European Journal of Taxonomy 32: 1-28

http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2012.32

ISSN 2118-9773

WWW. europeanj oumaloftaxonomy. eu

2012 • Dominguez Camaeho M. & VandenSpiegel D.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Research article

um:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:778FFFlD-32El-466B-82DB-BF9B30C2ABEl

Scolopendrellidae (Myriapoda, Symphyla) from the Afrotropics

with descriptions of seven new species

Miguel DOMINGUEZ CAMACHO ‘ & Didier VANDENSPIEGEL^

^ Puenteeesures IB, 6C. 28029 Madrid (Spain).

Corresponding author, Email: [email protected]

^Invertebrate Seetion, Royal Museum for Central Afriea. B-3080 Tervuren (Belgium).

Email: dvdspiegel@,afrieamuseum.be

^ um:lsid:zoobank.org:author:866695CE-585A-4469-B59A-0FFFEFD79683

^ um:lsid:zoobank.org:author:CE8C3D01-28AD-43F7-9D4F-04802E68CBlA

Abstract. Among the Seolopendrellidae belonging to the eolleetion of Symphyla of the Royal

Museum for Central Afriea (Tervuren, Belgium), ten speeies were found and seven new speeies are

deseribed: Symphylella erecta sp. nov., S. fuko sp. nov., S. kalundu sp. nov., S. lubumbashi sp. nov.,

S. Malagassa sp. nov., S. tanganyika sp. nov. and Remysymphyla spinosa sp. nov. SEM mierographs

and additional information of the new speeies and also of Remysymphyla hova Aubry & Masson, 1952,

Ribautiella zagnanadina Brolemann, 1926 andR. schoutedeni Hinsehberger, 1954 are provided, whieh

eontributes to an easier determination of the afrotropieal seolopendrellid speeies. The diagnosis of the

genus Remysymphyla is diseussed.

Keywords. Symphyla, Afrotropies, Seolopendrellidae, Remysymphyla, Symphylella.

Dominguez Camacho M. & Vandenspiegel D. 2012. Scolopendrellidae (Myriapoda, Symphyla) from the afro-

tropics with descriptions of seven new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 32: 1-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/

eit.2012.32

Introduction

Tittle is known of the Symphyla fauna of the Afrotropies, espeeially regarding the family Seolo¬

pendrellidae. Fourteen speeies of Seolopendrellidae have previously been reported in the Afrotropies.

The present work is a study of the eolleetion of Symphyla of the Royal Museum for Central Afriea

(Tervuren, Belgium). The vast majority is unidentified material - nearly 300 tubes eontaining 1700

speeimens in ethanol - from the whole Afrotropies and eolleeted from the 1950s until now. Most

speeimens belong to family Seutigerellidae, a few of them to Seolopendrellidae.

With the present study, the number of now identified speeies of Seolopendrellidae from the Afrotropies

is signifieantly inereased. The study also presents a synopsis of the Afrotropieal speeies belonging to the

studied genera.

European Journal of Taxonomy 32 : 1-28 ( 2012 )

Material and methods

Twenty eight speeimens of seollopendrellids were studied using SEM. Speeimens preserved in 70%

ethanol were dehydrated in a graded series of aeetone up to 100%, eritieal-point-dried with earbon

dioxide in a Balzer CPD 030 and subsequently sputter eoated with gold. Morphologieal eharaeters of

the speeimens were examined under a JEOL JSM-5400LV mieroseope at 10 kV.

The taxonomie study was eompleted using identified material of Ribautiella zagnanadina Brolemann,

1926 (MRAC 7832) and Ribautiella schoutedeni Hinsehberger, 1954 (MRAC 7836, 6033), and type

speeimens of Remysymphyla hova Aubry & Masson, 1952b (MNHN K002).

Abbreviations

A.N.P.

Congo D.R.

MNHN

MRAC

SEM

Results

Albert National Park (Demoeratie Republie of the Congo)

Demoeratie Republie of the Congo

Museum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris

Musee Royal de TAlfique eentrale (Royal Museum for Central Afriea)

seanning eleetron mieroseopy

Phylum Arthropoda Eatreille, 1829

Subphylum Myriapoda Eatreille, 1802

Class Symphyla Ryder, 1880

Family Seolopendrellidae Newport, 1845

Key to Afrotropical genera

1 First pair of legs vestigial .2

- First pair of legs distinet .3

2 Seeond and third tergites without transversal division; length usually 2 mm or more

. Symphylella Silvestri, 1902

- 2"^ and 3"^^ tergites divided transversally; length usually < 2 mm.

Ribautiella Brolemann, 1926

3 pair of legs very short, with terminal setae instead of elaws .

. Remysymphyla Avibry ScMsiSson, 1952a

- pair of legs 3-segmented, with elaws .4

4 Tergite 17 without paired triangular proeesses.

. Scolopendrellopsis Bagnall, 1913

- Tergite 17 with paired triangular proeesses

. Neosymphyla Edwards & Belfield, 1967

Genus Symphylella Silvestri ,1902

Type species

Symphylella isabellae (Grassi, 1886), deseribed in Italy.

Diagnosis

Seventeen tergites, whieh means that the tergal areas 14 and 15 (fide Dominguez Camaeho 2009: 108,

fig. 4) are subdivided into two tergites eaeh; first tergite smaller, tergites 2-13 and 15 with paired

DOMfNGUEZ CAMACHO M. & VANDENSPIEGEL D., Scolopendrellidae from the Afrotropics

triangular processes. First pair of legs reduced to hairy or spiny knobs, or spots. All tergites completely

sclerotized and pubescent. Posterior border of last tergite straight.

Species reported in the Afrotropics

Symphylella is subcosmopolitan and is the most diversified scolopendrellid genus, with more than 50

described species. Three species have hitherto been reported from tropical Africa, with few citations of

each. Below is a checklist, arranged in alphabetical order:

1. Symphylella foucquei Jupeau, 1954: Reunion and Nosy-Be (Jupeau 1954; Rochaix 1956).

2. Symphylella isahellae (Grassi, 1886): Madagascar (Rochaix 1956). This species is also present in

Europe {e.g., Edwards 1959; Dethier 1998; Grassi 1886; Scheller 1978).

3. Symphylella vulgaris (Hansen, 1903): subcosmopolitan, the most widely distributed species of

Symphyla so far known (Scheller 1971). Earlier records from Tropical Africa are from Congo D.R.,

Tanzania and Kenya (Hinschberger 1954b; Ribaut 1914; Rochaix 1955), Madagascar (Rochaix 1956)

and the Reunion (Jupeau 1954).

Key to Afrotropical species of Symphylella

1 First tergite with 6 setae.2

- First tergite with more than 6 setae .5

2 Triangular processes of tergites without setae between apical and inner basal setae.

. foucquei Jupeau, 1954

- Triangular processes of tergites with one or more setae between apical and inner basal setae.3

3 First leg knoblike. kalundu sp. nov.

- First leg only a spiny spot with two protruding setae .4

4 Styli with terminal end clublike, posterior margin of tergites (between triangular processes) curved ...

. malagassa sp. nov.

- Styli with terminal end with apical spine, posterior margin of tergites (between triangular processes)

straight. vulgaris (Hansen, 1903)

5 First tergite with 10 setae. isahellae (Grassi, 1886)

- First tergite with 7-8 setae .6

6 All tergal setae clearly erect, inner basal setae of second and third tergites about twice longer

than other posteromarginal setae . erecta sp. nov.

- Some tergal setae curved, inner basal stae of second and third tergites about as long as the other

posteromarginal setae.7

7 Second tergite with 4 lateromarginal setae . lubumbashi sp. nov.

- Second tergite with 5 or more lateromarginal setae.8

8 Second tergite with 6 lateromarginal setae, setae of central part of third tergite much shorter

than marginal setae . tanganyika sp. nov.

- Second tergite with 7 lateromarginal setae, setae of central part of third tergite as long as marginal

setae. fuko sp. nov.

European Journal of Taxonomy 32 : 1-28 ( 2012 )

Symphylella erecta sp. nov.

um:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BA6D2348-A8FE-4CF9-A9DB-643B55E53E78

Figs 1, 7A

Type material

Holotype

1, sex unknown, CONGO D.R., A.N.P., Secteur Sud, riv. Fuko, affl. Dr. Rutshum, 1300 m, coll. De

Witte, 12 Nov. 1954 (MRAC 22148).

Paratypes

1, sex unknown, same data as holotype (MRAC 22149); 1, sex unknown, CONGO D.R., A.N.R, Secteur

Sud, riv. Rumanura, affl. Fuko, 1200 m, coll. De Witte, 3 Dec. 1954 (MRAC 22150).

Type locality

CONGO D.R., A.N.R, Secteur Sud, riv. Fuko, affl. Dr. Rutshum, 1300 m.

Other material

1, sex?, TANZANIA, Mt. Ulugum, Kinola, foret transit, Berger, Eeleup, Debecker (MRAC 22163),

which probably belongs to this species, although it was not directly observed by SEM.

Etymology

From the Eatin erectus = upright, referring to the long and erect setae on the tergites.

Description (holotype)

Eength. 2.3 mm.

Head. 1.1 times as long as broad with broadest part behind the middle on a level with the points of lateral

protuberances (Fig. 1 A). Eateral margins nearly straight. Central rod faint, most distinct in posterior half

(Fig. lA). Frontal branches also faint. Median branches absent. Dorsal surface with setae of different

lengths. Cuticle with faint and dense pubescence (Fig. IB).

Antennae. Eeft antenna 16 segments, right 14 (Fig. IG). First segment smallest, following segments

about 1.2 times as wide as long. Total number of setae visible in dorsal view: 3 on first segment and

4 on second and third ones. Congest setae of proximal segments about 2.3 times as long as those of

distal segments. Average length of setae about 0.3 diameter of the basal segments. One whorl of setae

on proximal segments, secondary whorl begins on ventral side of 7* or 8^*^ segment. Apical segment

globular with several short distal setae. All segments with faint pubescence.

Tergites (Figs lA, IE, 7A). First tergite rudimentary with eight setae arranged in two groups of four.

Second tergite complete; triangular posterior processes with straight margins and glabrous tips, no end¬

swelling (Fig. 1 A, E). Margin between projections straight. One marginal seta between apical and inner

basal setae. Inner basal setae thick, erect and long, as long as anterolateral seta. Eight posteromarginal

setae - apical ones included -, two setae in the medial position - central setae. Five lateromarginal setae

on each side, -anterolateral setae included - some of them larger and very erect, alternating with the

smaller ones. Anterolateral setae very prominent in all tergites except most posteriors, erect, pointing

forwards and protruding from both sides. Second tergite with one anterolateral seta on each side, 3rd

and following ones with two. Third tergite with six posteromarginal setae and eight lateromarginal on

the right side, four visible on the left side - anterolateral setae included - some larger and very erect,

alternating with smaller ones. All tergites with faint pubescence.

DOMfNGUEZ CAMACHO M. & VANDENSPIEGEL D., Scolopendrellidae from the Afrotropics

Fig. 1. Symphylella erecta sp. nov., holotype (dorsal and lateral views) and paratype MRAC 22149

(ventral view). A. Head and first 4 tergites {Tl, T2, T2, T4), dorsal view. Cr, eentral rod; fb, frontal

branehes; Ip, lateral protuberanees of head. B. Detail of the surfaee of head. C. Detail of first leg.

D. Head and first 2 pairs of legs, ventral view. E. Detail of first {Tl) and seeond tergites {T2).

Al, anterolateral setae; as, apieal setae; cs, eentral setae of the posteromarginal setae; ibs, inner basal

setae of the posteromarginal setae. F. Stylus of leg 10. G. Right antenna. H. Posterior part of trunk, last

pair of legs {t, tarsus) and eerei (Q, lateral view. Arrows: ereet setae of tarsus, es, ventral ereet setae of

eereus. I. Posterior part of trunk, last left leg and eerei (C), dorsal view. Arrows', two ereet setae of tarsus

{t) of the last left leg; as, apieal seta; es, ereet setae of the outer side of the eerei; ta, terminal area.

European Journal of Taxonomy 32 : 1-28 ( 2012 )

Legs. First pair of legs not visible in holotype, strongly redueed to small spiny spot with two protruding

setae eaeh in paratypes (Fig. 1C, D). Last pair of legs with few and small setae. (Fig. IH). Tarsus with

a few distinet small setae in distal part and two longer and ereet setae on dorsal side (Fig IH, 1). Cutiele

with very faint pubeseenee.

Style Not visible in holotype, short and subglobular, with short thiek hairs in paratypes (Fig. IF).

Cercl 3.2 times as long as wide, slightly eurved laterally (Fig. 11). 35-40 setae in dorsal view on eaeh

eereus. Setae either short, slightly eurved, depressed, elothing all sides, or long straight ereet, inserted

on outer and ventral sides. Distal half of outer side with 1 or 2 long and ereet setae; ventral side with

4-6 ereet setae arranged in a longitudinal row (Fig. IH). Cutiele with faint pubeseenee. Terminal area

eonieal, 0.1 times of the length of eerei, six-nine transversal striae. Apieal seta eurved inwards, about as

long as terminal area.

Affinities and differential diagnosis

Symphylella erecta is very similar to S. simplex (Hansen, 1903) and S. multisetosa Seheller, 1971 from

South Asia. These speeies differ from all other Symphylella speeies in the eombination of having 8

setae on the first tergite, setae between the apieal and inner basal setae of the triangular proeesses, some

of the lateromarginal setae on the seeond tergite ereet and the presenee of at least one row of ereeted

setae in the ventral part of the eerei. However, S. erecta is distinguished by the presenee of long inner

basal setae on the triangular proeesses of the seeond tergite, as long as the largest lateromarginal one,

strongly redueed first pair of legs and the presenee of frontal branehes in the head. The presenee of the

subglobular styli is also a diagnostie feature of this speeies.

Symphylella fuko sp. nov.

um:lsid:zoobank.org:aet:61460AAl-87DF-4E69-B5CD-79799F57955F

Figs 2, 7B

Type material

Holotype

Sex unkown, CONGO D.R., A.N.P., seeteur sud, riv. Rumanura, afll. Fuko, 1200 m, eoll. De Witte, 14

JuL 1954 (MRAC 22151).

Type locality

CONGO D.R., A.N.R, seeteur sud, riv. Rumanura, afll. Fuko, 1200 m.

Etymology

The speeies name is a noun in apposition taken from the type loeality.

Description (holotype)

Length. 2.5 mm.

Head. 1.1 times as long as broad with broadest part behind the middle on a level with lateral protuberanees

(Fig. 2A). Lateral margins nearly straight. Central rod thin, nearly indistinet in the anterior part. Frontal

branehes present but no median branehes. Dorsal surfaee mostly eovered with short setae, the longest

are situated in the anterior part and in the lateral margins. Cutiele with faint and dense pubeseenee

(Fig. 2C).

Antennae. Left antenna 19 segments, right 18 (Fig. 2G). First segment smaller, 2"^ and 3'^^ segments

about 1.2 times as wide as long. The following segments are gradually wider, about 1.8 times as wide as

DOMfNGUEZ CAMACHO M. & VANDENSPIEGEL D., Scolopendrellidae from the Afrotropics

Fig. 2. Symphylella fuko sp. nov., holotype. A. Head and first 4 tergites {Tl, T2, T3, T4), dorsal view.

Cr, eentral rod; Jb, frontal branehes; Ip, lateral protuberanee of head. B. Head and anterior part of trunk,

lateral view. C. Detail of the surfaee of head and lateral protuberanee of head {Ip). D. Detail of first leg.

E. Posterior part of trunk and eerei (C), dorsal view. F. Posterior part of trunk, last right legs and eerei

(C), lateral view. Arrows, longer and ereet setae of femur (f) of last leg; es, ereet setae of ventral side

of eerei. G. Eeft antenna. H. Detail of first {Tl) and seeond {T2) tergites. Arrows, small end-swellings

of triangular proeesses; al, anterolateral setae; as, apieal setae; cs, eentral setae of the posteromarginal

setae; ibs, inner basal setae of the posteromarginal setae.

European Journal of Taxonomy 32 : 1-28 ( 2012 )

long in the 12^*’. Setae about 0.2 times the diameter of the segments; shorter in the most distal segments.

No seeond whorl of setae from dorsal view. Apieal segment subglobular, slightly wider than long. All

segments with faint pubeseenee.

Tergites (Figs 2A, H, 7B). First tergite rudimentary with seven setae arranged in two groups of three and

four. Seeond tergite eomplete; triangular proeesses with straight margins and small end-swellings (Fig.

2A, H). Margin between projeetions straight. One marginal setae between apieal and inner basal setae

on the left triangular projeetion, two on the right one; nine posteromarginal setae with equal length, with

two eentral ones; seven lateromarginal setae on eaeh side. Anterolateral setae longer than others. Third

tergite with ten lateromarginal setae on the left side, right margin not entirely visible. All tergites with

faint pubeseenee.

Legs. First pair of legs strongly redueed to spiny spots with two protruding setae and two longer setae on

both sides (Fig. 2B, D). Anterior seta as long as protruding seta of the spot. Posterior seta 4 times longer

of anterior one and pointing baekwards. Last pair of legs barely visible in the holotype, with three longer

seta on dorsal part of the femur - one in the proximal part and two in the distal part - and one on the tibia

(Fig. 2F). Cutiele with very faint pubeseenee.

Styee Not visible.

Cerce 2.5 times as long as wide, sides slightly eurved (Fig. 2E). Setae generally short, slightly eurved

and depressed on all sides; 40 visible from the dorsal view. One ereet and longer seta on the ventral side

of both eerei (Fig. 2F). Cutiele with very faint pubeseenee. Terminal area not visible in the holotype.

Affinities and differential diagnosis

The eombination of a relative high number of setae on the first tergite - four setae on the left half - and on

the seeond tergite - nine posteromarginal and seven lateromarginal setae - is shared by S. fuko sp. nov.,

S. simplex, S. multisetosa and S. neotropica (Hansen, 1903). The presenee of only three setae on the right

half of the first tergite, longer and ereet setae on the seeond and third tergites and the frontal branehes

of the eentral rod on the head are eharaeteristie for S. fuko sp. nov. This speeies also differs from S.

multisetosa and S. neotropica in the first pair of legs, whieh is strongly redueed to spiny spots. The

ehaetotaxy and morphology of the first three tergites in S. fuko sp. nov. are also similar to those of S.

erecta sp. nov., but S.fuko sp. nov. is easily distinguished by the regular size of the inner basal setae on

the seeond tergite and the shorter anterolateral setae.

Symphylella kalundu sp. nov.

um:lsid:zoobank.org:aet:85A76QQ8-BDBE-4679-9271-EC8A4ACCA7B7

Figs 3, 1C

Type material

Holotype

S, CONGO D.R., Terr. Uvira, Kalundu (03°27’ S, 029°08’ E), 800 m, eoll. Eeleup N., Feb. 1958 (MRAC

22152).

Paratypes

4, sex unknown, same data as holotype (MRAC 22153).

Type locality

CONGO D.R., Terr. Uvira, Kalundu (03°27’ S, 029°08’ E), 800 m.

DOMfNGUEZ CAMACHO M. & VANDENSPIEGEL D., Scolopendrellidae from the Afrotropics

Etymology

The speeies name is a noun in apposition taken from the type loeality.

Description (holotype)

Eength. 2 mm.

Head. E2 times as long as broad, with broadest part behind the middle on a level with the lateral

protuberanees of the head (Fig. 3A). Eateral margins nearly straight. Central rod distinet, thin, with a

node at the middle. Frontal branehes present, no median branehes. Dorsal surfaee eovered by setae of

subequal length. Cutiele with faint and dense pubeseenee (Fig. 3B).

Antennae. Right antenna broken, left antenna 16 segments (Fig. 3F). First segment elongate, about 0.5

times as wide as long; 2"^ and 3"^^ as wide as long; following segments of equal size, about 1.2 times as

wide as long. Setae about 0.2 of diameter of segments, shorter in the most distal segments. No seeond

whorl of setae. Apieal segment subglobular. All segments with faint pubeseenee.

Tergites (Figs 3 A, E, 7C). First tergite rudimentary with six setae arranged in two groups of three. One

short seta between first and seeond tergites in the median part (Fig. 3E). Seeond tergite with one seta

between apieal and inner basal setae of the triangular proeesses. Triangular proeesses with very small

end-swellings (Fig. 3E). Margin between proeesses slightly eurved. Seeond tergite with a total of seven

posteromarginal setae, one eentral seta in the medial position. Five lateromarginal setae on the right side,

short. Anterolateral setae slightly longer than the other lateromarginal setae. Only three lateromarginal

setae visible on the left side. Third tergite with five posteromarginal setae, without setae between apieal

and inner basal setae of the triangular proeesses, seven lateromarginal setae on the right side, only four

visible on the left side. All tergites with very faint, short and sparse pubeseenee.

Fegs. First pair of legs redueed to small spiny knobs, eaeh with one distal seta (Fig. 3C, D). Fast pair of

legs with few and small setae. Tarsus with few long and eurved setae in the distal part (Fig. 3G), absent

in one paratype (Fig. 3H). Cutiele pubeseent.

Styee Extremely short, barely visible (Fig. 31).

Cerce 3.2 times as long as wide, laterals slightly eurved, with 10 dorsal setae long, slightly eurved and

depressed (Fig. 3G). Ventral side with five protruding and ereet setae arranged in a longitudinal row

(Fig. 3H). Cutiele pubeseent. Terminal area eonieal, 0.14 times as long as the total length of the eerei,

with 4 proximal striae straight and three distal striae eurved and eoneentrie. No apieal setae, probably

lost in all speeimens.

Affinities and differential diagnosis

The speeies is similar to S. vulgaris (Hansen, 1903) and A asiatica Seheller, 1971, sinee they share some

similarities in the ehaetotaxy of the two first tergites: six setae on the first tergite, seven posteromarginal

setae on the seeond tergite with one eentral seta in the medial position and one seta between apieal and inner

basal setae of eaeh triangular proeess. Further similarities in the ehaetotaxy of the tergites are shared by

S. kalundu sp. nov. and S. asiatica, sueh as 5 lateromarginal setae on the seeond tergite and 8 on the third

one, while they are respeetively 8 and 10 in 5^. vulgaris (Hansen, 1903). The absenee of setae between

the apieal and inner basal setae of the triangular proeesses on the third tergite is eharaeteristie of S.

kalundu sp. nov. The ehaetotaxy of the eerei is more similar to that of S. vulgaris (Hansen, 1903) than

the one observed in S. asiatica, sinee there is only one row of ventral setae ereet, and there are no ereet

dorsal setae.

European Journal of Taxonomy 32 : 1-28 ( 2012 )

Fig. 3. Symphylella kalundu sp. nov., holotype (dorsal views) and paratype (ventral and lateral views).

A. Head and first 4 tergites {Tl, T2, T2, T4), dorsal view. Arrow: node in the middle of the eentral rod

(cr); fb, frontal branehes, Ip, lateral protuberanee of the head. B. Detail of the surfaee of the head and

lateral protuberanee {Ip). C. Detail of the first leg. D. Head and anterior part of the trunk, ventral view.

E. Detail of the first {Tl) and seeond {T2) tergites. Arrows, small end-swelling of triangular proeesses;

as, apieal setae; cs, eentral seta of the posteromarginal setae; ibs, inner basal setae of the posteromarginal

setae; s, seta between first and seeond tergites. F. Right antenna. G. Last tergite, last pair of legs and

eerei (C), dorsal view. Arrows, longer and ereet setae of tarsus {t) of last pair of legs; ta, terminal area

of eerei. H. Posterior part of the trunk, last right leg and right eereus (C), lateral view. Es, ereet setae of

ventral side of eerei; t, tarsus of last leg, without setae. I. Stylus of the leg 10 {arrow and circle).

DOMfNGUEZ CAMACHO M. & VANDENSPIEGEL D., Scolopendrellidae from the Afrotropics

Symphylella lubumbashi sp. nov.

um: lsid:zoobank.org: act: 5 ADS782F -EB94-4BFF -B7QF-A9BB5E6728B1

Figs 4, 7D

Type material

Holotype

Sex unknown, CONGO D.R., Shaba, Fubumbashi (11°40’ S, 027°28’ E), coll. Goffinet G., Dec. 1969

(MRAC 22154).

Paratypes

2, sex unknown, same data as holotype (MRAC 22155); 2, sex unknown, same data as holotype (MRAC

22156).

Type locality

CONGO D.R., Shaba, Fubumbashi (IFdO’ S, 027°28’ E).

Etymology

The species name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.

Description (holotype)

Fength. 1.8 mm.

Head. 1.2 times as long as broad with broadest part in the middle on a level with lateral protuberances

(Fig. 4A). Fateral margins nearly straight. Central rod thin, more distinct in the posterior half Frontal

branches not visible in any of the studied specimens. Median branches absent. Dorsal surface with short

setae. Cuticle with faint and dense pubescence (Fig. 4B).

Antennae. Proportionately short and depressed, left antenna broken, right with 14 segments (Fig. 4F).

First segment smaller, following segments pretty broad, about twice as wide as long. Fength of setae

0.25-0.3 times the diameter of segments, shorter in most distal segments. No second whorl of setae.

Apical segment subglobular, wider than long. All segments with faint pubescence.

Tergites (Figs 4A, E, 7D). First tergite rudimentary with seven setae arranged in two groups of three

and four. Triangular processes of following tergites with straight margins, prominent end-swellings

and one seta between apical and inner basal setae (Fig. 4E). One short seta between first and second

tergites in the median part (Fig. 4E). Second tergite with seven posteromarginal setae, only one central

seta, and four thick and erect lateromarginal setae (Fig. 4E). Anterolateral seta longer and well distinct

in all anterior tergites. Margin between triangular projections straight in the second tergite but curved

in the following ones. Third tergite with eight posteromarginal setae with two central ones, six-seven

lateromarginal setae. Setae of the central part of third tergite clearly shorter than marginal ones. All

tergites with a dense and conspicuous pubescence.

Fegs. First pair of legs strongly reduced to small spiny spot with two protruding setae (Fig. 4C, D). Fast

pair of legs with protruding setae in the distal part of the joints (Fig. 4H). Femur with one longer distal

seta on the dorsal side. Tibia with four protruding setae in the distal part. Tarsus with three thick and

protruding distal setae. Cuticle pubescent.

Styee Small, elongate, covered by hairs resembling a spike (Fig. 4F).

Cerce 2.5 times as long as wide, with slightly curved sides (Fig. 41). 25-30 long, straight and depressed

dorsal setae. Outer side of distal half with one or two erect setae; ventral side with four or five setae - not

European Journal of Taxonomy 32 : 1-28 ( 2012 )

Fig. 4. Symphylella lubumbashi sp. nov., holotype (dorsal views) and paratype (ventral and lateral

views). A. Head and first 4 tergites {Tl, T2, T2, T4), dorsal view. Cr, eentral rod; Ip, lateral protuberanees

of the head. B. Detail of the surfaee of the head. C. Detail of the first leg. D. Head and first 2 pairs of

legs, ventro-lateral view. E. Detail of first (Tl) and seeond (T2) tergites. Arrows, small end-swelling

of triangular proeesses; al, anterolateral setae; as, apieal setae; cs, eentral seta of the posteromarginal

setae; ibs, inner basal setae of the posteromarginal setae; 5*, seta between first and seeond tergites.

F. Right antenna. G. Stylus of the leg 11 (arrow). H. Posterior part of the trunk, last pair of legs and eerei

(C), lateral view. White arrows, protruding setae of the femur (f), tibia (t) and tarsus (ta) of last left leg;

grey arrows, protruding setae of tibia (t) and tarsus (ta) of the right left; ventral setae of right eereus,

in a row. I. Last tergite and eerei (C), dorsal view. As, apieal setae; es, ereet setae of outer side of eerei,

ta, terminal area.

DOMfNGUEZ CAMACHO M. & VANDENSPIEGEL D., Scolopendrellidae from the Afrotropics

erect - arranged in a longitudinal row (Fig. 4H). Cuticle with faint pubescence. Terminal area conical,

0.1 times as long as the total length of the cerci with seven-nine transversal striae (Fig. 41). Apical seta

straight, 1.7 times as long as terminal area.

Affinities and differential diagnosis

The presence of only four lateromarginal setae on the second tergite is a characteristic feature shared by

S. lubumbashi sp. nov., S. foucquei Jupeau, 1954 and A elongata Scheller, 1952. However, S. lubumbashi

sp. nov. differs from the latter two species by the presence of a seta between apical and inner basal setae

of the triangular processes on the second and third tergites.

Remarks

There is intraspecific variation in the chaetotaxy of the first and second tergites: one paratype presents

only six setae on the first tergite, and a small seta between the anterolateral and the following more

posterior on the second tergite.

Symphylella malagassa sp. nov.

um:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C4DFCElD-B8El-4QlC-835A-0C2240AA57AF

Figs 5, 7E

Type material

Holotype

Sex unknown, MADAGASCAR, Foulpointe (17°40’ S, 049°3F E), coll. Pauly A., 12-17 Dec. 1993

(MRAC 22157).

Paratypes

1$, same data as holotype (MRAC 22158).

Type locality

MADAGASCAR, Foulpointe (17° 40’ S, 049° 31’ E).

Etymology

The species name is an adjective derived from Madagascar.

Description (holotype)

Fength. 2.00 mm.

Head. 1.7 times as long as broad with broadest part behind the middle on a level with lateral protuberances

(Fig. 5A). Fateral margins of head nearly straight. Central rod only distinct in the posterior half Frontal

branches well developed and median branches indistinct. Dorsal surface with short and thin setae,

becoming denser in the posterior part. Cuticle with faint and dense pubescence (Fig. 5B).

Antennae. Feft antenna with 16 segments, right with 17 (Fig. 5F). First segment small, 0.4 times the

length of 2"^ segment. Following segments with regular size, about 1.2 times as wide as long. Inner setae

of the second and third segments straight and longer than the ones of the following segments (Fig. 5F).

Fongest inner seta of the third segment 0.6 times as long as the diameter of segment, while length of the

ones in the following segments about 0.3 times the diameter, even shorter in the most distal segments.

No second whorl of setae. Apical segment globular, all segments with faint pubescence.

Tergites (Figs 5A, E, 7E). First tergite rudimentary with six setae arranged in two groups of three.

Following tergites with quite curved lateral margins and well demarcated curved posterior margins

European Journal of Taxonomy 32 : 1-28 ( 2012 )

Fig. 5. Symphylella malagassa sp. nov., holotype (dorsal views) and paratype (ventral and lateral views).

A. Head and first 4 tergites (Tl, T2, T3, T4), dorsal view. Cr, eentral xo&,fb, frontal branehes; Ip, lateral

protuberanees of the head. B. Detail of the surfaee of the head. C. Detail of the first leg. D. Head and first

2 pairs of legs, ventro-lateral view. E. Detail of first {Tl) and seeond {T2) tergites. Al, anterolateral setae;

as, apieal setae; cs, eentral setae of the posterolateral setae; ibs, inner basal setae of the posteromarginal

setae; seta between first and seeond tergites. F. Right antenna. Arrows, longer inner setae of seeond

and third segments. G. Stylus of the leg 11. H. Posterior part of the trunk, last pairs of legs and eerei

(C), lateral view. Arrows, longer setae of the tarsus {t) of last left leg. I. Last tergite and eerei (C), dorsal

view. Ta, terminal area.

DOMfNGUEZ CAMACHO M. & VANDENSPIEGEL D., Scolopendrellidae from the Afrotropics

between triangular proeesses. Proeesses without end-swelling, tips slightly pointing inwards. One seta

between first and seeond tergites in the median part (Fig. 5E). Seeond tergite with nine posteromarginal,

two eentral and five lateromarginal setae. One seta between apieal and inner basal setae on the left

triangular proeess, two on the right one. Anterior margin of seeond tergite eoneave. Anterolateral setae

longer and well distinet in all anterior tergites. Third tergite with seven-ten lateromarginal and ten

posteromarginal setae.

Eegs. First pair of legs strongly redueed to small spiny spots (Fig. 5C, D). East pair of legs with small

setae on the whole surfaee. Tarsus with a longitudinal row of five longer setae on the dorsal side

(Fig. 5H). Cutiele pubeseent.

Style Small, elongate and spike-like, eovered by hairs, with a elub-like distal proeess (Fig. 5G).

Cercl 3 times as long as wide, with straight sides (Fig. 51). 25-30 setae in dorsal view, slightly eurved

and depressed. Cutiele with faint pubeseenee. Terminal area eonieal, quite wide, 0.1 times as long as

the total length of the eerei, with 8 transversal striae. No apieal setae, probably lost in both studied

speeimens.

Affinities and differential diagnosis

Symphylella malagassa sp. nov. is similar to S. kalundu sp. nov., S. asiatica Seheller, 1971 din& S.brincki

Seheller, 1971, sinee they present six setae on the firsttergite and five lateromarginal setae on the seeond one.

S. malagassa sp. nov. differs by the presenee of two or three setae between the apieal and inner basal

setae of the triangular proeesses instead of one, the higher number of posteromarginal setae on the

third tergite and the eharaeteristie eurvature of the posterior margin of the tergites. Another remarkable

diagnostie feature of this speeies is the elub-like distal end of the styli.

Symphylella tanganyika sp. nov.

um:lsid:zoobank.org:aet:E92BQ89D-B6F7-44C2-8CCl-52CDFA5BE742

Figs 6, 7F

Type material

Holotype

Sex unknown, TANZANIA, Mt. Uluguru, Kinola, 1500-1750 m, eoll. Berger, Feleup and Debeeker,

6-13 Jun. 1971 (MRAC 22159).

Paratypes

2 SS, same data as holotype (MRAC 22160).

Type locality

TANZANIA, Mt. Uluguru, Kinola, 1500-1750 m.

Etymology

The speeies name is a noun in apposition taken from the old name of the type loeality.

Description (holotype)

Fength. 1.7 mm.

Head. 1.2 times as long as broad with broadest part behind the middle on a level with lateral protuberanees

(Fig. 6A). Fateral margins rounded. Central rod very thin, well distinet in the posterior part. Frontal

European Journal of Taxonomy 32 : 1-28 ( 2012 )

Fig. 6. Symphylella tanganyika sp. nov., holotype (dorsal views) and paratype (ventral and lateral views).

A. Head and first 4 tergites (Tl, T2, T2, T4), dorsal view. Cr, eentral rod; fb, frontal branehes; Ip, lateral

protuberanees of the head. B. Detail of the surfaee of the head and lateral protuberanee {Ip). C. Detail of

the first leg. D. Head and first 2 pairs of legs, ventral view. E. Detail of first {Tl) and seeond {T2) tergites.

Arrows, small end-swelling of triangular proeesses; al, anterolateral setae; as, apieal setae; cs, eentral

seta of the posteromarginal setae; ihs, inner basal setae of the posteromarginal setae; seta between

first and seeond tergites. F. Left antenna. Arrows, longer inner setae of the seeond and third segments.

G. Stylus of the leg 11 {arrow). H. Posterior part of the trunk, last pairs of legs and eerei (C), lateral

view. Arrows, longer setae of the femur (/), tibia {t) and tarsus {ta) of last legs; es, ereet setae of ventral

side of right eereus. I. Last tergite and eerei (C), dorsal view. As, apieal setae; es, ereet setae of outer

side of eerei; ta, terminal area.

DOMfNGUEZ CAMACHO M. & VANDENSPIEGEL D., Scolopendrellidae from the Afrotropics

branches present, faint, and median branches absent. Dorsal surface with rather short setae. Cuticle with

faint and dense pubescence (Fig. 6B).

Antennae. Eeft antenna with 16 segments, right with 17 (Fig. 6F). First segment much smaller than

following ones, about 0.3 times the length of 2"^ segment. Following segments with regular size. Inner

setae of 2""^ and 3'^^^ segments longer than the ones of the following segments. Fongest inner seta of the

third segment 0.4 times the diameter of segment, length of the ones in the following segments about

0.2-0.3 times of diameter, gradually shorter towards the apex. Secondary whorl of setae begins on the

ventral side of the 7* segment. Apical segment globular, with several small terminal setae. All segments

with faint pubescence.

Tergites (Figs 6A, E, 7F). Small in comparison with the general width of the head and the body; width

0.6-0.8 times of the diameter of the trunk at the same level. First tergite rudimentary with eight setae

arranged in two groups of four. One seta between first and second tergites in the median part (Fig. 6E).

Fateral and posterior margins of second tergite straight. Nine posteromarginal setae with two central

setae. One seta between apical and inner basal setae on the left triangular process, two on the right one.

Six lateromarginal setae. Anterolateral setae comparatively not very long in the anterior tergites. Third

tergite with eight posteromarginal setae and nine lateromarginal. Setae of the central part of third tergite

clearly shorter than marginal ones. All tergites with faint pubescence.

Fegs. First pair of legs strongly reduced, in a small spiny spot with two protruding setae (Fig. 6C,

D). Fast pair of legs with thick and erect setae, sparse in the dorsal parts of the joints: femur with one

erect seta in the distal part, tibia with two and tarsus with three protruding setae in a longitudinal row

(Fig. 6H). Cuticle pubescent.

Styee Very small, subglobular, covered by a moderate number of spiny hairs (Fig. 6G).

Cerce 2.5-2.7 times as long as wide, slightly curved laterally (Fig. 61) and dorsally straight (Fig. 6H).

Many short, slightly curved and depressed setae on all sides. Outer side with one protruding setae in the

distal part (Fig. 61), ventral with five setae arranged in a longitudinal row (Fig. 6H). Terminal area of the

right cercus not entirely visible; terminal area of the left cercus conical, quite wide, 0.1 times as long as

the total length of the cerci, with five transversal proximal striae and four curved, concentric distal striae

(Fig. 61). Apical seta curved, about as long as terminal area.

Affinities and differential diagnosis

S. tanganyika sp. nov. is similar to S. ere eta sp. nov.; they share the presence of eight setae on the first

tergite and the subglobular styli. It is distinguished from S. erecta sp. nov. the chaetotaxy of the second

and third tergites, the length of the antennae, which are longer in S. tanganyika sp. nov., the smaller

general size of the tergites and the presence of several protruding setae on the dorsal side of the last pair

of legs.

Genus Remysymphyla Aubry & Masson, 1952a

Type species

Remysymphyla maura Aubry & Masson, 1952a, described from Morocco.

Diagnosis

First pair of legs very short, jointed, with terminal setae instead of claws (Figs 8B, C, D, 9H).

15-21 tergites, first tergite rudimentary, posterior tergites of tergal areas (fide Dominguez Camacho

2009: 108, fig. 4) 2-14 with paired, triangular posterior processes. The presence of 15 tergites was

defined as one of the main autapomorphies of this genus in the literature (Aubry & Masson 1952a;

European Journal of Taxonomy 32 : 1-28 ( 2012 )

Fig. 7. Schemata of the three first tergites and ehaetotaxy of the deseribed speeies of Symphylella.

A. S. erecta sp. nov. B. S. fuko sp. nov. C. S. kalundu sp. nov. D. S. lubumbashi sp. nov. E. S. mala-

gassa sp. nov. F. S. tanganyika sp. nov. — Marginal setae of seeond and third tergites labelled:

Im, lateromarginal setae; Im (al), anterolateral seta of lateromarginal; p, posteromarginal setae;

p(a), apieal setae - belonging to the posteromarginal setae; p(c), eentral setae of posteromarginal;

p(ib), inner basal setae of posteromarginal; seta between first and seeond tergites. Seale: 50 pm.

DOMfNGUEZ CAMACHO M. & VANDENSPIEGEL D., Scolopendrellidae from the Afrotropics

Edwards 1959). However, the observation of type material of Remysymphyla hova Aubry & Masson,

1952b (MNHN K002) using SEM has shown that it really presents 21 tergites. It means that the tergites

of the tergal areas 6, 9, 12, 13, 14 and 15 (fide Dominguez Camaeho 2009: 108, fig. 4) are subdivided

into two subtergites eaeh (Figs 8A, E, lOA), as oeeurs in many seolopendrellid genera.

Tergites of the tergal areas 3-14 (fide Dominguez Camaeho 2009: 108, fig. 4) partially selerotized; only

both exterior parts of these tergites are eompletely selerotized (Fig. 8A, E). This diagnostie eharaeter

has to be verified earefully, sinee it has been observed only in two speeies. In Remysymphyla spinosa

sp. nov. the seeond tergite is partially selerotized (Fig. 9A, E).

East tergite subelliptieal, with posterior margin eonvex (Figs 8E, F, lOB). In addition, the size of the last

tergite is smaller than in Symphylella and its shape resembles Ribautiella.

Terminal area of eerei smaller than in Symphylella, with diagonal striae rather than transversal, pointing

baek- and inwards (Fig. 8F, lOB). Basis of terminal area also diagonal baek- and inwards rather than

transversal - as in Symphylella. Apieal seta also pointing inwards (Fig. lOB, C). The shape of the

terminal area of eerei also resembles in some aspeets Ribautiella. This eharaeter has to be observed

earefully sinee it has been inferred from diagrams in the literature (Aubry & Masson 1952a, 1952b;

Seheller 1971) and direetly observed only in two speeies.

Species included

The genus Remysymphyla eontains only 3 speeies:

1. Remysymphyla maura Aubry & Masson, 1952a, deseribed from Moroeeo and afterwards reported

from the Spanish island of Minorea (Juberthie-Jupeau 1961).

2. Remysymphyla hova Aubry & Masson, 1952b, deseribed from Madagasear and then reported again

from Madagasear (Roehaix 1956) and from Reunion (Jupeau, 1954)

3. Remysymphyla hebetocornuta Seheller, 1971, deseribed from Ceylon.

Remarks

In addition to the low number of deseribed speeies of this genus, the material studied and eited in the

literature is also very seant. Therefore, the gross ineongruenee deteeted between the studied material in

this work and the deseriptions in the literature - speeifieally regarding Remysymphyla hova - leads the

authors to think that the presenee of only 15 tergites is a dubious autapomorphy. It was eited for the first

time in the definition for the genus (Aubry & Masson 1952a) but it was not aeeompanied by diagrams

or detailed deseriptions of this feature, neither in further works on other speeies. For this reason, the

authors draw attention to this feature for future studies on this genus, sinee the number of tergites

has a major role in the systematies and phylogeny of the seolopendrellid symphylans (Edwards 1959;

Dominguez Camaeho 2009).

Remysymphyla spinosa sp. nov.

um:lsid:zoobank.org:aet:2FlD7455-D3F6-4DC5-A731-04C893267D6A

Figs 9, 10

Type material

Holotype

Sex unknown, CONGO D.R., Kivu, Itombwe, terr. D’Uvira, tete de souree de la Nyalengwe (03°30’ S,

029°00’ E), in a mountain forest with bamboo, 2500 m, eoll. Feleup N., Aug. 1959 (MRAC 22161).

Paratypes

2, sex?, same data as holotype (MRAC 22162).

European Journal of Taxonomy 32 : 1-28 ( 2012 )

Fig. 8. Remysymphyla hova Aubry & Masson, 1952. Paratypes (MNHN K002) from Ambanja (A-D)

and Ambatolampy (E and F), Madagascar. A. Head and anterior half of the trunk, dorsal view. Tl-Tll,

tergites 1-11; TA1-TA9, tergal areas 1-9 (fide Dominguez Camaeho 2009, fig. 4, page 108). Doubled

labeling of tergites shows partial selerotization. B. Head and first pair of legs, ventral view. C, D. Detail

of the first leg of two different speeimens. E. Cerei (C) last tergal areas (TAM, TAM) (fide Dominguez

Camaeho 2009, fig. 4, page 108) eorresponding to tergites 18-21 (T18-T21), dorsal view. Only exterior

parts of tergites 17 and 18 are selerotized (doubled labeled). F. Last tergite (T21) and eerei (C) of other

speeimen. Arrows, diagonal basis of the terminal areas (to).

DOMfNGUEZ CAMACHO M. & VANDENSPIEGEL D., Scolopendrellidae from the Afrotropics

Type locality

CONGO D.R., Kivu, Itombwe, terr. D’Uvira, tete de source de la Nyalengwe (03°30’ S, 029°00’ E), in a

mountain forest with bamboo, 2500 m.

Etymology

The species name is an adjective emphasizing the long and erect setae of the tergites, which give this

species a spiny aspect.

Description (holotype)

Eength. 2.1 mm.

Head. 1.3 times as long as broad with broadest part behind the middle on a level with lateral protuberances

(Fig. 9A). Eateral margins nearly straight. Central rod well-developed and not broken. Frontal branches

also well-developed. Median branches not very distinct in the holotype, but clearly distinct in the

paratypes (Fig. 9B). Dorsal surface with very long and spiny setae of equal length. Cuticle with dense

granulation (Fig. 9G).

Antennae. Broken in holotype. Rather short, in paratype left antenna with 27 segments, right with 29,

(Fig. 9C). All segments of equal length and pretty broad, 1.8-1.9 times as wide as long. Antennae densely

setose, with a spiny appearance; setae erect and long. Fongest setae in the inner part of the median

segments, with length of 0.5-0.7 times the diameter of segments. Secondary whorl of setae appears in

the segments. Size and number of setae decreases gradually in the seven distal segments, and

are totally absent in the last three ones. Apical segment flattened, more than 3 times as wide as long.

It presents a transversal depression, bestowing a coffee-bean shape. All segments with pretty long and

conspicuous pubescence.

Tergites. Not all well-visible in the studied specimens, at least 17 can be counted in the holotype, of

which 13 present triangular processes (Figs 9A, lOA). All tergites - except the first and the two latest -

sclerotized only in the lateral parts. All tergal setae very long; shortest setae at least as long as triangular

processes. Triangular processes longer than broad in the anterior tergites, with digitiform ends and no

apical setae; processes of the posterior tergites thinner and reduced to small digitiform projections (Fig.

IOC). First tergite with six setae arranged in two groups of three. Second tergite comparatively very

large (Fig. 9A, E), with five posteromarginal, one central and six lateromarginal setae. Anterolateral

setae not longer than the rest. All tergites with pubescence. Fast tergite subelliptical, with posterior

margin convex (Fig. lOB).

Fegs. First pair of legs reduced to two oviform knobs densely covered by numerous spines (Fig. 9F, H).

Two longer setae on the laterals, about twice as long as the whole knob. Fast pair of legs with thick and

long setae at the distal part of the joints (Fig. lOB, C). Femur and tibia with three setae; tarsus with two

protruding dorsal setae. Cuticle pubescent.

Styei. Small, elongate and spike-like, covered by hairs (Fig. 9D).

Cerci. 2.8 times as long as wide, with straight margins (Fig. lOB, C). About 25 visible setae from the

dorsal view, slightly curved and depressed. Cuticle with faint pubescence. Fimit between cerci sensu

stricto and terminal areas not transversal, but diagonal, as a continuation of the outer margin towards the

inn er margin (Fig. lOB). Terminal area small, 0.1 times as long as the total length of the cerci, conical,

longer in the outer margin than in the inner with six diagonal striae, parallel to the basis of the terminal

area. Apical seta about as long as terminal areas, curved inwards (Fig. lOB, C).

European Journal of Taxonomy 32 : 1-28 ( 2012 )

Fig. 9. Remysymphyla spinosa sp. nov. A. Head and first 3 tergites {Tl, T2, T3) of holotype, dorsal

view. Arrows, digitiform end of triangular proeesses; al, anterolateral setae; cr, eentral rod; fb, frontal

branehes; Ip, lateral protuberanee of the head; mb, median branehes. B. Head and first tergite {Tl)

of paratype, dorsal view. Cr, eentral rod; Ip, lateral protuberanee of the head; mb, median branehes.

C. Antennae of paratype. Arrows, transversal depression of apieal segments. D. Stylus of the leg 11

{arrow) of paratype. E. Detail of first {Tl) and seeond {T2) tergites of holotype. Arrows, digitiform end

of triangular proeesses; al, anterolateral seta; cs, eentral seta. F. Head and first legs of paratype, lateral

view. G. Detail of the surfaee of the head of paratype. H. Detail of the first leg of paratype.

DOMfNGUEZ CAMACHO M. & VANDENSPIEGEL D., Scolopendrellidae from the Afrotropics

Affinities and differential diagnosis

The morphology of the first pair of legs, whieh does not present evidenee of several joints, makes

Remysymphyla spinosa sp. nov. more similar to R. hebetocornuta Seheller, 1971 than to the remaining

Afiiean speeies. The spiny aspeet of the body is eharaeteristie for this speeies.

Remarks

The genus attribution of this speeies has been problematie, mainly due to the above-explained eonfiision

regarding the definition of Remysymphyla. The study of type speeimens of Remysymphyla hova Aubry

& Masson, 1952 allowed the reeognition of the first pair of legs of R. spinosa sp. nov. as typieal for this

Fig. 10. Remysymphyla spinosa sp. nov. A. Posterior part of the trunk of the holotype, tegal areas 8-15

{TA8-TA15) (fide Dominguez Camaeho 2009: 108, fig. 4), eorresponding to tergites 9-21 (T9-T21).

Doubled labeling of tergites shows partial selerotization. B. East tergite (T21), last pair of legs and eerei

as, apieal seta;/ femur; t, tibia; to, tarsus of the last right leg. C. East tergites, last pair of legs and eerei

to, tarsus of the last left leg; tor, terminal area of the eerei.

European Journal of Taxonomy 32 : 1-28 ( 2012 )

Fig. 11. — A-C. Ribautiella zagnanadina Brolemann, 1926. Museum material (MRAC 7832). —

D-F. Ribautiella schoutedeni Hinsehberger, 1954. Museum material (MRAC 6033). —A, D. Head and

tergal areas 1-3 (TA1-TA3) (fide Dominguez Camaeho 2009: 108, fig. 4). Arrows, fold in the first tergite

- artefaet. B, E. Penultimate (T22) and last (T23) tergites, and eerei (C). Arrows, diagonal end of eerei -

basis of the terminal areas (ta). C, F. Detail of the terminal area of the eerei. Arrow, striae.

DOMfNGUEZ CAMACHO M. & VANDENSPIEGEL D., Scolopendrellidae from the Afrotropics

genus (Figs 8B-D; 9F, H). However, observations using SEM seems to be suboptimal for deteetion of

one of its major diagnostie eharaeters: the number of joints on the first pair of legs. Although no joints

were diseemible in this speeies, the shape of the oviforms knobs of R. spinosa sp. nov. resembles the

two-jointed legs ofR. hebetocornuta Seheller, 1971.

Genus Ribautiella Brolemann, 1926.

Type species

Ribautiella zagnanadina Brolemarm, 1926, deseribed from Benin.

Diagnosis

23 tergites, whieh means that the tergal areas 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 13, 14 and 15 (fide Dominguez Camaeho,

2009, fig. 4, page 108) are subdivided into two subtergites; first tergite small, tergites 3, 5-7, 9-11,

13-15, 17, 18 and 21 with paired, triangular posterior proeesses. In his Keys to the Genera ofSymphyla,

Edwards (1959) mentions the presenee of 24 tergites as a diagnostie feature for this genus. This higher

number is due to a supposed subdivision of the first tergite. However, this eharaeteristie is questionable

sinee deseriptions and illustrations are not satisfaetory and this subdivision appears in different grades

among the speeies. The present study using SEM suggests that it is probably an artefaet of the mounts

for light mieroseopy (Fig. 11 A, D).

First pair of legs redueed either to hairy or spiny knobs or spots. This diagnostie eharaeter is also present

in Symphylella. Aeeordingly, the eombination of the eharaeters 1 and 2 is the strongest diagnostie

eharaeter set for Ribautiella.

Only both exterior parts of the tergites 2-21 eompletely selerotized (Fig. 11 A, D). This eharaeter is

also present in other seolopendrellid genera, sueh as Scolopendrellopsis, Geophilella, Parviapiciella

(Dominguez Camaeho 2009) and probably Remysymphyla.

Terminal area of eerei small, with basis diagonal, pointing baek- and inwards rather than transverse (Fig.

1 IB, E). Striae - if present - also diagonal rather than transverse, pointing baek- and inwards (Fig. 1 IF).

Species included

Eight speeies are known (Seheller 2007): Ribautiella amazonica Seheller & Adis, 1984, from Amazonia,

South Ameriea (Seheller & Adis 1984); Ribautiella borbonica Jupeau, 1954, from the island Fa Reunion

(Jupeau 1954) and Madagasear (Roehaix 1956); Ribautiella cathetus Seheller, 2007, from Amazonia,

South Ameriea (Seheller 2007); Ribautiella delphini Roehaix, 1956, from Madagasear (Roehaix 1956);

Ribautiella machadoi Hinsehberger, 1954, from Ivory Coast and Angola (Hinsehberger 1954; Juberthie-

Jupeau 1958); Ribautiella schoutedeni Hinsehberger, 1954, from Ivory Coast, Angola and the Congo

D.R. (Hinsehberger 1954; Juberthie-Jupeau 1958); Ribautiella tuxeni Allen, 1998, from Amazonia,

South Ameriea (Allen 1998); Ribautiella zagnanadina Brolemann, 1926, from Benin (Brolemann

1926), Angola and Ivory Coast (Hinsehberger 1954; Juberthie-Jupeau 1958; Roehaix 1955).

Ribautiella zagnanadina Brolemann, 1926

Fig. IIA-C

Material examined

2 juveniles with 10 and 11 pairs of legs, CAMEROON, Kounden, 05°42’ N, 010°40’ E, Eucalyptus

woodland, eoll. Fejeune, Jul.-Aug. 1974; 3 adults, IVORY COAST, Baneo, eoll. Remy, 20 Apr. 1950

(MRAC 7833).

European Journal of Taxonomy 32 : 1-28 ( 2012 )

Diagnosis

This species is characterised by the presence of many setae on the anterior part of the second tergite

(Fig. 11 A) and the cerci (Fig. IIB). Additional diagnostic features to distinguish this species from the

other one studied here - Ribautiella schoutedeni - are the shape of the head, 1.2 times as long as wide

(Fig. 11 A), the moderate size of the penultimate tergite, 0.6 times as long as the last one, the straighter

posterior margin of the last one (Fig. IIB), and the absence of striae on the terminal area of the cerci

(Fig. IIC).

Ribautiella schoutedeni Hinschberger, 1954

Fig. IID-F

Material examined

Type material

1 paratype, IVORY COAST, Niangbo, coll. Remy, (MRAC 7836); 3 paratypes, ANGOLA, 30 km N of

Vila-Luso, coll. Barros-Machado, Jan. 1949 (MRAC 6033).

Other material

3 adults and 1 juvenile with 11 pair of legs, CONGO D.R., Shaba, Lubumbashi, 11°40’ S, 027°28’ E,

coll. Goffinet G., Dec. 1969; 1 adult and 1 juvenile with 10 pairs of legs, CONGO D.R, RN.A., Secteur

Ruwenzori, Kibonbole riv., coll. Vanschuytbroeck R, 22 Aug. 1955.

Diagnosis

Diagnostic characters are the moderate number of setae on the anterior part of the second tergite, the

absence of setae on the triangular projections of the anterior tergites (Fig. IID) and the presence of

five striae on the terminal area of the cerci (Fig. IIF). Additional diagnostic features of this species

in contrast to R. zagnanadina are the narrower head - 1.5 as long as wide (Fig. IID) - and the larger

penultimate tergite - 0.8 times as long as the last one (Fig. HE).

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the MRAC for the access to the collection and research infrastructures.

Additional specimens for this study were made available by Jean-Jacques Geoffroy (MNHN, Raris).

Rudy Jocque (MRAC), Ulf Scheller and an anonymous reviewer provided numerous comments and ideas

which greatly increased the quality of the paper. Gerald Beatty kindly made linguistic corrections to the

manuscript. This work was supported by the European Commission’s (FR 7) Integrated Infrastructure

Initiative program SYNTHESYS (Be-TAF 359).

References

Allen R.T. 1998. First record of the genus Ribautiella Brolemann in the western hemisphere and key to

the species of the world (Symphyla: Scolopendrellidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society

106: 199-208.

Aubry J. & Masson C. 1952a. Contribution a Fetude de la faune endogee du Maroc. Symphyles. Bulletin

de la Societe des Sciences naturelles etphysiques du Maroc 32: 227-234.

Aubry J. & Masson C. 1952b. Contribution a la faune endogee de Madagascar. Symphyles. Memoires

de rinstitut Scientifique de Madagascar, serie A 8: 43-66.

Bagnall RS. 1913. On the classification of the order Symphyla. Journal of the Linnean Society {Zoology)

32: 195-199. http://dx.doi.Org/10.llll/i.1096-3642.1913.tb01775.x

DOMfNGUEZ CAMACHO M. & VANDENSPIEGEL D., Scolopendrellidae from the Afrotropics

Brolemaim H.W. 1926. Myriapodes recueillis en Afrique occidentale fran 9 aise par M. Eadministrateur

en chef E. Duboscq. Archives de zoologie experimentale et generale 65: 1-159.

Dethier M. 1998. Ea collection Delhez. 1. Catalogue provisoire. Bulletin des Chercheurs de la Wallonie

38: 33-76.

Dominguez Camacho, M. 2009. Phylogeny of the Symphyla. PhD Thesis, Freie Universitat Berlin.

http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/diss/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/FUDlSS_derivate_000000007088/

Edwards C.A.T. 1959. Keys to the genera of the Symphyla. Journal of the Linnean Society of London

(Zoology) 44: 164-169. http://dx.doi.Org/10.llll/i.1096-3642.1959.tb01603.x

Edwards C.A.T. & Belfield W. 1967. A new genus and species of Symphyla, Neosymphyla ghanensis,

with comments on Symphyla segmentation. Revue d’Ecologie et de Biologie du Sol 4: 517-521.

Grass! B. 1886. 1 progenitor! degli insetti e dei miriapodi: morfologia delle scolopendrelle. Memorie

della Reale Accademia delle scienze di Torino, 2"^ Series, 37: 593-624.

Hansen H.J. 1903. The genera and species of the order Symphyla. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical

Science M\ 1-101.

Hinschberger M.A. 1954. Symphyles d'Afrique tropicale. Publicagdes Culturais, Companhia de

Diamantes de Angola 23: 11-36.

Juberthie-Jupeau E. 1958. Contribution a Tetude des Symphyles de TAngola et du Congo Beige.

Publicagdes Culturais, Companhia de Diamantes de Angola 38: 93-98.

Juberthie-Jupeau E. 1961. Biospeleologica EXXX. Faune cavemicole et endogee de Tile de Minorque.

Mission H. Coiffait et P. Strinati (1958). 6. Symphyles de Minorque. Archives de zoologie experimentale

et generale 99: 273-276.

Jupeau E. 1954. Symphyles de Nosy-Be et la Reunion. Memoires de I Jnstitut Scientifique de Madagascar,

serieA9: 105-127.

Ribaut H. 1914. Myriapodes. 11. Symphyla. In\ Alluaud Ch. & Jeannel R. (eds) Voyage de Ch. Alluaud

et R. Jeannel en Afrique Orientale: 1911-1912. Resultats scientifiques: 39-48. Eibrairie Albert Schultz,

Paris.

RochaixB. 1955. Symphyles d'Afrique tropicale. Bulletin de TIFAN 17: 92-98.

Rochaix B. 1956. Contribution a Tetude des symphyles de Madagascar. Memoires de VInstitut

Scientifique de Madagascar 9: 105-127.

SchellerU. 1971. Symphyla from Ceylon and Peninsular India. E^/ 6 >m 6 >/ 6 >g/ca*S'ca^<i/> 2 av/ca, Supplement

1: 98-187.

Scheller U. 1978. The Pauropoda and Symphyla of the Geneva Museum V. A review of the Swiss

Scolopendrellidae (Myriapoda, Symphyla). Revue suisse de zoologie 85 (2): 247-263.

Scheller U. 2007. New records of Pauropoda and Symphyla (Myriapoda) from Brazil with description

of new species in Allopauropus, Hanseniella and Ribautiella from the northern Pantanal wetland and

from Mato Grosso of Brazil. Amazoniana 19: 63-75.

SchellerU. & Adis J. 1984. Anew species of Ribautiella (Myriapoda, Symphyla, Scolopendrellidae) from

an Amazonian black-water inundation forest and note on its natural history and ecology. Amazoniana

8: 299-310.

Silvestri F. 1902. Symphyla, Fascicolo XCVl. In\ Berlese A. (ed.) Acari, Myriapoda et Scorpiones

hucusque in Italia reperta. unpaginated. Padova.