Tas. 6009.

MUTISIA tticrro.ia.

Native of Chili.

Nat. Ord. Composira.—Tribe MoTIsSIE&.

Genus Motista, Linn. f.; (DC. Prodr., vol. vii. p. 4).

Moutista ilicifolia; glabra v. ramulis foliisque subtus araneoso-tomentosis,

caule scandente angulato v. alato alis spinulosis, foliis sessilibus

oblongo-cordatis truncatis v. 2-lobis spinoso-dentatis rigide coriaceis

cirrhiferis, pedunculis axillaribus 1-floris, involucri eylindracei bracteis

ovato-oblongis apice rotundatis muticis v. appendiculatis, v. infimis

ovato-lanceolatis spinescentibus interdum refractis, floribus radii 8-12

pallide roseis, ligula anguste lanceolata acuminata.

Murista ilicifolia, Cav. Ic., vol. v. p. 68, t. 493; DC. Prodr., vol. vii. p. 73

Hook. Bot. Mise., vol. i. p. 7, t.4; Paxton’s Magazine of Botany, vol. xv.

t. 101, cum ic.; Gay Flor. Chilen., vol. iii. p. 266.

M. ao Ruiz et Pav. Syst., p. 198; Less. in Linnea, 1830, p. 2714

M. auriculata, Less. ex Hook. et Arn. Comp. Bot. Mag., vol. i. p. 107.

M. latifolia, Don in Trans, Linn. Soc. vol. xvi. p. 270; Sweet Brit. Fl.

Gard., Ser. 2, t. 288.

M. Gayana, Remy in Gay Flor. Ghilen., vol. iii. p. 268; Walp. Ann.,

vol. i. p. 990.

M. Lechleri, Schultes Bipont. in Herb. Lechler.

; A charming gréen-house plant, introduced into England

im 1832, from Chili, where it appears to be common around

Valparaiso and elsewhere, climbing amongst bushes. Sweet

informs us it was then not uncommon in English collec-

tions, but rarely flowered, whence he recommended its cul-

tivation in the open border against a trellis. It next appeared

in Pawton’s Magazine, since which I find no notice of it till

October of last year, when my friend Mr. Wilson Saunders

sent me the specimen from which the accompanying draw-

ing was made. WM. ilicifolia is a very variable plant indeed,

JANUARY Ist, 1873.

as the numerous synonyms cited above show: it varies

especially in the stem being winged and spinous-toothed, or

wingless ; in the depth of the sinus at the base and apex of

the leaf, and in its under-surface being glabrous or clothed

with a white or brown cobwebby tomentum ; in the bracts of

the involucre being all rounded at the point, or some or all

terminated by a claw or foliaceous appendage, or the lower

of them being much produced, lanceolate pungent and

spreading or reflexed; and finally in the number and

breadth of the ray-flowers. A series of twenty-five native

specimens in the Herbarium displays all these variations,

graduating into one another.

Drscr. A climbing slender shrub, glabrous or with the

branches, peduncles, and leaves beneath clothed with cob-

webby tomentum. Leaves one to two inches long, spreading,

sessile oblong, deeply cordate or auricled at the base, tip trun-

cate or bifid or 2-lobed, margins spinous-toothed, rigidly

coriaceous bright green above, pale beneath, nerves reti-

culate ; cirrhus stout. Heads axillary, solitary, peduncled,

three inches in diameter. Jnvolucral bracts many-seriate,

very variable (as described above). Ray flowers eight to twelve,

pale pink or purplish; ray narrowly lanceolate, acuminate -

inner lip very small, 2-toothed. Disk-lowers with a short

revolute outer lip and smaller 2-partite revolute inner one.

Pappus hairs pilose.—J. D. H.

_ Fig. 1, Ray-flower ; 2, pappus-hair of the same; 3, disk-flower ; 4, one of

its pappus-hairs :—all magnified,

a imp

6010

Ss eee

Vincent Brooks Day & Se:

W Fitch del etJith

Tas. 6010.

AN DRYALA MOGADORENSIS.

Native of Marocco.

Nat. Ord. Compositrm.—Tribe CIcHORACES.

Genus Anpryaa, Linn.; (DC. Prodr., vol. vii. p. 245).

ANDRYALA mogadorensis ; fruticosa, robusta, tota dense albo-lanuginosa et

superne glanduloso-pilosa, foliis confertis sessilibus 4-amplexicaulibus

basi obtusjs cordatisve oblongis oblongo-spathulatis ovatis v. cordiformi-

bus obtusis v. apiculatis integerrimis v. sinuato-dentatis, infimis petio-

latis spathulatis, corymbis foliosis, involucri hemispherici bracteis basi

connatis subulato-lanceolatis acuminatis longe glanduloso-pilosis, ligulis

9-dentatis, receptaculo dense setoso.

ANDRYALA mogadorensis, Cosson in Herb. Balansa.

This beautiful undershrub forms snow-white masses on a

little rocky islet in the bay of Mogadore, on the Western

Marocco Coast, in lat. 314° N., and has hitherto been found

nowhere else. It was discovered by Balansa in 1868, and

gathered by Messrs. Maw, Ball, and myself there in May,

1871. Mr. Maw was so fortunate as to transmit a living plant

to his garden at Benthal Hall, Broseley, which flowered in the

following April, and is here figured.

The genus Andryala is chiefly a Mediterranean one, and

finds its south-western limit in Marocco and the Canary

Islands. Most of the species are herbs, with little to re-

commend them to the horticulturist, the present one being

considerably the most handsome of those known to me.

Escr. A small undershrub, one to two feet high, with

straggling habit, densely clothed with a thick snow-white

appressed tomentum, and the upper parts and inflorescence

especially covered with spreading black glandular _ hair.

Leaves crowded, very variable in size and shape, the radical

JANUARY Ist, 1873,

obovate-spathulate and contracted into a long petiole, together

four inches long; the cauline one to two inches long, sessile,

cordate or auricled at the base, ovate and concave, or oblong

and flat, or spathulate-oblong, quite entire or sinuate-toothed,

tip rounded, sometimes mucronate. Corymés leafy, terminating

the branches, with six to ten heads, of which one or two open

at atime. Heads shortly and stoutly pedicelled, one and a

half inches in diameter, golden-yellow. Jzvolucre hemisphe-

rical, densely glandular; bracts connate below, free portions

uniseriate or sub-biseriate, subulate-lanceolate, acuminate,

spreading, fringed with long glandular hairs. Legumes strap-

shaped, truncate, with five long acute teeth. Achenes small;

pappus hairs silvery white, slender, scabrid.—/. D. H.

Fig. 1, Radical leaf of the natural size; 2, outer floret; 3, style arms; 4

pappus hair :—all magnified.

GN eS ie gh tas

60)

rooks Day &Sou imp

Tas. 6011.

RHYN ‘CHANTHERA GRANDIFLORA.

Native of North Brazil and Guiana.

Nat. Ord. MELASTOMACES.—Tribe MICROLICIER.

Genus Ruyncnantuera, DC. ; (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 738).

RuyNcHANTHERA grandiflora; patentim pilosa, caule ramoso, ramis ramu-

lisque teretibus, foliis petiolatis ovato-cordatis acuminatis serrulatis

7-nerviis, paniculis terminalibus multifloris, bracteis foliaceis supremis

sessilibus, calycis tubo ovoideo, lobis subulatis, petalis elliptico-obovatis

acutis roseis, staminibus 10, uno maximo, quatuor mediocribus et

quinque minutis imperfectis.

Ruyncwantuera grandiflora, DC. Prodr., vol. iil. p. 107; Trina nm Trans.

Linn, Soc., vol. xxviii. p. 31.

R. monodynama, DC. L.c,

Ruexia grandiflora, Bonpl. Rhex., p. 26, t. 11.

Metastoma grandiflora, Aubl. Pl. uian., vol. i. p. 414, t. 160.

Ospecxt1a Aubletiana, Spreng. Syst. Veg., vol. ii. p. 311.

Apparently common in Eastern South America, north of

the tropic, being found from the Amazons to Demarara,

growing in moist savanahs, and attaining six feet in height.

It is a beautiful plant, easily grown, and well worthy of

cultivation, throwing out a profusion of its rose-coloured

flowers in the autumn months in England, and in November

and December in its native habitat. The single large stamen,

arching down over the four smaller ones, 1s @ very singular

feature of the flower; it probably contains pollen of a dif-

ferent potency from what the anthers of the others contain.

As in most Melastomacea, the style, though curved in the

same direction as the stamen, is also thrown back, so as to

remove the stigma far from the anthers. Tt would be very

interesting to know the significance of this arrangement,

JANUARY Ist, 1873,

which, no doubt, serves so to direct the visits of insects as

to insure cross fertilization.

R. grandiflora was sent to the Royal Gardens by Mr. Bull,

F.L.S., of Chelsea, who introduced it from Demarara.

Descr. An undershrub, five to six feet high, erect, much

branched, clothed more or less densely with rather stiff

spreading hairs. Stem and branches cylindric. Leaves two

to three inches long, broadly ovate-cordate, acuminate,

serrulate, 7-nerved, hairy on both surfaces, especially on

the nerves beneath, bright-green above, paler beneath, trans-

verse nerves slender; petiole variable in length, half to one

inch. Panicles six to ten inches long, lax, leafy, slender,

erect, branched ; bracts leafy, uppermost sessile and lanceo-

late. Flowers two inches in diameter ; pedicels short, slender.

Calyx one-third inch long, ovoid or urceolate, hispid; lobes

subulate or filiform. Petals elliptic-obovate, acute or apicu-

late, bright rose-coloured. Stamens sharply arched forward,

the dorsal much the largest, with a red filament, clavate con-

nective and yellow recurved beaked anther; four smaller

stamens not half the size; five smallest rudimentary. Style

slender, red.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1. Flower with petals removed; 2,

petal and rudimentary stamen :—

both magnified.

6012

a fataict OE ee re

Vincent Broaks Day & Son inp

Witch,del et ith.

Tas, 6012.

MERENDERA Arrtcuaisont.

Native of the Panjab.

Nat. Ord. MeLantuacex.—Tribe CoLcnicea.

Genus Merennrra, Raymond.—Butsocoprum § MERENDERA;

(Endl. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 187).

Mrrenvera Aitchisoni ; cormo ampulleformi uno latere obtuse carinato basi

contracto oblique in discum producto, disco truncato facie inferiore

radices emittente, tunicis pallide flavo-brunneis, collo elongato, vagina

membranacea, foliis anguste linearibus acutis 1-poll. latis concavis,

flore 13-poll. diam., perianthii pallide lilacini lamina ungue gracili bre-

viore lanceolata dorgo basin versus carinata, antheris virescentibus.

Buxsocopium, Sp., Aitchison, Cat. Plants Punjab § Sindh. p. 151.

_ The genus Merendera, regarded by some, and perhaps

rightly, as a division of Bulbocodium, has been hitherto sup-

posed to find its Eastern limits in Persia, where JZ. caucasica,

w Species very clearly allied to the present, has been collected

by Kotschy - The genus was first detected east of the con-

necting ranges of our Indian possessions by Major Vicary,

who, about twenty years ago, sent to Sir W. Hooker frag-

ments of a species which I suppose to be identical with this,

from the Mar-gulla Pass of the Salt range in the Panjab.

More recently it has been found near Jhelum, in the same

district, by Dr. Aitchison, F.L.S., an ardent botanist, and

author of avery valuable catalogue of the plants of the Panjab,

We. During last summer Dr. Aitchison sent bulbs to Kew,

which flowered in November of the present year, and are here

figured.

As a species there is little at first sight to distinguish the

M. Aitchisoni from VM caucasica, which extends from Persia

eastward to Asia Minor, and from the tropical African JZ.

JANUARY Isr, 1873,

abyssynica, A. Rich. (M. longispatha, Hochst, and JZ. Schim-

periana, Hochst), except the very pale colour of the tunic of

the corm, a character not likely to vary; to which others

would probably be added could living specimens be compared.

The flowers are fragrant.

Descr. Corm one and a half inches long, flaggon-shaped,

with a long neck, compressed and obtusely keeled on one side;

base contracted and produced into an oblique sublateral disk,

that roots from its under-surface ; tunic a very pale chestnut

brown colour. Sheath short, scarious, mouth obliquely trun-

cate. Leaves one to two inches long whilst the plant is

flowering, about one-sixth inch broad, acute, concave, dark-

green, rather fleshy, lengthening to six and eight inches when

the plant is in fruit. ower one and a half to two inches in

diameter, pale lilac, funnel-shaped ; perianth segments with a

very slender claw and lanceolate obtuse blade, which is keeled

at the back towards the base, keel pale reddish. Filaments

inserted at the base of the blade, subulate, equalling the

linear obtuse greenish anther. Ovary narrow; styles quite

free, filiform.— J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Scape and ovary ; 2, perianth-segment and stamen:—both magnified.

sek 4s

rae

eee

W Fitch del et lith. Vincent. Bro ‘e

cent, Brooks Day & Son up

Te” Le

Tas. 6013.

DENDROBIUM HooKERIANUM.

Native of Assam and Sikkim.

Nat. Ord. Oncnipem.—Tribe MaLaxipez § DenpRoBIEX.

Genus Denprosium, Swartz ; (Lindl. Gen. § Sp. of Orchid., p. 24).

Denprosium (Holochrysa) Hookerianum ; caulibus fasciculatis foliosis, foliis

oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis nervosis, racemis axillaribus paucifloris,

bracteis minutis, floribus amplis aureis, sepalis petalisque conformibus

oblongis acutis integerrimis, labello late orbiculato-cordato velutino

profunde fimbriato, fimbriis barbellatis, intus basin versus maculis

2 purpureis ornato, ungue convoluto intus calloso, mento conico apice

rotundato.

DeEnprosium Hookerianum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond., 1859, vol. iii.

p- 8.

D. chrysotis, Reich. fil. in Gard. Chron., 1870, p. 1311.

T am indebted to Mr. F. W. Burbridge, formerly of Kew,

and now of the Fairfield N urseries, for the opportunity of

figuring this, which is the largest flowered and freest

owering species of the section to which it belongs. Mr.

Burbridge describes it as growing vigorously in a Cattleya-

house, flowering in September and October, and being

especially valuable as a decorative plant, because of the habit

(previously noticed by Dr. Masters, in Zhe Gardener's Chronicle)

of flowering synchronously with the foliage, which is abundant

and of a lively green. A specimen grown by Mr. Petch, the

gardener at Manley Hall, near Manchester, produced at one

time twenty-five racemes, with as many as nine flowers on a

raceme, and this ona single plant.

Dendrobium Hookerianum is stated to come from Assam,

which 18 very possible, as I discovered it in the neighbouring

Province of Sikkim in 1848, growing on trees in hot valleys,

at an elevation of 1-5000 feet above the sea. In an excellent

JANUARY Ist, 1873,

drawing of it which I possess, made by a native artist, the stems

are figured as thick as the little finger, and the numerous

racemes are only 3-4-flowered, but each flower is upwards of

four inches in diameter. It is very closely allied to D.

fimbriatum, Wall. a native of the adjoining province of Nipal,

but differs in the much larger size, in flowering on the leafy

stems, in the quite entire (not toothed) margins of the sepals

and petals, andin the double blotch on the lip.

Duscr. Stems tufted, two to three feet long, grooved, green

or purplish. eaves distichous, three to five inches long,

oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, recurved. Racemes borne on

the leafing stems, shortly peduncled, 3—-9-flowered, spreading ;

peduncle and pedicels slender, green ; bracts small, appressed.

Ovary slender. Perianth three to four inches in diameter,

golden-yellow, with two red-purple blotches on the disk of

the hp. Sepals and petals equal and similar, spreading,

oblong, acute, margins quite entire. Zip with a convolute

claw and almost circular or more or less ovate or cordate

repanded limb, which is velvetty on the surface and deeply

cut along the edge into equal and equidistant bearded fringes

nearly half an inch long ; callus oblong, adnate to the clavy

and concealed by its convolute margins; mentum conical,

rounded at the apex.—J. D. H.

Tas. 6014,

VRIESIA BRACHYSTACHYS.

Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. BromeLiace&.—Tribe TILLANDSIEz.

Genus Vriesta (Lindl. in Bot. Mag., t. 4382).

Vriesta brachystachys; glabra, foliis e basi lata late loriformibus acutis re-

curvis concavis integerrimis viridibus, scapo rubro foliis longiore,

vaginis acutis appressis, spica ovato-oblonga lata valde compressa dis-

ticha, bracteis 1-floris basi imbricatis fere horizontalibus falcato-

lanceolatis acuminatis compressis infra medium rubris dein viridibus,

floribus bracteis excedentibus flavis elongatis 3-gonis, perianthii laciniis

exterioribus coriaceis carinatis lineari-oblongis obtusis, interioribus ‘in

tubum apice 6-fidum apicibus viridibus coherentibus, squamis ad basin

tubi perianthii oblongis obtusis.

Varigsia brachystachys, Regel in Gartenflora, 1866, p. 258, t. 518.

A very brilliant stove plant, first made known by Dr.

Regel, from a specimen received at the Imperial Gardens of

St. Petersburgh, from Messrs. Booth and Sons, of Hamburgh,

about ten years ago, when, however, its native country was

unknown. This, however, we have ascertained to be Brazil,

through specimens collected in that country by Dr. Burchell,

who gathered them in the province of S. Paolo.

_ The spike in both Regel’s figure and Burchell’s specimens

is very small indeed (not two inches long), compared with

that represented in our plate, which is a faithful representa-

tion of a specimen which flowered in Mr. Rucker’s establish-

ment at Wandsworth in November of last year. The sta-

mens are much longer too than those represented in the

Gartenflora; but this is probably due to imperfect develop-

ment of the latter. The genus Vriesia has been reduced to

Tillandsia, from the typical species of which the present plant

differs in the form of the inner perianth segments, which are

not spirally convolute in age.

Duscr. Stem at the base, as clothed with the leaves, one

JANUARY lst, 1873.

and a half inches in diameter. Leaves four to six inches long

by one to one and a half inches broad, spreading and _ re-

curved, pale rather glaucous green on both surfaces, mem-

branous, broadly strap-shaped from a dilated sheathing base,

tip rounded with a mucro, or acute, faintly striate. Scape six

inches long, stout, cylindric, scarlet, clothed with small ap-

pressed erect sheaths, with green tips, the lower of which are

acute and the upper elongate and acuminate. Spike five

inches long by four inches broad, broadly ovate, distichous,

very much compressed, rachis scarlet. Bracts closely imbri-

cating at the base, nearly horizontal, two inches long, lanceo-

late with acuminate incurved points, laterally much com-

pressed, 1-flowered, green beyond the middle, scarlet below

it. Mowers projecting half an inch beyond the bracts, elon-

gate, bluntly trigonous; ovary oblong. Perianth pale yellow,

outer segments linear-oblong, coriaceous, keeled, rounded at

the tips; inner, twice as long as the outer, cohering nearly

to the tips, which are dark green. Scales within the

base of the perianth oblong, obtuse. Filaments filiform ;

anthers linear, yellow, their tips exserted. S¥yle thickened

at the base, flexuous; stigmas 3, short. Capsule (in dried

specimen) trigonous, valves rigid pungent, back deepl

wrinkled.—J. D. H. — get ae

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, style and sti

gmas; 3, segment of inner perianth, stamen

and scales :—all magnified. es zh :

ai ate atm nenite

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ROYAL BOTANIC SOCIETY OF LONDON.

GARDENS, REGENT’S PARK.

ARRANGEMENTS FOR 1873.

Sprine Exursitions, March 26 ; April 23.

Summer Exuisrrions, May 14, 15 ; June 11, 12,

Sprcran Day anp Evewrine Fers, July 9.

PromENapEs every Wednesday at 3.30 P.M. in May, June, and July, except

Exhibition Days.

_ Lectunss, Fridays in May, June, and J uly, at four o’clock.

Gardens open on Sundays and Exhibition Days at two o’clock, other days

nine o'clock.

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.

SOUTH KENSINGTON, W. ~

MEETINGS IN 1873.

February 12, June 4, 5, 18. October 1.

March 5, 19, 20, July 2, 16, 17. November 5, 6.

April 2, 16. August 6, 20, December 3.

May 7, 8, 21. September 3, 17.

Mr. Wm. Paul’s show of Roses, May 3 to 10, inclusive,

Mr. Anthony Waterer’s great show of Rhododendrons in June.

Sot Show to be held in the Royal Victoria Park, Bath, June 24, 25, 26, 27,

and 28,

BOTANICAL PLAT ES:

oR,

PLANT PORTRAITS.

IN GREAT VARIETY, BEAUTIFULLY COLOURED, 6d. EACH.

L. Rezve & Co., 5, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden.

“THE GARDEN,”

A Weekly Illustrated Journal devoted solely to Horticulture in all its

ranches, :

‘THE GARDEN is conducted by WrttiaM Rosinson,

-L.S., Author of ‘ Hardy Flowers,” ‘‘ Alpine Flowers for English Gar-

dens,” “The Parks, Promenades, and Gardens of Paris,” &c., and the best

Writers in every department of Gardening are contributors to its pages.

The following are some of the subjects regularly treated of in its pages :—

The Flower Garden. sae Hardy Flowers,

Landscape Gardening, Town Gardens, »

The Fruit Garden. The Conservatory,

Garden Structures. _ Public Gardens.

Room and Window Gardens, The Greenhouse and

Notes and Questions, The Household.

Market Gardening, The Wild Garden,

% Trees and Shrubs. The Kitchen ,

Tae Garpen may be obtained through all Newsagents and at the Railway

Bookstalls, at 4d. per copy. It may also be had direct from the Office at 5s. for

& Quarter, 9s, 9d. for a Half-year, and 19s. 6d. for a Year, payable in advance ;

and in Monthly Parts. Specimen Copies (post free) 44d.

37, Southampton Street, Covent Garden, W.C,

Now REAvy, Demy 8vo, with four double Coloured

Plates, eight Plain Plates and Wood Engravings,

price 10s. 6d,

HARVESTING ANTS

AND

TRAP-DOOR SPIDERS.

NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS ON THEIR

Habits and Dwellings.

J. TRAHERNE MOGGRIDGE, F.LS.

. ~ -“ONDON : a

L. REEVE & CO., 5, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.

- 1873. |

In the first part of this work the Author shows that certain

South-European Ants do employ grain and seeds as food, and are

possessed of the provident habits attributed to them by the Ancients

but denied by some of the most able naturalists of modern times.

The manner in which these ants cut, carry, and store their

harvest, and treat sprouted seeds, as also the structure of their

granaries and passages, sometimes excavated in the solid sand-

stone rock, with many other details, will be found illustrated and

described here.

The second part contains an account of what is known of the

habits and economy of the Trap-door Spiders, the explanations

being accompanied by plates and woodcuts.

Those who have, up to the present time, described the dwel-

lings of these spiders, speak only of a single, cylindrical burrow,

lined with silk and closed at the mouth by a hinged door which

lies level with, and is made to resemble, the surface of the earth.

‘Two new types of nest, found in the Riviera, are now added,

and in these, besides the surface door, a second subterranean

door is present, placed a short way down the tube, and this the

spider closes in the face of any intruder who may have entered

the nest. One of these double-door nests is branched, the other

unbranched.

It is hoped that the present publication may serve to show

that the field of observation afforded by the habits of living

creatures is one which lies invitingly open to all true lovers of

nature, and may still be explored with good hopes of making new

and interesting discoveries,

LONDON ;

L. REEVE & CO., 5, HENRIETTA ST., COVENT GARDEN, W.C.

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BELLIS ROTUNDIFOLIA, VAR. C@3RULESCENS.

Native of Marocco.

Nat. Ord. Composira.—Tribe AsTEROIDES.

Genus Beis, Linn.; (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. ii. p. 265.)

BELL Is rotundifolia ; perennis, foliis gracile petiolatis late ovatis orbiculatisve

apice rotundatis sinuato-dentatis 3-nerviis appresse pilosis, scapo gracili :

pubescente, capitulo 3-11 poll. diam., involucri bracteis pubescentibus

v. hirsutis subeequalibus, corollis radii albis v. azureis discique basin

versus pilosulis, acheniis epapposis marginibus ciliatis.

BELLIs rotundifolia, Boiss. et Reut. Pugill. Pl. Nov. Alger. et Hisp., p- 55, —

excl. syn.; Wilkomm et Lange Prodr. Fl. Hisp., vol. ii. p. 82,

excl. syn,

Var. c@rulescens, corollis radii azureis, Bellis cwrulescens, Coss. Mss. in —

Herb, Balansa.

The Blue Daisy is one of the commonest spring flowers in

various parts of Marocco, abounding in fields with a rich soil

on the hills near Tangier, and occurring in great profusion by

the water-courses of the valleys of the Greater Atlas in lat. 31°,

at elevations of 4000 to 11,000 feet. In the low country

between Tangier and the Atlas, as at Mazagan, Casa Blanca, —

Mogador, and the base of the Atlas, it was not found.

Specimens brought by Mr. Maw and myself flowered both at

Brosely and Kew, in May and September respectively ; of

these Mr. Maw’s (here figured) were by far the most luxu-

niant, the specimen being twice as large as any gathered by

myself in Marocco, and more glabrous. A pot-full of this 3

Species in flower presents a most beautiful appearance, from

the delicate azure hue of the ray-flowers.

Bellis rotundifolia was first described from specimens col-

1 by its discoverers, Messrs. Boissier and Reuter, in

Oran, the westernmost province of Algeria (that adjoining

FEBRUARY Isr, 1873.

Marocco), in 1849, where it has since again been gathered by

Balansa in 1852, and by Bourgeau in 1856. It was supposed

by its discoverer to be the same as Bellium rotundifolium,

Desfontaine (Flor. Atlant., vol. ii. p. 279, t. 235, f. 1), which

is, however, a very different plant, with an obvious pappus,

described in De Candolle’s Prodromus as consisting of five

palee alternating with as many bristles. The original form

of Bellis rotundifolia has white flowers, and is common in

Marocco; the blue variety of it was first found by M.

Balansa, during his adventurous journey in Marocco in

1867.

Descr. oot perennial. Leaves more or less pubescent,

sometimes covered with scattered appressed hairs, at others

more tomentose; petiole slender, one to three inches long ;

blade three-quarters to one and a quarter inches long, ovate

orbicular or subcordate, sinuate-toothed, 3-nerved. Scape

slender, much exceeding the leaves. Heads three-quarters to

one and a quarter inches in diameter, quite resembling those

of the common daisy, but with fewer often broader ray-tlowers,

which vary from white to pale blue—J. D. H.

: Fig. 1, Flower of ray; 2, flower of disk ; 3, style-arms of ray flower; 4,

ditto of disk flower :—all magnified.

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EKLLEANTHUS xanruHocomus.

Native of Peru.

Nat. Ord. Orcuiprm.—Tribe PLEUROTHALLEA.

Genus Evteantuvs, Presl.; (Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann., vol. vi. 472.)

ELLEANTHUS sxanthocomus ; caulibus simplicibus, vaginis asperulis, foliis

lanceolatis acuminatis summi vagina ampliata, racemo suberecto v. in-

clinato, bracteis scariosis e basi ovata subulato-acuminatis nervosis

flavis inferioribus flores citrinos superantibus, ovario sepalisque ovato-~

oblongis obtuse carinatis papillosis, petalis obtusiusculis, labello obovato

medio constricto marginibus involutis ultra medium dilatato laminaque

parva apicali transverse oblonga 2-loba ciliato-dentatis, callis geminis

elongatis ovatis a basi in medium Iabelli productis, carinis semi-lunatis

transversis versus apicem ante-positis, columna utrinque angulata alis

superne vix dilatatis. |

ELLEANTHUS xanthocomus, Reichb. f. in litt. ad Wilson Saunders.

Professor H. Reichenbach has identified the well-known

genus Hvelyna with the previously published Hi/eanthus ot

Presl., who originally established it under this name in the

“ Reliquie Henkeanw,” published in 1836, or five years

before Evelyna was founded by Peeppig and Endlicher, in

honour of the accomplished English dendrologist and author,

John Evelyn; to whom the dedication of another genus

more emblematic of his pursuits is most justly due.

Elleanthus wanthocomus was described by Dr. Reichenbach

from specimens reared by W. Wilson Saunders, F.HS.,

which were exhibited in May 1872, at the Royal Horticul-

tural Society, and were received from Peru by Major Trevor

Clarke, FHS, :

_ The description given above is drawn up by the aid of one

kindly communicated by Dr. Reichenbach, who made careful

notes and observations on the figure of the calli, &., in the

lip, which are not represented in the accompanying drawing.

FEBRUARY Ist, 1873,

Drscr. Stems ten to twelve inches high, simple, erect,

slender. Skheaths rough, the lower cylindric, the upper

slightly inflated. Leaves suberect, five to seven inches long,

lanceolate, acuminate, about 10-nerved besides the midrib,

margins recurved, much contracted at the base, deep green

above, paler beneath. Spike suberect or inclined, dense, two

to three inches long, ovoid, shortly peduncled, many-flowered.

Bracts yellow, tinged with green; lower one inch long,

exceeding the flower, subulate-lanceolate from an ovate base ;

upper shorter, ovate, acuminate. owers crowded, bright

yellow, sessile, half an inch long. Ovary short, papillose.

Perianth closed. Sepals papillose, ovate-oblong, subacute,

obtusely keeled. Petals as long, oblong, obtusely apiculate.

Jip with the tip exserted, obovate or oblong, and panduriform

from being contracted in the middle, margins strongly in-

curved ; terminal lobe small, tranversely oblong, 2-lobed,

margins and those of the outer end of the basal part of the

lip erose and ciliate. Calli on the sides of the lip semi-

lunar. Column scarcely dilated above.-—/. D. H.

Fig. 1. Flower; 2, side, and 3, front view of lip; 4, column :—all magnisied.

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ALSOMITRA SARCOPHYLLA.

Native of Burma and Siam.

Nat. Ord. CucursiraceEm.—Tribe ZANONIER.

Genus AtsomiTRA, Roem. ; (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 840.)

ALSOMITRA sarcophylla ; frutex scandens, ramosissimus, glaberrimus, foliis

crasse carnosis breviter petiolatis 3-foliolatis, foliolis breviter petiolulatis

ovatis v. elliptico- v. oblongo-ovatis obtusis integerrimis 3-nerviis

medio sulcatis, cirrhis simplicibus, paniculis terminalibus et axillaribus :

multifloris, floribus parvis, sepalis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis corolle

lobis elliptico-ovatis acutis dimidio minoribus, staminibus par 8 eo

_ curvis; “fl. 2 perianthio ut in g, ovario clavato, stylis 3-4 brevibus.

conicis carnosis stigmatibus semilunaribus” (Wall.), fructu cylindraceo

truncato, seminibus compressis testa muricata, ala oblonga hyalina.

ALsomITRA sarcophylla, Hook. f. in Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., 1, ¢.

ZANONIA sarcophylla, Wall. Plant. As. Rar., vol. ii. p. 28, t. 183.

A singular climbing Evergreen plant, one of a small ano-

malous tribe of Cucurbitacee, which is distinguished by its

five stamens, 1-celled anthers and ovary, and very curious

fruit, which is almost cylindric, and opens by a tricrural slit

at the truncate top. It is a stove-plant, and has remarkably

fleshy bright green foliage, which is admirably adapted for

decorative purposes, keeping fresh for a very long time, even

without water. The flowers, which are individually insig-

nificant, are produced in immense abundance. This plant 1s

moreover recommendable from being very free from the

attacks of scale and the other insect-pests of the hothouse.

It is a native of forests in Burma and Siam, abounding n

arid, sterile, and exposed situations along the banks of the

Irrawaddy river, where it was discovered by Dr. Wallich in

1826, flowering in the month of November. Our plants

were sent from the Calcutta Botanic Garden by the

FEBRUARY Ist, 1873,

late Dr. Anderson about eight years ago, and flowered for

the first time in November 1872. |

Duscr. A lofty climber, perfectly glabrous everywhere.

Stem very slender, copiously branched ; branches cylindric,

pendulous. Leaves alternate, 3-foliolate, petiole very short,

thick ; leaflets two to three inches long, elliptic-ovate or

oblong, or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or apiculate, quite entire,

very fleshy, one-tenth of an inch in thickness, bright green,

and obscurely 3-nerved above, channelled down the middle,

paler and reticulated beneath; petiolules about as long as

the petiole. Zendrils quite simple. Panicles slender, axillary

and terminal, pendulous, many-flowered, greenish-yellow.

lowers dicecious, shortly pedicelled, ebracteolate, one-third of

an inch in diameter, very pale straw-coloured. Sepals ovate-

oblong, acuminate, half as large as the rotate corolla, whose

segments are elliptic-ovate and apiculate. Stamens small,

recurved; anthers small, adnate, l-celled. “ Ovary club-

shaped, 1-celled, many-ovuled ; ovules parietal ; styles three

to four, short, conic, stigmas semilunar.”— Wall. “Fruit two

inches long, subcylindric, obtusely 3-gonous, smooth, nar-

rowed at the base into the pedicel. ‘Seeds compressed ; nucleus

obovate ; testa black, muricate ; wing oblong, obtuse, hyaline.

—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Male flower; 2, the same,

4, ripe fruit:—natural size ; 5, ripe se

Figs. 4—7 are taken from Herbariu

laid open; 3, stamen:—all magnified ;

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BRACHYOTUM CONFERTUM.

Native of the Andes of Peru and Ecuador.

Nat. Ord. MreLAsToMACEm.—Tribe OsBECKIES.

Genus, Bracurotum, Triana ; (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 743.)

Bracnyorum confertum ; frutex erectus, ramossissimus, setoso-hirtulus, foliis

parvis petiolatis oblongis ovatisve acutis v. obtusis marginibus revolutis

utrinque subappresse setulosis 3-nerviis, floribus pollicaribus termi-

nalibus solitariis breviter pedicellatis pendulis basi 6-bracteatis, bracteis

2 foliaceis patentibus ceteris surborbiculatis cucullatis appressis, calycis

segmentis late ovatis obtusis ovarioque sericeo-pilosis, corolla tubuloso-

campanulata, petalis saturate purpureis oblique late obcordatis ciliofatis,

antheris recurvis basi breviter appendiculatis, ovario libero, capsula apice

obtuse 5-dentata.

Bracuyotum confertum, Naud. in Trans. Linn. Soc., vol. xxviii. p. 49.

CHETOGASTRA conferta, DC. Prodr., vol. iii. p. 185; Naud. in Ann. Se. Nat.

Ser. 3, vol. xiv. p. 186; Jameson Synops. Plant. Equit., vol. i. p. 228.

RuEX1A conferta; Bonpl. Rhex., t. 20.

A very singular and beautiful Melastomaceous shrub,

abundant on the Andes of Ecuador and Peru, where it must

form a very conspicuous and attractive feature in the land- -

Scape. It was introduced by our friend Professor Jameson,

late of Quito, who transmitted seeds from hills near Cuenca

to Isaac Anderson Henry, Esq., of Trinity, Edinburgh,

who raised the plant and flowered it profusely in a green-

house, when eighteen inches high, in November last. We

have herbarium specimens gathered in the Chachapoyas

province of Peru by Matthews, and at Loja and Cuenca,

both in Ecuador, by Seemann and Jameson. It was dis-

covered by Humboldt and Bonpland in the beginning of the

century. The figure in Bonpland’s “ Melastomacee” is most

unsatisfactory, and evidently coloured from a dried specimen

or description.

FEBRUARY Ist, 1873.

Desor. An erect dush, very much branched; branches

suberect, cylindric, upper clothed with spreading rigid

flexuous bristles, which are variable in quantity and length,

being much softest and sparsest in the cultivated specimens.

Leaves crowded, shortly petioled, a quarter to one-third of an

inch long, coriaceous, ovate or oblong, obtuse or acute,

margins revolute, clothed above and beneath with sub-

appressed bristles, nerves one on each side the very stout

midrib. Mowers solitary, terminal, shortly pedicelled, pen-

dulous, together with the bracts upwards of an inch long,

each with two opposite spreading leaf-like bracts, and four

decussating orbicular concave coriaceous appressed ones, the

inner of which reach the base of the calyx-lobes, all as well

as the calyx clothed with appressed rather silky bristles; the

four inner bracts are pale yellow-green, the outer pair sul-

fused with red. Calyx-tube broadly ovoid, lobes five, large,

broadly ovate, concave. Corol/a tubular, deep violet-purple.

Petals broadly obliquely obcordate, ciliate, convolute.

Stamens included, filaments short; anthers linear, with

short basal appendages. Ovary free, appressed, strigose,

5-celled, 5-angled, with five obtuse terminal auricles.—

fDi. )

Fig. 1. Leaf; 2, petal; 8, calyx and stamen; 4, vertical section of ditto;

5, stamen :—all magnified.

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ZINGIBER PARISHII.

Native of Moulmein.

Nat. Ord. Scrraminex.—Tribe ZINGIBERR.

Genus Zincieer, Gertn. ; (Endlicher Gen. Plant., vol. i. p- 222.)

Zincrwer Parishii ; fere glaberrima, caule foliato gracili 3-pedali, foliorum

lamina 4-7-pollicari elliptico-lanceolata acuta in petiolum brevem

angustata, subtus sparse appresse pilosa, scapo robusto vaginato, vaginis _

viridibus obtusis, spica 4-6-pollicari cylindraceo-subclavata, bracteis

ad 20 erecto-patentibus imbricatis late obovatis cucullatis obtusis v.

retusis vy. truneatis viridibus marginibus rubris incurvis, ovario brevi,

perianthio externo tubuloso obtuse 3-lobo interiore dimidio breviore,

interioris tubo 1j-pollicari gracili, segmentis albis dorsali oblongo

obtuso fornicato, 2 lateralibus exterioribus longioribus dependentibus

lineari-oblongis subacutis, 2 interioribus brevibus late oblongis obtusis.

labello Segmentis exterioribus breviore obovato obtuso. venis pallide

fusco-purpureis tessellatim reticulato, staminodiis linearibus, anthera

lanceolata in rostrum acuminatum loculis equilongum producta.

A very handsome species of a large and little known Indian

genus, which can be satisfactorily illustrated by drawings

only. It was discovered by our indefatigable correspondent,

the Rev. C. Parish, in Moulmein, and roots were transmitted

by him to Kew, which flowered for the first time upwards of

ten years ago. ‘The specimen here figured, also received from

Mr. Parish, flowered in July, 1872, in the same month as

the previous specimen had.

Descr. Roots fascicled on creeping rhizomes. Leajing

stems three feet high, as thick as a swan’s quill, almost

cylindric. Leaves with a glabrous terete sheath, short green

obtuse auricles, and an elliptic-oblong or lanceolate-acute

e, four to six inches long, which is dark green above,

paler beneath, and there sparingly clothed with appressed

FEBRUARY Isr, 1873.

hairs ; at the base they are contracted into a short petiole.

Scape stout, three to four inches high, clothed with obtuse

green obtusely keeled striated sheaths, the upper of which

are acute and margined with red. Spzkes four to six inches

long, cylindric, rather broader upwards. Bracts closely im-

bricated, erecto-patent, three-quarters of an inch in diameter,

cucullate, green with broad scarlet margins, retuse or trun-

cate, or obtusely apiculate. //owers one inch long, pale straw-

coloured, the lip reticulated in squares with brown-purple

veins. Ovary short. Outer perianth tubular, with three short

rounded lobes half as long as the tube of the inner perianth,

which is one and a half inches long. Dorsal segment hooded,

arched, linear-oblong, subacute ; outer lateral recurved, linear-

oblong acute ; inner lateral much shorter, truncate or rounded

at the tip. zp obovate, much shorter than the outer lateral

segments. Sfaminodes linear, obtuse. Anther linear-oblong

produced into an erect subulate beak as long as itself. Stigma

of two small ciliate lobes.—J. D, H.

Fig. 1. Flowers; 2, anther; 3, stigma; 4, ovary and staminodes :—all

magnified,

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COTY LEDON MAMILLA RIS.

Native of Namaqualand.

Nat. Ord. CrRAssuLACER.

Genus CoryLepon, Linn. ; (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. ii. p. 659.)

CoryLEepon mamillaris ; glaberrima, caule crasso elongato parce ramoso

ramis paucis pallide rufis apicibus decurvis laxe foliosis, foliis crassis

laxis horizontalibus fusiformibus teretibus acutis glaucis basi in

petiolum crassum brevem cylindraceum contractis levibus, spica termi-

nali elongata pendula simplici rachi cylindracea fusco-rubra, fioribus

2-Pollicaribus in fasciculos 8-floros sparsos dispositis horizontaliter

divaricatis, bracteolis minutis, | calyce parvo viridi hemispherico

5-dentato, corolla rubro-purpurea tubo elongato 5-gono angulis cos-

tatis, limbo parvo patenti-recurvo breviter 5-lobo, lobis saturate

rubris undulatis caudato-acuminatis, squamulis minutis orbiculatis

emarginatis, ovariis angustis,

CorrLepon mamillaris, Linn. f. Suppl., p. 242; Thunb. Flor. Cap., p. 397 ;

DC. Prodr., vol. iii. p, 898; Harv. and Sond. Flor, Cap., vol. iii. p. 377.

C. filicaulis, Eckl. and Zeyh, jid. Harv., lc.

A native of the arid western districts of the Cape region,

which contains so many of the most peculiar forms of South

African vegetation, and whence the dry stoves of our grand-

fathers were supplied with the majority of those curious, in-

teresting, and often singularly beautiful succulents that are

now all but banished from cultivation. Of the genus Cotyle-

don there are three-and-twenty South African species alone

described in Harvey’s and Sonder’s Flora, of which twelve

were in 1811 cultivated at Kew, where there are now

eighteen.

Descr. Quite glabrous. Stem one to two feet high

(branched, creeping and rooting, according to Thunberg),

ascending in our Specimen, and sparingly branched, pale red-

brown, as thick as the middle finger, fleshy, covered with the

_ FEBRUARY Ist, 1873,

prominent scars of fallen leaves, tips decurved. Leaves scat

tered, two to two and a half inches long, horizontal or ascend-

ing, spindle-shaped, pointed, contracted at the base into a

short, stout, swollen petiole, quite cylindric on a transverse

section, succulent, terete, quite smooth, pale, very glaucous

green, nerveless. Spike a foot long, terminal, slender, pen-

dulous ; peduncle and rachis dark chestnut-brown, cylindric.

Flowers two-thirds of an inch long, in scattered fascicles of

three, spreading horizontally from the rachis and divaricating

from one another, quite sessile. Calyx green, hemispheric,

with two minute bracts at the base, shortly 5-toothed.

Corolla-tube dull red-brown, half an inch long, tubular, with

5-ribbed angles, contracted at the mouth; limb dull red-

brown, a quarter of an inch in diameter, spreading and

reflexed, 5-lobed ; lobes shallow, undulate, with a long subu-

late point. Scales minute, orbicular, notched. Ovaries long,

slender.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Whole plant :—diminished ; 2, flower and bracts on portion of

rachis; 3, flower removed; 4, ovaries and scales :—all magnified.

COLONIAL AND FOREIGN FLORAS.

Now Ready, Part X., completing the Work, price 25s.

Flora Vitiensis; a Description of the Plants of the

Viti or Fiji Islands, with an Account of their History, Uses, and Properties.

By Dr. BertHoup Seemann, F.L.S. Royal 4to, Part I. to IX. Each, with 10

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Flora Capensis; a Systematic Description of the

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The French Varieties of Gandavensis, mostly Souchet’s raising.

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NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS ON THEIR

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J. TRAHERNE MOGGRIDGE, F.LS.

LONDON :

L. REEVE & CO,, 5, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.

1873.

6027

CETTE Eo

toh del et lith

Ol hip

Vincent Brooks Day &

Tas. 6021,

PHILODENDRON ruses.

Native of Venezuela and Trinidad.

Nat. Ord. Aroinex.—Tribe PHiLopENpRER.

Genus Puiopenpron, Schott ; (Prodr. Syst. Aroid., p. 219.)

Puttopznpron rubens; candice robusto suberecto, vaginis stipuleformibus

amplis ovato-lanceolatis pallide roseis membranaceis persistentibus,

foliis ovato-cordatis hastatisve acuminatis coriaceis basi profunde 2-lobis

lobis obtusis sinu lato v. angusto, venis in lobis ad 6, posticis breviter

denudatis,petiolo gracili cylindraceo elongato superne undulato-asperatis,

pedunculo brevi, spatha 6-8-pollicari extus albo-virescente intus

amoene rubro-purpurascente, lamina tubo oblongo-ovoideo paulo ven-

tricoso sesquilongiore erecta naviculari sensim in cuspidem conicum

erectam angustata, spadice spatha breviore v. subeequante, parte foeminea

constricta tertiam v. quartam partem occupante, ovariis 3-4-locularibus

multi-ovulatis, stigmatibus majusculis.

PuILODENDRON rubens, Schott, Synops. Aroid., p. 84; Prodr. Aroid., p. 245.”

T refer this magnificent Aroid to Schott’s P. rubens with

little doubt, though it differs from his description in the

length of the spadix, which he describes as being much

shorter than the spathe, whilst in the Kew plant it equals

the spathe in length. In all other respects the plants

accord so well that it is not likely they should specifically

differ ; and they further come from almost the same country ;

Schott’s plant, which he describes from cultivated specimens,

from Venezuela, and the Kew one from the neighbouring

island of Trinidad, whence it was sent by Dr. Cruger, then

(in 1866) Superintendent of the Botanic Gardens. As

Dr. Cruger was in the habit of receiving plants from the

adjacent coast of Venezuela, and P. rubens is nowhere

described as a Trinidad plant, it is not impossible that the

specimen sent to Kew may have come after all from the

MARCH Ist, 1873.

former country. Dr. Schott mentions that the spathe is

sometimes double, which implies a tendency to an abnormal

condition of the inflorescence in his specimens, which were

cultivated in the Imperial Gardens of Schénbrunn.

Dnscr. Stem in the Kew plant two feet high, as thick as

the wrist, inclined, cylindric, green, sending numerous roots

into the water of the tank in which the pot stands (possibly

the species is a climber). Stipular sheaths semi-amplexicaul,

spreading, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, rose-coloured, mem-

branous, surrounding the leaf-bases. Petiole one and a

half to two feet long, slender, swollen at the base, cylindric,

dark green, with rough raised lines towards the top. Leaf

fifteen to sixteen inches long by thirteen to fifteen broad, ovate-

cordate, or hastate, shortly acuminate, deep green above,

paler beneath, lobes rounded with about six nerves in each, the

posterior marginal for a short distance from the petiole,

basal sinus deep, open or contracted. Peduncle short, green,

cylindric. Spathe six to eight inches long, erect, white ex-

ternally, suffused with green down the back and with pale

rose colour on the sides; inside vivid red-purple ; tube ovoid-

oblong, rather contracted ; open part longer, boat-shaped,

narrowed into a conical erect cusp nearly one inch long.

Spadix nearly as long as the spathe, cylindric ; pistilliferous

part short, contracted ; staminiferous and barren parts elon-

gated, cylindric, obtuse, white. Ovaries densely crowded,

obovoid, 3-4-celled ; cells many-ovuled; stigma sessile,

gees Anthers few, fertile, broader upwards, truncate.—

Fig. 1, Whole plant reduced; 2, portion of leaf of natural size; 3, upper

part of stem sheath and inflorescence; 4, spadix :—both of natural size ; 5,

. ovary; 6, transverse, and 7, vertical section of ditto; 8, staminode; 9,

stamen :—all magnified.

items. ll

Vincent Brooks Day & Sona '

Tas. 6022.

ARPOPHYLLUM spicatum.,

Native of Mexico.

Nat. Ord, Orcuwwea.—Tribe EpipEnpRE.

Genus Arpornyiium, Llav. and Lex. ; (Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orchid., p. 151.)

ARPOPHYLLUM spicatum; caudice repente crassitie perme olorine, vaginis

inferioribus granulatis, folio pedali complicato arcuato ligulato subacuto

carinato, pedunculo brevi suberecto, spica cylindracea densiflora —

3-5-pollicari, floribus purpureo-roseis } poll. diam., petalis sepalis

subequalibus margine postico eroso, labello 3-lobo concavo margine

eroso, lobo medio parvo orbiculari.

ARPOPHYLLUM spicatum, Llav. and Lex. Nov. Veg. Descript., vol. ii. p. 195

Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orchid., 151; Bot. Reg., vol. xxv. Mise. p.16;

Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840, vol. iv. p. 384; Benth. Pl. Hartweg., p.72;

Walp, Ann, vol. vi. p. 448,

Apparently a very rare plant, since, though described up-

wich of forty years to by Sate and Lexarca, and introduced

into this country in 1839 by Hartweg, it has hitherto never

been figured or accurately described. Indeed, so imperfect is

the original character given by the author just mentioned, that

I depend less upon it for the identification of the plant here

figured, than upon Lindley’s having referred the plant collected

by Hartweg (with the dried specimens of which this accords)

to Llave and Lexarca’s Arpophyllum sprcatum. Tt is a native

of Mexico, and was first found by its describers at Sultepec,

and near Aricubaro (localities which I do not find in any map

or gazetteer), and later by Hartweg, at the Hacienda del

Carmen, wherever that may be. There are other specimens

of apparently the same plant in the Hookerian Herbarium,

collected by Galeotti, in the Oak and Pine region of Oaxaia,

at 7000 to 8500 feet elevation; and by Jurgensen on the

Sierra San Pedro Nolasco, Talea, &c. These differ greatly in

MARCH Ist, 1873,

the length and breadth of the sheath of the peduncle, being in

all very much larger than in the Kew plant, as also in the

amount of glandular pubescence on the ovaries and rachis ;

all agree in stature, habit, and the complicate arcuate leaf,

flowers, &c. The lower sheaths of the stem are remarkably

granulate when dry in most specimens, but not in all. The

specimen here figured flowered in Kew, in the Catleya House,

in April, 1872. The spike resembles in colour and form that

of Gymnadenia conopsea.

Dzscr. Rhizome cylindric, creeping, as thick as a swan’s

quill, hard, green, sending out stout roots, and ascending

strong sheathed flowering branches, two to six inches long,

bearing each a leaf and raceme of flowers; sheaths somewhat

compressed, appressed, or slightly ventricose, brown, rigidly

coriaceous, obtuse, older ones granulate on the surface. Lea

about one foot long, falcate, complicate, keeled, subacute, very

coriaceous, smooth, bright green. Peduacle three to four inches

long, stout, green, erect, with a basal sheath, which is very

variable in size. Spike three to five inches long, dense. Mowers

rose-purple, one-third of an inch in diameter. Ovary slender,

sharply angled, more or less glandular-pubescent. Sepals

equal, broadly oblong-ovate, obtuse. Pefa/s similar or larger,

the upper or posterior margin erose. Jip rather longer than

the petals, very shortly clawed ; concave ; base gibbous ; lateral

lobes short, terminal, orbicular, cup-shaped, margins of lobes

erose. Column obscurely toothed at the tip.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, column and lip; 3, column; 4, lip :—all magnified.

WRitch del et ith

Vincent BrooksDay Samii

Tas. 6023.

ARISARUM voteare.

Native of the Mediterranean Region.

Nat. Ord. Arorpra:.—Tribe ARISARES.

Genus Arisarum, Targ. Tozzi ; (Schott, Prodr, Syst. Aroid., p. 20.)

ArisaruM vulgare; foliis solitariis oblongo-hastatis obtusis apiculatis,

pedunculo petiolo breviore v. longiore concolore v. purpureo-maculato,

spatha fornicata brevi curva basi tumida oblique truncata lamina brevi

cucullata obtusa v. apiculata purpurea, spadicis appendice curva apice

globosa-clavata exserta.

ARIsaRuM vulgare, Targ. Tozzi, Ann. Mus. Florent., vol. ii. p. 67; Kunth.

Enum, Plant., vol. iii. p. 15; Parlatore Flor. Italian., vol. ii. p. 235;

Reichb. Ic. Flor. Germ., vol. vii. t. 7; Durieuw Bot. Explor. Alger.,

t. Ixiv. f. 10—12.,

ARUM Arisarum, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1370; Gren. and Godr. Flor, France, vol.

iii. p. 331; Moggridge Contrib. Flor. Mentone, t. 47; Jacq. Hort. ©

Schenb., vol. ii. t. 192; Sibthorp Flor. Grac., t. 948.

A very common Mediterranean plant, inhabiting earthy

banks ete., from Palestine and Egypt to Portugal and

Marocco, and reappearing in the Canary Islands (4A. subea-

sertum, Webb), and in the Azores (4. azoricum, Schott).

Schott has indeed made species out of no less than twelve forms

from so many countries within the above-named limits, but the

characters he gives are utterly unsubstantial, and the dried

Specimens upon which he has founded them are often abso-

lutely undistinguishable. The genus in fact consists of but

two species, the present, which has a very wide range, and

A. proboscideum, Savi, of the Apennines, which is ,distin-

ag by the spathe being produced into a long twisted

The specimens here figured are from Marocco, where the

plant abounds, and where my attention was directed to its

root by Mr. Hunot of Saffi, as affording a food to the natives

MARCH Isr, 1873.

during their frequent seasons of famine ; when they are dug

up, washed, and cooked, notwithstanding their poisonous

properties. The Arab name is Ironne. A similar use is

made of the roots of the great Arisemas in the Himalaya (see

A. curvatum, Tab. nost. 5931). During my visit to Marocco

this plant was long past flower, and I am indebted to my

friend Dr. Leared for the specimen here figured, which he

brought in a flowering state in November last. The spathes

are small and much paler than in the Mediterranean forms ;

but this probably is to be accounted for by the confinement

of the plant on board the steamer during its homeward

voyage; for in dried specimens from Tangier, they are as

large and highly coloured as in European ones.

Descr. Root a tuber of various shapes, sometimes as large

as a walnut, but usually smaller, producing a solitary leaf

and scape, which are surrounded at the base by a membranous,

acute sheath one to three inches long. Petiole three to eight

inches long, pale green, sometimes speckled or blotched with

purple, terete, succulent; blade usually three inches long, but

sometimes twice as large or much smaller, very variable in

breadth, oblong-hastate or almost deltoid, obtuse, apiculate,

bright green above, paler beneath; lobes spreading or pointing

downwards, obtuse. Scape shorter or longer than the petiole

and like it spotted or not. Spathe one and a half to two and

and a half inches long; tube inflated, obliquely truncate ;

limb short, arched, subacute, about as long as the tube,

: dark-purple, the colour extending in streaks along the tube.

Spadiv conical at the base, and broadly adnate to the spathe,

round the conical base of the spadix ; anthers reniform.

Ovaries few, seated on the spathe in front of the spadix,

l-celled ; on many basal ; style very short, stigma capi-

Ser tei

Fig. 1, column; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, ovary ;

7 5 7 £ . 7 f

ditto :—all magnified. » vertical section o

Tas. 6024,

NIDULARIUM sprcrazin. = “2026604

2 SPECTABILIS

Native of Brazil. fle feel Colah

Nat. Ord. BromeLiacex.—Tribe ANANASSE,

P Genus Nipuuarium, Lemaire Jardin Fleuriste, vol. iv., Mise., p. 60, t. 441.

NIpuLArIum spectabile ; acaule, cespitosum, foliis rosulatis recurvis e basi late

dilatata late loriformibus (ad 2-poll. latis) planiusculis minute distanter.

spinuloso-dentatis apice late sanguinea rotundatis ungue rigido ter-

| minatis supra viridibus subtus glaucescentibus albo transverse fasciatis,

4 floribus in fasciculum multiflorum terminalem sessilem dense congestis,

| bracteis lanceolatis acuminatis purpureis calycem sxquantibus : calycis

| lobis oblongis longe cuspidatis sanguineis, petalis infra medium in E

r tubum connatis dein ellipticis acuminatis recurvis violaceis, antheris ot

aN sessilibus.

Nipuartum spectabile, 7. Moore in Gard. Chron., 1873, p. 8.

The genus Nidularium was established by Lemaire in

1854, and includes various species of the old genera

Bromelia, Billbergia, &e., together with others, of which a

dozen are enumerated by Morren, in his valuable “ Catalogue oe

des Broméliacées cultivées au Jardin Botanique de l'Université a

de Liege” (1873.) Amongst them WV. Meyendorfii, Regel, m

(Billbergia olens, Tab. nost. 5502), is the only one quoted oe

being hitherto figured in the “Botanical Magazine. The

genus is probably a large one, and we have dried

Specimens of the foliage ‘of several Brazilian species,

besides the considerable number that are in cultivation.

NV. spectabile was imported by Mr. Bull from the interior

of Brazil, and flowered in his establishment in December,

1872. It is a very striking plant, allied to WV. Meyen-

dorfii, Lemaire (Ill. Hort. ¢, 245), but very distinct ;

and may at once be recognised from any species hitherto

cultivated in England, by the singular bright blood-red ends

MARCH Ist, 1873.

of the leaves, which form a clearly defined and singular con-

trast both to the bright green of the upper surface and the

glaucous dull green of the lower surface of the leaf.

Drscr. Tufted, stemless. Leaves twelve to fourteen inches

long by one and a half to two inches broad, inner shorter,

broadly strap-shaped from a very broad sheathing base,

slightly concave, points rounded with a beak-like cusp,

margin with small remote spiny teeth, upper surface dark

green except the tip, which presents a bright blood-red

patch half an inch deep on both surfaces; under surface

covered with alternate dull green and dirty white lepidote

transverse bands; towards the base of the leaf the green

bands are purplish. FVowers numerous in a crowded terminal

flat-topped fascicle, one and three quarters to two inches in

diameter, sunk amongst the uppermost leaves, spinulose

from the prominent bracts, which are lanceolate concave, rose-

purple above the middle, and terminate in acicular points.

Ovary ovoid, white. Calyzx-limb of three elliptic blood-red seg-

ments, terminating in erect acicular points, which equal the

corolla-tube. Corolla-tube ‘pale, obtusely 3-angled; limb

three quarters of an inch diameter, of three spreading and

recurved ovate acuminate violet-blue segments. Anthers

linear-oblong, sessile in the mouth of the tube.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Whole plant reduced ; 2, flower and bracts; 38, portion of tube

and a segment of corolla with anthers; 4, ovary :—all magnified.

6025

Pas

“Vincent Brooks Day &

—

AEN A

CHP PF

Bins 7 oe sd

yy EF P Pg

LA Mthithhedded VP a=

eer,

Tas. 6025.

ARECA PUMILA.

Native of the Malayan Archipelago.

Nat. Ord. Patmem.—Tribe ARECINER.

‘Genus Arrca, Linn.; (Endl. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 247.)

ArEca pumila ; caule humili arundinaceo basi dilatato, cicatricibus pro-

minentibus ad 2 poll. remotis, foliisad 1-2-pedalibus, vagina cylindracea

paulo turgida viridi, rachi glabra, petiolo brevi pinnis ad 5-jugis e basi

lata remotis late falcato-oblongis acuminatis sub 5-nerviis subtus

minutissime asperulis, summis confluentibus premorso-dentatis, spadice

brevi arrecto breviter pedunculato glabro pinnatim ramoso, bracteis

angustis subulato-lanceolatis, floribus masculis ultra medium ramulorum

flexuosorum 2-seriatim imbricatis secundis, foemineis ad basin ramu-

lorum solitariis cum masculis 2 imperfectis stipatis, sepalis in fl. ¢

minutis petalis subacutis multoties minoribus, fl. Q sepalis amplis petalis

paulo brevioribus, staminibus 3, fructu elongato ellipsoideo umbonato.

Arcea pumila, Blume, Rumphia, vol. ii. p. 71, t. 99 et 102, non Martius.

ARECA triandra, Roxb. var. pumila Miguel Fl. Ned. Ind., vol. iii. og 11;

Flore des Jardins, vol. ii. t. 10 (1859) excl. synon. Marti, Miquelii et

Griffthii,

Areca triandra, Roxb. var. B. pumila, Mart. Hist. Palm., vol. iii. p. 311.

The present elegant Palm has been the subject of much

confusion. It was originally discovered by Blume, who

appears to have communicated its discovery to Von Martius

under the name of 4. pumila. Martius, however, through

some mistake, described and figured Blume’s 4. Nenga, a totally

distinct plant, belonging to another section of the genus, for

Blume’s 4. pumila. Griffith (“Calcutta Journal of Nat. Hist.,

vol. v. 456) retains Martius’ name of 4. pumila for A. Nenga,

in which he is followed by Miquel (“ FI. Ind. Bat., vol. 111.

p- 14); and, lastly, the anonymous author of the “ Flo Te

des Jardins ” (1859), quotes all the above names as belonging

to one plant, and accompanies them by a wretched reduced

copy of the true 4. pumila taken from Blume’s work. For.

“MARCH Ist, 1873.

tunately Blume’s excellent plates and descriptions leave no

doubt as to the name of the plant here figured.

With regard to Roxburgh’s 4reca triandra, to which Miquel

has referred this as a variety, I was very familiar with it in

Bengal ; it is a much larger plant, attaining 30 feet in

height, is always stoloniferous, and has usually many more

and narrower pinnules.

A. pumila is a native of Java, and was received at the Royal

Gardens from Holland many years ago; it flowered fre-

quently, usually in the spring months, up till some six years

ago, when it died after transplantation.

Duscr. Stem three feet high, erect, slender, without

stolons, solitary, swollen at the very base, green; rings very

prominent, two inches apart. Leaves few, about two feet long;

sheath cylindric, slightly inflated, green, petiole short and

rather smooth ; blade ovate-oblong, cut into about five pairs of

leaflets, which are rather distant, oblong from a very broad

base, falcate, acuminate, about 5-nerved, minutely asperulous.

beneath. Spathe suberect, much shorter than the leaf-sheath,

flabellately sparingly branched, stout, shortly peduncled,

green, quite glabrous. /Vowers unilateral; ¢ minute, 2-seriate,

imbricate on slender white flexuous branchlets, secund. Sepals

minute, triangular. Petals elliptic-ovate, subacute. Stamens

three : fl. 2 sessile at the base of the small branches, with a

minute imperfect male flower on each side. Sepals green,

broad, subacute, keeled, rather shorter than the petals. Drupe

a inches long, ellipsoid-oblong, red-brown, umbonate.—

ol, 1.

Fig. 1. Reduced view of whole plant ; 2, top of stem and spadix, of the

natural size; 3, male flower ; 4, female flower with minute male and base of

male branch :—all magnified ; 5, fruit, of natural size, from Blume,

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6026

~~ Vincent BrocksDay & Son mp.

Tas. 6026.

ZAMIOCULCAS Borvintt.

Native of Eastern Tropical Africa.

Nat. Ord. AromtrEx.—Tribe OronrTIEx.

Genus Zamiocucas, Schott ; (Dene. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, vol. xvii. p. 321).

ZAMIOCULCAS Boiviniti ; foliis 3-ternatim sectis, foliolis ovato-lanceolatis

acuminatis sessilibus v. breviter petiolatis, petiolo tereti medio nodoso-

Incrassato, pedunculo gracili, spathe lamina lanceolata acuminata intus

pallide straminea, extus luride viridi lineolis fuscis creberrime striolata.

Zamiocueas Boivinii, Dene. 1. c. p- 322.

When last year I figured in this Magazine the curious

4. Loddigesii (Tab. 5985), and called attention to the fact of

i species with bipinnate leaves having been described by my

friend M. Decaisne, I little expected that living specimens of

this were then actually on their way to Kew from its inde-

fatigable correspondent Dr. Kirk, H.B.M. Vice-Consul at

Zanzibar, who procured them from the coast opposite to that

island. Further, on referring to the Herbarium, I find

under the genus Axzchomanes dried specimens of this same

Zamioculeas, collected by Dr. Kirk himself, when accom-

panying Dr. Livingstone on his second expedition, in 1861,

on the banks of the Shire river, opposite to the rapids of

Zedzani. As a species this differs widely in habit from Z.

Loddigesii, bearing apparently only a single leaf, whose

petiole is not so remarkably clavate at the base, though

similarly swollen into a node at the middle; the peduncle

is very much longer and more slender, the spathe much larger,

longer, and more lanceolate, and the spadix of a very diffe-

rent form ; the filaments also are different, the anthers open

by pores, the ovary has a distinct style, and lastly, instead

of being all over pure bright green, the peduncles, petioles,

and spathe externally of Z Boivinii are of a lurid green,

APRIL Ist, 1873,

fasciated with pencilled streaks of greenish or purplish brown,

giving a singularly lurid and snake-like look to the plant.

Considering all these points, it is perhaps doubtful whether

4. Boivinii should not be regarded as the type of a distinct

genus or sub-genus, to which the name of Gozatopus, in

allusion to the knee-like swelling on the petiole, might be

applied.

Descr. Rhizome short, dilated. Leaf in our specimen soli-

tary, radical, enclosed at the base along with the peduncle in a

few short membranous acute sheaths, two to three feet long,

erect ; blade triangular-ovate, triternately pinnate ; petiole as

thick as the little finger, with one swollen oblong node in

the middle, and as well as the slender rachis, partial petioles,

and peduncles of the spathes, of a dull green, crossed by

irregular bands of brownish striz ; pinne opposite, sessile or

shortly petioled, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, membranous,

faintly nerved. Peduncles two in our specimen, one on each

side of the petiole, shorter and much more slender than it is,’

cylindric, terete. Spathe six inches long, ovate-lanceolate

from a short sheathing base that embraces the female flowers,

long-acuminate ; blade revolute, dirty yellow-green inside,

lurid yellow-green outside, with six to eight obscure dark

nerves and innumerable dark strie. Spadiv equalling the

spathe; female portion one inch long, subglobose; male

portion cylindric, four inches long by one-third of an inch

broad, yellow, terete, densely clothed with yellow hexagonal

flowers, whose truncate perianth-segments give it an even

surface. Perianth-segments four, prismatic, thick, truncate,

closely embracing the organs of fructification. Male flower :-—

s(amens four, surrounding a rudimentary pistil, filaments very

short, broad ; anthers included, incumbent, didymous, cells

opening by large terminal pores. Female flower :—ovary ob-

ovoid, 2-celled, contracted into a columnar style with a capitate

stigma; ovules ascending from the septum, solitary in each

cell, micropyle inferior.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Reduced figure of plant ; 2, pinnules of the natural size :—3, male

flower 3 4, stamens and rudimentary ovary; 5, stamen; 6, female flower ;

7, pistil; 8, vertical section of ditto :—all magnified.

6027.

WeErtch del et Lith Vincent Brooks Day & Son, Imp

Tas. 6027.

SEDUM pasypHYLLUM, VAR. GLANDULIFERUM.

Native of Spain and Marocco.

Nat. Ord, CrassuLAcEz.

Genus Sepum, L.; (Benth. and Hook f. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 659).

Sepum dasyphyllum var. glanduliferum ; bamile, cespitosum, glaucum,

glanduloso-pubescens, caulibus brevibus basi ramosis tortuosis, foliis

surculorum dense congestis ovoideis v. ellipsoideis teretibus obtusis,

caulinis sparsis consimilibus v. longioribus et subspathulatis, cymis

paucifloris, sepalis oblongis obtusis petalisque albis roseo-tinctis extus

glanduloso-pubescentibus, ovariis turgidis hispidulis in stylos breves

suberectos repente angustatis, glandulis hypogynis parvis.

SepuM dasyphyllum, var. B glanduliferum, Moris Flor. Sardoa, vol. ii.

p- 125.

Sepum glanduliferum, Gussone Flor. Sic. Prodr., vol. i. p. 519; Tenore

Flor. Neap. Syil., p- 226, et Flor. Nap., vol, iv. p. 251, t. 232, f. 2;

Boiss. Voy. Espagn., p. 226. :

Sepum Corsicum, Duby Bot, Gall., vol. i. p. 292; DC. Prodr., vol. iii. R 406 ;

Tenore Flor. Nap., vol. iv. p. 252. - a Ges

A very free-growing variety of Sedwm dasyphyllum, well

adapted on this account and from its glaucous habit for rock~

work cultivation. It is a native of dry rocks and banks in

Spain, extending thence to Sicily, Corsica, and Calabria,

ascending in the former country to 7000 feet elevation on

the Sierra Nevada, and also occurring in North Africa from

the Atlas to thé Blidah province of Algeria and throughout

the mountainous regions of Marocco. It is most nearly

allied to 8. dasyphyllum, as a variety of which it is no doubt

correctly regarded by Moris in his Flora Sardoa, who ob-

serves that the amount of glandular pubescence varies

greatly, and that the petals are obtuse, acute, or shortly

acuminate in both the original S. dasyphyllum and its variety.

APRIL Ist, 1873.

It flowered both in the Royal Gardens and at Benthall Hall

from plants brought from the greater Atlas by Mr. Maw and

myself in 187].

Drscr. Tufted, perennial, glaucous, glandular-pubescent.

Stems prostrate and ascending, one to three inches long, the

flowerless shoots short, densely clothed with imbricating

leaves, and forming club-shaped masses. Leaves a quarter to

one-third of an inch long, succulent, sessile, ovoid or ellipsoid,

obtuse, terete, hardly flattened on the upper surface; those on

the flower-bearing stems remote, often larger and more

obovate or spathulate. Cymes 5—8-flowered ; flowers very

shortly pedicelled, one-third of an inch in diameter, white

with rose-coloured tips and dorsal keel of the petals. Sepals

_ green, oblong, obtuse, glandular, half as long as the corolla.

Petals elliptic-ovate, acute obtuse or shortly acuminate,

glandular-pubescent at the back. Anthers brown. Glands

short, small, clavate. Ovaries turgid, hispid, abruptly con-

tracted into short somewhat recurved styles.—/. _D. H.

acer ear ne ee I ee EN |

Figs. 1 and 2, Leaves ; 3, bud; 4, flower expanded ; 5, ovaries and hypo-

gynous glands :—all magnified.

6028

‘

Son imp

nt Brooks Day &5

Vince:

Tas. 6028,

FRE YCINETIA Banxstr.

Native of New Zealand.

Nat. Ord. PANDANEA.

Genus Freyowetia, Gaudichaud ; (Endl. Gen. Pl., p. 242).

FREYCINETIA Banksit ; alte scandens, caule gracili ramoso, ramis foliosis,

foliis confertis 2—3-pedalibus e basi vaginante anguste lineari-subulatis

1-poll. latis marginibus carinaque minute spinuloso-serrulatis, bracteis

e. basi lata ovata concava carnosa alba v. pallide lilacina subulato-

lanceolatis erectis, spadicibus simplicibus erectis breviter crasse pedun-

culatis, masculis 3-5 poll. longis 3 poll. diametro elongato conicis

obtusis, ‘staminibus 8-12( ‘eines ovariun Pudimentatiam oblongum

crenulatum dispositis, filamentis elongatis, spadice femineo oblongo-

cylindraceo obtuso, ovariis longitudinaliter elongatis, stylo crasso disco

angusto crenulato (crenulis stigmatibus respondentibus) coronato, ovulis

numerosissimis supra totam superficiem internam cavitatis ovarii con-—

ree oblique pendulis, staminodiis parvis remotis spathulatis stylo

adnatis.

Freycinet Banksii, Cunningham in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag., vol. ii. p. 877 ;

Hook. f. Flor, Nov. Zel., vol. i. p. 237, t. 54, 55; Handbook of the New

Zealand Flora, p. 275.

A well-known New Zealand plant, the Kie Kie of the

natives (according to Mr. Mantell), whose fleshy bracts, called

Tawhara, are greedily eaten by them, and also made by the

colonists into a very luscious. jelly tasting like strawberries.

In reference to this, the late Dr. Sinclair informed me that

this food was so highly prized by the natives, that in some

parts of the island, the forests where the plant abounds is

tabooed till the bracts are ready for eating, when the members

of the tribe to whom the forest belongs, at a given signal rush

into the woods and satiate themselves with the luscious food.

It is common in the forests of the Northern Island, as far south

as the East Cape, and it is said to occur in the Middle Island

also, but I have seen no specimens from thence. It festoons

APRIL Ist, 1873.

the trees, which it climbs by means of its clasping roots, pre-

senting a very beautiful appearance. The leaves are used for

basket-making. Two plants of it are grown in the Palm-

house at Kew, and have attained one, the female, the height

of five feet, the other of about three ; both flowered for the first

time this year, the male first, and so long before the female

showed any sign of flowering, that the pollen of the former

was all shed before the opportunity offered of fertilizing the

latter. The bracts of the male were pure white, those of

the female a pale lilac. The plants were sent to the Royal

Gardens in a Ward’s case by Dr. Hector, F.R.S., the Director

of the Geological Survey of New Zealand.

Descr. A lofty climber, ascending the trees for one

hundred feet and more. Sfem rooting, slender, about one

inch in diameter. Leaves two to three feet long by one inch

broad, elongate linear-subulate, spreading and recurved,

minutely spinulose-serrulate, keeled, concave, tip trigonous,

green with a paler line halfway between the midrib and

margin. Inflorescence dicecious, in the centre of the extremity

of the branches, surrounded by bracts three to six inches

long, that have an ovate very fleshy, white or pale lilac base

and subulate tip. Spadices crowded, erect, shortly pedunceled ;

males three to five inches long, by one-third of an inch in

diameter, gradually narrowed to the obtuse tip, bright yellow.

Flowers crowded, each consisting of eight to twelve stamens

surrounding a vertically elongated crenulate green disk ; fila-

ments slender, anthers small. Female spade shorter than the

male, elongate oblong, cylindric, tip rounded. Ovaries densely

crowded, consisting of a vertically elongated laterally com-

pressed hard green style bearing eight to ten spathulate

staminodes on its sides, and crowned by a crenulate stigmati-

ferous disk, placed on a wedge-shaped cell, the inner surface

of which is densely crowded with anatropous ovules.

Fruiting spadix green, five inches long.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Reduced view of branch, leaves, and inflorescence, about one-eighth

natural size; 2, male spadix and bract ; 8, portion of spadix and male

flower; 4, ripe female spadix; 5, its style and staminodes, of the natural

size; 6, vertical section of ovary, with ovules :—magnified,

‘WFitch del: et ith.

ks Day& Sonimp

ent Broo

vie

Tas. 6029.

ODONTOGLOSSUM trripuprans.

Native of Peru.

Nat. Ord. Orcuipem.—Tribe VANDEA.

Genus Opvonrocossum, H. B. and K. ; (Lindl. Fol. Orchid., Odontoglossum),

ODONTOGLOSsUM tripudians ; pseudobulbis ovoideo-oblongis compressis, foliis

by 7—10-pollicaribus lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis, racemo simplici pluri-

floro, bracteis subulato-lanceolatis pedicello dimidio brevioribus, floribus

2-poll. diametro, sepalis elliptico-oblongis acuminatis intus castaneis

basi et apice aureis, petalis sepalis subsimilibus aureis plagis latis lobatis

| castaneis transversis notatis, labello albo roseo maculato brevissime

unguiculato ambitu oblongo-quadrato, medio constricto, lobo basilari

| margine obscure crenato, terminali paullo latiore rotundato apicu-

as alate alis laceris incurvis.

lato marginibus erosis, disco basi carinis ad 10 flabellatim dispasitis,

carinis 4 interioribus longius productis spinescentibus, columne superne

OponToGLossum tripudians, Reichb. f. in Bonplandia, 11 Jahrgang (1854) p.

100; Walp. Ann., vol. vi. p. 830.

The genus Odontoglossum is now so largely increased in

number of species and in the beauty of these, that it _may

fairly be said to rival Dendrobium in the estimation of Horti-

culturists and especially of Orchid growers. The present

beautiful species was discovered by Warsewicz in about

1849, and described by H. Reichenbach in the work quoted

above, where it is compared with 0. rigidum, Lindl., a species

differing in the long claw of the lip and in other respects.

It was flowered by Messrs. Veitch in January of the present

year, and for brillianey of colour and size of flower is cer-

tainly a magnificent species. It had been placed in the

section Xanthoglossum, from which, however, the white colour

of the lip removes it. The contrast between the muddy

yellow-green of the back of the flower, and the clear, bright

APRIL Ist, 1873,

hues of the front is very remarkable, and rendered all the

more so by the habit of the plant, which (in the specimen

here figured) turns all the flowers on one side of the raceme

to the observer and the other away; considering that the

raceme is erect, this suggests either a possible rotation of

the rachis so as to expose the flowers by turns to the light,

or an arrangement by which one side secures the forenoon

and the other the afternoon exposure to the light.

Duscr. Pseudobulbs ovoid-oblong, about three inches

long, compressed, green. eaves seven to ten inches long,

linear-lanceolate, acuminate, keeled, deep green above, paler

beneath. Raceme erect, longer than the leaves, 8—10-flowered,

nearly naked, peduncle and rachis stiff, green; bracts small,

triangular-lanceolate, shorter than the pedicels. //owers two

inches in diameter ; perianth spreading, dull yellow-green on

the back, except at the tip. Sepals elliptic-oblong, acuminate,

rich maroon brown, with golden tips and bases. Petals

equalling the sepals, golden yellow, with very broad trans-

verse maroon brown lobed blotches. Zip oblong in outline,

shortly clawed, white with rose-coloured blotches; lateral

lobes rounded, obscurely crenate ; terminal suborbicular, api-

culate, erose; disk with about ten keels radiating from the

claw, of which the four inner are produced on to the surface

of the basal lobe, and end each in a spinous process. Column

— at the tip, wings incurved, deeply 3—6-toothed.—

Fig. 1, Column and lip :—magnified.

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Vincent Brooks Day & Sanlmp

Tas. 6030.

CHAMAIDOREA TEPEJILOTE.

Native of Eastern Mewxico.

Nat. Ord. Patmew,—Tribe ARECINER.

Genus Cuamaporra, Willd. ; (Endl. Gen. Plant. p. 245).

Cuamaperra Tepejilote ; caule solitario gracili erecto non radicante, inter-

nodiis 1—2-pollicaribus, foliis 3—4-pedalibus pinnatis, pinnis multijugis

ad 1} pedalibus anguste lanceolatis acuminatis leviter falcatis sub

7-nerviis, spathis numerosis 6—10-pollicaribus laxis viridibus rostrato-

acuminatis ad medium clausis, spadice ¢ pedunculato curvo nutante,

pedunculo subcylindraceo, ramis perplurimis pendulis 5-7 -pollicaribus

teretibus, floribus 6-seriatim dispositis, perianthii segmentis exterioribus

obsoletis interioribus transverse oblongis, filamentis basi_ liberis,

antheris obliquis, spadice Q suberecto ramis 6-10 divaricatis cylin-

draceis quam ¢ brevioribus et strictioribus, floribus semi-immersis,

perianthio maris.

Cuamzporea Tepejilote, Liebm. in Mart Hist. Palm., vol. iii. p. 308.

STEPHANOSTACHYS Tepejilote, Oersted Palme Centroamericane, p. 28, ex

Natur, Hist. Foren. Vidensk. Meddelels. 1858, an S. Wendlandiana,

Oersted, 1. c. ?

A very graceful palm, introduced from Mexico by Wendland

of Herrenhausen, Hanover, to whom the Royal Gardens are

indebted for the specimen here figured, which flowered for

the first time in 1860, and has done so repeatedly since. Itis

probably the plant described by Oersted as C. (Stephanostachys)

Wendlandiana, and which was cultivated in the Herrenhausen

stoves under the name of C. Tenejilote, Liebm., and which

Oersted distinguishes from that species by the more numerous

branches of the spadix, longer outer perianth-segments and

more obtuse inner ones ; but as I am quite unable to discover

any developed outer perianth, and the plant otherwise agrees

perfectly with Liebman’s original Herbarium specimen of

C. Tepejilote, I am obliged to adopt his name, doubting

greatly the specific distinctness of the two.

APRIL lst, 1873,

Duscr. Stem erect, ten feet high, as thick as a stout cane ;

joints numerous, green, swollen upwards, the very lowest

only rooting. Leaves three to four feet long, spreading,

pinnate, pinnules in many (twelve to twenty) pairs, one to

one and a half feet long by one and a half to two inches

broad, slightly curved, narrow lanceolate, acuminate, 7-nerved,

green. Male spadix with a long erect sheathed peduncle,

which curves and branches beyond the sheaths; sheaths

about seven, rather lax, very rigid and coriaceous, green, six

to ten inches long, the last longest ending in a long beak,

all acuminate, and closed for about halfway up ; branches of

spadix twenty to thirty, pendulous, six to ten inches long,

a quarter of an inch in diameter, quite cylindric and terete,

densely elothed to the base with golden yellow flowers,

apiculate. Outer perianth obsolete; inner of three trans-

versely oblong segments. Stamens sessile in the base of the

perianth, filaments clavate, free at the base; anthers short,

oblique. Female spadix erect, with six to ten shorter strict

spreading branches.—J. D. 7.

se aR ee cca ses ne

Fig. 1, Reduced view of the whole plant ; 2, portion of male spadix of' the

natural size; 3, male flowers on the axis; 4, male flower removed; 5,

stamen :—all magnified,

605)

W Fitch, del et lith

Vincent. Brooks Day & Sonimp.

Tas. 6031.

CROC US Oxtviert.

Native of Greece.

Nat. Ord. Intpem.—Tribe Ixiez.

Genus Crocus, Tourn. ; (Klatt in Linnea, vol. xxxiv. p. 647).

Crocus Olivier’; cormis mediocribus globosis, tunicis membranaceis brunneis

basin versus fibrosis fibris parallelis, foliis 4—5 flores superantibus

¢ poll. diam., marginibus lzvibus non recurvis, costa subtus prominula

ciliolata, subtus glaucis, vaginis latis ex albo virescentibus, spatha

2-valvi, corolla late aurantiaca, tubo 3-4 pollicari, limbi lobis obtusis

extus basi 3-fasciatis, fauce glabra concolore, antheris pallide citrinis

filamentis concoloribus longioribus, stigmatibus aurantiacis 2-3-fidis

lobis elongatis.

Crocus Olivieri, 7. Gay in Ferussae Bull. Se. Nat, vol. xv. p- 219 (Jan.

1832); Kernicke in Flora 1856, p. 470.

C. Aucheri, Boiss, Diagn. Pl. Or., vol. xiii. p. 138 (1867); Walp. Ann.,

vol. vi. p. 52.

Originally detected in the Island of Scio in the Levant,

y the French oriental traveller and botanist Olivier, from

Whose collections it was described by M. Gay of Paris,

1n whose notes to the original specimen (now preserved in

the Kew Herbarium), he states that he does not see how it

differs from a plant collected by the same traveller between

Alep po and Mosul. Subsequently it was collected at Guenive

in Asia Minor by Aucher Eloi, and described from thence as

=, WoW Species by Boissier (0. Aucheri). More recently still

it has been gathered in the Abies region of Attica in Greece,

at elevations of 1-3500ft, by Professor Orphanides ; and by

eldreich, amongst the melting snows of Mount Parmes,

owermng in the month of March. As a species it is most

nearly allied to @ mesiacus, Gawler, Tab. nost. 1111, (C.

inbett, Lamk., C. lageneflorus, Salisb., C. aureus, Smith, Tab.

APRIL Ist, 1873,

nost. 2986, C. vernus, Curt., Tab. nost. 45, non Smith; all

according to J. Gay’s notes), which differs conspicuously in

the entire stigmata, much larger size, paler colour and coarser

habit. I have not quoted Klatt’s monograph (Linnea, v.

34), because, as Mr. Baker informs me, he is in error with

regard to all the synonymy of C. su/fureus, Ker, under which

he includes C. Olivieri.

Crocus Olivieri flowered in January in the Royal Gardens,

and I received it at the same time from my friend Giles

Munby, Esq., under the better known name of C. Aucheri.

Drscr. Corms about the size of a hazel-nut, globose,

covered with a thin membranous shining coat that becomes

torn into parallel (not reticulate) fibres at the base. Sheaths

several, broad, greenish-white, membranous. eaves over-

topping the flowers, about one-eighth of an inch broad, acute,

green, margins not recurved, quite smooth, glaucous beneath

with a very prominent ciliolate keel. Spathes 2-valved, nearly

equaling or exceeding the corolla-tube. Corolla bright golden

orange, faintly smelling, tube three to four inches long; limb

nearly two inches in diameter; throat glabrous, concolorous ;

segments obtuse, rather broad, each with three dark streaks

outside near the base which extend a little way down the

tube. Anthers pale lemon coloured. Stigmas orange-yellow, :

each deeply 2-3-fid.—J. D. H.

‘

Fig. 1, Portion of the tunic of the corm; 2, transverse section of leaf; 3,

stigmas :—all magnified.

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Vincent Broo

tch del et li

Tas. 6032.

PHAJUS BLUMEI var. Bernaystr

Native of Queensland.

Nat. Ord. Orcnipex.—Tribe, EPIDENDREX.

Genus Puasus, Lour. ; (Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid., p. 126).

Puasus Blume: ; foliis non maculatis, sepalis petalisque subequalibus lanceo-

latis acuminatis intus coloratis, labello equilongo convoluto apice

trilobo, lobis lateralibus brevibus obtusis, intermedio crispato orbicu-

lari apiculato, disco obscure 3-lamellato parce piloso, calcare brevi

obtuso v. 2-fido conico ovario quater breviore, columna clavata antice

et dorso ima cum anthera puberula.

Puasus Blumei, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid. 127; Vriese Iilust. Orchid.

Ind. Or. Ned. cum Ic.; Blume Coll. Orchid. Archip. Ind. e Jap. p. 2,

t. 1, et 5 D.

Lrwoporvum Incarvillei, Blume Bijd., p. 874.

Var. Bernaysii, Reichb. f. mss. sepalis petalisque extus albis intus salpines

columna subtriandra. P. Bernaysii, Rowl. mss. ; Reichb. f. in Gard,

Chron., March, 1878, p. 361.

This appears to differ from P. Blumet in colour only, and

I hence follow the opinion kindly given me by Prof.

Reichenbach, in considering it to be a form of that plant.

Whether or no both are not further mere varieties of

P. grandifolius, Lour., is questionable ;* the latter plant 1s

stated to be found in Australia, from which country Mueller

has described four species—viz., P. qustralis, Fragm. Phyt.

Aust. vol. i. p. 42, from Lady Elliot's Islands ; P. leucophaus,

le. vol. iv. p. 163, from Rockingham Bay ; P. grandifolius,

* Dr. Reichenbach obligingly informs me that he has t oe pra as :

three of the species here below mentioned. 1. P. grandifolius ; pase

petals acute, tip of lip notched, spur short thick. 2. P, Blumet “a ree ses

petals acuminate, tip of lip acute, spur short thick. iciee’ setpared Tes te

longer, slender. He adds that they might be regarded as subspecies.

MAY lst, 1873.

from various warm parts of the East Coast; and a P. Carront.

Of these he says, P. australis and leucopheus have to be further

compared with P. grandifolius, Lour. ; implying that the two

former are not satisfactorily established. Judging from the

published figures of P. grandifolius (Tab. nost. 1924, Bletia

Tankervillie), and of P. bicolor, Lindl. (Tab. nost. 4078), I

should not be surprised if these, together with the Australian

species and P. Blumei, proved to be all varieties of one plant,

differing in the length of the spur; and of which P. Wallichii,

Wall. (Pl. As. Rar. t. 158) is a form, with a narrower mid-lobe

to the lip. In this case the species would have a wide dis-

tribution, from Ceylon and China through the Malay to the

' Pacific Islands.

P. Blumei, var. Bernaysii, whether a species or variety,

differs from all the above in the sulphur-coloured inner sur-

face of the petals, sepals, and lip; its tending to a triandrous

column, which it shares with P. Blumez, is rather an abnormal

condition of that organ than a specific character. The spur

is shorter than in the figure of grandifolius quoted above.

P. veratrifolius, Lindl., of Silhet, is stated to be yellow

flowered, and Blume describes a P. flavus from Java, so the

colour is not peculiar to P. Bernaysii.

This beautiful plant was communicated from the stoves of

Messrs. Veitch, with whom it flowered early in the present

year. It was named Berzaysii by Dr. Rowland, in compli-

ment to A. Bernays, Esq., one of the most active promoters

of the Acclimatization Society of its native country, Queens-

land, and a valued correspondent of Kew.

_Descr. Pseudo-bulé as large as a potato. Leaves one and

a half to two feet long, similar to those of P. grandifolius.

Flowering-stem and spike nearly three feet high, the latter

many-flowered ; flowers crowded, four inches in diameter,

nearly white externally, sulphur-yellow within. Sepals and ©

petals lanceolate, acuminate. Lip about as long as the petals ;

convolute portion sulphur yellow; lateral lobes rounded,

very short-waved, terminal white, nearly orbicular, apiculate,

margin slightly recurved, waved, yellow on the disk, white

towards the margin ; spur one quarter the length of the lip,

conical, curved. Column pubescent on the front and back, as

is the anther.—J/. D. H.

Fig. 1, Column; 2, lip :—both magnified.

6033

Vincent Brooks Day & Son ump

W Ritch, del et lith

ees

Tas. 6033.

XIPHION HISTRIO.

Native of Mount Lebanon.

Nat. Ord. Irtpacex.—Tribe Irie».

Genus Xipuion, Tourn. ; (Tab. nost. 5890).

Xrenion Histrio; vaginis membranaceis ima. basi demum reticulatis, foliis

pedalibus basi vaginis 3~5-pollicaribus elongatis albis tectis anguste

subulatis tetraquetris flores longe superantibus, spathis membranaceis

angustis elongatis apice obtusis, perianthii tubo gracillimo 3-pollicari,

Segmentis exterioribus obovato-spathulatis ultra medium horizontaliter

patentibus ceruleis, margines versus plagis saturate violaceis maculatis

disco aureo purpureo-venoso, interioribus erectis exterioribus paulo

brevioribus longe unguiculatis anguste oblongo-lanceolatis apice obtusis

integris azureis, stigmatis segmentis apice remotis erectis dimidiato-

oblongis subacutis margine exteriore obtuse crenato.

Irts Histrio, Reichenb. f. in. Bot. Zeit. 1872, p. 488.

Iris Libani, Reuter mss.

I received plants of this beautiful species in a fresh state

and in full flower, from Mr. Berberey of La Ferriere, near

Geneva, early in March last, with his own and M. Boissier’s

request that it should be figured in the Botanical Magazine.

Mr. Berberey further has had the goodness to inform me that

it is the Tris Libani of his late lamented friend, M. Reuter's

Mss., and was sent about ten years ago to M. Boissier by M.

Gaillardot, who found it on Mount Lebanon and on Mount

Gerizim, in Palestine; as also that its nearest ally is X. reti-

culatum, M. Bieb. (Tab. nost. 5577, sub. Zris), from which it

differs not only in structural characters, but in its paler colour,

_4n flowering fully six weeks earlier, and in being inodorous.

A comparison with X. reficw/atum shows that this is further

abundantly different, in its much smaller size, copious finely-

reticulated sheaths of the corm, much fewer shorter broader

stout leaves often not exceeding the scape, broader spathes

MaY Ist, 1873.

and differently shaped inner perianth-segments, which are

notched at the tip. It is a very beautiful plant, but whether

hardy in this country remains to be proved; as a pot plant

it cannot fail to be highly prized.

Descr. Tufted, slender, rather flaccid. Corm ovoid, the

size of a wren’s egg, clothed with pale membranous shieaths,

which are slightly reticulated in age. Sheaths of the scape

and leaves (inner), three to five inches long, white, very mem-

branous, obtuse or subacute, margins entire. Leaves a foot

long, one-sixth of an inch in diameter, linear-subulate, acute, —

acutely 4-angled, with a deep angular groove upon each face,

dark green. Scape very slender, not half the length of the

leaves, clothed with sheaths, of which the upper are acute.

Spathes very membranous, narrow, acuminate, white, nearly

equalling the perianth-tube. lower three inches in diameter.

Perianth-tube three to four inches long, very slender, blue

above ; outer segments obovate-spathulate, spreading but not

reflexed above the middle, claw narrow, blue with dark purple

rib and veins externally ; blade deep blue round the margins,

fading to pale purple towards the faintly golden disk, which —

is streaked with purple veins, blotched with dark blue on the

uppermost third; inner segments shorter, paler, and more

grey blue, erect, lanceolate-spathulate, margins quite entire.

Stigmatic lobes half an inch long, spreading, rather distant

above, dimidiate-ovate, acute, outer margins crenate, of the

same colour as the inner perianth-segments. Ovary very

narrow, ellipsoid.—/. D. 7.

Fig. 1, Section of leaf; 2, upper part of style and stigma :—both magnified.

amas reenact Ree es ee

W Bitch del etlith.

Vincent Brooks Day & Sonimp

Tas. 6034,

ACRAN THUS ARACHNITIS.

Native of Madagascar.

Nat. Ord. Orcuipem.—Tribe VanvE&.

Genus Acrantuus, Lindl. ; (Gen. et Sp. Orchid., p. 2438).

Acrantuus arachnitis ; foliis loratis non undulatis, pedunculo capillari, vaginis

internodiis brevioribus appressis, flore 2-poll. diam. toto virescente,

perianthii segmentis e basi lata abrupte caudato-attenuatis subacutis,

sepalo dorsali basi late ovata, lateralibus basi latioribus quam longis

margine inferiore gibboso-producto apicibus deflexis, petalis sepalo

dorsali consimilibus, labello recurvo e basi oblongo subquadrata in

- apicem triangularem caudato-acuminatum contracto, lateribus obscure

unidentatis, calcare brevi sacciformi obtuso.

AcrANTHES arachnitis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub. t. 817.

Dexprosium arachnitis, Petit-Thouars, Hist. Orchid. Iles austral. d'Afrique,

t. 88.

The curious genus Acranthus was founded by Lindley upon

Dendrobium arachnitis of Petit-Thouars, and another species,

brought by Forbes from Madagascar, and which he rightly

distinguished as 4. grandiflora (see Bot Reg. 1.c.), together

with the magnificent dagrecum sesquipedale, which [ need

hardly add is not a congener. In his “Genera et Species

Orchidearum,” however, he modifies this opinion, and refers

Thouars’ plant with a doubt to his 4. grandiflura, saying,

“ I formerly thought Du Petit-Thouars’ D. arachnitis distinct

from this, but a better acquaintance with the habits of tro-

pical Orchidex has now induced me to cancel that supposed

species.” —There is, however, no question but that Lindley’s

first opinion was correct, 4. grandifora differing not only in its

greater size, but in the shorter, broader, undulate, more mem-

branous leaves, the more numerous lax sheaths of the scape,

that exceed the internodes, and the paler yellower green colour

of the flower. 4. arachnitis has been long cultivated at Kew

maY Ist, 1873.

from specimens sent from the Botanic Garden of the Mauritius,

procured no doubt from Madagascar. I find flowers of it in

Lindley’s herbarium, obtained from Kew in 1852, and well

described in Mss. I should add that he changed the name

(possibly through inadvertence) from Acranthes in the

Botanical Register to Acranthus in the ‘“ Genera et Species

Orchidearum,” which latter spelling is retained in his Vege-

table Kingdom, and hence adopted here. The plant here

figured was sent to Kew by Mr. Horne of the Mauritius

Garden.

Descr. Leaves equitant, five to eight inches long by three-

quarters to one inch broad, ovate, recurved, keeled, not un-

dulate, deeply very unequally obtusely 2-lobed at the tip,

sheathing portion short, deep green above, paler beneath.

Peduncle six inches long, very slender, 1-2-flowered at the

apex, with four to six slender brown appressed sheaths which

are shorter than the internodes. Mowers nearly two inches in

diameter across the tips of the sepals, wholly yellow green,

the tips of the perianth-segments, which are all caudate acu-

minate, of a deeper yellow green. Dorsal sepal with a

broadly ovate base; lateral much larger, deflexed, the very

broad base produced into a gibbous lobe on the lower side.

Petals similar to the dorsal sepal. Lip equalling the lateral

sepals, recurved, base quadrate-oblong, abruptly terminating

in a triangular caudate acuminate lobe, with a notch at its

base on each side, disk slightly pubescent, basal angles some-

what recurved ; spura very short inflated oblong obtuse sac.—

J.D. H.

Fig. 1, Side view of base of column, spur, and lip; 2, front view of column

and spur; 3, lip:—all magnified.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son, up

Tas. 6035,

HYPOXIS LONGIFOLIA.

Native of Algoa Bay.

Nat. Ord. HypoxIpEa&.

Genus Hypoxis, Linn, ; (Endl. Gen. Plant., p. 174). .

. Hyroxts longifolia ; perennis, foliis basi membranaceis sublonge vaginantibus

longissimis gramineis 2-pedalibus vix }-poll. latis flaccidis acuminatis,

supra concavis, subtus semicylindricis ecarinatis, marginibus et dorso

parcissime pilosis obscure 7—9-nerviis, scapo radicali foliis multoties

breviore ancipiti inferne glaberrimo superne una cum ovario et

perianthio pilis elongatis appressis molliter villosis, umbella 2—4-flore,

bracteis setaceis pedicellis brevioribus, ovario turbinato, perianthii

aurei 14-poll. diam. segmentis subvalvatis, exterioribus lanceolatis

acutis extus viridibus, interioribus paulo latioribus carina’ tantum

pubescente, staminibus epigynis, filamentis antheris ovato-cordatis

xquilongis, stylo brevi, stigmate conico obtuso, capsula apice tantum

dehiscente, seminibus globosis atris.

Hyroxis longifolia, Baker mss.

A very distinct species of Hypozis, brought by Mr. Cooper

from Algoa Bay when collecting for W. Wilson Saunders,

Esq., remarkable for the great length of its narrow, flaccid,

grass-like leaves. A very similar and probably identical

plant is contained in the Hookerian Herbarium, gathered by

Burke at the Fat river—a stream I do not find in the maps ;

it differs a little in the longer and broader membranous leat-

sheaths and longer filiform bracts, but seems to be otherwise

identical. Mr. Baker, who carefully examined and named

H. longifolia, regards it as being most nearly allied to the

N. American H. erecta (Tab. nost. 701), which is a much

smaller plant, with shorter, broader leaves, differently shaped

anther, and a subcapitate 3-lobed stigma. Our plant flowered

in the Royal Gardens, August, 1871. ;

Dnscr. Stems tufted, covered up the neck with a few

withered remains of old leaves. eaves numerous, the outer

MAY Ist, 1873.

two feet long, spreading on the ground; the inner sheath

suberect ; sheath broad, membranous, two to four inches long; |

blade grass-like, very slender, scarcely a quarter of an inch in

diameter, flaccid, bright green, with a few scattered hairs on

the margins and keel, back semicylindric, face concave,

nerves five to seven, obscure. Scapes several, much shorter

than the leaves, glabrous below the upper part as well as

the flowers densely villous with long silky hairs. Uméel

4—5-flowered, bracts very slender, tiliform, subulate, shorter

than the flowering pedicels, which are one half to three

quarters of an inch long. Ovary turbinate. Perianth one

and a half inches in diameter, golden yellow within, outer

segments lanceolate, subacute, green and villous at the back ;

-inner rather broader, with a dorsal green villous midrib.

Stamens epigynous, very small, filaments short, subulate, as

long as the ovate-cordate small short anthers. S%yle shortly

columnar from a conical base, stigma conic obtuse undivided.

Capsule opening at the top only. Seeds several in each cell,

globose, testa black, punctulate—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Ovary, style and stigma; 2, transverse section of ditto; 3, seed :—

all magnified.

6036

Vincent Brooke Day &Son imp

TAB. 6036.

CROCUS SIEBERI.

Native of Greece.

Nat. Ord. Inrpex.—Tribe Ixrex.

Genus Crocus, Tourn. ; (Klatt in Linnea, vol. xxxiv. p. 647).

Crocus Siebert ; cormi tunicis validis fortiter reticulatis, vaginis subacutis,

foliis 4—7-latiusculis costa nervata canaliculis enervibus, involucro 0,

perianthii tubo pallido, fauce aureo, segmentis violaceis lilacinis v. albis

purpureo striatis elliptico-oblongis obtusis, filamentis brevibus flavis

infra faucem insertis, antheris aureis filamento duplo longioribus, stig-

matibus croceis integris.

Crocus Sieberi, Gay in Bull. Feruss., vol. XXXv- P- 220 (1831). |

C. nivalis, Bory et Chaub. Voyage de la Morée (1832); Herbert in Bot.

Reg. 1847, t. 4, f. 1, et Hist. Sp. Crocus in Journ. .Hort. Soc., vol, i.

p. 274 (1847); Klatt in Linnea, vol. xxxiv. p. 682. ,

_C. sublimis, Herbert in Bot. Reg. 1845, Miscell., p. 73.

C. vernus, Sibth. & Sm. Prodr. Flor. Grec., vol. i. p. 24 ewel. synon.

A common Greek plant, and, in fact, the commonest

Crocus of that country, found at an elevation between

1000 and 7000 feet, according to Professor Orphanides ; also

occurring in Bosnia, Crete, and Herzegovina, flowering fre-

quently near the melting snow. Tt is a very early blooming

species, and I received flowering specimens from Giles

Mumby, Esq., Messrs. Ware of Tottenham, and the Roy al

Gardens, all about the middle of January and beginning of

April. The very closely allied C. veluchensis of Herbert,

which inhabits the Morea and Transylvania, differs chiefly in

wanting the orange colour on the throat. oa

Klatt is no doubt in error in describing the scape as in-

volucrate. It is not so easy to understand Herbert's reason

for considering Gay’s Siederi as different from Bory’s mvalis,

if we suppose, what seems improbable, that these authors

MAY Ist, 1873.

made use of the same terms to designate the various series

of sheaths of the lower leaves and scape, which terms, as

used by Herbert, are anything but intelligible. Herbert

further alters Sieberi of Gay into Sieberianus, in accordance

with his own views of specific nomenclature. Bory figures

the three stigmas as of unequal length and slightly lobed,

which is not the case in our specimens.

Duscr. Corm the size of a hazel-nut, clothed with a stout

longitudinally reticulate brown tunic (not well represented in

the plate). Leaves four to seven, rather broad, produced with

the flowers, shorter than the flowering scape, nerves very faint,

midrib stout. Perianth without an involucre (involucrate

according to Klatt); tube slender, pale ; throat golden yel-

low; limb two to two and a half inches in diameter, segments

elliptic-oblong, obtuse, pale or dark violet-blue, or white with

pale violet-blue streaks. Filaments shorter than the linear

golden anthers. Stigmas deep orange yellow, quite entire,

exceeding the stamens. “ Capsule naked, purple towards the

top. Seeds small, subangled, glabrous, pale brown.” Her-

bert—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Reticulated fibres of the tunic; 2 and 3, stigmas :—both magnijied.

ZZ, March 1st, 1873. a i acca oh ts

RANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD, IPSWICH.

ANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD are the oldest manufacturers of Lawn

B Mowers, their experience in these Machines extending over more than thirty years.

oa The Automaton Lawn Mowers were brought out in 1867 from entirely new designs

“ patterns, embodying the latest improvements suggested by long and varied experience.

rom the universal approbation they have met with, R. 5. & H. can recommend them with

the greatest confidence.

b Machine-made Gearing is adopted for communicating motion to the knives, being the

est and simplest plan far superior to chains or other methods ;

not liable to get out of order.

The Cutting Barrels are fitted with the best knives, of rolled steel and iron combined.

The steel forms the cutting edge and the iron at the back wears away faster than the steel edge,

thus maintaining a sharp cutting edge much longer than when the knives are entirely of steel, or

steel both front and back. The pivots and bearings are of hardened steel, so that these

important parts will last several seasons without requiring repair.

_ _No Ribs in the Grass are left by these Machines, but a beautiful flat uniform surface

is obtained, giving the lawn a carpet-like appearance, very far superior to any work which can

be done with a scythe and at a much less cost.

All the Grass 1s Collected by these Machines thus obviating the necessity of

sweeping the Jawn after it 1s cut. ;

If desired the Cut Grass can be Left on the Lawn by simply removing

the box in front of the Machine, thus combining the advantages of both the systems of lawn

mowing before the public.

THEY ARE EXTREMELY SIMPLE, VERY DURABLE, LICHT IN DRAUCHT,

AND NOT LIABLE TO CET OUT OF ORDER.

MORE THAN 7,000 AUTOMATON LAWN MOWERS

ARE GIVIN G THE ty REATERE. SATI SFACTION.

Testimonials from 35 English Counties given on the inside pages.

lway Stations in England.

Prices, including Free Delivery to the Principal Rai

8-inch, suitable for ve : 510 0

eld teeta ry small Lawns £2 inch, to be used by a Man... £5 1

1o-inch, suitable for a Lady Penenne 3 = 4 epee: a i ee ia 610 0

12-inch, = Lad... 32 4210 O01} iSinch to be use hd a Man 710 O

20-inch y 8 00

Packing Cases, 6s, extra. | These Cases are most convenient for keeping t he Machines in during the Winter.)

Full prices allowed for Cases if returned.

A New Horse-Power Machine, with draft-bar complete, 36-inch, suitable for

a Horse or Pony «= ~ #24

rm their work

» SIMS & HEAD achines to perfo

guarantee these M 1 ithi wh.

Perfectly, and ifnot approved of, they may be returned, carriage-paid, [over

Laas :

as whilst almost noiseless, it is

REPORTS FROM THIRTY-FIVE COUNTIES

ON THE

“AUTOMATON LAWN MOWER.”

1—BEDFORDSHIRE.—From Mr. W. R.

Southam, Dunstable.—Your Automaton Lawn

Mower gives great satisfaction, and does its work

remarkably well.

2.—BERKSHIRE—From Mr. J. Holden,

Crown Nursery, Reading.—The Automaton

Lawn Mower gives satisfaction to myself and the

gentleman who has bought it. I will thank you to

send me another 10-inch Machine immediately.

38.—BUCKS.—From Mr. W. Grimsdell, High

Wycombe.—Mr. Grimsdell is very much pleased

with the 16-in. Automaton Lawn Mower.

4.-CAMBRIDGESHIRE.—From the Rev.

Edwd. J. Routh, M.A., Newnham —I have

great pleasure in stating that the Automaton Lawn

Mower I purchased from you a year ago gives me com-

plete satisfaction m every way. It works well and

smoothly, and does not get out of order.

CAMBRIDGESHIRE—John Symonds,

Esq., Dotterel Hall, Balsham, has used one

of Ransomes, Sims & Head’s Automaton Lawn Mowers

for 4 years, and has much pleasure in saying that he

can recommend it with confidence.

_CAMBRIDGESHIRE.—From G. F. Jos-

ling, Esq., Great Thurlow Hall, nr. New-

market.— Having used Messrs. Ransomes’ Automaton

Lawn Mower two seasons, I have pleasure in stating

that Iam perfectly satisfied with it in every way, and

consider it a very useful machine, being both strong

and light in draught.

CAMBRIDGESHIRE.—From Edwd. P.

Frost, Esq., West Wratting Hall.—I have

pleasure in stating that the Automaton Lawn Mower

with which you supplied me, works very satisfactorily.

5.—CARNARVONSHIRE.—From Lt.-Col.

Williams, Bangor.—Liecut.-Col. Williams begs to

inform Messrs. R. §. & H. that the Automaton Lawn

Mower arrived safely, and has been in daily use this

week, working to his entire satisfaction.

6.-CHESHTRE.—From Mr. John Down-

ward, Hampton Hall, Malpas.—I have had

an Automaton Lawn Mower in constant work for

a twelvemonth, and consider it a good and efficient

implement.

7-~DERBYSHIRE.—From Mr. C. Benns,

Clay Cress, Chesterfield —The Automaton

Lawn Mower you sent me answers very well; indeed it

is the only one I have had which does not require more

power to work it than is advertised.

8.—DEVONSHIRE.—From Mr. W. James,

Ringmore House, Teignmouth.—My gar-

dener informs me that the Automaton Lawn Mower

with which a Supplicd me last summer, works

admirably and quite to his satisfaction in all respects,

9.-DORSETSHIRE—From Mr. C. Beale,

areham.—Be good enough to send off immediately

a 14-inch Automaton Lawn Mower. The one you sent

does its work in a first-rate style.

10._DURHAM.—From Mr. Thos. Hall, Tat-

field House, Washington.—The Automaton

Lawn Mower purchased last season has given me good

= I shall have no hesitation in recommend-

it.

11—ESSEX.—From E. C. Javal, Esq. Ran-

cliffe House, East Ham.—I have sat plea-

_ Sure in expressing the satisfaction given to me by the

Automaton Lawn Mower supplied by you in the year

1869. I may add that it is now as efficient as when I

received it from you.

ESSEX.—From T. Eglinton A. Gwynne

ry = ’

Esq.,J-P., F.8.A., &c., Cliff House, Dover-

court.—I have much pleasure in stating that the

Automaton Lawn Mower obtained from your establish-

ment works very satisfactorily. It does its work in a

superior and rapid manner, and my gardeners express

themselves much pleased with it.

ESSEX.—From the Rev. Perey Smith,

Pattiswick Rectory, Braintree.—I have now

given your Automaton Lawn Mower trial of full a year,

and it has more than exceeded my expectations. It has

never been out of order ; and it performs its work ex

Peditiously and efficiently. My gardener, an intelligent

man, who knows well its make and performance, is

much pleased with the machine, and has never regretted,

abandoning the scythe for it.

ESSEX.—From Mr. J. Douglas, Gardener

toF. Witbourn, Hsq., Loxford Hall, Iiford.

—I have muck pleasure in bearing testimony to the

excellence of your Automaton Lawn Mower. It is

remarkably easy to work, the arrangement for setting

the knives is most simple, and the machine itself is not

liable to get out of order. It is the most efficient Lawn

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ESSEX.—From E. Mead, Esq., South

House, Great Waltham, Chelmsford.—The

Automaton Lawn Mower is a first-class Machine. I

am very pleased with its work. I have used it when

the grass is wet, as well as when hard and dry, and

see no difference in its work, which cannot be said of any

others.

ESSEX.--From Mr. H. Harrison, Gardener

to W. H. Dunnett, Esq., Dedham.—Now the

mowing season is past, I beg to testify to you my satisfac-

tion with the 36-inch and 20-inch Automaton Lawn

Mowers I got from you last May; I have used the 36-inch

Machine with a small pony, on a very sloping piece of

grass, with perfect ease and ithas done its work in amost

oom and satisfactory manner. Of the 20-inch hand

achine, enough cannot be said in its praise; the easi-

ness of draught, and the clean and perfect cut, are most

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was rather in a rough state when we commenced with

your Machines, now it is allone can wish for I have

great pleasure in recommending your 20-inch Lawn

Mower for small places, as the best I have used.

12.-GLOUCESTERSHIRE.—From Mr. E.

Bridges, Collonade, Cheltenham.--The aa

maton Lawn Mower you sent me is one of the best

have ever seen, and does its work admirably. I shall

recommend these Machines wherever I can.

13.—HANTS—From R. H. Cooper, Esa»

Stud Farm, Lymington.—The Automaton Lawn

Mower has given great satisfaction. It cuts the grass

well, works easily, and has never got out of order.

HANTS.—ISLE OF WIGHT.— From

John Le Mesurin, Esq., Bimbridge.—I am

glad to be able to report that your Automaton Lawn

Mower works most satisfactorily. :

14._HERTFORD.—Mr. J. Cooper, Maiden-

head Street.—I have great pleasure in saying, from

what I have seen of your Automaton Lawn pig

through my customers, that they really are very 52! at

factory. 1 think I am right in saying I have ¥ 5

no complaint whatever. This fact will speak for their

value, &c.

15.—HUNTS.—From A. Sperling, Bsa.J-P3

Lattenbury Hall, St. ives.—I have

Ransomes’ small-size Automaton Lawn Mower

several years, and I prefer it to other machines.

a work well and easily, and the wear and tear

ight.

HUNTS.—From Mr. Jas. Bartram, Gar

dener to J. Rust, Esq., Alconbury House”

I have mueh pleasure in recommending your pegonrer

aton Lawn Mower, having had one for two se we

which for durability, freeness of cutting and con

nience, has given me great satisfaction. i“

16.—KENT.—From A. Jackson, Esq, May:

field Place, Orpington.—The Automaton;

Mower is a first-rate one, and cannot be better. =

Archimedian, just come out, will not go vie! ro

it leaves the cut grass on the lawn, which has

swept off afterwards.

ou in 1869, works quite to our satisfaction. we®

: experience that the grass ought to be mown th Leys

state than when cut with the scythe; also ualities

ought to be taken that there be no § pairs ok Se

of ground, and no loose pebbles. These cau D

presume, must be necessary in the use of bie Pe the

mower. With a trifling attention to these ig cen 20

implement works extremely well. There has be

breakage of any importance.

RANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD, ORWELL WORKS, IPSWICH.

Reports on the Automaton Lawn Mower, continued.

17.-LANCASHIRE.—From Mr. C. Rylance,

Town Green, Aughton, Ormskirk.—The

Automaton Lawn Mower came to hand safely, and gives

satisfaction. I will take every opportunity of recom-

mending your machines,

18.-LEICESTERSHIRE.—From E. Fisher,

Esq., Market Harboro’.—The Ransomes’ 10-in,

Lawn Mower works very well indeed.

19.-LINCOLNSHIRE.—From J, iL. Bell,

¥sq., Bourn.—I beg to bear testimony to the general

good qualities, in addition to the material and manu-

facture of your Automaton Lawn Mower. Ihave other

machines, but in preference, always use yours, as none

approach it for steady, uniform, clean cutting.

20.—MIDDLESEX.—From J.J. Arrow, Esa.,

Dalston.—I have much pleasure in informing you

how excessively well your Automaton Lawn Mower

works. I have had it constantly in use for the last two

summers, and therefore can testify as to its good quali-

ties, both as regards its use and durability, and have

no hesitation in saying that it surpasses all others I

have seen in working and simplicity

MIDDLESEX.—From C. Ballance, Esq.,

Stanley House, Lower Clapton.—I have much

pleasure in bearing testimony to the excellence of your

Automaton Lawn Mower. I have had itin constant

use for two years, and as yet it has needed no repairs,

I am just commencing to use it for the third season.

21.—NORFOLK—From Mr. T. Williams,

Gardener to R. Bagge, Esq., Gaywood Hail,

King’s Lynn.—The Automaton Lawn Mower that

we had of you gives me great satisfaction, and I have no

hesitation in saying that it is the best machine I have

ever used for easiness of draught and uniform surface.

NORFOLK.—From W. M. Hazard, Esq.,

Harleston.—The 20-in. Ransomes’ Automaton Lawn

Mower I purchased of you gives me perfect satisfaction,

and I think it is in every respect a first-class machine,

very simple and easy to work.

22.-_NORTHAMPT. ONSHIRE.—Rev.A. W.

Annand, Roade Vicarage, Northampton.—

The Rey. A. W. Annand, has much pleasure in stating

that he has one of Messrs, Ransomes’ 14-in. Autom-

aton Lawn Mowers in use for the last two years, and

that during that time it has never been out of order,

but has done its work entirely to his satisfaction.

23.-NORTHUMBERLAND.—From J. Gib-

son, Esq., Roseworth Tower, Gosforth —

My gardener has used Ransomes’ Automation Lawn

Mower for nearly three years, and it has given entire

Satisfaction

24.-NOTTINGHAMSHIRE.—-From Rev.

C. H. Prance, Sutton Ashfield, Mansfield.

>I am entirely satisfied with the Automaton Lawn

Mower you sent me.

25—OXFORDSHIRE.—From Mrs. Brick-

well, Overthorpe Lodge, Banbury.—Mrs.

Brickwell has had two of Messrs. Ransomes’ Automaton

Lawn Mowers in use for four years; they have done the

work well, without requiring any repairs.

OXFORDSHIRE.—From R. sai

Esq., Elm Tree Villa, Cowley, Oxford.—'Thé

10-inch Automaton Lawn Mower I bought of you at the

Oxford Show last year is everything that I can wish

tok My young stable-boy can work it with the greatest

26.--SHROPSHIRE.—From Vice-Admiral

F. Vere Cotton, Allport House, Whit-

church.—I am much pleased with Messrs. Ransomes’

Automaton Lawn Mower, it is doing its work perfectly.

27.—SOMERSETSHIRE —From Mr. Henry

arker, Mountlands, Taunton.—The Autom-

aton Lawn Mower I bought of you last year works

very well, and its construction is good.

28.—STAFFORDSHIRE.—From H. M. Mor-

an, Esq., M.D., Lichfield.—After having used

e Ransomes’ Automaton Lawn Mower the whole of

last summer, Iam able to say it does its work efficiently,

and has given me entire satisfaction.

29.—SUFFOLK.—_From L. P. Jeffs, Esq.,

ey bread.—The two Ransomes’ Automaton Lawn

Mowers are the best machines I ever saw. They do

their work beautifully, quite beyond my expectations,

SUFFOLK.—From J. R. Ansell, Esa.,

Kirton.—I have great pleasure in informing you that

the Automaton Lawn Mower with which you supplied

me in 1869 meets with my approval. I have never had

-any thing done to it, and it is now in first-class order.

SUFFOLK.—R. Porter, Esq., Rushmere,

Ipswich.—I have much pleasure in stating that the

Automaton Lawn Mowergives great satisfaction, work-

ing very efficiently and being easily kept in order.

30.—SURREY.—From J. Powell, H9qs Field

House, Lark Hall Rise,Clapham.—lammuch

pleased with the Automaton Lawn Mower you supplied

to me in 1869. It does its work very well, and has

required no adjusting or sharpening during the whole

period.

SURREY.—From RB. C. Bell, Esq., Kew.—

My Automaton Lawn Mower has worked very well, but

I find it goes easier without the box, and as the cuttings

improve the grass, and have no slovenly appearance, I

have left off using that appendage for some time.

SURREY.—From A. Neame, Esq., Court

Lodge, Sutton.—The Automaton Lawn Mower you

supplied to me in 1869 is apparently as good as when I

first had it, after having been constantly used, and has

not cost me one shilling to keep in order. I see no

prospect of requiring another; should I do so, I should

certainly purchase an Automaton.

31.-SUSSEX.—F rom B. H. Combe,#sq.,J.P.,

Oaklands, Westfield,near Battle.—I am v

much pleased with the Automaton Lawn Mower; it

works very well and easily.

32._W ARWICKSHIRE.—From E. Scriver,

Esq., Wormleighton Hill, Leamington.—

The 12-inch Automaton Lawn Mower I had from you

in 1867 continues to do its work efficiently, and I con-

sider it a most excellent and durable machine,

.—-WILTSHIRE.—From_ J. Ferris, Esq.,

oe ittle Wishford, near Salisbury.—I consider

the Automaton Lawn Mower I purchased last year, a

very useful machine. As it cuts the grass level and

sonia clean work behind, and by so doing, saves

manual labour.

TSHIRE.--From Mr. Geo. Wilkin,

Prt bo H. F. Talbot, Esq., Lacock Abbey.

—After using the Automaton Lawn Mower for nearly

three years, it has given me entire satisfaction; it

performs its work quickly and well, and I like the gear

much better than chains. I feel much pleasure in

recommending it to my friends, which I can do with

confidence. whee ba

TSHIRE—From Mr. John Curnic,

Nevherstrost Farm, Bromham, Devizes.—

The Automaton Lawn Mower I bought in 1869, gives

me great satisfaction; it works easily, does its work

well, and has greatly improved my lawn.

~ TER.—From Messrs. Clunes

34 swe have tried one of your Automaton

Lawn Mowers, and are pleased to say that it works

very satisfactorily. ~ 7 tipthe tobias

— KSHIRE—From J. e Robin-

a0 ee. , Westwood, Beverley.—I ——

to inform you that the Automaton Lawn vtetod

which I purchased of you in 1869 answers exceedingly

well: [like it very much. It has never given way in

any ‘part, and does it work just as well as when it was

new, although it has been constantly used. Some os

lawn mowers are frequently getting out of order, an

are the subject of continual complaint.

JER _—From James Levesque, Esq.,

Guat: the 18-inch Automaton Lawn Mower

ou sent here gives the highest satisfaction ; and al-

though in full work for two seasons, has cost nothing

for repairs, and is now as good as when first bought.

ND.—From W. P. Urquhart, Esq.,

MP Castle Pollard, Co. Westmeath—I am

happy to add my testimony, if it can be of any service

to you, in favour of the efficiency of your Automaton

Lawn Mower, one of which you supplied to me in 1869,

It has been in constant use, has never got out of

order, and has accomplished the task of keeping a lawn

smooth which was not in a very promising condition.

RANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD,

ORWELL WORKS, IPSWICH.

ENLARGED DRAWING OF THE

FRONT PART OF THE “AUTOMATON” LAWN MOWER. |

Showing mode of Adjusting the Cutters to the Ledger Blade, and regulating

| the cutting height from the ground.

| B the adjustable arm which carries the revolving knives or cutters D D. C is the fixed ‘ledger’ or cutting

| blade, against the front edge of which the knives D Dact. E and F are adjusting screws for accurately regulating

the revolying knives D D to the fixed ledger blade ©. G are wooden rollers which support the front of the

Machine and keep the knives and ledger blade just clear of the ground. These rollers are easily adjusted by

screws Q, so as to regulate the cutting height from the ground. The revolving knives D D should just press

lightly against the fixed ledger blade C, and this degree of nicety can be easily and exactly adjusted by means of

the screws E and F. If, for instance, the knives do not quite touch the ledger blade C, slacken the nut E atrifle,

and tighten the screw F. If, on the contrary, the cutters press too hard upon the blade C, then slacken the screw —

F and tighten up the nut E. A leaf of a plant or shrub, ora slip of writing paper applied between the edges of

the revolving knives D D and the edge of the ledger blade ©, will show when they cut properly by producing a

clean cut, on the knives being made to revolve, and no more pressure or closeness ought to be given than 1s

sufficient to produce this effect. Care should be taken never to overstrain the set screws, but they should be tight

enough to ensure their not becoming loose of themselves.

__ When the knives require sharpening, take off the side wheel cover, then screw the small iron handles (sent

with the Machine) into the arm of the outside toothed wheel, and turn this wheel rapidly backwards, first takin

care that the frame is supported on each side by a brick or block of wood placed below the bearings of the main

rollers. This rapid turning of the knives in a contrary direction to that which they revolve when in use,

very soon sharpen both the knives and ledger blade, if at the same time oil 1s freely dropped upon them, and also

some fine emery (nearly the finest made) carefully shaken upon the revolving knives, Adjust the knives upon —

the ledger blade delicately, as the process of grinding goes on.

" — Instructions for using, keeping in order, and adjusting the Automaton Lawn Mower sent with every |

achine. ;

NEWLY DESIGNED GARDEN ROLLERS.

Ransomes, Sims & HEAD can

recommend these Rollers with the

greatest confidence. They are of

solid construction, and the best |

workmanship, being designed

rather for use than ornament. The

bearing of the Roller is in the

centre of the cylinder instead of at

the ends, so that dirt is practically

excluded.

These Rollers do not leave ribs

in the grass or gravel, like the

double rollers, and are much lower

in price. As the axles do not

project beyond the handles, the

danger of injuring shrubs ane

barking trees is avoided. .

PRICES.—16 in., 60/- 18in.,.70/- 20in., 80/- 22in., 90/- 24 in., 100)

Including free delivery to the principal Railway Stations and Shipping Ports in England.

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6087

acosaenye secon ee

Tas. 6037.

ODONTOGLOSSUM vexituariom.

Native of New Grenada.

Nat. Ord. OrcuipEm.—Tribe VAaNnDE&.

Genus Opontoaiossum, H. B. and K. ; (Lindl. Fol. Orchid., Odontoglossum).

OpontogLossum (Phalenopsoidea) vexillarium; pseudobulbis parvis anguste

oblongis compressis, foliis pedalibus anguste elliptico-lanceolatis acumi-

natis, scapo gracili 2—4-flore, floribus maximis roseo-suffusis, perianthio

plano, marginibus foliolorum basique labelli albis, sepalis petalisque late

obovato-oblongis obtusis acutis vy. subacutis, labello maximo orbiculari

2-lobo, ima basi in unguem brevem contracto, ungue hastato angulis in

cornua acuta adscendentia productis, disco pauci-calloso, columna

brevissima exalata.

Oponroctossum vexillarium, Reichb. f. in. Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1867,

p- 901; 1872, p. 667 cum in Xylog.; 1873, p. 580, and 644, fig. 125.

The first notice of this plant, which is now deservedly the

envy of every Orchid grower who does not possess it, ap-

peared in the “ Gardeners’ Chronicle” of 1867, where, as we

gather from our friend Professor Reichenbach, the interests

of science are unfortunately sacrificed to the desire of the sole

possessor of any useful information regarding its origin and

country that these should be withheld from the public. In

the volume for 1872, however, a full account of its intro- —

duction, obtained from various growers, is given by Professor.

Reichenbach, and from which I learn that the plant was

overlooked by Warscewicz, discovered by the late lamented

Bowman on the western slope of the Andes of New Grenada,

and sent home alive, but in a dying state, first by Mr. Wallis,

when collecting for Mr. Linden, and secondly by Mr. Roezl,

also dead, and lastly, by Mr. Henry Chesterton, whose plants

flowered with Messrs. Veitch, to whom I am indebted for

the opportunity of now figuring it. Considering the worship

now being paid to this Queen amongst Orchids, it would be

JUNE Ist, 1873,

’

superfluous to discuss its beauty, to which Mr. Fitch has |

done no more than justice in the plate. Its resemblance to

a Miltoma in flower is. very striking, and it adds another

instance to the many existing of the difficulty there is in

fixing the generic limits of epiphytic Orchids. The form of

the sepals and labellum and their relative sizes vary exceed-

ingly, and are very dissimilar from those figured in the

Gardeners’ Chronicle (1873, fig. 123), also from Messrs.

Veitch’s Orchid houses.

Descr. Pseudobulbs one and a half to two and a half inches

long, narrow-oblong, compressed. Leaves six to twelve inches

long, by one to one and a half inches broad, narrowly elliptic-

lanceolate from a narrower sheathing base, acute, keeled,

deep green above, paler beneath. Scapes several, some-

times six from one pseudobulb, very slender, longer

than the leaves, sheaths small, distant, appressed. Hacemes

3-4-flowered ; flowers on slender pedicels, bracts a quarter of

an inch long. Flowers much the largest of the genus, very

variable in size, the largest four inches long; perianth quite

flat. Sepals subequal, obovate-oblong or obovate-cuneate,

subacute or truncate, flat, rather recurved, very pale rose-

coloured. Petals larger or smaller than the sepals, and of

the same shape, but usually more acute, of a deep rose-colour,

with a broad white margin. Lip quite flat, of one large,

almost rounded 2-lobed limb, contracted into a claw at the

base, and produced there into two ovate acute ascending

bracts ; there is a small 2-lobed callus at the very base of the

claw, close to the column, and three small ones at its distal

end ; the lip is white, suffused with deep rose-colour on the

disk of each half, and pale yellow streaked with red on the

claw. Column very short indeed.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Base of lip and column :—magnified.

6038

{

Day & Son,im )

TO OKS

°]

Vincent

Tas. 6038.

LALIA J ONGHIANA.

Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. OrcuipE#.—Tribe EpIpENDREz.

Genus Lauia, Lindl. ; (Gen. et Sp. Orchid., p. 115).

Leta Jonghiana; rhizomate robusto radicibus crassis, pseudobulbis

approximatis erectis compressis elliptico-oblongis tunica alba apice

oblique truncata acuta latere fissa arcte indutis, folio solitario brevi

lato elliptico-oblongo apice rotundato emarginato crapissime coriaceo

saturate viridi, scapis 1—2-floris, floribus 4—44 poll. diametr., labelli

apice albo excepto amethystinis, sepalis lineari-lanceolatis acutis,

petalis late elliptico-oblongis obtusis, labelli lobis undulatis crispatis

et erosis albis, disco carinis 7 aureis parallelis undulatis ante lobum

medium abrupte terminatis ornato, columna elongata exalata, pollinia 8..

Latta Jonghiana, Reichb. f. and Libon in Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1872,

p. 425 f 128.

According to Professor Reichenbach this very distinct and

beautiful plant was discovered by M. Libon, an ill-fated young

traveller, who fell a victim to his zeal in the Brazils, and after

whom the pretty genus Zisonia was named ; and the intro-

duction is due to Mr. de Jonghe of Brussels, an eminent cul-

tivator, after whom it was named in accordance with M.

Libon’s wishes. The specimen here figured was communi-

cated by Messrs. Veitch, with whom it flowered in March of

the present year.

In the sixth volume of Walper’s “Annales,” the genera

Cattleya, Lelia, and Bletia are united by Dr. Reichenbach

under the latter name: I prefer to follow his practice

in separating at any rate the membranous plaited leaved

species of Blefia proper, from the coriaceous-leaved Catileyas

and Lelias—though, as between Pleione and Celogyne, the

difference is not always easy to support. .

Drscr. Rhizome very stout, creeping, with remarkably

thick root-fibres. Pseudobulbs one and a half to two and a

JUNE Ist, 1873.

half inches long, approximate, narrow ovate-oblong, com-

pressed, green, clothed with a white membranous appressed

sheath, that ends in a short point, and is usually split on one

side; a short outer boat-shaped sheath also envelops the base

of the pseudobulb. Leaf sessile, short, three to five inches

long by one and a half to one and three-quarters of an inch

broad, broadly oblong, tip rounded (rarely acuminate, accord-

ing to Mr. Liiddemann), or emarginate, very coriaceous,

indeed, deep bright green and shining. Scape stout, much

shorter than the leaf, 1-2-flowered. Mower four inches in

diameter across the petals, which, as well as the sepals and

convolute body of the lip, are of a bright amethyst colour.

Sepals \inear-lanceolate, acute. Petals larger and broader

than the petals, broadly elliptic-oblong, obtuse. Lip convo-

lute ; lateral lobes very shallow, and, as well as the short

emarginate midlobe, white with crisped and waved minutely

toothed margins; disk of the body of the lip white, with |

seven parallel, slender undulate, golden-yellow ridges, which

are not prolonged on to the midlobe. Column slender, not

winged. Pollen masses eight.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Column ; 2, lip spread open; 8 and 4, front and back view of pollen-

masses :—all magnified.

6059

Witch, del

Son, imp

Vincent Brooke Day &

Tas. 6039.

BEGON IA HERBACEA.

Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. BEGONIACEA.

Genus Begonia, Linn. ; (A. DC. Prodr., vol. xv. pt. 1, p. 278).

Brconta (Trachelocarpus) herbacea; rhizomate crasso repente apice folioso,

foliis subsessilibus v. petiolatis confertis elongato-oblanceolatis acumi-

natis irregulariter denticulato-serratis viridibas basi contractis obtusis

v. in petiolum angustatis, stipulis ovatis pectinato-ciliatis, floribus

masculis ad apicem scapi elongati umbellatis, bracteis 2 oppositis con-

cavis ciliatis, sepalis 2, petalis 0, femineis axillaribus sessilibus—

3-sepalis, petalis 0, ovario lagenzformi, stigmatibus reniformibus

apicibus brevibus tortis.

Beconta herbacea; Vellozo Flor. Flum., vol. x. t. 533 A. DC. Prodr.,

vol. xv. p. 388. ‘

B. attenuata, Masters in Gard. Chron., 1873, p. 679, fig. 129 (not of A. DC.)

This singular species of Begonia belongs to a small and

very little known Brazilian section of the genus, of which

there are three supposed species, all very imperfectly de-

scribed. They differ from their congeners in the moncecious

inflorescence, on which the male flowers are raised on long

scapes, and the females are sessile in the axils of the leaves.

The species here figured is a native of Rio de Janeiro, and

is published in the ‘Flora Fluminensis,” a work equally

remarkable for its pretentious character and the badness of

its execution. The figure it gives of our plant forms no

exception to this, omitting as it does the stipules, bracts,

female flowers and all analysis, but being in other respects

identical and very characteristic as to habit, I have no hesita-

tion in assuming it to be the plant before me, and hence in

adopting Vellozo’s name. It is very probable that the other

species of the section, B. rhizocarpa, Fischer, and B. attenuata,

A. DC., may prove varieties of it, the former differimg in the

JUNE Ist, 1873. :

white-spotted leaves with fewer nerves and shorter male

peduncles, and the latter in the fewer nerves, 2-flowered

short male peduncles, and long petioles.

Begonia attenuata has long been cultivated at Kew, where

it was received from the Botanical Gardens of Berlin; it has

also been sent to me for determination by Mr. Burbidge

from the Manchester Botanic Gardens. It flowers freely in

the month of March.

Drscr. Rhizome as thick as the little finger, creeping, cylin-

dric, clothed with root fibres and persistent stipules. Leaves

tufted at the end of the rhizome, four to six inches long,

sessile or petioled, oblanceolate, acuminate, margin serrulate

and obscurely lobed, quite glabrous, concolorous, pale green,

nerves oblique, seven to eight on each side, base obtuse or ©

acute; petiole naked or winged, the wings undulate. Sfi-

pules broadly ovate, pectinate-ciliate. Scape of male flowers

rather shorter than the leaves, slender, terete, erect,

4—6-flowered ; bracts orbicular, concave, pectinate-ciliate.

Male flowers half to three quarters inch in diameter, um-

belled, pedicels a quarter of an inch long. Sepals two,

orbicular-ovate, obtuse, white Anthers in a globose stipitate

head, cuneate, obtuse. Female flowers sessile in the axils of

the leaves. Ovary turbinate from an obtuse base, contracted

above into a beak one-third of an inch long, trigonous, angles

winged, wings obscurely toothed or lobed. Sepals three,

nearly orbicular, white. Style short, arms three, with reni-

form’ broad stigmas, the corners of which have twisted

appendages. Placentas entire—J. D. H.

Fig 1, Leaf: natural size; 2, stamens; 3 and 4, anthers; 5, ovary;

6, transverse section of ovary :—all magnified.

6040

ye a yal

yA ow ad 0:

= .

wer

Vincent Brooks Day & Sonimip

Tas. 6040.

GREYIA SUTHERLANDI.

Native of Natal.

Nat. Ord. Saprnpace®.—Sub-order MELIANTHE.

Genus Grevia, Hook. and Harv. ; (Benth. § Hook.f. Gen. P1., vol.i. p. 100).

Greyia Sutherlandi ; Hook. and Harv. in Harvey Thesaurus Capensis, t. 1.

Harvey and Sonder Flor. Cap., vol. ii. p. 308; Harvey Gen. S. African

Plants., ed. 2, p- 62.

This singular and beautiful plant, which was raised by

Dr. Moore from seed introduced into the Glassnevin Gardens’

about the year 1859, has been so extensively distributed both

by himself and from Kew, that it is now one of the commonest

plants in European Botanic Gardens. Singularly enough,

though growing very freely and even luxuriantly in our green-

houses, it had never flowered in Europe, except (I believe) in

the south of France, till March of the present year, when a

small plant in a 6-inch pot, in the Chelsea Botanic Gardens,

having been starved for the purpose, threw off all its leaves,

and put forth instead a raceme of coral-like buds, which the

curator, Mr. Thomas Moore, was good enough to communt-

cate to me for figuring in the Botanical Magazine. ‘This,

though much inferior as to its inflorescence to the wild

specimens (which bear upwards of 100 flowers in racemes

pete to three inches in diameter) is so characteristic, that I

gladly take the opportunity of figuring it.

Greyia Sutherld adi rage a eat tree at Port Natal,

described by its discoverer, Dr. Sutherland, the Surveyor-

General of the colony and an ardent naturalist, as growing n

clefts of much exposed headlands, at elevations of 2000 to

6000 feet, in the Drakenburg mountains, and flowering in

August and September (early spring). It was named after

Sir George Grey, K.C.B., Governor-General of the Cape

Colony at the time of its discovery.

JUNE Ist, 1873.

The affinities of Greyia are not at first obvious, and are

still disputed. Dr. Harvey referred it doubtfully to Saz-

fragee, and I unhesitatingly to the suborder Melianthee of

Sapindacee, a position which my friend did not accept, on the

ground that it differs from Sapindacee “ in its 1-celled ovary,

parietal placentas, indefinite and very numerous ovules,

copiously albuminous seeds, and minute straight embryo.”

(See Gen. S. Afric. Pl. ed. 2, p. 62). But the ovary is

5-celled, and the placentas axile, whilst all the other cha-

racters noted above as discrepant, actually accord precisely

with those of Melianthee, to which the curious thick branches,

unequal stamens, and membranous almost follicular capsule

further ally it, and leave no doubt in my mind of its true

relationship with that order. The figure here given is taken

from dried specimens in part. Professor Oliver has remarked

upon native specimens recently received from Mr. Cooper, that

the petiole, in falling away, carries with it the old cuticle of

the bark from a considerable portion of the branch.

Descr. A small tree, with thick naked branches, covered

with a yellowish brown bark. Leaves clustered at the ends of

the branches, spreading, petioled, two to three inches long, orbi-

cular ovate or oblong, deeply cordate at the base, margins lobu-

late and toothed, glabrous, minutely glandular, veins spreading,

deep green above, paler beneath; petiole three-quarters to |

one inch long, dilated at the base. Racemes terminal, four

to six inches long, subcylindric, two to three inches in

diameter, very many-flowered; bracts lanceolate; pedicels

glabrous, one-half to three-quarters of an inch long. owers

drooping, densely imbricating downwards, subglobose, about

half an inch in diameter. Calya hemispheric, green, with tive

broad rounded erect lobes. Petals five, subequal, much

longer than the calyx, orbicular, concave, glossy, scarlet,

fleshy and shining. Disé cupular, with ten marginal teeth,

each crowned with a peltate gland. Stamens ten, subregular,

hypogynous, filaments curved, slender, red, exserted; anthers

short, dark red-purple. Ovary elongate-ovoid, laterally

5-lobed, 5-celled, narrowed into a subulate style with a punc-

tiform stigma; ovules numerous, biseriate in the inner angle

of the cells. rwit capsular, septicidally 5-valved, mem-

branous, many-seeded. Seeds albuminous, embryo minute.

oe 0. H..

Fig, 1, Flower; 2, the same with the calyx and petals removed; 3, por-

tion of disk and glands; 4, ovary; 5, transverse section of ditto;

6, capsule :—all but fig. 6 magnified.

6041.

— spanecea s

ek cpaeiearte i — ve

«Vincent Brooks Day 4 Sea, bor

Tas. 6041.

LINARIA HETEROPHYLLA.

Native of Maroceo.

Nat. Ord. ScropHULARINER.—Tribe ANTIRRHINEA.

Genus Lrnaria, Linn, ; (Benth. in DC. Prodr., vol. x. p. 265).

Linaria (Linariastrum) heterophylla; annua, caule erecto gracili preter

ramoso superne et inflorescentia glanduloso-puberulis, foliis alternis

linearibus obtusis laxis, floribus breviter pedicellatis dense confertis

pallide stramineis, bracteis parvis oblongis pedicellis brevioribus, calyce

parvo segmentis linearibus erectis, corolla pollicari caliare recto subu-

lato tubo wquilongo, labio superiore recto elongato alte bifido, labii

inferioris lobo medio perbrevi lateralibus deflexis breviore, palato

valde prominente, capsula brevi compressa calycem vix excedente, stylo

2-fido, seminibus minutis, curvis obtuse trigonis transverse sulcatis,

Lrvarta heterophylla, Desfont. Fl. Atlant., vol. ii. p. 48, t. 140.

L. reticulata, Reichb. Iconogr., t. 431; non Desf.

L. stricta, Guss, Pl. Rar. Sic., p. 250.

L. aparinoides, Chav. Monog., p. 188; Benth. in DC. Prodr., vol. vii.

p. 275.

ANTIRRHINUM aparinoides, Willd. Sp. Pl., vol. iii. p. 247.

A. strictum, Sm. et Sibth., Flor. Gree., vol. vi. p. 75, t. 594.

A. multicaule, Ten. Fl. Nap. Prodr., p. 86 non Linn.

A tall branching annual, not uncommon in fields at the

foot of the Greater Atlas, and at Casa-blanca on the west

(Atlantic) coast of Marocco, a country which, as remarked

under the beautiful Z. maroccana (Tab. nost. 5983), abounds

in species of this genus. Though resembling a good deal at

first sight the English Z. vulgaris, it differs conspicuously in

the pale flowers, small bracts, very prominent palate, remark-

ably long straight deeply 2-lobed upper lip of the corolla,

in the very short midlobe of the lower lip, and the small

capsule not exceeding the calyx; it is further an annual,

and of a more branching habit ; the seeds, also, are

wholly different, not, as erroneously figured by the artist in

_ JUNE Ist, 1873.

our plate, discoid with an orbicular wing, but minute

trigonous and deeply transversely grooved. |

L. pallidifora was raised from seed brought by Mr. Maw

and myself from Marocco in 1871, and flowered in July of the

following year. It is a native of Sicily and Cyprus, but was

discovered by Desfontaines in North Africa, and described and

figured by him as ZL. heterophylla in 1798. Willdenow, in

1800, referring all Linarias to Antirrhinum, in which there was

already an JA. heterophyllum, altered the trivial name to apari-

noides ; lastly, Chavin, in 1833, restored the plant to Linaria,

but carelessly adopted Willdenow’s trivial name, in which he

has been followed by subsequent authors. The L. tingitana

of Bossier and Heldreich is a more robust variety, with broader

leaves, which has been gathered by Mr. Ball and myself at

Cape Spartel. The Mount Atlas specimens are much more

slender than those found nearer the coast. The L. viscosa,

Dum., of Spain, is probably another form.

Descr. A tall annual erect herb, two to three feet high,

dark green, not glaucous, branching from the base, glabrous

below, glandular-pubescent towards the tips of the branches

and throughout the inflorescence. Leaves scattered, spreading,

one to two inches long, narrow linear or acicular, obtuse,

rarely narrowly elliptic, lanceolate, rather fleshy, 1-nerved.

Racemes usually branched at the base, branches slender, not

leafy, elongating much after flowering, conical in bud.

Flowers densely packed, shortly pedicelled ; bracts oblong-

Imear or subspathulate, obtuse, shorter than the pedicels, or

equalling them, suberect, green. Calyx rather longer than

the pedicel, one quarter to one third of an inch long; seg-

ments linear-oblong or spathulate, obtuse, green, erect, not

spreading, nearly equal. Corol/a, including the spur, an inch

long, very pale straw-coloured, with a pale golden yellow

patch; upper lip very long, erect, 2-lobed to the middle,

keeled in front, the lobes obtuse reflected ; lower lip veined,

side lobes deflected, midlobe very short, semicircular ; palate

obtusely conical, 2-lobed; spur slender, very acute, quite

‘Straight, in a line with and as long as the neck of the corolla.

Style 2-fid. Capsule very small, equalling the calyx, obtuse,

compressed. Seeds minute, curved, black, deeply transversely

grooved.—/J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower: magnified.—N.B. The figure of the fruit and seeds

(fig. 3) should be cancelled. I suspect that they were taken from

ose (Tab. nost. 59838), which was collected along with LD. hetero-

pryta,

ZZ, March Ist, 1873. No. 951.

“AUTOMATON LAWN MOWER”

RANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD, IPSWICH.

ANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD are the oldest manufacturers of Lawn

Mowers, their experience in these Machines extending over more than thirty years.

The Automaton Lawn Mowers were brought out in 1867 from entirely new designs

and patterns, embodying the latest improvements suggested by long and varied experience. |

From the universal approbation they have met with, R. §, & H. can recommend them with

the greatest confidence. ; -

Machine-made Gearing is adopted for communicating motion to the knives, being the

best and simplest plan far superior to chains or other methods ; as whilst almost noiseless, it is

not liable to get out of order. ’ :

The Cutting Barrels are fitted with the best knives, of rolled steel and iron combined.

The steel forms the cutting edge and the iron at the back wears away faster than the steel edge,

thus maintaining a sharp cutting edge much longer than when the knives are entirely of steel, or

_ Steel both front and back. The pivots and bearings are of hardened steel, so that these

important parts will last several seasons without requiring repair. : :

_ _No Ribs in the Grass are left by these Machines, but a beautiful flat uniform surface

is obtained, giving the lawn a carpet-like appearance, very far superior to any wo

be done with a scythe and at a much less cost. ae ity of

All the Grass is Collected by these Machines thus obviating the necessity o

Sweeping the lawn after it is cut. : i

If desired the Cut Grass can be Left on the Lawn by simply St ie

the box in front of the Machine, thus combining the advantages of sagen oe = onmapetaatey

mowing before the public.

THEY ARE EXTREMELY SIMPLE, VERY DURABLE, LICHT IN DRAUCHT,

AND NOT LIABLE TO CET OUT OF ORDER. ©

MORE THAN 7,000 AUTOMATON LAWN MOWERS

Have been sold since their introduction in 1867, and

ARE GIVING THE GREATEST SATISFACTION.

Testimonials from 35 English Counties given on the inside pages.

Prices, including Free Delivery to the Principal Railway Stations in England.

8-inch, suitable for very small Lawns £2 15 O 14-inch, to be used bya Man... £510 O

| 40-inch, suitable fora Lady ... .... 310 O| 16-inch d by a Man and re

12-inch, i Lad. °5 oe € 10°70 | 18k oe in 4 wd °

20-inch . ,

Packing Cases, 6s. extra. These Cases are most convenient for keeping the Machines in SS

Full prices allowed for Cases if returned. :

A New Horse-Power Machine, with draft-bar complete, 36-inch, suitable for

am: 8 pores OF Pony |... = vac .

RANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD guarantee these Machines to perform their work

_ Perfectly, and ifnot approved of, they may be returned, carriage-paid, within a month.

fover.

rk which can

REPORTS FROM THIRTY-FIVE COUNTIES -

ON THE

“AUTOMATON LAWN MOWER.”

1.—BEDFORDSHIRE.—From Mr. W. RB.

Southam, Dunstable.—Your Automaton Lawn

Mower gives great satisfaction, and does its work

remarkably well.

Holden,

2.—BERKSHIRE-From Mr. J.

Crown Nursery, Reading.—The Automaton -

Lawn Mower gives satisfaction to myself and the

gentleman who has bought it. I will thank you to

send me another 10-inch Machine immediately.

3.—BUCKS.—From Mr. W. Grimsdell, High

‘Wycombe.—Mr. Grimsdell is very much pleased

with the 16-in. Automaton Lawn Mower.

4.—CAMBRIDGESHIRE.—From the Rev.

Edwd. J. Routh, M.A., Newnham —I have

great pleasure in stating that the Automaton Lawn

Mower I purchased from you a year ago gives me com-

plete satisfaction m every way. It works well and

smoothly, and does not get out of order.

CAMBRIDGESHIRE.W—John Symonds,

Esq., Dotterel Hall, Balsham, has used one

of Ransomes, Sims & Head’s Automaton Lawn Mowers

for 4 years, and has much pleasure in saying that he

can recommend it with confidence.

CAMBRIDGESHIRE.—From G. F. Jos-

ling, Esq., Great Thurlow Hall, nr. New-

market.— Having used Messrs. Ransomes’ Automaton

Lawn Mower two seasons, I have pleasure in stating

that Iam perfectly satisfied with it in every way, and

consider it a very useful machine, being both strong

and light in draught.

CAMBRIDGESHIRE.—From Edwd. P.

Frost, Esq., West Wratting Hall.—I have

pleasure in stating that the Automaton Lawn Mower

with which you supplied me, works very satisfactorily,

5—CARNARVON SHIRE.—From Lt.-Col.

Williams, Bangor.—Lieut.-Col. Williams begs to

inform Messrs. R. 8. & H. that the Automaton Lawn

Mower arrived safely, and has been in daily use this

week, working to his entire satisfaction.

6.—CHESHIRE.—From Mr. John Down-

ward, Hampton Hall, Malpas.—I have had

an Automaton Lawn Mower in constant work for

a twelvemonth, and consider it a good and efficient

implement.

7-~DERBYSHIRE.—From Mr. Cc. Benns,

Clay Cress, Chesterfield.—The Automaton

Lawn Mower you sent me answers very well ; indeed it

Beale,

areham.—Be good enough to send off immediately

The one you sent

sure in expressing the satisfaction given to me by the

received it from you.

ESSEX.—From T. Eglinton A. Gwynne

Esq., J.P., F.8.A., &e., Clit House, Dover-

court.—I have much pleasure in stating that the

Automaton LawnMower I obtained from your establish-

rae ——s pet satisfactorily. It does its work in a

rapid manner, and

themselves much pleased with it. > Ons Press

ESSEX.—From the Rev. Per Smith,

Pattiswick Rectory, iitainises. x have now

given your Automaton Lawn Mower trial of full a P rand

never been out of order; and it performs its work ex.

Peditiously and efficiently. My pc yadong an intelligent

RANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD, ORWELL WORKS, IPSWICH.

man, who knows well its make and performance, is

much pleased with the machine, and has never regretted

abandoning the scythe for it.

ESSEX.—From Mr. J. Douglas, Gardener

toF. Witbourn, Esq., Loxford Hail, Ilford.

—I have much pleasure in bearing testimony to the

excellence of your Automaton Lawn Mower. It is

remarkably easy to work, the arrangement for setting

the knives is most simple, and the machine itself is not

liable to get out of order. It is the most efficient Lawn

Mower I have ever used,

ESSEX.—From HE. Mead, Es -, South

House, Great Waltham, Chelmsford.—The

Automaton Lawn Mower is a first-class Machine. I

am very pleased with its work. I have used it when

the grass is wet, as well as when hard and dry, and

see no difference in its work, which cannot be said of any

others.

ESSEX.--From Mr. H. Harrison, Gardener

to W. H. Dunnett, Esq., Dedham.—Now the

mowing season is past, I beg to testify to you my satisfac.

tion with the 36-inch and 20-inch Antomaton Lawn

Mowers I got from you last May; I have used the 36-inch

Machine with a small pony, on a very sloping piece of

grass, with perfect ease and it has done its work in a most

he and satisfactory manner. Of the 20-inch hand

achine, enough cannot be said in its praise; the easi-

ness of draught, and the clean and perfect cut, are most

satisfactory. Our lawn was sown with grass seed, soit

was rather in a rough state when we commenced with

your Machines, now it is allone can wish for I have

great pleasure in recommending your 20-inch Lawn

Mower for small places, as the.best I have used.

12.-GLOUCESTERSHIRE.—From Mr. E.

Bridges, Collonade, Cheltenham.- The fon

maton Lawn Mower you sent me is one of the best

have ever seen, and does its work admirably. I shall

recommend these Machines wherever I can.

13._H ANTS.—From R. H. Cooper, Esq,

Stud Farm, Lymington.—The Automaton Lawn

Mower has given great satisfaction. It cuts the grass

well, works easily, and has never got out of order.

_HANTS.—ISLE OF WIGHT. From

John Le Mesurin, Esq.. Bimbridge.— =

glad to be able to report that your Automaton

Mower works most satisfactorily. aie

14.-HERTFORD.—Mr. J. Cooper, Maiden:

head Street.—I have great pleasure in saying,

what I have seen of your Automaton Lawn Mowers,

through my customers, that they really are very bo poe

factory. I think I am right in saying I have ‘nar

no complaint whatever. This fact will speak for

value, &c. Pp

15.—HUNTS.—From A. Sperling, Esq.,J-t 2

Lattenbury Hall, St. ives.—I have ae

Ransomes’ small-size Automaton Lawn Mo Tye

several years, and I prefer it to other pene go 7

ad its work well and easily, and the wear an

slight.

HUNTS-From Mr. Jas. Bartram, Gi

dener to J. Rust, Esq., Alconbury we ect

I have mueh pleasure in recommending your od

aton Lawn Mower, having had one for two "eae

which for durability, freeness of cutting aua

nience, has given me great satisfaction. Mt

aN, Brow 4, eckson, meant

eld Place, Orpington.—'

Mower is a first-rate one, and cannot be better. The

Archimedian, just come out, will not go down,

“y

it leaves the cut grass on the lawn, which has to be ee

Swept off afterwards. ; ; =

KENT.—From G. B. Airy, Esa. Astrom

omer Royal, Royal Observatory,

wich.—The Automaton Lawn Mower furnkas

you in 1869, works quite to our entisiarnee. inadrier

im experience that the grass ought to be mo’ at care

state than when cut with the scythe; ia inequalities oF

ought to be taken that there be no

of ground, and no loose pebbles.

presume, must be necessary in the use of pide Fy the

ci ese cautions, I

mower. With a trifling attention to there se eel m2

implement works extremely well. There

breakage of any importance.

~ Reports on the Automaton Lawn Mower, continued.

17._LANCASHIRE.—From Mr. CG. Rylance,

Town Green, Aughton, Ormskirk.—The

Automaton Lawn Mower came to hand safely, and gives

satisfaction. I will take every opportunity of recom-

mending your machines,

18._LEICESTERSHIRE.—From E. Fisher,

Esq., Market Harboro’.—The Ransomes’ 10-in.

Mower works very well indeed.

19.-LINCOLNSHIR#E.—From J. L. Bell,

¥sq., Bourn.—I beg to bear testimony to the general

ood qualities, in addition to the material and manu-

acture of your Automaton Lawn Mower. Ihaveother

machines, but in preference, always use yours, as none

approach it for steady, uniform, clean cutting.

20.—MIDDLESEX.—FromJ.J. Arrow, Esq.,

Dalston.—I have much pleasure in informing you

how excessively well your Automaton Lawn Mower

works. I have had it constantly in use for the last two

summers, and therefore can testify as to its good quali-

ties, both as regards its use and durability, and have

no hesitation in saying that it surpasses all others I

have seen in working and simplicity.

MIDDLESEX.—From C. Ballance, Esq.,

tanley House, Lower Clapton.—I have much

pleasure in bearing testimony to the excellence of your

Automaton Lawn Mower, T have had it in constant

use for two years, and as yet it has needed no repairs,

I am just commencing to use it for the third season.

21.-_NORFOLK—From Mr. T. Williams,

Gardener to R. Bagge, Esq., Gaywood Hail,

King’s Lynn.—The Automaton Lawn Mower thar

we had of you gives me great satisfaction, and I have no

hesitation in saying that it is the best machine I have

ever used for easiness of draught and uniform surface.

NORFOLK.—From W. M. Hazard, Esq.,

Harleston.—The 20-in. Ransomes’ Automaton Lawn

Mower I purchased of you gives me perfect satisfaction,

and I think it is in every respect a first-class machine,

very simple and easy to work.

22.-NORTHAMPTONSHIRE.—Rev.A. w.

Annand, Roade Vicarage, Northampton.—

The Rey. A. W. Annand, has much pleasure in stating

that he has one of Messrs. Ransomes’ 14-in. Autom-

aton Lawn Mowers in use for the last two years, and

that during that time it has never been out of order,

but has done its work entirely to his satisfaction.

SUFFOLK.—From J. R. Ansell, Esq.,

Kirton.—I have great pleasure in informing you that

the Automaton Lawn Mower with which you supplied

me in 1869 meets with my approval. I have never had

any thing done to it, and it is now in first-class order.

SUFFOLK.—R. Porter, Esq., Rushmere,

Ipswich.—I have much pleasure in stating that the

Automaton Lawn Mower gives great satisfaction, work-

ing very efficiently and being easily kept in order.

30.—SURREY.—From J. Powell, Esq., Field

House, Lark Hall Rise, Clapham —lam much

pleased with the Automaton Lawn Mower you supplied

to me in 1869. It does its work very well, and has

required no adjusting or sharpening during the whole

period. :

SURREY .—From R. C. Bell, Esq., Kew.—

My Automaton Lawn Mower has worked very weil, but

I find it goes easier without the box, and as the cuttings

improve the grass, and have no slovenly appearance, I

-have left off using that appendage for some time.

SURREY.—From A. Neame, Esq., Court

Lodge, Sutton.—The Automaton Lawn Mower you

supplied to me in 1869 is apparently a€ good as when I

first had it, after having been constantly used, and has

not cost me one shilling to keep in order. I see no

prospect of requiring another; should I do so, I should

certainly purchase an Automaton.

31.—SUSSEX.—From B. H.Combe,Esq.,J.P.,

Oaklands, Westfield,near Battle.—I am very

much pleased with the Automaton Lawn Mower; it

works very well and easily.

32.—W ARWICKSHIRE.—From E. Scriver,

Fsq., Wormleighton Hill, tog gong egal

The inch Automaton Lawn Mower I had from you

in 1867 continues to do its work efficiently, and I con-

sider it a most excellent and durable machine.

— SHIRE.—From J. Ferris, Esq.,

39 ie Wishtord. near Salisbury.—I consider

the Automaton Lawn Mower I purchased last year, a

very useful machine, As it cuts the grass level and

pipe Hn clean work behind, and by so doing, saves

manual labour. Be

TSHIRE.— From Mr. Geo. in,

Cevdorrieie F. Talbot, Esq., Lacock Abbey.

— using the Automaton Lawn Mower for nearly

Pra has given me entire satisfaction; it

performs its work quickly and well, and I like the gear

much better than chains. I feel much pleasure in

recommending it to my friends, which I can do with

confidence. wee oe

HIRE—From Mr. John Curnick,

Pi erin Farm, Bromham, Devizes.—

The Automaton Lawn Mower I bought in 1869, gives

me t satisfaction; it works easily, does its work

well, and has greatly improved my lawn. a

ER.—From Messrs. Clunes

sR Seon ec have tried one of your Automaton

Lawn Mowers, and are pleased to say that it works

very satisfactorily. :

—YORKSHIRE—From J. Blythe Robin-

8 ree Westwood, Beverley-—I am happy

23.-NORTHUMBERLAND.—From J. Gib-

son, Hsq., Roseworth Tower, Gosforth —

My gardener has used Ransomes’ Automation Lawn

Mower for nearly three years, and it has given entire

satisfaction

24.-NOTTINGHAMSHIR®E.—-From Rev.

. H. Prance, Sutton Ashfield, Mansfield.

—TI am entirely satisfied with the Automaton Lawn

Mower you sent me.

are Oe SEE. From. —— Brick

verthorpe “ -—Mrs.

Brickwell has had ae Sinus: R Sale abiimiatoe

wn Mowers in use for four years; they have done the

work well, without requiring any repairs.

OXFORDSHIRE.—From R. Noddings,

Esq.. Elm Tree Villa, Cowley, Oxford.—The

inc

Aute

Automaton Lawn Mower I bought of you at the 1 La Mower

Oxford Show last year is everything that can wish | to bee es Fo on Toor eaelics exceedingly

for. My young stable-boy can work it with the greatest ane ; A it very much. It has never given way in

part, does it work just as well as when it was

=e Ler it has been constantly used. Some nr)

lawn mowers are frequently getting out of order, an

are the subject of continual complaint.

JERSEY.—From James Levesque, Esq.,

Pb She 18-inch Automaton Lawn —

ou sent here gives the highest satisfaction; and al-

thou sh in full work for two seasons, has cost a *sad

for Teper and is now as good as when first bought.

LAND.—From W. P. Urquhart, Esq.,

gE Cage aus OP ete iy sr

ony, i ys

- ia g eed of the e ciency a8 ‘bpd oe

of which you suppli js

it ia rs laeesiagst toy has never got out of

order, and has accomplished the task of keeping a lawn

smooth which was not in a very promising condition.

26.-SHROPSHIRE.—From Vice-Admiral

F. Vere Cotton, Allport House, Whit-

church —I am much pleased with Messrs, Ransomes’

Automaton Lawn Mower, it is doing its work perfectly.

27.-SOMERSETSHIRE —From Mr. Henry

arker, Mountlands, Taunton.—The Autom-

aton Lawn Mower I bought of you last year works

very well, and its construction is good.

28.—-STAFFPORDSHIRE.—From H. M. Mor-

an, q., M.D., Lichfield.—After having used

e Ransomes’ Automaton Lawn Mower the whole of

summer, Tam able to say it does its work efficiently,

and has given me entire satisfaction. :

29.—SUFFPOLK.—From iL. P. Jeffs, Esq.,

ey bread.—The two Ransomes’ Automaton Lawn

owers are the best machines I ever saw. They do

their work beautifully, quite beyond my expectations.

RANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD,

ORWELL WORKS, IPSWICH.

ENLARGED DRAWING OF THE

FRONT PART OF THE “AUTOMATON” LAWN MOWER.

SS SERS

Showing mode of Adjusting the Cutters to the Ledger Blade, and regulating

the cutting height from the ground.

B the adjustable arm which carries the revolving knives or-cutters D D.C is the fixed “ ledger” or cutting

blade, against the front edge of which the knives D Dact. [E and F are adjusting screws for corre ve | regulating

the revolving knives D D to the fixed ledger blade ©. G are wooden rollers which support the front of the

Machine and keep the knives and ledger blade just clear of the ground. These rollers are easily adjusted by

screws O, so as to regulate the cutting height from the ground. The revolving knives D D should just press

lightly against the fixed ledger blade C, and this degree of nicety can be easily and exactly adjusted by means of

the screws E and F. If, for instance, the knives do not quite touch the ledger blade ©, slacken the nut E atrifle,

and tighten the screw F. If, on the contrary, the cutters press too hard upon the blade C, then slacken the screw

F and tighten up the nut E. A leaf of a plant or shrub, or a slip of writing paper applied between the edges of

the revolving knives D D and the edge of the ledger blade ©, will show when they cut properly by producing &

clean cut, on the knives being made to revolve, and no more pressure or closeness ought to be given than is

sufficient to produce this effect. Care should be taken never to overstrain the set screws, but they should be tight

enough to ensure their not becoming loose of themselves. 2

_ When the knives require sharpening, take off the side wheel cover, then screw the small iron handles (sent

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6042

hoe We

WeEitch,dd et ith

Vincent Brocks Day & Son,imp.

Tas. 6042.

PRIMULA VERTICILLATA VAR. SINENSIS.

, - a

Native of Abyssinia.

Nat. Ord. PrtwuLacez.—Tribe Primu.ea.

Genus Primua, Linn. ; (Duby in DC. Prodr., vol. viii. p. 34).

Primuta (Sphondylia) verticillata ; stramineo-farinosa, foliis irregulariter

sargute serratis, radicalibus rosulatis obovato-spathulatis -lanceolatisve

acutis in petiolum late alatum angustatis, floralibus verticillatis sessilibus

lanceolatis ovato-lanceolatis obovatisve acuminatis pedicellis longiori-

bus, floribus numerosissimis erecto-patentibus, calycis campan ti

lobis ovato-lanceolatis integerrimis v, irregulariter serratis, corolle tubo

angusto elongato calyce ter longiore, lobis obovatis suborbicularibus

oblongisve emarginatis v. erosis.

Primuta verticillata, Forsk. Flor. Algypt.-Arab., p. 42; Vahl. Symb., vol. 1-

p- 15,t.5; Dubyin DC. Prodr., vol. viii. p. 835; Jaub. and Spach, Ill.

Pl. Orient., vol. v. t. 488; Link. and Otto Abild., t. 51.

Var. sinensis; bracteis inferioribus latioribus 3-neviis, calyce ad medium

5-fido, corolle limbo fere pollicem lato lobis rotundatis emarginatis ;

Mast. in Gard. Chron., 1870, p. 597; P. sinensis, Hochst. in Schimp.

Pl. Abyss., sect. ii. n. 662; Field and Gard. Sert. Plant., vol. i. t. 48 ;

Jaub. and Spach, Ill. Pl. Orient., vol. vy. t. 440; P. Boveana, 4.

Reich. Tent. Flor. Abyss., vol. ii. p. 15, non. Desne. ; P. Courti. Hort.

Veitch,

P. verticillata was originally discovered in the Arabian

province of Yemen, on the margins ‘of rivulets on Kierma, a

calcareous mountain in north latitude 14}’—that is, towards

the southern extremity of Arabia Felix. In his “Flora

gyptiaco-Arabica,” posthumously edited by Niebubr, this

mountain is described (p. xc.), as being higher than its neigh-

bours, almost destitute of trees, but covered with crops of

herbs and cereals, the Ho/eus excepted, which the peasants

say is unable to withstand the cold of that elevation. This

Primula was subsequently gathered under three forms in

various parts of Arabia, and in Abyssinia, amongst which

forms no constant differences can be detected. Of these the

JULY Ist, 1873.

true plant of Forskahl has narrow involucral leaves, a calyx

divided to below the middle into narrow lanceolate segments,

and a corolla not one-third of an inch in diameter, with ovate

truncate divisions. The second form is the P. Boveana of

Decaisne (P. verticillata, Botanical Magazine, t. 2842), which

differs from the type chiefly in the more obovate corolla-

lobes, which are quite entire or obscurely crenate, and the

irregularly toothed calyx divisions. It varies greatly in the

size of the corolla and breadth and form of the involucral

leaves, and is found near Muscat in Arabia, on Mount Saint

Catherine in the Sinaitic Peninsula, and in the Tigre province

_ of Abyssinia. The third is the present plant, which has uni-

formly a much broader corolla, with nearly orbicular emargi-

nate lobes, and entire or sparingly toothed calyx-lobes.

Primula verticillata has been long cultivated in Europe,

having been raised from seed brought, I believe, from the

Sinaitic Peninsula; but the Abyssinian variety is of recent

introduction into England by Messrs. Veitch. "The specimen

here figured flowered in the Royal Gardens in March of the

present year ; it grows freely on rockwork.

_ Duscr. Rootstock as thick as the thumb, and several

Inches long. Radical leaves six to twelve inches long,

obovate-spathulate, contracted into a more or less long and

broad petiole, acute, irregularly acutely toothed, clothed

with a lemon-coloured or almost white meal beneath.

Scape a span high and upwards, mealy, with two whorls of

flowers subtended each by four to six leafy bracts, or with

the upper whorl reduced to an umbel. Javolucral leaves,

sessile, ovate-lanceolate, 3-nerved, one to two inches long,

toothed like the other leaves. Flowers very numerous, pale

yellow ; pedicels slender, striate, erecto-patent, shorter than

the involucre, furnished at the base with linear bracts.

Calyx mealy, campanulate, cut to the middle into entire or

toothed triangular-ovate lobes. Corolla-tube one inch long,

limb nearly as much in diameter, lobes rounded, notched.—

J.D. H.

Fig. 1, Calyx, style, and stigma :—magnified.

a ee

Tas. 6043.

MENIN JA TURGIDA.

Native of Cochin-China.

Nat. Ord. AcantHacrm.—Tribe AsysTASIE&.

New Genus, Mentnta, Fua.

Gen. Cuar.—Calyx 5-fidus, laciniis acutis purpureis, estivatione valvatis,

Corolla ringeus, tubo in anconem flexo, ad faucem dilatato reticulato-

venoso introrsum villoso, lobis estivatione imbricatis uno vexillari. Sta-

mina 2 fertilia (absque rudimentis sterilium), inclusa, ad tubi basin, in-

serta, anthere oblong inferne subsagittate, loculis parallelis purpurascen-

tibus, connectivo crasso papilloso subapiculato. Discus hypogynus 0.

Ovarium 2-loculare, stylus stamina subequans, stigmate obsolete 2-lobo ;

ovula in loculis 4. Fructus . . . .. Dene. mss.—Herba glaberrima,

sublignosa, febrifuga, amara, ramis obtuse tetragonis, ad nodos incrassatis

et articulatis. Folia opposita, elliptico-lanceolata, obtuse acuminata,

integerrima, breviter petiolata. Flores mediocres, in paniculam sesstlem

thyroideam terminalem densifloram dispositi, bracteate et bracteolate, albi

roséo reticulato.

MENINIA turgida, Fua mss.

For the opportunity of figuring this very interesting plant,

which is a celebrated febrifuge in its native country, Tam

indebted to my friend Professor Decaisne, who sent a living

specimen of it from the Jardin des Plantes to Kew (where it

flowered in April of the present year), and who has more

recently supplied me with the generic character given above,

and the following particulars :—

Meninia turgida was established by M. Fua, who has

studied carefully the organogeny of Acanthacea, but who has

hitherto published nothing on the subject. The flowers were

analysed by M. Decaisne in 1869, and found to be absolutely

diandrous, without a trace of arrested stamens, so that it

cannot be referred either to Asystasia or to Thyrsacanthus.

The plant itself is remarkable for its febrifuge properties,

which have been investigated by Mr. Weber; it is called

Thuong-son by the natives,

JULY Ist, 1873.

Drscr. An erect herb, woody below, quite glabrous.

Branches strict, green, articulate; internodes obtusely

-4-angled, swollen at the nodes. Leaves opposite, four to

seven inches long, shortly petioled, elliptic-lanceolate, ob-

tusely acuminate, quite entire, bright green above, pale

beneath. Inflorescence a terminal contracted sessile erect

obtuse dense-flowered thyrsoid panicle; lower bracts leafy,

upper small, hidden amongst the flowers; bracteoles two,

ovate-lanceolate, acute, exceeding the calyx, much shorter

than the corolla; pedicels very short, angled. Calyz of five

_ subequal subulate teeth, brownish-purple, much shorter than

the corolla-tube. Corolla-tube stout, geniculately inflexed

below the middle, rather turgid at the very base, white, the

throat yellow within the lower lip; throat inflated, villous

within ; limb of five spreading and recurved ovate subacute

lobes, the lower broadest, all white and reticulated with pink

nerves. Stamens two, with no traces of rudimentary ones,

inserted in the throat opposite the lower lip ; filaments in-

curved; anthers, linear-oblong, apiculate, papillose on the

back, cells connate throughout their length. Ovary 2-celled,

cells 4-ovuled ; style slender, stigma minutely 2-fid—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower ; 2, corolla laid open; 3, anther; 4, flower with corolla

removed; 5, vertical and transverse sections of ovary :—all magnified.

“Vincent Brooks Day &Soutmp: ~

Tas. 6044.

CRASSULA prorusa.

Native of South Africa.

Nat. Ord. CrassuLAce®.

Genus CrassuLa, Linn, ; (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 657).

CrassuLa (Perfilata) profusa; glaberrima, vix glauca, profuse ramosa, ramis

dependentibus et repentibus teretibus, foliis ima basi connatis orbicu-

lari-ovatis acutis carnosis dorso convexis, margine integerrimo badio-

limbato superne serie intramarginali punctorum ornato, cymis breviter

pedunculatis capitatis, calycis segmentis linearibus, petalis ovatis

acutis albis, stylis divergentibus, glandulis hypogynis brevissimis.

A free-flowering and remarkably ramous species of Crassula,

sent from the Graaf Reinett district of the Cape Colony by

Harry Bolus, Esq., who has contributed many new and curious

plants to both the Gardens and Herbarium at Kew. It

approaches the C. perfossa, Lam., and C. perforata, Linn., but

differs from both in habit, in the only slightly connate leaves,

and longer narrow calyx lobes ; it is still nearer C. marginata,

Ait., with which it further agrees in habit, but the leaves are

not broadly connate, and are green (not purple) beneath. The

structure of the leaf is very curious. The margin, which is quite

entire, is edged with a narrow band of chestnut-brown, within

which is a series of orbicular slightly convex punctiform

disks. These disks, when highly magnified, are found to

consist of a very dense cellular tissue, that terminates down-

wards inaconical form, and communicates with the peripheral

ends of the nerves, in the loose parenchymatous substance of

the leaf. The surface of the disk is studded with excessively

minute stomata, of a different form from the other stomata

on either surface of the leaf, the guard-cells of these stomata

further contain on their outer edge a row of minute chloro-

phyle granules, giving them a most beautiful appearance.

The same disposition of these disks occur in C. /actea and

C. marginata, but not in C. perforata ; their terminating the

JULY Ist, 1873.

ultimate branches of the nerves indicates their performing an

important function in the nutrition of the plant.

C. prolifera was raised from seed received in 1871 from

Mr. Bolus, and now forms a profusely flowering mass of

_ branches and Jeaves, two feet in diameter ; it flowered from

March to June of the present year.

Descr. Quite glabrous, excessively branched ; branches

pendulous and creeping, one to two feet long, cylindric.

Leaves sessile, half to three quarters of an inch long, orbi-

cular-cordate, slightly connate at the base, acute or cuspidate,

very thick and fleshy, slightly convex above, more so beneath,

pale green on both surfaces, hardly glaucous, margins quite

entire and glabrous, with a narrow chestnut-coloured border

on the upper surface, within which is a series of minute

points. Flowers white, in capitate peduncled cymes, which

are about one inch in diameter, and subtended by two small

_ orbicular fleshy bracts; pedicels a quarter to half inch

long, turbinate at the apex. Calyx of five linear acute

segments half as long as the petals. Corol/a one-third of an

inch in diameter, of five ovate acuminate free petals,

tinged with pink at the back. Stamens hardly exceeding

the styles; anthers yellow. Hypogynous glands very short

and broad. Carpels five, ovoid, abruptly terminated by di-

verging styles with capitate stigmas.—J/. D. H.

Fig. 1, Bud; 2, leaves; 3, flower expanded ; 4, stamen; 5, ovaries and

hypogynous glands :—all magnified.

Ne ggg!

Tas. 6045.

RHODODENDRON MALAYANUM.

Native of the Malayan Archipelago.

Nat. Ord. Ertcea.—Tribe RHopoREZ.

Genus Ruopopenpron, Linn. ; (Maximovicz in Mem. Acad. Imp. Sc.

Petersh., vol. xvi. No. 9, p. 18).

RxopopENDRON malayanum; foliis breviter petiolatis ellipticis utrinque

acutis supra luride viridibus subtus badiis una-cum petiolis pedunculis

calycibus ovariisque lepidotis, umbellis terminalibus 3-8-floris, pedi-

cellis brevibus, calyce minute 5-dentato, corolla hypocraterimorpha

sanguineo- rubra, tubo elongato sulcato lente curvo basi gibbo, limbi

subequalis lobis parvis rotundatis, staminibus 10, antheris vix exsertis,

ovario elongato 5-loculari, stigmate obtuso minute 5-lobo incluso.

RuopopenprRon malayanum, Jack. Mal. Misc., No. 7, p. 17, ea Hook.

Journ. Bot., vol. i. p. 8369; DC. Prodr., vol. vii. p. 125; Miquel Fi.

Ind. Bat., vol. ii. p. 1059.

R. tubiflorum, DC. l.c.; Miquel, lc. et in Ann. Mus, Lugd. Bat., vol. i.

p. 45, t. ii, A; Vireya tubiflora, Blum. Bijd., p. 855. :

Dr. William Jack, of the late East India Company's service,

a very able botanist and author of the “ Malayan Miscellanies,

was the first to make known this fine plant (in about 1823),

which he discovered on the summit of Gunong Bunko, a

remarkably insulated mountain, commonly called by Euro-

peans the Sugar-loaf, in the interior of Bencoolen, Sumatra.

Dr. Jack observes of this mountain that, though estimated

at only 3000 feet in height, the character of its vegetation 1s

decidedly alpine, a fact which he attributes to the form and

consequent exposure of its sharp conical peak. Rhododendron

malayanum has since been gathered repeatedly on Mount

Ophir, Malacca, at an altitude of 4000 feet. It is clearly

the same as the Javanese R. tubiflorum ; and the Celebes

Island R. celebicum differs only in the paler under-surface of

the leaves. The specimen here figured was obligingly com-

municated by Messrs. Rollisson, of Tooting, who received

JULY Ist, 1873,

it, through their collectors, from Java. It was originally

introduced by Lobb when travelling for the elder Veitch in

1854, and was said to come from Borneo, where Lobb was

collecting; but as that indefatigable collector had already

visited Mount Ophir, from whence he had sent excellent

dried specimens, now in the Hookerian Herbarium, I suspect

that the Bornean habitat is a mistake.

This species is evidently most closely allied in flowers to

R. jasminiflorum, Hook. (Tab. nost. 4524), also a native of

Mount Ophir; and in foliage to the Himalayan 2. dland-

Jordieftorum, Hook. (Tab. nost, 4930).

Descr. A large shrub or small tree; branchlets red-

brown, and, as well as the leaves beneath, petioles, pedicels,

calyx, ovary (and corolla sparingly), clothed with red-brown

lepidote scales. Leaves three to four inches long, elliptic or

elliptic-lanceolate, acute at both ends, coriaceous, narrowed

into a petiole one-third to two-thirds of an inch long, dark

green above, red-brown beneath. Yowers in terminal few-

flowered umbels, nodding, three-quarters of an inch long ;

peduncles short, curved. Calye minute, 5-toothed. Corolla

dull scarlet; tube three-quarters of an inch long, slightly

curved, grooved, gibbous at the base; limb flat, horizontal,

one-third to half an inch across; lobes orbicular. Stamens

ten; anthers short, small, hardly exserted. Ovary slender,

5-celled, clothed with scales; style slender : stigma minute,

5-lobed.—J. _D. H.

ctl nln ans nsenetneigcetela

Fig. 1, Stamen; 2, calyx and ovary; 3, transverse section of ditto :—all

magnified.

Vincent Brooks Day&Sanlinp

Tas. 6046.

BORONIA MEGASTIGMA.

Native of S.W. Australia.

Nat. Ord. Rutace#.—Tribe Boronic.

Genus Boronta, Sm. ; (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 291).

Boronia megastiga ; fere glabra, ramulis gracillimis virgatis, foliolis 3-5

anguste linearibus obtusis rigidis, pedunculis axillaribus 1-floris, pedi-

cellis sub flore incrassatis, sepalis parvis obtusis, petalis fere orbiculatis

concavis late imbricatis fusco-purpureis intus: flavidis, staminibus alter-

natim valde inequalibus antheris majorum purpureis cassis stigma

attingentibus, antheris minorum minimis flavis polleniferis substigma

reconditis, stigmate sessili magno umbonato 4-lobo.

Boronia megastigma, Nees in Plant. Preiss,, vol. ii. p. 227 ; F, Muell. Fragm.,

vol. ii. p. 97; Benth. Flor. Austral., vol. i. p. 315.

B. tristis, Turez. in Bull. Mosc. 1852, pars 2, p. 162.

A native of the districts around King George's Sound,

where this curious plant is well known to the settlers for the

delicious fragrance of its flowers, which renders it a most

desirable object for cultivation. * It was introduced into

Kew by seed originally received from Baron von Mueller,

and susequently living plants were presented by M.

Thozet. It is also remarkable for its slender habit, spare

foliage, the singular colour and structure of its flowers, which

are produced in great abundance ; for the very short stamens,

of which the four opposite the sepals are larger, with purple

anthers destitute of pollen, and the four alternate ones are

minute, hidden under the very large 4-lobed stigma, yellow

and polleniferous. The somewhat aromatic fragrance of the

- flowers resembles nothing known to me ; it is most delicious ;

and though not overpowering, soon fills a large room ; and

should it be capable of being obtained as a perfume, I may

safely predict its being in great request. In these respects,

JULY Ist, 1873]

of delicacy of odour accompanying a singular brown-purple

colour, it resembles the Vinnea Aithiopica of Tropical Africa

(Tab. nost. 5637); and like the Tinnea, the Boronia is very

easy of cultivation, if treated like a Heath in an ordinary

greenhouse.

Descr. A very slender shrub, two feet high, with twiggy

erect branches, and spreading opposite branchlets. Leaves

very sparse, one-third to two-thirds of an inch long, sessile,

the upper with one pair of pinnules besides the terminal, the

lower with two pairs ; pinnules narrow-linear, obtuse, glabrous,

or with a few scattered hairs. Flowers very copiously pro-

duced, solitary in the axils of the upper leaves of the branch-

lets, subglobose-campanulate, one-half inch in diameter,

shortly peduncled, drooping ; peduncle one-half inch long,

with two connate bracteoles above the middle. Sepals very

small, subacute, gibbous at the back towards the apex.

Petals nearly orbicular, concave, broadly imbricate, maroon-

purple outside, greenish-yellow within. Stamens eight, very

small, four sepaline with purple empty anthers on a level

with the stigma, four petaline very minute, with four polleni-

ferous yellow anthers concealed ‘under the stigma. Stigma

very large, sessile, umbonate, 4-lobed.—J. D. H.

SPENORCar omnis cece ean aE Hee

Fig. 1, Leaf; 2, flower; 3, the same with the petals removed; 4, trans-

verse section of ovary :—all magnified.

6047

Vincent Brooks Day &Son Imp.

——_ ts

=~ ep

ai |

Tas. 6047.

OMPHALODES Luocitza.

Native of Asia Minor.

Nat. Ord. Boragine2.—Tribe CynoGLossEsz.

Genus Ompnatopes, Tourn. ; (DC. Prodr., vol. x. p. 158).

Ompnatopves Lucilie ; perennis, glaberrima, caulibus e rhizomate plurimis

decumbentibus, foliis radicalibus longe petiolatis ellipticis oblongis

ovatisve obtusis acutis v. mucronulatis, superne remote et minute pus-

tulatis caulinis sessilibus, pedicellis gracilibus folia floralia longe super-

antibus demum arcuato-recurvis, sepalis ovato-oblongis pedicello multo

brevioribus, corolla rotata calyce quadruplo ampliore, nuculis margine

membranaceo integro levi.

Ompuavopgs Lucilix ; Boiss. Diagn., No. iv. p. 41; Alph. DC. in DC. Prodr.,

vol. x. p. 162; Jaubert and Spach, Ill. Plant. Orient., vol. iv. t. 365.

This beautiful plant has hitherto been found only in two

localities, which are very distant from one another, in Asia

Minor—namely, Mount Sypilus, near Manesis (the ancient

Magnesia, north-east of Smyrna), where it was discovered by

Aucher Eloi; and in the Eastern Taurus Mountains of

Bulgar dagh, in the province of Cilicia (now Itschili), adjoin-

ing the Gulf of Scanderoon. In both places it inhabits con-

siderable altitudes, attaining 8000 feet. It is decidedly the

most beautiful species of the genus, and is well adapted for

rockwork cultivation, remaining in flower for a considerable

time in cool weather, and presenting all shades of colour in

the corolla, from a pale pink-purple to azure. The specimen

here figured was presented to the Royal Gardens by James

Atkins, Esq., of Painswick, and which flowered profusely

for a second time after arrival. The flowers are very much

larger than either in the native specimen or in the figure

cited in the fine work of Jaubert and Spach ; and I do not

find any trace of the serratures of the sepals which are there

represented, and which are described as cilia on the margins

of the sepals.

JULY Ist, 1873.

Descr. Glabrous. Rootstock long, perpendicular, its summit

clothed with the withered bases of the petioles. Radical leaves

long-petioled ; blade one to two inches long, elliptic-ovate

or oblong, acute obtuse or mucronate, narrowed into a

petiole one to three inches long, above marked with faint

distant pustules, beneath quite smooth; nerves very obscure ; -

cauline smaller, sessile. Mowering-branches four to eight

Inches long, trailing, remotely leafy; cymes 6-8-flowered,

flowers distant; pedicels half to one and a half inches

long, the lower subtended by leafy bracts, spreading, re-

curved in fruit. Calyz campanulate, with five oblong-

ovate acute spreading lobes. Corolla one half to one inch in

diameter, quite rotate, pale pink-purple at first, then azure ;

tube very short, inflated ; limb flat, five-lobed to the middle;

lobes rounded; mouth nearly closed by five protuberances

opposite the segments. Stamens included, filaments very

short, subulate; anthers ovoid. Nucules trigonous, with

narrow margins.—/, D. H. ;

Fig. 1, Corolla laid open; 2, flower with the corolla removed :—magnified.

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BOTS

LEsLi glad.

Baa

Tas. 6048,

GODWIN IA GiGas.

Native of Nicaragua.

Nat. Ord. ARoIDem.—Tribe DRACONTIER.

Genus Gopwinta, Seemann ; (Journ. Bot., vol. vii. p. 278 and 315).

Gopwinta Gigas; Seem. lc. t. 96 et 97. Gard. Chron, 1872, p. 1720,

et 1873, p. 73.

Nothing smaller than the elephant folio size can do justice

to an illustration of the wonderful plant of which a reduced

figure and analysis is here given from the specimen which

flowered in Mr. Bull’s nursery in December last, and which

was repeatedly exhibited ‘at Horticultural Shows in

London, where, as well as in Mr. Bull’s stove, its curious

structure attracted the attention of botanists, and its stature,

almost grotesque form, habit and colour, that of horticul-—

turists and amateurs.

The genus to which Godwinia belongs is, as correctly

indicated in the Journal of Botany, the essentially tropical

American tribe of Dracontiee, amd has nothing to do with

the gigantic Indian Amorphophailli, which it represents in the

New World, and which it resembles so much in stature and

habit ; nor with the even more stately Conophallus of Sierra

Leone. It is a native of the Chontales mountains of

Nicaragua, where it was discovered by Dr. Seemann in

1869, growing amongst brushwood near rivulets.

In its native state the tuberous root of Godwinia attains a

circumference of two feet two inches, and a weight of 90-92 oz.

The petiole reaches ten feet in height, and has a metallic lustre

and mottled surface resembling a snake standing erect, and

bears a blade three fact eight inches long. The peduncle

is shorter than the petiole, about five feet and a half, and the

spathe alone is two feet long. The plant grows with great

rapidity, and emits a peculiar odour. Dr. Seemann named

this prodigy after Mr. George Godwin, F.R.S., the eminent

AuGUST Ist, 1873.

architect, a gentleman of varied attainments, in especial recog-

nition of his philanthropic efforts to spread a love of window-

gardening and other pursuits amongst the humbler classes

of London. :

Mr. Fitches’ drawing was made in Mr. Bull’s nursery in

December, 1872.

Descr. oot as large as a man’s head, giving off stout

spreading fibres. Zeaf solitary ; blade nine to ten feet in cir-

cumference, nearly circular in outline, trichotomously divided,

the ultimate divisions pinnatifid and dichotomous; seg-

ments confluent, subacute, deep green; petiole attaining ten

feet high, as thick as the arm, remotely muricate, yellow,

mottled and striped with purple in transverse bars. Spathe

two feet long, narrow, erect, boat-shaped, hooded at the top,

thick and leathery, maroon-brown within and without, opaque ;

base dirty yellow and orange red, convolute, embracing the

Spadix, upper part open, but hardly gaping. Spadiz much

shorter than the spathe, cylindric, obtuse, shortly peduncled,

quite free from the spathe, covered throughout with flowers.

Perianth dull yellow, of six elongate cuneate truncate segments.

Stamens six to eight in flowers here drawn, (12-biseriate,

Trimen, in Seem. Journ.) filaments flattened, subulate; anthers

exserted, small, 2-celled, cells each opening by a terminal pore.

Ovary flagon-shaped, 3-celled, gradually contracted into a long

stout purple style which much exceeds the perianth, and is

truncate and stigmatiferous at the tip: cells 1-ovuled, ovule

_ attached by a broad surface to the septum.—/. D. H.

Fig. 1, Reduced figure of leaf; 2 and 3, of scape and spathe; 4, portion

of scape; 5, do. of spathe; 6, spadix:—all of’ nat. size; 7, flower; 8,

| Stamen; 9, ovary; 10, transverse, and 11, longitudinal, section of do. :—

all magnified.

Tas. 6049, .

SONERILA Bensont.

Native of the Madras Peninsula.

Nat. Ord. Metastomacka—Tribe SoNERILEA.

Genus Sonertta, Roxb. ; (Benth. and Hook. J. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 758).

Sonertta Benson; herbacea, fere glaberrima, ramosa, caule erecto ramisque

crassis obscure 4-gonis, foliis petiolatis ovatis acutis serratis sub

7-nerviis, cymis multifloris, pedunculo valido, calycis tubo ovoideo

6-costato scaberulo, limbi lobis 3-parvis rotundatis subsqualibus,

petalis late ovato-orbiculatis acutis dorso carinatis, carina ciliolata, sta-

minibus 6, antheris acuminato-rostratis.

Colonel Benson procured seeds of this plant from the

Western Ghauts of Malabar, I believe, which he transmitted

to Messrs. Veitch, who forwarded the specimen here figured

to Kew. It so closely resembles the S. elegans, Wight (Tab.

nost. 4978), that I am in much doubt as to the propriety of

keeping it distinct, notwithstanding its remarkable character

of hexandrous flowers, a condition which obtains in only

two other species of this large genus, which numbers upwards

of fifty species, all of them Indjan or Malayan. From S.

elegans it further differs in the smaller and more shortly-

petioled leaves, which are glabrous, in the 6-ribbed calyx-

tube, and much smaller flowers. From S&S. speciosa, Zenk.

(Tab. nost. 5026), a very similar plant, and from the same

region, it also differs in the hexandrous flower, small petals,

their paler colour, and the ribbed calyx-tube. me

The Sonerilas are beautiful plants, inhabitants of humid,

cool, shady mountain regions of India and the Malayan

Islands, often growing on mossy rocks and tree trunks.

Though easily raised and flowered, they have hitherto proved

to be very difficult of continued cultivation, partly no doubt

from being kept in too hot and damp a condition, but no less

to their soft and succulent stems, which rapidly decay in

AuGuUsT Ist, 1873.

the winter months, when their vitality is checked by cold or

other causes.

Duscr. A succulent branching herb, nearly glabrous,

except the scape and calyx. Sfem and éranches as stout as

a goosequill, obscurely 4-angled. Leaves rather succulent,

two to two and a half inches long, ovate, acute, serrate,

d-nerved, shining green shot with brown-purple above,

rose-purple beneath ; petiole about half as long as the blade.

Peduncles two to three inches long, bright red, solitary, ter-

minal, erect, slightly strigose above. Cymes about 6-flowered.

Hlowers one inch in diameter, shortly pedicelled. Calya-

tube ovoid, 6-ribbed, scaberulous ; limb cupular, 3-lobed, lobes

subequal, rounded. Petals almost orbicular, acute, bright

purple. Stamens six; anthers ovate, gradually produced into

an obtuse beak. Ovary 3-celled, its apex produced within

5 calyx-tube, conical and 6-toothed. Style declinate.—

oD. HH.

_Fig.1, Flower with the petals removed; 2, petal; 3, stamens; 4, ovary

with part of calyx-tube removed :—all magnified.

Vincent Brooks Day &

Tas. 6050.

DENDROBIUM tiruirtorom.

Native of Tenasserim ?

Nat. Ord. OrcuipE&.—Tribe Denprosiga.

Genus Denprosium, Swartz ; (Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid., p. 74).

Denprosium ituiflorum ; caulibus fasciculatis gracilibus elongatis dependent-

ibus arundinaceis basi tuberosis, floribus ad nodos 1-5, sepalis patent-

ibus oblongo-lanceolatis obtusis v.acutis petalisque latioribus ovato-

oblongis lete purpureis, labelli lituiformis ungue convoluto incurvo,

lamina orbiculari concava disco intense purpurea, limbo lato stramineo

velutino margine anguste lilacino integerrimo.

Denprosivm lituiflorum, Lindl. in Gard. Chron. (1856, May), p. 185.

». Hanburyanum, Reichb. J. in Bonplandia, vol. iv. p. 329 (Oct. 1856).

Dr. Lindley, the author of this species, observes that it

belongs to the D. nobile group, but that besides its different

habit, it isa much handsomer plant, with a longer lip and

very acute petals and sepals. Its native country was un-

known at the date of its publication, and is not now certain ;

but judging from the number of forms allied to D. nodile that

have lately been received from Rangoon, Moulinaine, and

the Tenasserim provinces, it is most probable that it was

imported from thence. Very shortly after Dr. ‘Lindley had

published it, it was described as D. Hanburyanum by Prof.

Reichenbach, and from the. same source—Mr. Hanbury’s

garden. Our specimen flowered in the Royal Gardens in

April of the present year.

The specific name is derived from lituus, a kind of curved

trumpet or clarion, in allusion to the form of the lip.

Descr. Stems fascicled, eighteen inches Jong, as thick et

a goosequill, reed-like, yellow, internodes about an inch

long, the lowest tuberous at the base; sheaths short, ap-

pressed, truncate, striate. Leaves not seen. Flowers solitary, or

auausr Isr, 1873.

2—5-fascicled on a short peduncle at the nodes, two inches in

diameter; bracts short; pedicels and ovary very slender,

together one inch long. Sepals spreading and recurved,

oblong-lanceolate, acute or apiculate, bright purple, reticu-

Jated. Petals spreading, ovate-oblong, much broader than

the sepals, of the same colour, except towards the base, where

they are nearly white. Zip one and a half inch long ;

curved like a trumpet, with the mouth upwards. Claw con-

volute, white with deep purple transverse stripes. Limb

expanded, orbicular, concave, with recurved margins. Disk

of a very deep violet-purple colour, this is surrounded by a

broad faint yellow velvety band, which is edged with purple

that extends to the quite entire margin of the limb.—

J: DoH.

Fig. 1, Lip :—magnified.

een ae

ete

i ata

- Tas. 6051.

SILEN E Hooxert.

Native of California.

Nat. Ord. CarYopHYLLEZ.—Tribe SILENES.

Genus Siteng, Linn. ; (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 147).

Sitene Hookeri ; perennis, tota tomentoso-pubescens, caulibus e radici peren-

nate plurimis decumbentibus foliosis, foliis anguste elliptico-lanceolatis

v. oblanceolatis acutis enerviis in petiolum latum angustatis, radicalibus

in plantis junioribus spathulatis, floribus solitariis v. in axillis sub-

cymosis amplis pedicellatis rarius in pedunculos 2-floros dispositis,

calyce pollicari anguste oblongo demum turgido non _ viscoso

10-nervio, limbi brevis lobis triangulari-ovatis, petalis pallide roseis

ungue basi ciliato superne in laminam cuneatam 4-6-fidam sensim

dilatato facie 2-carinato, carinis in dentes productis, limbi lobis linearibus

zequalibus v. variis acutis v. obtusis, staminibus petalinis ungue multo

brevioribus sepalinis filamentis filiformibus elongatis, ovarii stipite

glaberrimo.

SitenE Hookeri, Nuttall in Torr. and Gray Fl. N. Am., vol. i. p. 198.

8. Bolanderi, A. Gray in Proc. Amer. Acad., vol. vii. p. 330 (March, 1868).

This curious species of Silene was discovered some forty

years ago in woods of the Wahlamet, in Oregon, and has been

gathered repeatedly since by various collectors in different

parts of Oregon and California; most recently by Prof.

Bolander, in wooded hillsides in the Plumas country. It is

quite unlike any other cultivated in Europe, and especially

remarkable from the great size of the flowers in comparison

with the rest of the plant. Nuttall, the founder of the

species, describes the petals as white, but they are of

a pale rose colour in our specimens. In Gray’s description

and our specimens of S. Bolanderi these petaline lobes vary

exceedingly in number, length, and breadth, the outer on

either side being sometimes reduced to mere teeth.

_ Silene Hookert is well adapted for rockwork cultivation ;

it was introduced by Professor Bolander, who sent seeds to

Mr. Thompson of Ipswich, who forwarded living specimens

Auaust Ist, 1873.

to Kew, which flowered in May of the present year. The

flowers are very fugacious.

Duscr. Whole plant softly pubescent, subtomentose or

almost woolly. Stems many from a perpendicular root, which in

old plants is stout and woody, decumbent, six to ten inches lon g,

slender. Leaves two to three inches long, the lower elliptic-

spathulate, narrowed into long petioles, the remainder elliptic-

lanceolate acute or acuminate, all uniformly pubescent on

both surfaces, midrib and nerves very obscure. Mowers two to

two and a half inches in diameter, solitary in the leaf-axils,

or sometimes obscurely arranged in terminal or axillary few-

flowered cymes ; pedicels very short. Calyx about one inch

long, at first narrow, soon turgid, 10-nerved, veins obscure,

teeth short, erect, green, with narrow membranous edges.

Petals twice as long as the calyx, pale pink; claw ciliate,

gradually dilating into the broad limb, which is 4-cleft ; lobes

very variable, narrow or broad, equal, or the outer smaller

or reduced to teeth, acute or obtuse ; there are two parallel

white ridges on the claw which terminate in white teeth at the

blade. Gynophore columnar, nearly glabrous. Stamens very

unequal, five petaline very short; five sepaline with slender

filaments. Ovary glabrous, ovoid; styles slender.—/. D. H.

Fig. 1, Petal and petaline stamen ; 2, gynophore, very young ovary, and

long stamens; 3, very young ovary and gynophore; 4, advanced calyx :-—

all magnified.

Vincent Bro oksD ay&Sonlmp

Tas. 6052.

CINCHONA CALISAYA, VAR. JOSEPHIANA.

Native of Bolivia and Peru.

Nat. Ord. Rupracex.—Tribe CrncHones,

Genus C1ncuona, Linn. ; (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. ii. p. 32).

CincHona Calisaya ; foliis oblongis v. lanceolato-obovatis obtusis basi at-

tenuatis rarius utrinque acutis glabratis nitidis v. subtus pubescentibus

in axillis venarum scrobiculatis, filamentis quam dimidia anthera

plerumque brevioribus, capsula ovata florem longitudine equante, semini-

bus margine crebre fimbriato-denticulatis (Weddell, Hist. Nat. Quing.,

30).

Var. 8. Josephiana; frutex pratensis foliis oblongo-v. ovato-lanceolatis

acutiusculis obtusisve utrinque glaberrimis rigidulis scrobiculatis v.

escrobiculatis capsula vulgo maore.

C. Calisaya var. Josephiana, Weddell, Hist. Nat. Quing., p. 31. Notes sur

les Quinquinia, 18 et 54. Gust. Planch. des Quing., p. 74. Triana,

Nouv. Etudes sur les Quing., p. 64.

This very distinct looking form of Cinchona Calisaya

flowered in October, 1872, with Mr. Howard, who informs

me that he received the plant from Kew some five or six

years previously, but that he has kept no record of the locality

whence it was originally obtained. It is obviously one of

the plants brought by Mr. Pearce in 1866, and of which

there are specimens from himself in the Kew herbarium,

marked as an evergreen shrub, six to ten feet high, gathered in

flower at Moro, altitude 5—6000 feet, January, 1866, several

Ward’s cases of which were forwarded from Kew to India in the

same and following years. Mr. Howard at first supposed it

to be the C. micrantha, var. Calisayoides (which is inseparable

by botanical characters from C. micrantha var. oblongifolia, of

Weddell), and it is indeed to all appearance intermediate

between (©. Calisaya and C. micrantha. Subsequently, after a

correspondence with Dr. Weddell, he agreed with that

learned author in considering it referable to C. Calisaya var.

Josephiana. The “ Itzhu cascarilla’”’ of the Peruvians, a plant

which grows very abundantly in the same regions as C.

AuGusT Ist, 1875.

Cahsaya (namely, Bolivia and Southern Peru), but in open

meadows, not in woods, to which no doubt the comparatively

coriaceous foliage is attributable, and to which it owes its

native name. Weddell indeed regards it as a subspecies,

and places under it three varieties, a. glabra, b. pubescens, and

c. discolor (C. Boliviana, Wedd. in part), to the first of

which our figure belongs, though the leaves are longer and

narrower than the description would imply. —

Owing to its growing out of the forest, the seeds of this

form appear to be much easier procured than those of the

true Calisaya, which is unfortunate, as Mr. Howard pro-

nounces the bark to be of inferior quality, a fact which he

is disposed to connect with the colour of the flowers, which

are greenish white below, and brilliant white above. C.

micrantha vax. virdifiora, affording another case in point. The

colour of the flowers should, however, according to Dr.

Weddell, be pink, and Pearce remarks that the flowers were

pink in his native specimens They are very fragrant; the

odour is described by Mr. Howard as between cloves and

Jessamine. The name Josephiana was given in honour of

Joseph de Jussieu, who described it in his MSS.

Descr. A bush or a small shrubby tree. Leaves five to

ten inches long, by one and a half to three broad, elliptic-

oblong or narrowly oblong or obovate-lanceolate, obtuse or

subacute, coriaceous, lucid, dark green, quite glabrous on both

surfaces, except the nerve-axils beneath. Pefiole a half to

three-quarters of aninchlong. Flowers two-thirds of an inch

long, in terminal erect panicles. Calyx small, green, pubes-

cent. Corolla-tube tomentose, not split laterally, dull green

below, clear white above (in cultivated specimens), as are

the lobes. Stamens of male flowers with the filaments

about half the length of the anthers; of the female very

short indeed. Capsule equalling the flower in length, turgid.

Seeds with a closely fimbriate wing.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, the same with the corolla laid open :—both magnified.

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W.Fitch del a lith ; Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

Tap. 6053.

HIBBERTIA Bavpournn.

Native of New Caledonia.

Nat. Ord. Dittentacem.—Tribe H1pperTIE&.

Genus Hispertra, And. ; (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 14).

Hinpertta (§ Cyclandra) Baudouinii; suffrutex humilis glaberrimus robustus,

foliis subpedalibus sessilibus anguste lanceolatis acuminatis integer-

rimis v. subserratis subtus pallidis costa valida, racemis elongatis

robustis multifloris, floribus secundis 2 poll. diam. subsessilibus, bracteis

oblongo-v.-lanceolato- subulatis, sepalis oblongis apiculatis, petalis

obovato-cuneatis emarginatis, staminibus ad 100 extimis sterilibus,

carpellis 2-4 glabris.

HissertiA Baudouinii, Brong. et Gris, Plantes pew connues de la Nouvelle-

Caledonie, in Ann. Sc. Nat., ser. 5, vol. ii. p. 149.

This noble plant differs considerably in habit from its

Australian congeners, and approaches in the curious inflores-

cence to its New Caledonian ally Zhisema, from which it 1s

‘distinguished by being pentapetalous. It was discovered by

the traveller whose name it bears near Port-de-France

in New Caledonia; and was introduced into Europe by

Dr. Moore of the Glassnevin Gardens, Dublin, who received

seeds of it from his brother, the Superintendent of the Bo-

tanical Gardens of Sydney. There is an indigenous fruiting

specimen in the Kew Herbarium sent under. this name by

Vieillard, gathered on the top of Mount Mou, which has

shorter leaves and very much enlarged sepals.

The distribution of the genus //iddertia 18 very remarkable,

it abounds in Australia, three or four species are natives of

New Caledonia, and two of Madagascar ; the latter, however, |

forming a very distinct section or subgenus ; whilst the New

Caledonian species belong to a section that abounds in the

adjoining continent. The genus is absent from New

Zealand.

SEPTEMBER lst, 1873,

Duscr. A small shrub, glabrous in all its parts, except

an obscure silky pubescence on the edges of the sepals.

Stem as thick as the little finger, grooved. Leaves crowded

towards the ends of the branches, spreading, a foot long,

sessile, narrow lanceolate, acuminate, quite entire or minutely

distantly serrulate; midrib broad, pale; nerves very faint,

coriaceous, paler and subglaucous beneath. Racemes axillary,

equalling the leaves, stout, subrecurved. Mowers secund,

subsessile, two inches in diameter. Bracts and bracteoles

three, shorter than the sepals, the lower narrow-oblong, acu-

minate, the upper subulate, green, deciduous. Sepals oblong,

concave, apiculate, coriaceous, green. Petals bright yellow,

obovate-cuneate, retuse. Stamens very numerous and densely

crowded ; filaments slender; anthers linear-oblong, the outer

imperfect. Carpels 2—4, ovoid, turgid, glabrous, with slender

diverging styles.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Stamen; 2, carpels; 3, transverse section of do, :—all magnified.

Tas. 6054.

KAIMPFERIA rorunpa.

Native of the East Indies.

Nat. Ord. Sciraminez#.—Tribe Zrvzipera.

Genus Kamprertia, Linn. ; (Endl. Gen., p. 228).

Karreria rotunda, radicibus tuberiferis, scapis precocibus, vaginis latis

acutis viridibus v. luride purpureis, foliis elliptico-lanceolatis acutis disco

saturate viridi ceterum colore pallidiore irrovatis subtus fusco-purpureis,

ovario glabro, perianthio exteriore spathaceo, petalis 3 exterioribus

anguste loriformibus albis interiores excedentibus, interiorum 2 supe-

riorum late oblongis apiculatis fere albis, inferiore 2-lobo lobis

orbiculato-oblongis apiculatis purpureis, anther connectivo superne in

laminam 2-fidam polymorpham fisso.

Kampreria rotunda, Linn. Flor, Zeylan., p. 9; Tab. nost., 920. Roscoe

Scitam. Pl., t. 97. Wight Ic. Pl. Ind. Or., t. 2029. Flore des Serres,

vol. x t= 1044

K. longa, Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr., t. 317. Ann. Sc. Nat., ser. 2, vol. xv. 317,

t. 20, f. 5-8. Redouté Lil., vol. i. t. 49.

Matan Kua, Rheede Hort. Mal., pt. xi. p. 17, t. 9.

At first sight, on comparing this with the early figure of

K. rotunda (Tab. 920), it would appear to be a very different

plant, and its close accordance with Jacquin’s fine figure of

C. longa, led at once to its reference to that species. After,

however, a careful comparison with the excellent dissected

specimen of K. rotunda in the Kew Herbarium, and the

numerous published plates of that plant, including the above

cited very indifferent one published nearly seventy years

ago in this Magazine, I cannot but regard K. longa as a

well cultivated form, of rotunda, which, as in the case of the

specimen here figured, produced its flowers in April, and its

leaves at about midsummer. This opinion is, indeed, ex-

pressed by Sims (see Tab. 920), who, notwithstanding that

his figure bears no great resemblance to Jacquin’s, perti-

nently says, “ Upon what ground Jacquin considers his K.

longa as a different species I cannot conjecture.

SEPTEMBER Ist, 1873.

Kempferia rotunda was known to Bauhin and Ray, and

has been cultivated in England for nearly a century; it is a

reputed native of the Hast Indies, but as far as I can make

out is only known in continental India in a cultivated state ;

Roxburgh says that it is “no doubt a native of various parts

of India,” but adds, “yet I cannot say where it is indigenous.”

Wight figures it from Malabar, but does not state whether

it is indigenous or no. Thwaites includes it in his enumera-

tion of Ceylon plants, as an inhabitant of the warmer parts

of that island. ‘The specimen here figured flowered in Mr.

Bull's establishment in April of the present year.

Col. Heber Drury, the best authority on the economic plants

of India, says of this the Bhu champa, or Bhue champa of

Bengal (Useful Plants of Inda, ed. 2, p. 271), that its native -

place is unknown, and that it is much cultivated in gardens,

because of the beauty and fragrance of the flowers; he adds,

that according to Rheede, the whole plant is reduced to

powder, and used as an ointment, in which state it is

reckoned as very useful in healing wounds, &c. The root,

which has a hot ginger-like taste, is useful in anasarcous

swellings.—J/. D. H.

Fig. 1, Apex of ovary with stamen and style :—magnified.

Witch, del ct lith .

Vincent Brooks Day &Son, imp.

é~

Tas. 6055.

SEMPERVIV UM TECTORUM, VAR. ATLANTICUM.

Native of the Greater Atlas.

Nat. Ord. CRASSULACEE.

Genus Sempervivoum, Linn. ; (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 660).

SEMPERVIVUM ftectorum, var. atlanticum; foliis rosularum obovato-oblongis

apice breviter acuminatis utrinque breviter glanduloso- pubescentibus

margine ciliatis caulinis oblongo-lanceolatis, superioribus cymisque

glanduloso-pubescentibus, calyce infra medium fisso, staminibus omni-

bus perfectis virgineis obscure viridibus, squamis hypogynis minutis-

simis glandulosis, carpellis divergentibus toro elevato suffultis et a

verticillis exterioribus squamis exceptis omnino discretis staminibus —

zqui-longis.

Sempervivum tectorum, Zinn. var. atlanticum, Ball, in Trimen. Lond. Journ.

Bot., 1873, ined.

The Common Houseleek is so polymorphous a plant that

many species have been made of its various forms, which

differ remarkably in beauty, brightness of colour, and value

in a horticultural point of view. Of these the present

is one of the handsomest and most distinct, so much so that

Mr. Ball has doubtfully proposed it as a sub-species. It

was discovered by Messrs. Ballg Maw, and myself, on rocks

in the valley of Ait-Mesan in the Greater Atlas, at an eleva-

tion of about 5000 feet, and flowered on the rockwork in

Kew in June of the present year. Its bright star-like

flowers, with white petals, having a broad ruby-coloured central

stripe, gave it a very sparkling appearance. Like the

Common Houseleek it is easily propagated, and should

replace its duller coloured prototype in general estimation.

Duscr. Rosettes three to four inches across. Leaves two

inches long, bright green, obovate-oblong oblanceolate or

obovate-spathulate, very shortly mucronate, more or less

glandular-pubescent on both surfaces, margin ciliate, tips

reddish; cauline leaves oblong-lanceolate, upper glandular--

pubescent, all turning a brilliant vinous red-purple as the

flowers begin to expand. Cyme dichotomous, densely

SEPTEMBER Ist, 1873.

glandular-hairy, many-flowered, spreading. owers one and

a quarter to one and a half inches in diameter. Calyx sub-

spherical, densely hairy, divided three-fourths of the way

down into twelve oblong acuminate green segments. Petals

spreading, narrow linear, acuminate, white, with a broad,

bright red-purple median band. Stamens all perfect ;

anthers dull green before bursting. Hypogynous glands

very small, glandular. Carpels erect, equalling the stamens,

raised on a lobed disk considerably within the staminal whorl,

green; styles subulate, slightly recurved.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Leaf; 2, calyx and carpels; 3, carpels and hypogynous glands :—

all magnified,

Vincent Brooks Day &Saniup

et lith

tch del

baat

Tas. 6056,

PHILYDRUM GLABERRIMUM.

Native of the Pacific Islands ?

Nat. Ord. Pumyprea.

Genus Puityprum, Banks; (Endl. Gen. Pl., p. 133).

Puityprum glaberrimum ; foliis ensiformibus, inflorescentia paniculata alba,

bracteis lanceolatis acuminatis, perianthii foliolis recurvis 2 exterioribus

subequalibus ovato-oblongis obtusis, lateralibus multo minoribus

staminis filamento brevi crasso, anthera oblonga loculis rectis v. paulo

incurvis connectivo dorso rubro, stylo gracili, ovario glaberrimo.

The natural order to which this plant belongs has hitherto

been supposed to consist of but two species, belonging to as

many genera, of which one, Heferia, is Australian, and the

other, Philydrum lanuginosum (Tab. nost. 783), extends from

eastern temperate Australia to China and the Malayan

Peninsula. It was therefore with no small surprise that I

received from Mr. Bull in May last living specimens of a

plant which, on examination, proved to belong to this order,

and to be so closely allied to the Philydrum lanuginosum in

floral structure, as well as in habits and foliage, that I cannot

consider its one divergent character, that of almost straight

(not spirally-twisted) anther-cells, to have more than a sectional

or subgeneric value, to which the name of Orthothylax may

be attached. Unfortunately the native country of this very

interesting discovery is not certainly known ; Mr. Bull

having received it from Sydney in a box that contained both

Australian and Pacific Island plants. Considering how well

known the former Flora now is (thanks especially to Baron

Mueller’s researches), and how little known are the Pacific

Islands botanically, it is probable that this P/ilydrum comes

from the latter.

The genus Philydrum is a very remarkable one, on account

of the dimerous perianth and’ monandrous flowers. The

SEPTEMBER Ist, 1873.

latter, Griffith (Notule Pl. iii. p. 230) has correctly shown

to be due to the coalition at a very early period of the

two posticous sepals; and he attributes the monandrous

andreecium to the suppression of the two posticous stamens,

not considering the two lateral perianth segments to be

staminodes, on account of their appearing to belong to a

different series from the stamens. In our species, however,

there is a very obscure connexion between the bases of these

two segments and the filament, which favours the view of

their staminal origin, though they may belong to an outer

series of stamens, whilst the solitary developed one belongs

to an inner series.

The affinity of Philydree has been disputed. Brown

regarded them as having affinities with Orchidee@ and Bur-

manniacee ; Kndlicher places them between Melanthacee and

Juncee ; and Lindley refers them to his alliance Xyridales,

which also includes Commelynacee, Meyaceea, and Xyridacee,

a position which appears to be the most natural.

Descr. A tufted herb, three feet high, quite glabrous

throughout. Leaves equitant, ensiform, acuminate, two

feet long, one inch broad, dull green, coriaceous, margin

perfectly entire, midrib prominent; nerves very oblique,

few, with transverse venules; sheaths with scarious edges.

Flowering-stem exceeding the leaves, terete, leafy. Panicle

erect, with erect branches, a foot long, its branches, flowers,

and upper bracts white; lower bracts ensiform, two inches

long, green; upper ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, one quarter

to half an inch long. Flowers sessile, three-quarters of an

inch broad in their longest (vertical) diameter. Outer Peranth-

segments oblong, ovate, obtuse, or apiculate, recurved, white ;

inner much smaller, also recurved and obtuse. S/amens

slightly curved, filaments very short and stout. Anthers

oblong, obtuse, with parallel contiguous cells, connective

orange-red at the back. Ovary curved, unequally 3-lobed

and 3-celled, quite glabrous; style slender, and stigma

minute.—/J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower and bract ; 2, front view of flower; 3, stamens; 4, ovary;

5, vertical section of do, :—all magnified,

W Fitch, del et Lith.

6057

“Vincent Brooks Day &Son, inp

Tap. 6057.

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM unrrorsvm.

Native of South Africa:

Nat. Ord. Ficommrm.—Tribe Mesempryee.

Genus MesempryantHemum, Linn. s (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl.,

vol. i. p. 858).

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM introrsum ; ramulis effusis erecto-decumbentibus, juni-

oribus hispidulis foliisque minute celluloso-tessellatis, foliis remotis

$-cylindraceis patenti-recurvis apice sepalisque penicillatim barbatulis,

setis ad 10 badiis, floribus terminalibus solitariis gracile pedunculatis,

calycis tubo turbinato, lobis subeylindraceis duobus majoribus, petalis

sub-2-seriatis radiantibus anguste linearibus ochraceis vitellinis roseis v.

rubris, filamentis albis externis anantheris, stigmatibus 5 minutis.

conico-recurvis.

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM introrsum, Haworth in Phil. Mag., 1824, p. 428. ex DC.

Prod., vol. iii. p. 440. Salm Dyck, Monog. Mesemb., fasc. 52, f. 2.

Harv. and Sond. Fl. Cap., vol. iii. p- 446.

There are many good reasons for encouraging the culti-

vation of the once favourite genus Mesembryanthemum, amongst

which not the least is their duration, for when once estab-

lished they need never be lost; they are further evergreen,

cost little in soil and cleaning, and many of them are

amongst the most brilliantly coloured greenhouse plants.

The subject of the present plate has been established at Kew

for at least half a century. The first notice I find of it is in the

work of Haworth, quoted above, who states that it was culti-

vated in Kew in 1824. I do not, however, find it described

in the second edition of “Hortus Kewensis,” published in 1811,

Where 175 species are enumerated as then in cultivation in

the Royal Gardens; a number reduced in 1855 to 157 , and

now increased to 225, including some varieties and species

that have not yet flowered. Upwards of 300 species are

orale from the Cape alone, in Harvey and Sonders’

lora,

Dusor. Stem branched from the base; branches a foot

and more long, at first erect, then prostrate or pendulous, as

SEPTEMBER Ist, 1873.

thick as a sparrow quill, and like the surface of the leaves

tessellated and papillose with bladdery cells; young parts

minutely hispid, each papilla bearing a bristle. Leaves in

distant pairs, about one inch long, somewhat recurved, semi-

terete, with very rounded sides, tipped with a pencil of about

ten spreading brown bristles, connate at the base, light green,

fleshy. owers three-fourths of an inch in diameter, on long

slender terminal peduncles. Calyz-tube turbinately hemi-

spheric, obscurely obtusely angled, green; limb of five

spreading and recurved segments like the leaves, of which

two exceed the petals, and are tipped like the leaves with

bristles. Petals biseriate, the inner shorter, narrow linear,

obtuse, very various in colour, white fading to rose-colour,

or ochreous, or red. Stamens short, filaments white; the

outer with imperfect anthers. Stigmas five, small, short,

conic, recurved.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Portion of stem and leaves; 2, vertical section of flower;

3, stigmas :—all magnified.

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: Tas. 6058,

LILIUM (HYBRIDUM) Kramert.

Raised from Japanese Parents.

Nat. Ord. Lintacea.—Tribe TuLiree.

Genus Litium, Linn. ; (Baker in Gard. Chron., 1871).

Litium (hybridum) Krameri; caule gracili erecto simplici 4-pedali tereti

‘ viridi fusco leviter striato, foliis sparsis horizontalibus breviter petio-

latis anguste lanceolatis acuminatis glabris supra saturate viridibus

subtus pallidis, flore solitario terminali inclinato v. horizontali 8-10 poll. —

diametro, albo pallide roseo v. carneo, perianthio infundibuliformi-

campanulato, segmentis oblanceolatis subacutis epapillosis supra me-

dium revolutis, staminibus declinatis, antheris lineari-oblongis polline

ferrugineo, stigmate viridi.

As a rule hybrid plants do not find a place in the Botanical

Magazine, from nowant of admiration for these always interest-

ing, and often beautiful, productions of the gardener's skill,

but from the simple fact that nature supplies superabundant

materials for this work, and that it is the more legitimate func-

tion of a Botanical work to illustrate the possible or probable

parents of future hybrids, and thus afford to others the means

of elucidating the history of hybrids when these are formed.

In thé present case it was under the erroneous impression that

L. Krameri was a species that it was prepared for publication

in the Magazine, and not with the view of illustrating itself or

its origin, which are, however, both sufficiently deserving of a

place in the pages of a Botanical work.

Lilium Krameri has been forwarded for figuring both by

G. Wilson, Esq., F.L.8., and by Messrs. Barr and Sugden, to

the former of which gentlemen a first-class certificate was

awarded for it by the Royal Horticultural Society. Accord-

ing to Mr. Baker it is a hybrid between JL. speceosum and

L. japonicum, an opinion which Mr. Wilson thinks confirmed

OCTOBER Ist, 1873.

by its foliage and odour. It would be interesting to know

precisely, respecting this relationship, which of the parents

took the father’s part and which the mother’s duties. Mr.

Wilson informs me that he believes it was sent by Mr.

Kramer of Japan to Messrs. Teutschel of Colchester two years

ago under three varieties, accompanied by coloured drawings.

Of these No. 1 had rather expanded flowers like Z. Jongiflorum

with mauve tint on the back of the petals. No. 2 was wholly

mauve. No. 3 was wholly white. Of these Mr. Wilson has

flowered Nos. ] and 2, of which No. 1 had not smooth edges

to the petals, and No. 2 was of a deeper mauve than in the

drawing. Mr. Barr has been good enough to give me pre-

cisely similar information as the result of his experience, with

the addition that these Lilies vary much in size according to

cultivation.

Referring to figures of the supposed parents of Z. Krameri,

this plant agrees with Z. speciosum var. album (Tab. nost.

3785) in the form of the flower, fragrance, declinate stamens,

and long anthers; in all of which points it differs from J.

Japomcum. On the other hand, it agrees with ZL. japonicum

in the narrow leaves, absence of papillae on the perianth

segments, and colour of the pollen.

Unfortunately little is known of these Japanese Lilies in

their wild state. Most are imported as cultivated in the

gardens of the natives, though Z. auratum, the noblest of all,

is said to abound in the fields of Japan. All vary much in

colour, L. speciosum especially, from deep rose colour to pure

white.—J. D. H.

_ Fig. 1, Reduced figure of plant; 2, young capsule :—Loth of the natural

size,

Vincent Brocks Day & Sou, hep

; q

Tas. 6059,

CARAGUATA Zaunt, * Gvz7as(7

LAA WTS

Native of Chirigu. file Lilustebe

Nat. Ord. BromMEL1acez.—Tribe TILLANDSIEA,

Genus Caracuata, Plumier ; (Endl. Gen. Pl., p. 183).

Caracuata Zahnii; cespitosa, subcaulescens, glaberrima, nitida, foliis

pedalibus e basi lata lineari-lanceolatis integerrimis recurvis acutis et

apiculatis infra medium concavis flavis rubro-striatis, ultra medium

planis coccineis apicem versus viridibus, scapo erecto dense foliaceo-

vaginatis, vaginis spithameis imbricatis suberectis subulato-lanceolatis,

panicula densa aurea, pedicellis brevibus, bracteis ovato-subulatis

apicibus elongatis rubris, bracteolis ovato-oblongis, sepalis lineari-

oblongis subacutis, corolle tubo calycem paulo superante lobis ovatis

obtusis concavis, filamentis tubo corollw adnatis, antheris vix exsertis

Titianpsia Zahnii, Hort. Veitch.

I have adopted the specific name proposed for this splendid

plant by its importers, Messrs. Veitch, in commemoration of

the services of their excellent collector Mr. Zahn, who dis-

covered it in 1870, in Chiriqui, Central America, shortly be-

fore he perished by drowning, a victim to his enterprise, on

his way to Costa Rica. ; :

The genus Caraguata comprises the Tillandsias with united

petals and filaments adnate to the tube of the corolla. A good

illustration of one species, C. splendens, is given by Professor

Morren, of Liege, who is justly celebrated for his knowledge

of Bromeliacee, and the fine collection he has formed of them

in the Botanic Garden of Liege, in the Flore des Serres

(t. 1091); the C. Zahnii is nearly allied both to this and to

Grisebach’s Zt//andsia compacta, but differs in the much.

longer leaves, long sheaths on the scape, and form of the

bracts. Messrs. Veitch’s specimen, which is here figured,

flowered in May of the present year.

OCTOBER lst, 1873.

Duscr. Stems tuftea, branched from the base, very short,

densely leafy, whole plant perfectly glabrous and shining.

Leaves a foot long, by one to one and a quarter inches

broad at the middle, linear-ligulate, acute, apiculate; lower

half concave, rounded at the back, yellow with crimson

stripes ; upper half nearly flat, of a bright crimson pass-

ing into yellow, and then into green at the tip, margin

quite entire and smooth. Scape erect, densely clothed

with erect scarlet sheaths a span long, the long acute

tips of which reach the inflorescence; the sheaths are

lanceolate-subulate, obtusely keeled, quite entire, and very

indistinctly nerved. Znflorescence an oblong compressed dense

panicle of a pale golden colour, except the scarlet tips of the

lowest bracts, which project from the base, and are ovate

with long subulate points; bracteoles boat-shaped, obtuse,

hard and coriaceous, rather exceeding the sepals. Sepals

linear-oblong, very concave, subacute, coriaceous, imbricate.

Corolla-tube shortly exceeding the calyx, terete; limb one-

third of an inch in diameter, of three ovate very obtuse concave

lobes. Stamens with the filaments wholly adnate to the

corolla-tube, at the mouth of which the linear-oblong yellow

anthers appear to be sessile, Ovary trigonous ; stigmatic lobes

three, linear, erect, twisted.—J. D. if,

Fig. 1, reduced view of whole plant; 2, dower; 3, portion of corolla and

_ Stamens; 4, ovary style and stigmas :—figs, 2,3 and 4, magnified.

6060

Vincent Brooks Day&Son, imp.

SF ogee eam are

Tas. 6060.

LIN ARIA SAGITTATA,

Native of Marocco.

Nat. Ord. ScropHuLarIne#,—Tribe ANTIRRHINER.

Genus Linaria, Linn. ; (Benth, in DC. Prodr., vol. x. p. 266).

Livarta (Elatinoides) sagittata ; glabra, caudice brevi lignosa, caulibus

filiformibus subscandentibus elongatis intricatim ramosis, foliis alternis

petiolatis oblongo-hastatis lanceolatis linearibus basi sagittatis integer-

rimis, floribus flavis axillaribus solitariis, pedicellis capillaribus, calycis—

segmentis lanceolatis acutis, corolle ample flave calcare tubo longiore.

Linarta heterophylla, Spreng. Syst. Veg., vol. ii. p. 790; Chavan. Monog.

Linar., p. 112; Benth. in DC. Prod., vol. vii. p- 270; Webb. § Berth.

Phytogr. Canar., vol. iii. 141, t. 181 (non Desfontaines).

L. Webbiana, Visiani L’Orto Bot. di Torino, p. 142; ex Walp. Rep., vol. iii.

p. 195.

L. circinnata, Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard., ser. 2, vol. iii. t. 235.

L. Lancerotte, Delile, Sem. Hort. Monsp., 1836, p. 26 (ex Webb.).

AntirrHInum heterophyllum, Schousb. Beobacht, Gewdchs. Marokk., 181,

_ t.3; Wiild. Sp. Pl., vol. iii. p. 234,

A. sagittatum, Por. Dict. Suppl., vol. iv. p. 19.

Tn the June number of this Magazine (Tab. 6041)* it was

pointed out that the name Linaria heterophylla, which had

long been applied to the species now figured, must be retained

for that to which it was first applied by Desfontaines, whose

excellent published drawing and description. left nothing

wanting for the recognition of the plant to which he had ap-

plied that name. I have now the opportunity of figuring

the species which had usurped the name of /eferophylla, and

which is a very interesting one on account of its subscandent

habit, that enables it to climb amongst the hedges of

Marocco to a height of five feet and more, forming tangled

masses that spread for yards over the bushes, which are some-

* On the second page of the description, and third line from the top, for

pallidiflora read heterophylla.

OCTOBER Ist, 1873.

times speckled with its golden blossoms. It was described

first from Schousboe’s Maroccan specimen as Antirrhinum

heterophyllum by Schousboe the Danish Consul and naturalist ;

then by Poiret, from specimens in Desfontaines’ Herbarium

(no doubt Algerian) as 4. sagittatum; then by Sweet as L.

circinnata, a name derived from the recurved leaves of the

specimens he figured, which are not characteristic of the

species: his specimens were supposed to be raised from S.

. American seed. Later still in Visiani (according to Walpers)

as L. Webbiana, from Canarian specimens; and lastly by

Delile as Z. Lancerotte.

Linaria sagittata is a common plant about Magador, and ex-

tends as far south as Agadir. It is also found in the Island

of Lancerotte, one of the Canaries, and that one considerably

the nearest to the Maroccan coast, but in no other island of that

group, which looks as if it were a comparatively recent im-

portation that had not as yet spread further to the westward.

The specimen here figured was raised from seeds brought by

us from Marocco in 1871, and which flowered in June of the

— year in Mr. Maw’s garden and in the Royal Gardens,

ew.

Drscr. Stems very slender, six to ten feet long, branched,

subscandent from a woody perennial stock. Leaves scattered,

distant, petioled, one to one and a half inches long, lanceolate-

oblong or linear with a hastate base, quite entire, primordial

forming a rosette at the crown of the stock, sessile, elliptic-

lanceolate, acute. Mowers yellow, axillary, solitary on capillary

pedicels often exceeding the leaves. Sepals lanceolate, acute.

Corolla one and a half inches long, lips very broad, upper with

three short lobes, lower very short with a prominent palate ;

spur pubescent, exceeding the tube. Capsule globose, bursting

by two pores. Seeds reniform.—J/. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower :—magnified.

6061

del et jith

WEtch

eT,

nim}

F «Thaw tS

cent Brooks Day &:

Vinu

Tas. 6061.

PELECYPHORA ASELLIFORMIS VAR. CONCOLOR.

Native of Mezico.

Nat. Ord. Cactra.—Tribe EcHINOCACTES.

Genus Petecyruora, Ehrb. ; (Benth. and H. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 848).

Pexecypuora aselliformis; Ehrenberg in Bot. Zeit., vol.i. (1 843) p. 737; Walp.

Rep., vol. v. p. 822; Salm-Dyck Cact. in Hort. Dyck, cult. 5, et adn. 78;

Forst. Handb. der Cact. p. 257 ; Labouret. Monog. Cact. p. 148. Iilust.

Hortic., vol. vi. t. 186.

‘Var. concolor, petalis concoloribus.

This remarkable and still very rare plant, has been long

known amongst Cactus growers, and has in fact been in the

trade for many years, having been imported by the brothers

Tonel from Mexico, where it was said to have been found -

with the equally anomalous Cactaceous genus Anhalonium

(il. Hort., vol. xvi. t. 605 a). It was first published by Ehren-

berg, from specimens grown in Berlin in 1843, but nothing was

known of its floral character till Lemaire, in 1858, published

in the “Illustration Horticole” quoted above, an excellent

figure of it with a very full and interesting description.

The specimen here figured was forwarded by Mr. Justus

Corderoy of Blewbury, early in June last, with the observa-

tion that the flower differs markedly in colour from that of

Lemaire’s plant, which has an outer series of pale petals, —

whereas those of this are uniformly of a rose-purple, like the

inner series of Lemaire’s. Though so unlike other Cacti in the

sculpturing of the stem and its mammille, Pelecyphora is not

essentially different in these respects from Mammillaria ;

the mammille (which Lemaire regards as abnormal petioles

and calls podaria) are vertically oblong, and crowned verti-

cally with two contiguous rows of flat short horny cuspidate |

processes that overlap horizontally, and resemble the teeth

of a comb ; these are analogous to the spines of a Mammillaria,

OCTOBER Ist, 1873.

but instead of being free and projecting, they lie flat, and are

adnate to the ridge of the mammilla. This double series

resembles curiously a wood-louse, with which insects the plant

seems covered, and which fact has given it the trivial name

of asellvformis.

Descr. Stem tufted, dark green, shortly cylindric, three to

four inches high, one and a half to two inches in diameter,

often constricted about the middle, apex rounded. Muammille

spirally arranged, vertical, one third of an inch long,

_ rhomboidal in a tranverse section at the middle, com-

pressed laterally at the crown into a ridge, and contracted

to a narrow base, woolly in the axils; spines minute, short,

flat, cartilaginous, linear, oblique, subfalcate, pungent, bifari-

ously arranged onthe crest of the mammilla, adnateto its surface

with free tips. Howers clustered towards the top of the stem,

one and a half inch in diameter, sessile. Ovary small, naked,

oblong, sunk in the axils of the mammille. Perianth-tubeshort,

free, naked, funnel-shaped ; Segments in about four series, —

obovate-oblong ; acute, rose-purple. Svamens very numerous,

inserted in the mouth of the tube, filaments slender, multi-

seriate ; anthers minute. Style columnar ; stigmas with four

erect lobes.—J. D. H. |

Fig. 1, frontand 2, side view of a mammilla ; 3, flower laid open :—

all magnified.

606%

ch, del. et lth.

“incemt Brocks Day & Son lop

on alpine ridges, where it was discovere

Tas. 6062.

RUBUS DELICIOSUS.

Native of the Rocky Mountains.

Nat. Ord. Rosacea.—Tribe Rusez.

Genus Rusus, Linn. ; (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. i. p. 616).

Rusus deliciosus ; inermis, pubescenti-tomentosus, eglandulosus, e setosus;

caule erecto fruticoso ramoso, foliis simplicibus reniformi-rotundatis

3—5-lobis argute dentato-serratis rugosis, stipulis persistentibus lanceo-

latis, pedunculis 1—7-floris, floribus amplis, sepalis ovato-lanceolatis

apice dilatatis foliaceis serratis petalis orbiculatis crenato-lobulatis

brevioribus.

Rusvs deliciosus, Torrey in Ann. Lyceum, New York, vol. ii. p. 196; Torr.

Gr. Flor. North America, vol. i. p. 450; G. Don, Gard. Dict.,

vol. ii. p. 539.

A very interesting and little-known plant, described by its

discoverer, the late Dr. James, as bearing a fruit of delicious

sweetness and considerable size; the latter of which characters

is not borne out by the specimens communicated by Mr. Henry

and figured herewith. Whatever may be the qualities of its

fruit, there is no question about the handsomeness of the

flowering plant, whose flowers somewhat resemble those

of a white rose in size and abundance. It is a native of the

Rocky Mountains, between the latitudes 39° and 45° N.,

d by Dr. James in

1822, and there are specimens in the Kew Herbarium col-

lected by James in the Colorado territory in 1861,and by

E. Hall and J. P. Harbour in 1862. Between the dates of 1822

and 1861, it does not seem to have been seen by any natu-

ralist. Torrey and Gray (l.c.) and G. Don, in his Gardeners’

Dictionary, describe the flowers as purple, which is not the

case.

Rubus deliciosus was introduced into cultivation in England

by my friend Isaac Anderson Henry, F.L.S, of Hay Lodge,

Edinburgh, who received the seeds from N.W. America in N,

ocToBER Ist, 1873.

lat. 44°, and flowered the plants he raised from them in May,

1870. He describes it as “a bush a yard high, covered with

large lovely blossoms, and quite an ornamental plant, irre-

spective of the coming fruit.” The fruit, however, did not

come either in that or the following year, but in the end of

last July Mr. Anderson Henry sent a fruit, which is here

figured, and which was of a maroon brown colour and agree-

able taste. : 3

Drscr. A shrub a yard high, pubescent and tomentose,

but without glands, bristles, or prickles; stems much branched,

erect, covered with brown bark. Leaves long-petioled, two inches

in diameter, orbicular-reniform, 3—5-lobed, acutely toothed,

rugose, bright green; stipules lanceolate, acuminate. Pedun-

cles solitary, axillary, 1—3-flowered ; pedicels slender, often

exceeding the leaves. FVowers many, two inches in diameter.

Sepals ovate-lanceolate, with dilated cut tips. Petals pure

white, orbicular, crenate, longer than the sepals, wit globose

soft, sweet.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Calyx ; 2, ovary ; 3, ripe fruit :—all but 3 magnified.

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SENECIO (Kzert1a) Haworrtatt. :

Native of South Africa.

Nat. Ord. Compostrz.—Tribe SENECIONIDEZ.

Genus Kuernta, Haw.; (Benth. § Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. ii. p. 449,

sub Senecio).

Senecro (Kleinia) Haworthii ; fruticosa, erecta, tota lana alba induta, caule

ramisque teretibus carnosis, foliis 1-2-pollicaribus erecto-patentibus,

cylindraceis utrinque attenuatis v. ellipsoideis acutis capitulis term!-

nalibus pollicaribus solitariis pedunculatis, pedunculo robusto pauci-

bracteato, involucri squamis lineari-oblongis acutis exterioribus paucis

parvis subulato-lanceolatis appressis, floribus omnibus tubulosis invo-"

lucrum excedentibus flavis, pappi setis tenuissimis, achenis papillosis,

styli ramis apice truncatis.

Kiet Haworthii, DC. Prodr., vol. vii. pt. i. 338; Harv. and Sond. Fi.

Cap., vol. iii. p. 318.

_ K. tomentosa, Haw. Suce. Pl., p. 314.

CacaLtA tomentosa, Haw. Mise., p. 189, non Linn., &e.

C. Haworthii, Sweet in Loud. Hort. Brit., p. 336.

C. canescens, Willd. Enum. Suppl., 427 ; Spreng. Syst.! Veg., vol. iii. p. 472.

This singular Cape succulent has long been cultivated in

Europe, having been introduced into England in 1795 accord-

ing to Haworth, though its name does not appear 1h either

edition of the “ Hortus Kewensis.” Its exact habitat in South

Africa is not known, and Harvey in the “Flora Capensis quotes

the description of De Candolle, and this seems all he knew

about it. “Hab. Cape, cultivated m Europe (at least

formerly ), flower undescribed.” As De Candolle also states

that the flower is unknown in Europe, it was with great

interest that I received a flowering specimen from my friend

D. Hanbury, F.R.S., who obtained it in the garden of his

brother Thomas Hanbury, Esq., at Palazzo Orengo, near

Mentone, in July of the present year, and which is here

_ figured. Mr. Hanbury informs me that it forms a little

NOVEMBER Ist, 1873.

woody plant, a foot high, and flowered for the first time this

year, producing but one flower-head. Though not, as above

stated, enumerated in the ‘‘ Hortus Kewensis,” this plant has

been cultivated for many years at Kew, where there is no

record of its origin. It forms a small suffrutescent herb a few

inches high, in the Succulent House, growing freely enough.

Haworth again (Pl. Succ., 314) says, “This extraordinary

. plant has not yet produced any flowers with me. It is

completely enveloped in a short dense skin-like cover of

cottony wool, which is even capable of being stripped off the

leaves like a skin, leaving the leaves themselves green after

being divested of it. This cotton, if lighted in the flame of

a candle, &., slowly consumes in the manner of touch-paper,

owing to the resinous quality this genus abounds in.

_ C. tomentosa is capable of living very long without water, as

are also other woolly succulents, &c.” The absence of the

conical points to the stigma of this species would remove it

from Kleinia as characterized by most authors; its habit and

capitulum are, however, those of the peculiar group of chiefly

South African plants to which that name was originally

applied.

Duscr. A small undershrub, with spreading roots and

erect much branched stems, wholly clothed with a soft silvery

appressed snow-white wool, exposing when removed a very

pale green cuticle. Sem and branches cylindric, as thick as a

goose-quill. Leaves one to two inches long, cylindric or ellip-

soid, acute, narrowed into a very short petiole. Peduncle

terminal, two inches long, stout, erect, with a few scattered

linear acute bracts. Head erect, one and a quarter inches long,

cylindric, discoid, many-flowered ; involucral-scales appressed,

Inner series about eight, linear-oblong, acute, with a few outer

rather shorter lanceolate ones, and some still smaller subulate

ones at the base. Fowers longer than the involucre; achene

small, papillose ; pappus hairs very slender and _ soft,

silvery, equalling the slender tubular 5-lobed corolla ; anthers

with obtuse tips and bases; style arms spreading, truncate,

pubescent.—J/. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower ; 2, style arms; 3, pappus hairs :—all magnified.

6064

2, del et, ith

“Fncant Brookes Day & Son imp

"Sateen ore tesnENeSE eT nnn

Tas. 6064,

PENTSTEMON Patmert.

Native of California.

Nat. Ord. ScropHULARINER,—Tribe CHELONER.

Genus Pentstemon, L’Her. ; (Benth. in DC. Prodr., vol. x. p. 320).

PEntTsTEMoN (Eupentstemon) Palmeri ; erectus, elatus, robustus, glaberrimus,

glaucus, superne glanduloso-puberulus, foliis late ovato- v. oblongo-

lanceolatis argute inequaliter sinuato-dentatis inferioribus petiolatis

spathulatis superioribus late connatis perfoliatis, panicula elongata ra-

cemosa nuda, pedunculis 2-4-floris, pedicellis gracilibus, bracteolis

parvis, sepalis ovatis subacutis, corolla roseo-purpurea, tubo turgido-

campanulato, limbo 2-labiato ringente, labio superiore brevi recuryo

2-lobo, inferiore 3-lobo, filamentis glaberrimis, staminodio villoso.

Pentstemon Palmeri, A.Gray in Proc. Amer. Acad. Sc., vol. vii. p. 378, and

vol. viii. p. 291. Watson in U.S. Geol. Explor. 40th Parallel, Bot., p.

220.

The first notice of this noble species was drawn up by

Professor Asa Gray, from a cultivated plant supposed to have

been raised from seeds collected in Utah; and it has since

been fully described from dried specimens collected by Sereno

Watson during the Geological Exploration of the 40th Parallel,

who gives as its habitat in the work quoted above “ Arizona ;

foot-hills of the Trinity, West and East Humboldt Mountains

in Nevada, alt. 5-6000 ft., June, July. Also from Southern

Utah (Palmer).” The figure we give is from a specimen of a

secondary branch or shoot, forwarded by Mr. W. Thompson,

of Ipswich, who flowered it in August of the present year from

American seeds ; he informs me that it attains a height of three

to four feet, from which, and Watson’s attributing to it a

stature of two to five feet, I judge that it must be altogether

the grandest and most beautiful known species of the genus.

Though coming from so southern a latitude, 32°-42° N.,

appears to be quite hardy.

Descr. Quite glabrous and glaucous, except the inflores-

cence, which is described as minutely glandular pubescent in

NOVEMBER Ist, 1873.

native specimens. ASvem tall, erect, robust, cylindric, often

branched above. Leaves, the lower ovate-oblong or lanceolate

subacute, four to five inches long, long petioled, coarsely toothed);

the upper more deltoid-ovate, connate by their very broad

bases. Panicle much branched, thyrsoid, a foot long, strict,

erect, very many-flowered, leafless; bracts and _bracteoles

small, subulate-lanceolate, green. Flowers erecto-patent, one

and a half inches long. Sepa/s ovate-lanceolate, acuminate.

Corolla-tube constricted at the base, then dilated campanulate

and ventricose, especially below; upper surface rose-purple,

lower almost white ; limb 2-lipped, upper lip broad, recurved,

2-lobed, dark purple, lower of 3 equal rounded lobes also re-

curved, pale rose with purple streaks at the base of each

lobe. Stamens included, quite glabrous, filaments slender,

curved ; anthers short, reniform; staminode with a slender

stipes and spathulate densely vilious blade that lies on the

lower lip, and is exserted. Ovary glabrous; style very

slender.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Portion of side shoot and leaf; 2, portion of upper part of stem

and upper leaves :—both of the natural size ; 3, calyx and ovary ; 4, base of

corolla, stamens and staminode :—magnijied.

6065

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SAXIFRAGA KorscuylI.

Native of Asia Minor.

Nat. Ord. SAxIFRAGACEH.—Tribe SAXIFRAGER.

Genus Saxtrraca, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. PI., vol. i. p. 635).

SaxirraGa (Aizoonia) Kotschyt ; cespitoso-pulvinaris, foliis parvis in cau-.

diculos duros oblongos floriferos dense imbricatis oblongo-obovatis apice

rotundatis crasse coriaceis glabris membranaceo-marginatis integerrimis

v. basin versus denticulatis ambitu remote foveolatis, caulibus floriferis

erectis glanduloso-pilosis foliosis, foliis spathulato-obovatis apiculatis,

cymis paucifloris, floribus breviter pedicellatis inconspicuis, calycis tubo

obconico ovario adnato, lobis triangularibus erectis, petalis parvis spathu-

latis, staminibus (imperfectis?) brevibus discum marginantibus, stigma-

tibus reniformi-capitatis. - 7

S. Kotschyi, Boiss. Diagn., ser. ii. part 2, p. 65; FV. Orient., vol. ii. p. 804,

This is one of the group of Saxifrages that forms dense hard

cushion-shaped masses on the mountains of the South of

Europe and Western Asia, where they are exposed to great

summer heat and winter cold, without the humidity of a more

northern or western climate. They are consequently very

difficult to cultivate in England; and where they have suc-

ceeded they never form the luxuriant masses that they do in

the Mediterranean region. S. Kotschyi is a native of precipitous

rocks in the Cilician Taurus, at an elevation of 6-9000 feet,

as also of the mountains of Armenia and Cataonia, all in

Asia Minor, where it was discovered by Aucher, Eloi, the

French explorer on the Thessalian Olympus. ‘The specimen

here figured flowered in the Royal Gardens (where it has

been in cultivation for a good many years) 10 May, 1873,

and bears evidently imperfect flowers, the petals being

smaller than in the native specimens, and the stamens and

the styles quite arrested in growth. : : J

Drscr. Densely tufted rosettes, which are bluish an

glaucous green, oblong or cylindric, and one-half to two

NOVEMBER 1st, 1873.

inches long by one-half to three-quarters inch in diameter,

forming hard, almost incompressible masses from the rigidity

of the close-set spreading leaves. Leaves one quarter to

one-third inch long, closely imbricate, spreading, obovate,

obtuse, apiculate, shining, concave above, obscurely keeled

beneath, margin white and membranous, sometimes erose

towards the base, with a few distant impressed points

that are very obscure in a living state, shining on both

surfaces. Flowering-stems one inch to three inches high,

strict, erect, stout, with many reniform spathulate erecto-patent

cauline leaves, which are tinged red, and clothed at the

margin and back with glandular hairs, as on the stem and

inflorescence. Flowers cymose, few, erect, shortly pedicelled,

one-quarter to one-third inch in diameter. Calyz-tube

turbinate or obconic, adnate to the ovary ; lobes erect, tri-

angular, acute. Pefals yellow, a little longer than the calyx

in the Kew specimens, twice as long in wild ones, spathulate.

Stamens imperfect in the Kew specimen, exserted in the

native ones. Stigmas capitate in the cultivated specimens,

sessile on the two conical tops of the ovary, terminating

slender styles in the wild ones.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Leaf of a rosette ; 2, do. of a flowering stem; 3, flower; 4, ovary

and stamen :—all magnified.

)

Witch dal thik

VinoentBrooks Day &Sonlmp

Tas. 6066. |

CELSTA BETONICA:FOLIA.

Native of N. W. Africa.

Nat. Ord. ScropHuLarIneE#.—Tribe VERBASCER.

Genus Cexsta, Linn. ; (Benth. in DC. Prod., vol. x. p- 244).

CeLsia betonicefolia ; pubescenti-pilosa v. glabra, superne viscoso-puberula,

caule subsimplici, foliis longe petiolatis oblongis elliptico-oblongisve

obtusis integris v. inferioribus basi lyrato-pinnatifidis crenatis venis

impressis, superioribus minoribus sessilibus, summis cordato-amplexi-

caulibus, floribus longiuscule v. longe pedicellatis, sepalis latiusculis in-

tegerrimis serrulatisve, corolle auree extus brunnee lobis rotundatis

supremo 2-partito, staminibus inferioribus glaberrimis, antheris linea-

ribus adnatis, superiorum filamentis brevibus clavatis lanatis.

CeLsta betonicefolia, Desfont. Fl. Atlant., vol. ii. p. 58. Benth. in A. DC.

Prod., vol. x. p. 245. Jacq. Fragment., p. 65, t. 96.

A little-known plant, discovered by Desfontaines in fields

in Algeria, subsequently in Tangiers by Salzmann, and

lastly by myself (in 1839), on the top of a peak in the Island

of St. Jago, one of the Cape de Verd group, a station very

far removed from the above. It is remarkable that it has not

been detected in the Canary Islands. It is closely allied to

the widely distributed C. cretica, L. (Tab. nost. 964), which

ranges from the Canary Islands to the East Indies, differing

in usually less divided leaves and long pedicels of the flowers.

In Marocco two varieties occur, one nearly glabrous, the

other woolly; both are found in the valleys of the Greater

Atlas, ascending to 5000 feet, as also in fields on the plains ;

the lower leaves are sometimes pinnatifid throughout. The

specimen here figured was flowered by Mr. Niven of the

Hull Botanic Gardens, in August last, I believe from seeds

procured by Mr. Maw in Marocco, in 1871.

Descr. Biennial, two to three feet high, glabrous or

sparingly pubescent, glandular above. Stem erect, simple, or

paniculately branched above, terete, rigid. Leaves three to

NOVEMBER Ist, 1873.

six inches long, long-petioled, oblong or elliptic or lanceolate-

oblong, obtuse or subacute, crenate or toothed or doubly

toothed, the lower sometimes lyrate-pinnatifid at the base,

rugose with impressed nerves above; the upper smaller, ses-

sile; uppermost ovate-cordate and semiamplexicaul ; petiole

one to three inches long. Raceme sometimes eighteen inches

long, many-flowered ; pedicels half to one inch long, longer

than the sessile toothed acute bracts. FVowers one inch in

diameter. Sepals broadly ovate, toothed or entire, margins

and apex recurved. Corolla golden yellow, suffused with red-

brown externally, orange-red on the throat ; lobes rounded,

concave, margins crenulate. Sfamen exserted, two lower

declinate, quite glabrous, with narrow adnate anthers; two

upper much shorter, filament clavate densely bearded, anther

like that of the lower stamens, but smaller. Ovary pubescent.

Capsule globose.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower with corolla removed; 2, corolla laid open and stamens ;

3, anther of lower stamen; 4, one of the upper stamens :—all magnified.

Tas. 6067.

ARISTOLOCHIA TRICAUDATA,

Native of Eastern Mexico.

Nat. Ord. ARISTOLOCHIE.

Genus Arisrovocuia, Linn. ; (Duchartre in A. DC. Prod., vol. xv. p. 420).

Anristotocuta (Siphisia) ¢ricaudata ; arborescens, ramis sarmentosis nodoso-

flexuosis articulatis, foliis breviter petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis acutis

supra glabris subtus nervis pilosis, pedunculis axillaribus basi bracteo-

—latis rubris, ovario angusto, perianthii tubo basi subsaccato mox re-

fracto dilatato abrupte recurvo, ore late expanso unilabiato margine

superiore tenuiter recurvo emarginato, inferiore in ligulas 3 longissime

subulatas flexuosas 4-pollicares desinente, gynostemio breviter stipt-

q tato 5-lobo, lobis ovatis erectis, antheris 6 angustis per parla gyno-

: stemii segmentis adnatis.

Anisro.ocnta tricaudata, Duchartre in Lem. Illust. Hortic., vol. xii.; Misc.,

p. 97, et vol. xiv. t, 522.

ouengenslee

Z A native of the forests of Chiapas, in the extreme east of

: Mexico, where it was discovered by Ghiesbreght, an inde-

fatigable explorer, and transmitted by him to M - Verschatielt

of Ghent, by whom it was published, in 1866, with an

: excellent plate in the “ Illustration Horticole. When

F describing it, M. Verschaffelt pays a just tribute to the merits

ei of M. Ghiesbreght, of whom he say, “ No botanist or horti-

culturist is ignorant of the indefatigable zeal of this

collecting botanist, who during the last thirty years has |

explored the hot regions of the American continent, whence

his numerous discoveries have enriched our Garden and

Herbarium with many handsome and interesting plants.

H. tricaudata flowered in the stove at the Royal Gardens

in August last, on a plant received from Mr. Bull o- on

previous year. It is said to recommend itself to the cu “

vator from the negative quality of wanting the “agoeter e

< odour so prevalent amongst its congeners. It re ongs

to the tribe Siphisia, which includes but few species, some

of which are North American, as the well-known A. Sipho of

NOVEMBER Ist, 1873.

our gardens, and the others Indian, as 4. saccat (Tab. nost.

3640) and 4. Thwaitesii (Tab. nost. 4918).

Descr. Arborescent ; - bark grey, cracked ; branches sar-

mentose, jointed, zigzag, remarkably swollen at the nodes;

young parts petioles and nerves of the leaf beneath covered

with a short red tomentum. Leaves five to eight inches, ob-

long, acute or acuminate, rounded and often unequal at the

base, deep green, rugose and glabrous above, with impressed

nerves, pale beneath with much raised pubescent nerves;

petiole one-fourth to one-third of an inch, stout, pubescent.

Flowers solitary, inserted at the nodes; pedicels red, one-

half to three-fourths of an inch, on a very short 2-bracteolate

peduncle. Ovary narrow, purple. Perianth-tube short, pale

and subinflated at the rounded base, suddenly refracted, the

ascending part at once dilating into a concave wide limb,

one and quarter inches in diameter, with an obliquely

truncated much dilated mouth that is contracted to a

triangular throat, forming a fold with a deeply intruded

border ; limb maroon-red outside and very dark purple-brown

inside, upper margin slightly recurved, notched in the middle,

lower split into three diverging long subulate tails four

inches long, of a very dark red-brown colour, half inch broad

at the base. Column short, capitate, 3-lobed, shortly stipi-

tate ; lobes (stigmas) triangular, erect. Anthers six, linear, in

three pairs ; adnate to the face of the lobes.—/. D. H.

Fig. 1, Longitudinal section of perianth-tube, showing the intruded fold:—

of the natural size ; 2, top of column :—magnified.

g San Imp

oks Day&

miimp

neent Bre

ee a aa ;

AC SA ea

Tas, 6068.

CRASSULA SAXIFRAGA.

Native of South Africa.

Nat. Ord. CrassuLACEm.

Genus Crassuta, Linn. ; (Benth. § Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 657).

Crassuta (Tuberosa) Sazxifraga ; glaberrima, radice tuberoso, caule brevi-

usculo simplici v. ramoso, foliis paucis amplis oppositis breviter petio-

latis orbiculatis subreniformibusve coriaceo-carnosis lobulatis, lobulis

crenulatis subtus sanguineis v. viridibus, pedunculis terminalibus

elongatis gracilibus, cymis parvis multifloris corymbosis, sepalis 5 ovatis

dorso infra apicem glandulosis petalis ovato-oblongis acutis ter brevio-

ribus, squamis hypogynis minutis, carpellis oblongis in stylos recto

breviusculos attenuatis.

Crassuta Saxifraga, Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Flor. Cap., vol. ii. p. 357.

For this very singular and brilliantly coloured S. African

plant the Royal Gardens are indebted to Principal MacOwan,

of Gill College, Somerset East, who transmitted tubers of it

from that district, which flowered in June of the present year.

It would seem to have a wide South African distribution, being

found on mountain sides from the extreme south-west, as on

the Muysenberg mountain, near Simon’s bay, to Port Elizabeth

and Albany. It is nearly allied to C. Septas, Thunb., which

is a small plant, with fewer very much larger umbellate long-

pedicelled flowers that have six to nine narrow petals. The

Septas globifera of this Magazine (Tab. nost. 1472), which

Harvey has considered to be a luxuriant garden state of

C. Septas, is much nearer and may be a variety of this, but

has, according to the plate, usually 6-merous flowers, and

smaller leaves, more cuneate at the base. Judging from

dried specimens, Drege’s Septas capensis L. a. 1s C. Sawifraga.

The brilliant red colouring of the under-surface of the leat 1s

not a constant character.

Descr. Whole plant quite glabrous. Root tuberous, as large

as a hazel nut, or even walnut. Stem two to four inches high,

NOVEMBER Ist, 1873.

inclined or erect, as thick as a goose-quill, cylindric, red. Leaves

two to four pairs, two to three inches diameter, opposite, con-

nate by their short broad petioles, very fieshy, flat, horizontal,

slightly concave above, orbicular or subreniform, margin lobu-

late, the lobules crenulate, upper surface bright green with

broad flabellate whitish nerves that are not impressed, under-

surface blood-red, with very faint nerves. Scape terminal, four

to six inches high, slender, strict, erect, with a few subulate

scales, pale-pink. Cyme one to two inches in diameter, many-

flowered, sub-3-chotomously divided; bracts and bracteoles

minute, subulate, pedicels one-eighth to one-third of an inch

Jong. Howers one-fourth of an inch in diameter, very pale flesh-

coloured. Sepals ovate-oblong, green, with a gland at the back

below the tip ofeach. Pedals of the same shape, but three

times larger, subacute, spreading. Authers globose, red-brown.

LHypogynous-scales minute. Carpels ellipsoid, narrowed into

straight short styles.—J/. D. H.

Fig. 1, Margin of leaf; 2, flower; 3, the same, with the corolla removed ;

4, carpels and hypogynous scales :—all magnified,

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6069

SST

Coney

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sa sic 7

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TAB. 6069.

PASSIFLORA (TACSONIA) INSIGNIS,

Native of Peru ?

Nat, Ord. PasstrLoracea,—Tribe PasstrLoree.

Genus Passtriora, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. i. p- 810.)

‘

Passtriora (Tacsonia) insignis; ramulis petiolis pedunculis foliisque subtus

lanatis, foliis ovato-oblongis lanceolatisve acuminatis dentatis basi

subcordatis supra rugosis nitidis, petiolo brevi glanduloso, stipulis

fimbriatis, flore maximo longe pedunculato, bracteis ovato-oblongis

laciniato-serratis concavis, sepalis tubo ter longioribus lineari-oblongis

obtusis dorso carinatis et infra apicem longe calcaratis, petalis paulo bre-

vioribus ecalcaratis, corona externa e filis brevibus 1-seriatis, interna

bulbo basi tubi inclusa membranacea deflexa margine lacera, gynandrio

gracili exannulato, ovario villoso.

Tacsonta insignis, Masters in Gard. Chron., 1878, p. 1112, fig. 239.

I cannot do better than introduce this plant in the words

of Dr. Masters, who when first describing it says, “In so

beautiful a genus as Zacsonia, and mindful especially of the

very beautiful 7! Van-volvemii, it is difficult to find adjectives

at once distinctive and expressive wherewith to describe the

several forms.” Of its history unfortunately too little is

satisfactorily known. A specimen was sent to Dr. Masters by

Mr. Anderson, gardener at Sowerby House, Hull, with the

information that it was raised by him from seed sent, some

years previously, from South America, probably Peru, by

Mr. Yarborough Greame. The ‘specimen figured here was

sent by Mr. Anderson, at the request of Mr. Backhouse

of York, in September last.

7. insignis is without question the finest species of the genus,

whether in foliage or flower, owing to the bright glossy deep

green of the rugose upper surface of the leaf, and the gigantic

size of the flower, the sepals of which are violet crimson,

and the petals of a deeper and redder hue. Dr. Masters

observes that it belongs to the section Poggendorfia of

_ DECEMBER Ist, 1873.

Passifora, characterized by the filamentous corona; its affinity

with 7. Van-voleemii (Tab. 5571), 7. quitensis (Tab. 5876),

T. eriantha (Tab. 5750), and 7 mollissima (Tab. 4187), is

evident ; but in all these the corona is reduced to glands, and

the leaves are lobed.

Descr. A tall woody climber. Young parts, petioles, pe-

duncles and leaves beneath clothed with pale or dark rusty-

brown matted wool. Leaves five to seven inches long, ovate

or oblong or lanceolate-ovate from a cordate base, obscurely

lobed, toothed, upper surface glossy wrinkled ; petiole short,

stout, glandular. Stipules small, pinnatisect. Flowers solitary,

axillary, six fo eight inches diameter ; peduncle very long,

four to six inches; bracts opposite, below the flower, oblong-

ovate, fimbriate-toothed, concave, green, tomentose. Perianth

tomentose externally ; tube two inches long, with a depressed-

globose bulb half to three-quarters inch diameter at the base.

Sepals linear-oblong, obtuse, concave, keeled, violet-crimson,

the keel green and terminating below the rounded apex in a

green spur one inch long. Peas rather shorter than the

sepals and darker crimson, rounded at the tip, nearly flat.

Corona half inch long, of one series of white threads, mottled

with blue; inner corona an inflexed lacerate membrane at

the base of the tube above the bulb. Gynandrium very long,

slender, glabrous. Ovary subglobose, densely lanate. Anther

and stigmas as in its congeners.—/. D. H.

Fig. 1, Vertical section of tube of per:anth ; 2, leaf :—both natural size.

W. Fitch, del et ht

Tas. 6070,

GAULTHERIA rstprpa.

Native of Ecuador and New Grenada.

Nat. Ord. Ericem.—Tribe ANDROMEDEZ,

Genus Gauttnerta, Linn. ; (DC. Prod., vol. vii. p. 592).

GavLTHERIA insipida ; ramulis petiolis foliisque subtus ad nervos sparse

strigoso-pilosis, foliis breviter petiolatis ovatis acuminatis integerrimis

v. serrulatis ciliatis supra glabriusculis subtus nervosis, racemis hispi-

dulis folio brevioribus, bracteis ovatis lanceolatisve pedicello brevioribus,

corolla parva conica glabra, calycis tubo basi 5-lobo lobis triangularibus,

antheris ecalcaratis, fructu albo insipido 5-lobo.

GAULTHERIA insipida, Benth. Plant. Hartweg., 225; Walp. Rep., vol. vi.

p. 415.

G. petrea, Weddell Chlor. Andin., vol. ii. p. 172.

A pretty little half-hardy shrub, of which the old leaves in

autumn assume a most beautiful rich red-brown or claret colour

on the upper surface, and which bears, at the same time, a

profusion of pearl-like white fruits, each with five crimson

spots on the crown, answering to the lobes of the baccate

calyx, which are scarlet in flower. It is apparently a common

plant in the Andes of Ecuador and New Grenada. It was

discovered by Colonel Hall at 7000 feet elevation, near

Camino Real in the valley of Loa. Professor Jameson next

sent it from woods on Pilzhum and Pichincha, at elevations of

9-10,000 feet. Goudot gathered it on the peak of Tolima, to

the westward of Sta. Fe de Bogota, in New Grenada;

Hartweg, near Quito ; and Weddell, in the province of Pasto.

The above localities embrace a range of nearly 800 miles of

the Andes. The fruit is described as eatable, but tasteless.

I am indebted for the specimens here figured to Mr. Isaac _

Anderson Henry, F.L.S., who raised it from seeds sent by _

Professor Jameson upwards of ten years ago, and who has

both flowered and fruited it.

DECEMBER Ist, 18738.

Dxscr. A shrub six to eight feet high, with long slender

sarmentose branches, which, as well as the petioles and leaves

beneath, especially on the nerves and racemes, are sparsely

strigose with rigid bristles. Leaves two to three inches long,

shortly petioled, ovate or oblong-ovate, acuminate, serrulate |

or almost entire, coriaceous, bright green and shining above,

with impressed nerves, paler beneath with very prominent

reticulated nerves; old leaves highly coloured, claret-brown,

rarely deep blood-red; petioles one-quarter inch long.

Racemes axillary, two by eight inches, 8—10-flowered ; rachis

and peduncle hispid ; bracts small shorter than the pedicels,

which are one-quarter inch long, lanceolate, acute, green.

Flowers about one-third inch long, inclined. Calyzx-tube

broad, green, with the base intruded and 5-lobed; teeth

broadly triangular, acute, scarlet. Corolla conical, white ;

teeth small, suberect. Filaments curved, puberulous ;

anthers oblong, not spurred behind, pores oblong, anticous.

Ovary pilose at the top. uit one-third inch in diameter,

subglobose, 5-lobed, white, waxy, fleshy, with 5 crimson

spots on the crown.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, stamen; 3, ovary :—all magnified.

6071

Witch del et lith Vincent Brooks Day& Son mp

Tas. 6071.

ALOE (Apicra) DELTOIDEA.

Native of South Africa.

Nat. Ord. Littacea.—Tribe AGAPANTHE.

Genus Axor, Linn. ; (Endl. Gen. Plant., p. 143).

A oe (Apicra) deltoidea ; robusta, caulescens, foliis $—1-poll. longis quinque-

fariis confertissimis horizontalibus crassis deltoideo-ovatis acuminatis

pungentibus supra planis subtus convexis carinatis marginibus plani-

usculis carinaque superne eroso-serrulatis luride viridibus levissimis,

racemo spiceformi elongato flexuoso multifloro, pedicellis brevissimis,

bracteolis deltoideo-lanceolatis pedicellum superantibus, perianthii erecti

tubo }-pollicari oblongo-cylindraceo virescente lobis brevibus late obo-

vatis sub-2-lobis erosis albis ter longiore, staminibus inequilongis in-

clusis, antheris brevibus, ovario lineari-oblongo, stylo brevicurvo.

This singular succulent belongs to the same section of

Aloe with A. foliolosa (Tab. nost. 1352), wentagona (Tab. nost.

1338), spirella, imbricata (Tab. nost. 1445), spiralis, ete., of

Haworth, which are all closely allied, having 5-fariously

densely imbricating leaves, that clothe the stem throughout,

and terminal racemes of erect flowers, with an oblong tube

and short segments. It differs from the first-named of these

chiefly in size, and in the leaves not being spirally disposed

except on the young shoots, though I should much doubt

this character being of any value. It has long been cul-

tivated in the Royal Gardens, where there 1s no record of

its introduction. The perfect regularity with which the

leaves are superposed in five series, and the columnar stem,

render it a very striking object in the greenhouse. It flowers

in May, and is easily propagated by offshoots from the base

of the stem. : : :

Duscr. Stem strict, erect, wholly clothed with leaves from

the very base upwards, emitting stout cylindric roots, and

surculi from the base; diameter across the leaves two inches.

Leaves three-quarters to one inch long, most densely 5-

DECEMBER Isr, 1873.

fariously imbricate, quite horizontal, deltoid-ovate, acumi-

nate, pungent, deep shining green, quite smooth and glabrous,

upper surface nearly flat, under convex with a slight keel,

margins thick and flattened, the edges of the margin as well

as the keel beyond the middle are minutely serrulate. Raceme

spiciform, a foot ‘long; peduncle and rachis stout, cylindric,

slightly compressed towards the base, light-brown, glaucous,

with two or three scattered ovate-lanceolate bracts. Flowers

Jax, very numerous, erect, one-third inch long, greenish-

_ white ; bracteole deltoid, much exceeding the very short pedi-

cel, appressed to the perianth, greenish-white. Perianth-tube

cylindric-oblong, light green, almost terete ; limb of six short

broad obovate obscurely two-lobed and erose segments.

Stamens included, unequal; anthers shortly oblong. Ovary

subcylindric, style curved.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Back, and 2, front, of a leaf; 3, transverse section of do.; 4, flower

pedicel and bracteole; 5, vertical section of perianth :—all magnified.

? Tas. 6072.

SYRINGODEA PULCHELLA.

Native of South Africa.

Nat. Ord. Taped ie IxIEzx.

Genus novum, SyRINGODEA.

Gen. Cuar.—Perianthium membranaceum, hypocraterim orphum; tubus

gracillimus, elongatus ; limbi lobi 6, equales, patentes, cuneato-spathu-

lati, 2-lobi, incurvi, glaberrimi, Stamina 3, fauci perianthii inserta,

equalia, erecta, filamentis subulatis brevibus; anthere basifixe,

lineari-subulate, obtuse, basi sagittate, flavee. Ovarium lineari-obovoi-

in stigmata 3 papillosa linearia emarginata fissus; ovula in loculis o,

2-seriata. Fructus ....—Herbe montium Africae australis ditione

Greefreinet incola, pusilla, bulbosa ; bulbis ovoideis, squamis brunneis levi-

bus non reticulatis ; fibris radicalibus capillaribus. Folia patentia, fere

capillaria, squamis membranaceis albis basi inclusa, teretia, antice obscure

canaliculata, Spathe 2, hyaline, basi conduplicate, dein lanceolato-

subulate acuminate, perianthiitubo ter breviores. Flores solitarii, breviter

pedicellati, perianthit tubo fere bipollicari pallide rubro, basi spathis oc-

cluso ; limbo 1 poll. diametro, lobis extus purpureis intus pallide-

lilacinis.

After much consideration of the ill-defined genera of the

allies of Jzia and Trichonema, I find myself compelled to create

a new genus of this lovely little plant, which belongs to

Klatt’s tribe of Zxiew, characterized by the two spathes, sepa-

rate equal filaments, and linear*stigmas. From all the genera of

this tribe it differs in the solitary flower and 2-lobed perianth

segments. Zrichonema is its nearest ally in most points, but

has usually a short perianth-tube, or if a long one it is

funnel-shaped, its stamens are inserted within the perianth-

tube, and the stigmas are divided. Galaria has a long

slender tube, but in it the filaments are connate, and the

stigmas are lamellar and multifid. =

Syringodea pulchella is one of Mr. Harry Bolus’ interesting

discoveries, and was found in plains amongst the Sneeuwberg

mountains at an elevation of 4600 feet above the sea,

DECEMBER 1st, 1873.

flowering in April. He sent bulbs to Kew, which flowered

in September of the present year. The name is derived from

svptyywene, fistular, in allusion to the slender perianth-tube.

Descr. Bulbs ovoid, the size of a hazel-nut; scales

- appressed, brown, smooth, not reticulated. Leaves capillary,

spreading, green, two to three inches long, terete, with a

slight groove in front, enclosed at the base in white mem-

branous sheaths one inch long, with a few ragged brown

ones outside. Spathes 2, hyaline, oblong and conduplicate

below, subulate-lanceolate above, about one-third the length

of the perianth-tube. Mowers solitary, the base of the

perianth-tube and ovary immersed in the sheaths, very

shortly pedicelled. Perianth salver-shaped ; tube two inches

long, very slender, terete, not swollen upwards, pale purple ;

limb one inch in diameter, lobes connate-spathulate, 2-lobed,

incurved, dark purple outside, with white edges, lilac within.

Stamens 3, inserted at the mouth of the perianth ; filaments

five, very short, subulate ; anthers yellow linear-subulate from

a sagittate base obtuse at the tip. Ovary one quarter inch

long, narrowly obovoid, 3-celled ; style very long, capillary,

exserted, divided at the summit into three revolute linear

entire stigmas; ovules numerous, 2-seriate in each cell.

Fruit unknown.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Section of apex of leaf; 2, flower, with the perianth segments re-

moved; 3, ovary, style, and stigma; 4, transverse, section of ovary :—all

magnified,

6078.

Vincent Brookes Day & Son, inp.

WEtch dal et ith.

Tas. 6073.

AQUILEGIA LEpTOcERAS VAR. CHRYSANTHA.

_—

Native of New Mexico and Arizona.

Nat. Ord. RanuncuLacex.—Tribe HELLEBORE A.

Genus AquiLeaia, Linn. ; (Benth. § Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol.i. p. 8).

AgquitraiA leptoceras, Nutt. in Journ, Acad. Philadelph., vol. vii. p. 8; Tab.

nost. 4407. ;

Var. riava, A. Gray Plant. Wright, pt. ii. p. 9; elata, 2—4-pedalis, race-

mosa, floribus saturate flavis, sepalis oblongo-lanceolatis, calcaribus 2}-

pollicaribus.—A. chrysantha, A. Gray in Proc. Amer. Acad., ined., and

in Gard. Chron. 1878, p. 1835 and 1501, cum Ie. Xylog., £. 304.

It is with great diffidence that I dissent from my friend

Prof. Gray’s opinion of the specific rank of this Columbine,

which he first regarded as a variety (flava) of the American

A, leptoceras, but more recently distinguishes asa species under

the name of 4. chrysantha. In his remarks uponthe 4. chrysantha,

which he has communicated to the Gardener’s Chronicle, Dr.

Gray relies principally for its distinction upon, 1. The stature ;

2. different geographical range and altitude; 3. its later and

longer period of flowering; 4. its colour; 5. its smaller flowers.

Now as regards the first of these, it appears that 4. leptoceras

is stated to be one to one anda half feet high, and 4. chrysantha

four feet ; but we have dried specimens of the former that must

‘have been at least three feet high (perhaps much more), and

I have found the European J. vulgaris, which in England is

one to two feet high, attaining nearer four feet in the Atlas

Mountains. As regards distribution, 4. /epfoceras ranges

from the head waters of the Columbia to those of the

Colorado, #.e., from 40° to 35° N., and A. chrysantha ranges

from New Mexico to Arizona, 7.e., from 35° to 31° N. As the

altitude of the habitat of Chrysantha is not given, I cannot

compare it with that of Lepéoceras, but would instance as a far

greater extension of distribution in longitude and altitude, the

DECEMBER Ist, 1873.

above mentioned 4. vulgaris, which has a range of upwards of

2000 miles in latitude, namely, from Mid-Norway in lati-

tude 64°, to the Atlas Mountains in latitude 32°, descend-

ing to 4000 feet in the valleys of the latter. Of the period

of flowering I can say nothing; but a comparison of the

figure now given with the Magazine plate of 4. /eptoceras

(Tab. 4407) or with that in the Botany of Beechey’s Voyage

(Tab. 72), under the name of macrantha, shows no appreciable

difference in the size of the flowers, and the spurs are even

longer in dried specimens of 4. /eptoceras. With regard to

colour, though 4. /eptoceras is usually described as only blue

and white, Nuttall, its discoverer, calls it ochroleucous, and

Burke, who collected it in the Snake country, sent specimens

thus coloured. These facts, taken in conjunction with the

known variability of the genus, lead me to adopt Mr. Back-

house’s opinion (appended to Dr. Gray’s description in the

Gardener’s Chronicle), that this is but a form, and not a very

decided one, of the American A. /eptoceras.

There is still a doubt as to the propriety of adopting for

this plant the name of /eptoceras, which was given originally

by Fischer, to what is now known to be a very different one

from Siberia (see Bot. Reg., vol. xxxiii. t. 64), and of which I

have examined indifferent specimens from the St. Petersburg

Garden. In the Flora Indica, published in 1855, Dr. Thom-

son and I have referred this, which has quite short spurs,

to a form of 4. vulgaris, identical with A. pyrenaica, DC., an

opinion which, if accepted, will admit of Jeptoceras being re-

tained for the American plant.

I am indebted to Mr. Backhouse for the specimen here

fragrant.— J. D. H.

INDEX

To Vol. XXIX. of the Tump Serms, or Vol. XCIX. of

the Work.

£t.

6034 Acranthus arachnitis.

6071 Aloe (Apicra) deltoidea.

6017 Alsomitra sarcophylla.

6010 Andryala mogadorensis.

6073 Aquilegia _leptoceras

chrysantha.

6025 Areca pumila.

6023 Arisarum vulgare.

6067 Aristolochia tricaudata.

6022 Arpophyllum spicatum.

6039 Begonia Herbacea.

6015 Bellis rotundiflora, var.

lescens.

6046 Boronia megastigma.

6018 Brachyotum confertum.

6059 Caraguata Zahnii.

6066 Celsia betonicefolia.

60380 Chamedorea Trepejilote.

6052 Cinchona Calisaya, var. Jo-

sephiana.

6020 Cotyledon mamillaris.

6044 Crassula profusa.

6068 Crassula Saxifraga.

6031 Crocus Olivieri.

6036 Crocus Sieberi.

6013 Dendrobium Hookerianum.

6050 Dendrobium lituiflorum.

6016 Elleanthus xanthocomus.

6028 Freycinetia Banksii.

6070 Gaultheria insipida.

6048 Godwinia gigas.

6040 Greyia Sutherlandi.

6053 Hibbertia Baudouinii.

6035 Hypoxis longifolia.

6054 Kempferia rotunda.

6038 Lelia Jonghiana.

6058 Lilium (hybridum) Krameri.

var.

ceru-

Pl,

6041 Linaria heterophylla.

6060 Linaria sagittata.

6043 Meninia turgida.

6012 Merendera Aitchisoni.

6057 Mesembryanthemum

sum.

6009 Mutisia ilicifolia.

6024 Nidularium spectabile.

6029 Odontoglossum tripudians.

intror-

6037 Odontoglossum vexillarium.

6047 Omphalodes Lucile.

6069 Passiflora (‘Tacsonia) insignis.

6061 Pelecyphora aselliformis, var.

concolor.

6064 Pentstemon Palmeri.

6032 Phajus Blumei, var. Bernaysii,

6021 Philodendron rubens.

6056 Philydrum glaberrimum.

6042 Primula _ verticillata,

sinensis.

6045 Rhododendron malayanum.

6011 Rhynchanthera grandiflora.

6062 Rubus deliciosus.

6065 Saxifraga Kotschyi.

var.

6027 Sedum dasyphyllum, var.

glanduliferum.

6055 Sempervivum tectorum, var.

atlanticum.

6063 Senecio (Kleinia) Haworthii.

6051 Silene Hookeri.

6049 Sonerila Bensoni.

6072 Syringodea pulchella.

6014 Vriesia brachystachys.

6033 Xiphion Histrio.

6026 Zamioculcas Boivinii.

6019 Zingiber Parishii.

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