\ CURTIS'S

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE,

anne,

ILLUSTRATING AND DESCRIBING

Plants of the Moval Wotanic Gardens of Kew,

AND OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS;

EDITED BY

SIR DAVID PRAIN, C.M.G., C.LE., LL.D., F.R.S.,

DIRECTOR, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW.

VOL. XIII.

OF THE FOURTH SERIES.

(Or Vol. CXLIII. of the Whole Work.)

For all that nature by her mother-wit

Could frame in earth, and forme of substance base

Was there ; and all that nature did omit,

Art, playing second nature’s part, supplyed it.—SPENSER.

LONDON:

L. REEVE & CO., LTD.,

Publishers to the Home, Colonial, and Indian Governments,

6, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.

1917. @'

[All rights reservel.j

oP?

| RICHARD TWIN LENCE,

INDEX

To Vol. XIII. (1917) of the Fourrs Serres, or Vol. CXLII.

of the whole Work.

8713 Aesculus turbinata.

8692 Amorphophallus Kerrii.

8700 Anguloa Cliftonii.

8728 Aster fuscescens.

8722 Berberis aggregata.

8701 a Stapfiana.

8723 Bulbophyllum lilacinum.

8715 Campanula Ephesia.

8730 Castilleja miniata.

8706 Chirita Trailliana.

8702 Clematis Fargesii, var. Souliei.

8708 Corylopsis Willmottiae.

8694 Cotoneaster salicifolia, var.

rugosa.

8740 Cryptophoranthus Dayanus.

8693 Cytisus albus.

8732 Daphne Giraldii.

8716 Disanthus cercidifolia.

8741 Grevillea oleoides.

8697 Maurandia Purpusii.

8734 Megacarpaea polyandra.

8703 Mesembryanthemum

lansii.

8712 Myrsine africana.

_ 8725 Odontoglossum chiriquense.

8718 " platycheilum.

8719 Oreocharis Forrestii.

8726 Oresitrophe rupifraga.

Pil-

8731 Orthrosanthus

censis.

8699 Pilea Forgeti.

8717 Pinus tuberculata.

8711 Plagiospermum sinense,

forma brachypoda.

8729 Pleione Pricei.

8724 Polygonum Griffithii.

8735 Primula nutans.

8733 Prunus _ subhirtella,

autumnalis.

87108 Pyrola bracteata.

8710a_ ,, __uliginosa.

8695 Quercus densiflora.

8721 Rhododendron Cuffeanum.

chimbora-

var.

8696 i. discolor.

8736 - Fargesii.

8727 - neriiflorum.

8704 Rubus illecebrosus.

8737 Sarchochilus solomonensis.

8707 Saxifraga manshuriensis.

8738 Sechium edule.

8705 Senecio Hectori.

8698 » Monroi.

8720 Sinofranchetia chinensis.

8714 Stauropsis Imthurnii.

8739 Syringa Wilsonii.

$8709 Vanda luzonica,

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Tas. 8692.

AMORPHOPHALLUS Kerrtt.

Siam.

AROIDEAE. Tribe PyTHONIEAE.

AMORPHOPHALLUS, BI.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 970.

Amorphophallus Kerrii, N. E. Brown in Kew Bulletin, 1912, p. 43; affinis

A. corrugato, N. E. Br. sed petiolo albido-viridi-maculato, ovariis viridibus

stylis brevioribus et appendice levi differt.

Herba tuberosa perennis. Foliwm solitarium, erectum, glabrum; petiolus

1 m, longus, viridis albido-viridi-maculatus ; lamina trisecta, ramis semel

fureatis pinnatisectis; segmenta inferiora 5-10 em. longa, 8-5°5 em. lata,

elliptica vel lanceolata ; segmenta ultima 15-25¢cm. longa, 5°5-7°5 cm.

lata, lanceolata, acuta vel acuminata, basi in alam 0°4-2 em. latam

decurrentia. Pedunculus 25 cm. (vel ultra?) longus, 1 cm. crassus, atro-

viridis vel olivaceo-brunnevs, ocellis albido-viridibus maculatus. Spatha

erecta, 15-18 cm. longa, 5-6 cm. lata, lanceolata, concava apice leviter

procurva, acuta, basi breviter convoluta marginibus haud undulatis,

viridis, extra ocellis albido-viridibus maculata. Spadix spatha multo

brevior, stipitata; pars feminea 1°5-2°5 cm. longa, 1°5 cm. crassa,

cylindracea, viridis ; pars mascule, 1°5-2°5 em. longa, 1'2-2°5 em. crassa,

cylindracea vel ellipsoidea, alba ; appendix 3-8-5 cm. longa, 1°6-2°5 em.

crassa, subcylindrica vel obtuse trigono-ovoidea, levis, lacteo-alba vel

pallide luteo-viridis. Baccae 1‘5 em. longae, 1 em. crassae, ellipsoideae,

ceneruleae.—N. E. Br “wn.

The handsome Amorphophallus here figured is one of

several species of the genus obtained by Dr. A. F. G.

Kerr in the Chiengmai district, Siam, tubers of which

were forwarded by him to Professor H. H. Dixon for

cultivation in the Botanic Garden of Trinity College,

Dublin. The present species, one of the most striking,

flowered there in March in the years 1910, 1911 and 1912

and ripened fruits in July, 1915; as is not unusual in the

genus, the leaves appear after the flowers. For the fresh

material at its various stages utilised in preparing our plate

we are indebted to Professor Dixon. Mr. S. G. Wild,

whose enthusiasm is so well known, and to whom the care

of the tubers was intrusted, informsus that A. Kerriiis best

grown in a compost consisting of two parts good loam

with one part each of leafsoil, peat andsand. It requires

ample pot-room, a genial atmosphere and a temperature

Gaxwary, 1917,

ranging from 65° to 70° F. during the growing season.

Corms potted at the beginning of March flower in April

and May, when adequate water should be supplied till

about the end of September, an occasional application

of liquid cow manure being beneficial. After September

the pots may be stored in heated frames with a minimum

temperature of about 45° F., and should be kept quite

dry. The corms are readily increased by offsets, and if

one is fortunate enough to fertilize the flowers, seeds may

be obtained which, if sown as soon as ripe, produce new

corms which should flower about their third season.

Description.—Herb, perennial, tuberous. Leaf solitary, erect, glabrous ;

oe over 3 ft. long, green, blotched with greenish-white; lamina 8-sect, the

ranches once forked, and pinnatisect ; lower segments 2-4 in. long, 1}—2} in,

wide, elliptic or lanceolate; terminal segments 6-10 in. long, 24-3 in. wide,

lanceolate, acute or acuminate, decurrent below in a wing 3-3 in. wide.

Peduncle 10 in. long or ‘perhaps in wild plants taller, over } in. thick, dark

green or.olive-brown with greenish-white blotches. Spathe erect, 6-9 in. long,

2-23 in. wide, lanceolate, concave, slightly curved forward at the tip, acute,

slightly convolute at the base, margins even, green, outside with greenish-

white blotches. Spadia# stipitate, much shorter than the spathe; female

portion 4-1 in. long, 2 in. thick, cylindric, green; male portion 2-1 in. long,

4-3 in. thick or rather thicker, cylindric or ellipsoid, white; appendix 1}-13 in.

long, 3-1 in. thick, subcylindric or bluntly trigonous-ovoid, smooth, milky-

white or pale yellowish-green. Berries 2 in. long, over } in. thick, ellipsoid, blue.

Tas. 8692.—Fig. 1, flowering spadix; 2, male flowers; 3, female flowers;

4, ovary in vertical section, with ovules; 5, sketch of an entire plant :— all

enlarged except 1, which is of natural size, and 5, which is much reduced.

tise a oak ceca RMAC ti lah ean ea mR tt

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CYTISUS asus.

Spain and Portugal.

Leauminosak. Tribe GENISTEAE.

Cytisus, Linn; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 484.

Cytisus albus, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. vol. ii. p. 241; DC. Prodr. vol. ii.

p. 153; Loud. Arboret. pars iii. p. 589, fig. 282; Spach in Ann, Sc. Nat.

Bme sér. vol. iii. p. 152; G. Don, Gen. Syst. vol. iii. p. 154; Willk. et

Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hisp. vol. iii. p. 457 ; C. Schneider, Handb. Laubholzk.

vol. ii. pS: Bean, Trees & Shrubs, vol. i. p. 457: nec C. albus, Haquet,

stirps baleanica melius monente Briquet pro subspecie C. supini, Linn.,

habenda ; species C. purganti, Benth., et C. acutangulo, Jaub. et Spach,

affinis, ab illo floribus albis nee luteis, ab hoe foliolis pro ratione angustis,

ab utroque habitu graciliore, ramis elongatis foliis inferioribus 3-foliolatis

nec omnibus 1-foliolatis differt.

Frutex erectus ad 2 m. altus, admodum ramosus ramis multicostatis primo

argenteo-sericeis mox glabrescentibus. Folia inferiora 8-foliolata, petiolo

6-8 mm. longo suffulta, superiora 1-foliolata, petiolata vel subsessilia ;

foliola lineari-lanceolata vel anguste oblonga, in planta culta ad 12 mm.

longa, 4 mm. lata, in spontanea minora et pro ratione angustiora,

argenteo-sericea ; stipulae 0. lores copiosissime secundum ramos virgatos

dispositi, solitarii vel 2-3-ni ex axillis foliorum ; pedicelli graciles, 4-5 mm.

longi. Calyx persistens, breviter campanulatus, parce pilosiusculus,

labiis aequilongis brevibus denticulatis. Corolla alba vel in prole quadam

culta roseo-tincta, petalis aequilongis ad 1 em. longis. Legwmen sub-

oblique lineari-oblongum, 2°5-3°5 cm. longum, 6-8 mm. latum, adpresse

sericeo-hirsutum.—C. multiflorus, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 1, p. 112;

Briquet, Etud. Cytis. p. 154; Aschers. & Graebn. Syn. Mitteleurop. Fl.

vol. vi. Abteil. ii. p. 800. C. lwsitanicus, Quer apud Willk. Prodr. Fl.

Hisp. Suppl. p. 256; Lazaro, Compend. Fl. Esp. vol. ii. p. 227; Coutinho,

Fl. Portug. p. 427. Genista alba, Lamk, Encyc. Meth. vol. ii. p. 622.

G. multiflora, Nouv. Duham. vol. ii. p. 76, t. 238. Spartium multiflorum,

Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, vol. iii. p.21; Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. iii. p. 930 et Enum.

Hort. Berol. vol. ii. p. 744; Ait. fil. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, vol. iv. p. 256.

S. multiflorum incarnatwm, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1052, S. dispermum,

Moench, Meth. p. 180; Willk. in Ust. Mag. vol. iv. pars xi. p. 35, t. 2.

S. album, Desf. Fl. Atlant. vol. ii. p. 182. Spartothamnus albus, Presl,

Bot. Bemerk. p. 138. Sarothamnus parviflorus, Willk. et Cut. ex Willk.

in Linnaea, vol. xxx. p. 95. Spartocytisus albus, C. Koch, Dendrol. vol. i.

p. 31.—O. Srapr.

The Portugal White Broom, here figured, a native of

northern and central Spain and Portugal, has had a

somewhat chequered cultural history. Whether it be,

as Lamarck and others have thought, the Genista alba

aRy, 1917, ee te Fo re

figured by Tabernaemontanus in 1588, seems open to

doubt ; L’Escluse, whose Spanish notes were published

in 1576, does not allude to the species, and Tabernaemon-

tanus has not recorded the native habit of his plant.

Tournefort, who met with this broom in Portugal in

1688, named it Cytisus lusitanicus foliis minimis argenteis

parvo flore albo, and sent a specimen to Bobart, who iden-

tified both it and some specimens of Retama monosperma,

Boiss., with the Genista alba of Tabernaemontanus. The

specimen given by Tournefort to Bobart is still in the

Morison herbarium at Oxford, but that the plant had

not been introduced to English gardens in 1699 when

Bobart wrote, seems clear from the fact that there is no

reference to it in the works of Ray. The earliest record

of its cultivation in this country occurs in the third, or

1739, edition of Miller’s Dictionary, where, as well as in the

three subsequent issues of that work, it is given as the

Portugal Base-Tree-Trefoil ; in the second edition of the

Hortus Kewensis, the younger Aiton, in 1812, refers to

the circumstance that it was grown by Miller as recently

as in 1752. Shortly thereafter the plant would seem to

have been lost to English gardens; it is not included in

the seventh edition of 1759, or in any later issue of

Miller’s work; moreover, the elder Aiton, in the first

edition of the Hortus Kewensis, in 1789, treated it as

-a new Spartium, S. multiflorum, which he termed the

Portugal White Broom, introduced to. this country by

Mr. James Gordon about 1770. Since this second intro-

duction the plant has persisted in our collections ; indeed,

in 1812, a third introduction took place, this time of a

form which is, however, but an unstable colour-variant,

in which the flowers are flushed with pink. According

to Loddiges, this form with incarnate blossoms was

raised from seeds by Thomson at Mill-end; Loddiges,

however, adds that “it may be increased by seeds which

are perfected in abundance, but the produce are not all

pink-flowered.” Indeed, as our illustration shows, sprays

with white flowers and others with the petals tinged with

pink may at times be present on the same plant. That

the Portugal White Broom is, as Tournefort had decided,

a Cytisus, is not open to doubt, and Willkomm has stated

that Quer, who accepted this view, actually named it

C. lusitanicus in conformity with Linnean principles. In

the supplement to his Spanish flora Willkomm has

accordingly adopted this obviously apposite name, and

in this he has been followed by recent Spanish and

Portuguese authors. Willkomm, however, has not cited

the passage in which the name C. lusitanicus, Quer,

occurs ; the name is not employed in the Flora Espanola

published by Quer in 1762 and completed by Ortega in

1784. In 1789 Lamarck, adopting the view of Bobart, .

treated this broom as a Genista, so that the name G. alba,

Lamk, is the earliest verifiable one applied in conformity

with modern usage. Unfortunately, long before Link,

in 1822, retransferred the species to Cytisus, another

C. albus, from south-eastern Europe, had in 1790 been

duly described by Haquet. Meanwhile the elder Aiton,

in 1789, had placed the Portugal White Broom in

Spartium, as S. multiflorum; so that when Sweet, in

1826, corrected this error the species was transferred to

Cytisus as C. multiflorus. In order to avoid the con-

fusion created by the fact that the name C. albus had

been used for two different brooms from south-eastern

and south-western Europe respectively, recent writers,

following Briquet, who has monographed the genus

Cytisus with singular care, have feit constrained to

employ for the Portugal White Broom the name C.

multiflorus, Sweet, rather than the name C. albus, Link.

In his monograph of the genus, however, Briquet has

indicated that the plant described by Haquet, for which

in 1803 Waldstein and Kitaibel proposed the name

C. leucanthus, under which it was figured at t. 1438 of

this work, is better treated as referable to C. supinus,

Linn. So long, therefore, as the validity of the name

C. lusitanicus, Quer, employed by Willkomm in 1893,

remains doubtful, it is possible to follow Schneider in

retaining for the Portugal White Broom the name

C. albus under which, since the time of G. Don and

Loudon, ‘it has been familiarly known in English

gardens. Among the cultivated brooms C. albus is .dis-

tinct and valuable in being the only really hardy species

with white flowers. ° Others with flowers of a similar

- shade are more or less tender; C. albus, even in very

hard weather, remains unscathed, or at most only suffers

an occasional cutting back of the young succulent

growths. Planted in broad masses at Kew, where it has

been in continuous cultivation since the time of the elder

Aiton, it gives charming effects when in bloom in May.

It does not need a rich soil, and as it ripens seed in

abundance it is easily increased. The material for our

plate was derived from a plant in the collection at Kew,

with mixed white and pink-flushed flowers.

Descriprion.—Shrub, of upright habit, 5-7 ft. high, moderately branched,

the branches striate, at first silvery-silky, soon becoming glabrous. Leaves

low down 3-foliolate, with petiole 1-1 in. long, those higher up 1-foliolate, short-

petioled or nearly sessile; leaflets linear-lanceolate or narrow oblong, in

cultivated plants up to 4 in. long, } in. wide, in wild plants smaller and

proportionately narrower, silvery-silky ; stipules 0. Flowers profusely arranged

along the virgate branches, solitary or in twos or threes to each leaf-axil ;

pedicels slender, }-Lin. long. Calyz persistent, shortly campanulate, sparingly

hairy, the lips short, denticulate, of about the same length. Corolla white or

in one cultivated race flushed with rose; petals of about the same length, up to

-$in. long. Pod somewhat obliquely linear-oblong, 1-12 in. long, 4-} in. wide,

adpressed silky,

Tas. 8693.—Fig. 1, part of a leaf; 2, a flower, the petals removed; 3, calyx,

laid open, with pistil; 4, standard; 5, wing; 6, keel :—all enlarged.

‘,

S694

Vincent | rooks,Day % Son Lad imp

Tas. 8694.

COTONEASTER SALICIFOLIA, var. RUGOSA.

Central China.

Rosackak, Tribe PomEAR.

Cotoneaster, Medik; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 627.

Cotoneaster salicifolia, Franch. in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, vol. viii.

p. 225 (1886); var. rugosa, Rehd. et Wils. in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. vol. i.

p- 172 (1912); Bean, Trees d Shrubs, vol. i. p. 414 (1914); a planta

typica foliis latioribus colore hebetioribus subtus novellisque indumento

. densiore magis lanuginoso indutis. .

_Frutex decorus, 2-3-metralis, ramis patentibus, ramulis gracilibus primum

indumento deciduo lanuginoso pallide brunneo dense obtectis, demum

glabris cortice rubescente insignibus. J'olia rigide coriacea, persistentia,

ovata vel subobovata, acuta, basi cuneata, margine integra, 4-7'5 cm.

longa, 1:2-4 cm. lata, supra rugosa, glabrescentia, saturate viridia, subtus

primum dense lanuginosa, demum albo-cinerea costa nervisque lanuginosis

exceptis glabrescentia; nervi utrinsecus 9-11, supra impressi; petiolus

2-6 mm. longus, lanuginosus. Corymbi 2°5-5 cm. lati, ramulos

2-4-foliatos terminantes. Flores sordide albi, aestivales, 6 mm. lati.

Calyx lanuginosus, infundibularis, 5-lobus ; lobi breve triangulares, erecti,

acuti. Petala 5, suborbicularia. Stamina circiter 20; antherae rubes-

centes. Fructus globosus vel subovoideus, 6 mm. lattis, laete corallinus ;

pyrenae 2, compresso-hemisphaericae, dorso suleatae.—C. rugosa, E. Pritzel

in Bot. Jahrb. vol. xxix. p. 385 (1900) ; Schneider in Ill. Handb. Laubh

vol. i. p. 758 (1906).—W. J. Bean.

This variety of Cotoneaster salicifolia was discovered by

Mr. E. H. Wilson on the mountains of Western Hupeh

at altitudes of 5,000 to 6,000 feet both to the north and

south of Ichang. From seed collected by him in October,

1907, and received at Kew through the agency of the

Arnold Arboretum the following spring, the plant now

figured was raised. Since its introduction the winters

have been mild and it has proved evergreen, but it is

possible that, as with some other ordinarily evergreen

Cotoneasters, its foliage may prove deciduous in our

hard winters. It likes a sunny position and a loamy

_ soil, and being very amenable to cultivation promises to

_ develop into one of the finest members of the genus in

gardens. It is easily increased by seed or by cuttings. —

January, 1917.

From the typical C. salicifolia, which we are not certain

is at present in cultivation, the variety now figured

differs in the leaves being broader ard duller green, and

in their lower surface as well as the young branchlets

being covered with a coarser, more woolly pubescence.

Another variety, C. salicifolia var. floccosa, Rehd. et Wils.,

is cultivated at Kew, and is well distinguished by its

narrower leaves and three-stoned fruits. The nearest

ally of C. salicifolia- is C. Henryana, Rehd. et Wils., also

from Western Hupeh ; this differs by its ovoid fruits and

larger leaves pubescent on both surfaces.

Description.— Shrub up to 10 ft. high of graceful habit, branches spreading.

Branchlets slender, at first clothed densely with a pale brown wool, most of

which falls away by autumn exposing the handsome, dark reddish-brown bark,

Leaves stiff and coriaceous, persistent, oval to slightly obovate, acute, cuneate

at the base, entire, 13-3 in. long by 3-14 in. wide; dark dull green, rugose and

glabrescent above; at first wholly lanuginose beneath, ultimately greyish-

white, with wool on the midrib and veins only; veins in nine to eleven pairs,

deeply impressed above ; petiole »,-1 in. long, lanuginose. Corymbs 1-2 in. —

wide, terminal on 2-4-leaved branchlets. Flowers dullish white, opening

in June, } in. wide. Calyx woolly, funnel-shaped, with five short, erect,

acute, triangular lobes. Petals five, rotund. Stamens about twenty; anthers

brownish-red. Fruit globose to slightly ovoid, } in. wide, bright coral red;

stones 2, compressed-hemispherical, grooved on the dorsal side.

Tas. 8694.—Fig. 1, flower bud ; 2, flower ; 8, calyx in vertical section, showing

the pistil; 4 and 5, stamens :—all enlarged,

si Uh she

Se . r

Tas. 8695.

QUERCUS DENSIFLORA.

North America.

CUPULIFERAE. Tribe QUERCINEAE.

» Quercus, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen Plant. vol. iii. p. 407.

Quercus densiflora, Hook. ¢ Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 891; Hook. Ic. Plant.

t. 380; Nuttall, Sylva, vol. i. p. 11, t. 5; DC. Prodr. vol. xvi. pars ii. p. 82;

Bolander in Proc. Calif. Acad. vol. iii. p. 231; Engelmann in Trans. St.

Louis Acad. vol. iii. p. 880;. Brewer & Watson, Bot. Caltf. vol. ii. p. 995

Kellogg, Forest Trees Calif. p. 69; Sargent, Rep. Forests N. Amer. p. 155;

Greene, Ill. West Amer. Oaks, p. 41, t. 283; Mayr, Wald. Nordamer.

. 263, tt. 2&5; Garden ¢ Forest, vol. v. p. 517, fig. 89; Sargent, Silva

_N. Amer. vol. viii. p. 183, t. 488 ; Elwes ¢ Henry, Trees of Great Brit. &

Ireland, vol. v. p. 1331; species americana sectionis Pasaniae unica,

amentis erectis vel adscendentibus densifloris interdum androgynis, antheris

minimis, cupula breviter poculiforme squamis longis linearibus patentibus

vel recurvis tecta.

Arbor saepe 15-25 m. alta interdum ad 30 m. alta, trunco ad 1 m. raro ad

1:75 m. diametro ; rami adscendentes vel patentes, ramulis primo fulvo-

tomentosis demum atrobrunneis et glaucescentibus. Folia sempervirentia,

oblonga, oblongo-obovata vel late lanceolata, apice acuta, subacuta vel

breviter acuminata, interdum rotundata, basi plus minusve rotundata, .

interdum cuneata, raro leviter cordata, serrata vel serrulata, interdum

repanda vel integerrima, 5-12 cm. longa, 2-7 cm. lata, coriacea, leviter

rugosa, margine incrassata et revoluta, primo dense fulvo-stellato-tomentosa,

maturitate supra glabra et nitida vel parce stellato-tomentosa, demum

utrinque glabrescentia, infra interdum glaucescentia, costa et nervis

peng infra prominentibus; petiolus crassus, tomentosus, 0°5-1°8 cm.

ongus ; stipulae oblongo-obovatae vel lineari-lanceolatae, brunneae, scario-

sae, pilosae. Amenta ex axillis foliorum hornotinorum orta, erecta vel

adscendentia, densiflora, tomentosa, omnino mascula vel superiora basi flores

femineos paucos gerentia, 5-10 cm. longa. Flores masculi in fasciculis

3-floris aggregati, ex axillis bractearum ovatarum orti. Perianthiwm

tomentosum, 5-6-lobatum ; lobi ovato-elliptici vel subtriangulares, obtusi —

vel subacuti. Stamina saepe 10-12; filamenta gracillima, perianthio

multo longiora; antherae subglobosae, minimae. Ovarit rudimentum

yilosum. Flores feminei solitarii, in axillis bractearum acutarum. Peri-

cntvium 6-lobatum, lobis rotundatis. Stamina 6, antheris sterilibus.

Sty 8, raro plures, elongati, teretes, leviter recurvi, basi hirsuti.

Fructus solitarii vel 2-8. Pedunculus crassus, tomentosus, ad 2°5 cm.

longus. Cupula breviter poculiformis, 1°5-2 cm. lata, intus dense rufo-

velutina, extra squamis longis linearibus patentibus vel recurvis sericeis

tecta. Glans subovoidea vel subglobosa, apice acuta vel rotundata, basi

lata, 2-3 cm. longa, 2-2°5 cm. lata, dense flavo-tomentosa, demum

glabra; pericarpium lignosum, crassum.—Q. echinacea, Torrey, Pacific

R. RB. Rep. vol. iy. pt. 1, p. 187, t.14. Pasania densiflora, Orsted, Vidensk.

_ Medd. Kjébenh. 1866, p. 83; Sargent, Trees N. Amer. p. 225, fig. 185;

_ Jepson, Fl. Calif. 362, et Silva Calif. p. 235, tt. 7 & 73.—S. A. SKAN.

Quercus densiflora was first discovered by David

Douglas. His specimen in the Kew Herbarium is not

precisely localised, but according to Hooker and Arnott it

was in the Californian collection made by Douglas chiefly

at Monterey and San Francisco. From Professor Sargent

we learn that the species is distributed from the valley

of the Umpqua River in Southern Oregon southward

through coast ranges to the Santa Inez Mountains, east

of Santa Barbara, California, and along the western

slopes of the Sierra Nevada to Mariposa County. In

the Sierra Nevada it ascends to an elevation of 4,000

feet above sea-level. It is exceedingly abundant in the

humid Californian coast region north of San Francisco

Bay, and attains its largest size in the Redwood forests

oi Napa and Mendocino Counties. The Species is very

variab‘e in habit and in its leaves, sometimes occurring

as a low spreading shrub only 1 to 10 ft. high, with small

entire leaves. This has been distinguished as var.

echinoides, Sargent (= var. montana, Mayr = Q. echinoides,

R. Br., Campst.). Pasania densiflora, forma lanceolata,

Jepson, Silva Calif. 237, has lanceolate entire or nearly

, entire leaves 24-33 in. long.

The wood of this oak, though hard and strong, is

brittle and is of little value except for fuel, but its bark

is very rich in tannin and is used in enormous quantities

for tanning leather. Professor Jepson states that in

1907 the annual tan harvest was about 25,000 cords, and

to obtain this amount 100,000 trees were sacrificed every

year, most of them being left in the forest to decay or

to be consumed in the first forest fire. Best known as

the Tan Oak, it is sometimes called Burr Oak and often.

Chestnut Oak, and locally Squaw Oak and Sovereign

Oak. The species is of great interest as being the

solitary representative in the New World of the section

Pasania, often regarded as a genus distinct from Quercus,

which comprises about 100 species nearly all of which are

confined to South-eastern Asia. Its dense erect or sub-

erect catkins, resembling those of Castanea, small anthers

with pollen-grains much smaller than in Quercus proper,

and woody thick pericarp are salient characters by which

it ae easily be distinguished from all other American

Oaks,

Notwithstanding the unusual interest of this tree it is

one of the rarest of cultivated oaks. Two trees at Kew,

if we except some young plants recently raised, appear

to be the sole representatives of Q. densiflora in this

country. From the larger of these material for our

figure was obtained. This tree was raised from a packet

of acorns received from Professor Sargent in 1874, and is

growing in the Oak Collection near the southern end of

the Rhododendron Dell. In some respects Q. densiflora

is the most attractive of all the hardy evergreen oaks.

The young leaves are covered on the lower surface with

a thick tomentum which is at first milk-white, becoming

tawny with age. The stout parallel ribs are also very

distinctive. The tree is very leafy, almost luxuriant in

aspect, yet it is slow-growing, and the larger of the two

specimens at Kew, now over forty years old, is only

274 feet high, its trunk at 3 feet from the ground being >

21 feet in girth. In July, 1897, this tree was 14 feet high

and 7 inches in girth. Like all oaks, Q. densiflora likes

a good loamy soil. It transplants extremely badly—a

fact which may help to account for its rarity. It is

safest to grow it in pots until it is large enough to plant

out in a permanent place, which should be done as soon

as possible. Care must also be taken that its roots do

not become pot-bound. Its leaves persist for three or

four years, and its fruits ripen at the end of the second

year. These, however, cannot be relied on in this

country for propagation. -It must be raised in the first

instance from imported seeds.

__ Descriprion.— Tree, often 50-80 {t., sometimes 100 ft. high, trunk usually

34 ft., occasionally 5 ft. thick; branches ascending or spreading ; twigs at first

tawny tomentose, at length dark brown and glaucescent. Leaves evergreen,

oblong, oblong-obovate or broadly lanceolate, acute, subacute or shortly

acuminate, sometimes rounded, base more or less rounded, sometimes cuneate,

rarely shallowly cordate, margin serrate or serrulate, sometimes repand or quite

entire, 2-5 in. long, 3-23 in. wide, coriaceous, slightly rugose, the edges

thickened and revolute, at first densely clothed with tawny stellate hairs, when

mature glabrous and shining or sparingly stellate-tomentose above, at length

nearly glabrous on both surfaces, beneath occasionally somewhat glaucescent,

the mid-rib and main nerves prominent beneath; potiole stout, tomentose,

2-3 in. long; stipules oblong-obovate or linear-lanceolate, brown, scarious,

pilose. Catkins leans in the axils of leaves of the current season, erect or

ascending, dense-ftowered, tomentose, either wholly male or with the upper-

most bearing a few basal female flowers, 2-4 in. long. Male flowers clustered

in groups of 3, in the axils of ovate bracts. Perianth tomentose, 5-6-lobed, the

lobes ovate-elliptic or nearly triangular, obtuse or somewhat acute. Stamens

often 10-12; filaments very slender, much exceeding the perianth; anthers

subglobose, very small. Rudimentary ovary pilose. Female flowers solitary,

in the axils of acute bracts. Perianth 6-lobed, the lobes rounded. Stamens 6,

their anthers sterile. Styles 3, rarely more, elongated, terete, slightly recurved,

hirsute at the base. Fruits solitary, or 2-8 together. Peduncle stout, tomen-

tose, up to 1 in. long. Cwpule shortly goblet-shaped, 2-2 in. wide, within

densely red velvety, clothed outside with long linear spreading or recurved silky

scales. Acorn subovoid or subglobose, tip acute or rounded, base broad, 3-1}

in. long, $-1 in. across, densely yellow tomentose, at length glabrous; shell

woody, thick.

Tas. 8695.—Fig. 1, male flowers; 2, female flowers; 3, section of a female

flower, showing the sterile stamens; 4, young fruit; 5, mature fruit :—all

enlarged except 4 and 5, which are of natural size. :

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RHODODENDRON pIscoLor.

Western China.

ERIcAcEAE. Tribe RHODOREAE.

RHopopENDRON, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron (§ Eurhododendron) discolor, Franch. in Journ. de Bot.

vol. ix. p. 891 (1895); Hemslf et E. H. Wils. in Kew Bull. 1910, p. 112;

Rehder et Wils. in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. vol. i. p. 542; Bean, Trees

é Shrubs, vol. ii. p. 853; species foliis magnis eglandulosis, floribus

a speciosissimis, filamentis glabris, ovario styloque ubique glandulosis

istincta.

Frutex robustus, usque ad 2 m. altus; ramuli ultimi teretes, apicem versus

circiter 1-5 cm. crassi, glabri, leviter nitidi.. Folia magna elongato-elliptica

vel oblongo-elliptica, utrinque obtusa apice mucronata, 15-30 cm. longa,

6-8 cm. lata, tenuiter coriacea, supra fusco-viridia et immerso-reticulata,

infra eglandulosa, cinerea et conspicue tenuiter reticulata, areis reti

venularum circumclusis leviter elevatis; costa supra plana, infra basin

versus valde conspicua, circiter 5 mm. lata, apicem versus sensim

attenuata; nervi laterales utrinsecus 15-18, graciles, flexuosi, supra

immersi, infra vix prominuli, marginem versus valde ramosi; petioli

robusti, 2-3 cm. longi, supra plani, 6-7 mm. lati, glabri. Gemmae laterales

(foliiferae) saepius plures, subcylindricae, 6-7 cm. longae, medio circiter

1-5 cm. diametro; squamae ab extremo sensim longiores, exteriores late

ovatae, acutae, circiter 1 cm. longae, minutissime ciliolatae, interiores

elongato-oblanceolatae, acutae, 5-6 cm. longae, 1-1°3 cm. latae, tenuiter

chartaceae, ciliolatae, utrinque glabrae. Inflorescentia terminalis, magna,

8-10-flora, 20-25 cm. expansa; axis 2°5-3 cm. longus, glaber; pedicelli

demum subnutantes, 2°5-8 cm. longi, glabri. Calyx obsoletus, undulatus,

margine glandulis sessilibus ornatus, extra glaber. Corolla alba, late

infundibuliformis, limbo usque ad 12cm. expanso; tubus a basi sensim

ampliatus, 3°5 em. longus, apice circiter 4 cm. diametro, striatus, glaber ;

lobi 6-7 oblongo-semicrbiculares, apice rotundati et leviter emarginati,

3-4 cm. longi, 3 cm. lati. Stamina plerumque 14, subaequalia, leviter

exserta; filamenta inferne complanata, glabra; antherae pallide fiavae,

4°5 mm. longae. Ovariuwm 8-loculare, stipitato-glandulosum ; stylus longe

exsertus, ubique glandulis sessilibus ornatus, stigmate magno capitato-

indusiformi coronatus.—J. HuTcHinson.

The fine Rhododendron here figured is a native of

western Hupeh, where, according to Mr. E. H. Wilson,

to whose efforts its introduction is due, it is the common

species of wocds up to an elevation of 8,000 feet. It is

s readily recognised, in the group with glabrous leaves to

which it belongs, by its large white flowers with glabrous

Feprvary, 1917,

nee

filaments and rather densely glandular style. In beauty

and fragrance it is equal to any of its immediate allies,

and is further readily distinguished from these by

the valuable cultural character of being the latest in its

group to flower. As compared with the related /’. Mor-

tunei, Lindl., figured at t. 5596 cf this work, which

flowers in May, &. discolor dces not come into blossom

until the middle of June, a season when few Rhododen-

drons of either wild or garden origin are to be found in

bloom. Our plant also possesses another character

valuable in this country, in being late of starting into

growth; with the exception of &. auriculatum, Hemsl.,

from Central China, it is probably the latest. This

renders it free from the danger of late frosts; so far as

ordinary winter cold is concerned it is also perfectly

hardy. The plant which provided the material for our

plate was raised at Kew from seed collected by Wilson

in autumn in 1908, received from the Arnold Arboretum

early in 1909. —

Description.— Shrub of robust habit, 6-8 feet high ; terminal twigs cylindric,

about % in. thick near the tips, glabrous, somewhat polished. Leaves large,

elongate- or oblong-elliptic, obtuse with a mucronate tip, base rounded, 6-12

in. long, 23-3} in. wide, thinly leathery, above tawny-green with impressed

nervation, beneath without glands, ashy grey, distinctly finely reticulated and

with the spaces enclosed within the reticulations slightly raised ; midrib flat

above, very visible towards the base beneath and there nearly 1 in. wide,

gradually narrowed upwards; lateral nerves 15-18 along each side, slender,

sunk above and rather indistinct beneath, much branched towards the leat-

margin; petiole stout, 3-1} in. long, flat above, about } in. thick, glabrous.

Flower-buds lateral, often several together, subcylindric, about 8 in. long, 2 in.

wide ; scales gradually longer from without inwards, the outermost wide ovate,

acute, about } in. long, finely ciliolate, the inmost elongate-oblanceolate, acute,

¢

2-2} in. long, up to 4 in. wide, thinly papery, ciliolate on the edges, glabrous —

on both sides. Inflorescence terminal, large, 8-10-flowered, 8-10 in. across ;

axis 1-1} in. long, glabrous; pedicels at length nodding, 1-1} in. long, glabrous.

Calyx obsolete, undulate, with sessile marginal glands, glabrous outside:

Corolla white, wide funnel-shaped, limb up to 4% in. across, tube gradually

widened from the base, 14 in. long, about 1% in. wide at the top, striate,

glabrous ; lobes 6-7, oblong-orbicular, slightly emarginate, 13-1}? in. long,

1} in. wide. Stamens usually 14, subequal, slightly exserted; filaments

flattened below, glabrous ; anthers pale yellow, 2-4 tn Sn. Ovary 8-celled,

beset with stalked glands. Style far-exserted, clothed throughout with sessile

glands ; stigma large, mantle-like, capitate.

Tas. 8696.—Fig. 1, tip of leaf; 2, calyx and pasa i sade. stamens ;

5, section of ovary :—all enlarged, ie ee ee

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MAURANDIA Porpvst.

Mexico.

SCROPHULARIACEAE, ‘Tribe ANTIRRHINEAE. .

Maoranp1, Ort.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 935.

Maurandia Purpusii, 7. S. Brandegee in Zoe, vol. v. p. 256; A. Purpus in

Mollers Deutsche Gdrtn.-Zeit. vol. xxviii. p. 446 cum figuris; species vix

scandens M. erubescenti, A. Gray, proxima, sed planta minus glanduloso-

pubescente, corollae multo minoris tubo superne minus ampliato differt.

Herba perennis fere ubique breviter glanduloso-pubescens, radicibus basique

caulis valde incrassatis et carnosis. Caules graciles, adscendentes vel

rostrati, vix scandentes, metrales. Folia alterna, petiolata, late triangu-

Sakorate, apice acuta, basi profunde cordata, irregulariter dentata vel

crenata vel interdum fere integra, 3°5-4°5 cm. longa, basi 4-5 cm. lata;

petiolus 3-4°5 cm. longus. lores speciosi, longe pedunculati, in axillis

foliorum superiorum solitarii. Pedwncewli adscendentes, graciles, 7-10 cm.

longi, saepissime foliis longiores. Calyx herbaceus, fere ad basin

5-partitus ; lobi oblongo-ovati, apice subrotundati et apiculati, basi

cordati, 1°5-1°7 cm. longi, 8-9 mm. lati. Corolla vivide roseo-purpurea,

3°5-4 cm. longa, extra fere glabrata; tubus tubuloso-infundibuliformis,

basi antice paulum ventricosus, superne gradatim et leviter ampliatus,

8°5-4 cm. longus, apice 1°5 om. latus, intus praesertim basi glanduloso-

pubescens; limbus patens, leviter 2-labiatus, subaequaliter 5-lobus, ad

2°5 em. latus ; lobi suborbiculares, 7-10 mm. lati. Semina 4, duo longiora

vix exserta; filamenta dense glanduloso-pubescentia. Ovariwm conicum,

ut stylus staminibus brevioribus aequilongus apice integer, glanduloso-

pubescens. Capsula ellipsoidea, apice rotundata, basi inaequalis, 12-13

mm. lata, calyce paulum brevior, stylo persistente coronata. Semina

suborbicularia, circiter 8 mm. lata, tuberculata, ala striata dentata vel

sinuata (emarginata) ciroumdata.—S. A. Skan.

This attractive plant was discovered by Mr. C. A.

Purpus in the Sierra de Mixteca, Oaxaca, Mexico. He

saw it in only one locality, and that was on the slopes

of the Cerro de la Yerba, growing on limestone rocks

and on the walls of old ruins. As seen in nature, with

its growths hanging over the rocks and bearing numerous

showy flowers, it presented a striking object. Seeds

were sent to the Darmstadt Botanic Garden, from which

some were received at Kew in 1912, and plants raised

from these flowered in the Temperate House for the first

ca _ time in July, 1915, supplying material for the present

illustration. In the original description the peduncles

_ are said to be only about two inches long, and the

photographs in Méllers Deutsche Girtner-Zeitung of

Fesrvary, 1917.

plants which flowered .in the nursery of Mr. Herb of

Naples represent peduncles about as long as the petioles,

though in the text the flowers are described as being

long-stalked. The peduncles in the Kew plants were

three to fourincheslong. This is probab!y due to indoor

cultivation. Mr. A. Purpus recommends the plant for

sunny, dry places. Protected from wet, the tuberous

rootstocks survived the winter out of doors at Darmstadt.

The species is described a3 non-climbing. At Kew the

stems have reached a length of about 3 ft. and do not

show the tendency to climb by means of the petioles met

with in most Maurandias; J/. Purpusii differs markedly

in this respect from its close ally, IM. erubescens. Only

one species, MZ. erecta, Hemsl., so far as is known, has a

distinctly erect self-supporting stem. The genus Mau-

randia comprises eight species (or seven if I. geniculata,

Robinson & Fernald, be referred to Jf. erecta, which it

resembles very closely) all of which are natives of Mexico,

one, M. Wislizenii, Engelm., extending to New Mexico.

M. erubescens and M. semperflorens, Ort., have become

naturalised in some of the West Indian Islands and in

some parts of Tropical America. These two species and

M. scandens, A. Gr., are figured in this Magazine at

tt. 460, 3037, 3038 and 3650.

_ Descriprion.—Herb, perennial, shortly glandular-pubescent; base of stem

and roots thick and fleshy. Stem slender, ascending or prostrate, hardly

scandent, 3-4 ft. long. Leaves alternate, petioled, wide triangular-ovate,

acute, base deep-cordate, irregularly toothed or crenate, at times nearly entire,

13-1} in. long, 13-2 in. wide at the base; petiole 1}-1% in. long. Flowers

showy, long-stalked, solitary in the upper axils; peduncles ascending, slender,

in. long, usually longer than the leaves. Calyx herbaceous, 5-partite

almost to the base; lobes oblong-ovate, rather rounded and apiculate, base

cordate, about 2 in. long, } in. wide. Corolla bright rose-purple, 14-1} in.

long, almost glabrous externally ; tube narrow-funnel-shaped, slightly swollen

at the base in front, glandular-pubescent within, especially at the base; limb

patent, 2-lipped, almost equally 5-lobed, about 1 in. across ; lobes suborbicular,

about } in. wide. Stamens 4, in two pairs, hardly exserted ; filaments densely

glandular-pubescent. Ovary conical, glandular-pubescent like the style which

is shorter than the stamens and is entire at the tip. Capsule ellipsoid, rounded

above, unequal at the base, about } in. wide, rather shorter than the calyx,

tipped by the persistent style. Seed almost orbicular, about + in. wide, tuber-

culate, with a surrounding emarginate, striate, toothed or sinuate wing.

Tas. 8697.—Fig. 1, calyx in longitudinal section, showing the pistil; 2, base

of corolla, laid open, showing the stamens; 8 and 4, anthers; 5, group of hairs

from base of stamens; 6, transverse section of ovary; 7, capsule; 8 and 9,

seeds :—all enlarged except 8, which is of natural size, —

M.S. del JN Fitch lith

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SENECIO Mownror.

New Zealand.

ComposiTAzE. Tribe SENECIONIDEAE.

Senecio, Linn, ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 446.

Senecio Monroi, Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. vol. ii. p. 333 (1855), et Handb. N.Z.

Fl. p. 162 (1864); Kirk, Students’ Fl. p. 348 (1898); Cheeseman, Man.

New Zeal. Fl. p. 880 (1906) ; affinis S. laxzfolio, Buch., sed foliis minoribus

; “Ssh emi crasse undulatis, pedunculis brevioribus et involucri bracteis

haud canescentibus differt.

Frutex ramosissimus usque ad 2 m. altus; ramuli dense foliati, breviter albo-

lanati. Folia petiolata, oblonga vel oblongo-lanceolata, apice obtusa, basi

sensim angustata, 1°5-2°5 cm. longa, usque ad 1 cm. lata, margine

incrassato et conspicue undulato-crenato, crasse coriacea, supra tenuiter

reticulata et leviter viscida, infra breviter albo-lanata, enervosa, costa

conspicua; petioli 0°5-1 cm. longi, basi incrassati, semiamplexicaules,

albo-lanati. Capitula laxe corymbosa, pedunculata, 2-2°5 cm. expansa ;

pedunculi gracillimi, glanduloso-puberuli, 2-3 em. longi. Involucri bracteae

2-seriatae, lineares, acutae, exteriores 0°7 cm. longae, interiores paullo

longiores, subherbaceae, extra breviter pubescentes. Flores radii 12-14,

flavi; corollae tubus anguste cylindricus, 4 mm. longus, apicem versus

parce pubescens; lamina oblongo-lanceolata, apice tridentata, 5-nervia,

7 mm. longa, 2°5 mm. late. lores disci numerosi; corollae tubus

inferne anguste cylindricus, superne paullo ampliatus, 0°5 cm. longus;

lobi 5, lanceolati, subacuti, apice minute et parce pubescentes. Achaenia

subteretia, breviter pubescentia. Pappus albus, amplus, 5 mm. longus,

barbellatus.—J. Hurcuinson.

The genus Senecio is represented in New Zealand by

some thirty species which vary in habit from small

weeds resembling the Groundsel of our gardens to much-

branched shrubs with leathery leaves like S. Monroi, the

subject of our illustration. This species, which is con-

fined in a wild state to the South Island of New Zealand,

where it flowers from December to January, along with

a few others bears considerable resemblance in habit

and appearance to some of the species of Olearia,

Moench, so characteristic of New Zealand, but is readily

distinguished by the fewer involucral bracts as well as by

the different style-arms, which in Olearia exhibit the

Feprvary, 1917.

characters that mark the tribe Asteroideac. S. Monroi

was first sent to Kew in 1905 by Mr. G. Matthews,

Dunedin ; at Kew it is grown in the cool greenhouse and

flowers in autumn. The material for our figure came

from the garden at Ludgvan Rectory. Long Rock,

Cornwall, where, the Rev. Mr. Boscawen informs us, it

was raised by him from seed sent to him from New

Zealand in 1907. At Ludgvan the plant grows well in

any ordinary garden soil and flowers freely; some of

Mr. Boscawen’s examples are now compact bushes three

feet in height and about four feet through.

Description.— Shrub, much branched, 6-7 ft. high; twigs densely leafy,

shortly white woolly. Leaves petioled, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse,

gradually narrowed to the base, $-1 in. long, about 2 in. wide, margin

thickened and distinctly undulate-crenate, thickly leathery, above finely

reticulately veined and slightly viscid, beneath shortly white woolly, midrib

raised but venation otherwise not visible ; petiole 1-2 in. long, with a thickened

partly stem-clasping base, white woolly. Heads y corymbose, peduncled,

3-1 in. across; peduncles slender, glandular-puberulous, 3-1} in. long; bracts

of the involucre 2-seriate, linear, acute, the outer over + in. long, the inner

rather longer, somewhat herbaceous, shortly pubescent externally. Ray-florets

12-14, yellow’; corolla-tube narrow cylindric, } in. long, sparingly pubescent

towards the tip; limb oblong-lanceolate, tip 3-dentate, 5-nerved, over + inch

long, 35 in. wide. Disk-florets numerous; corolla-tube narrow-cylindric below,

slightly widened upwards, 3 in. long, glabrous ; lobes 5, lanceolate, somewhat

acute, finely and sparingly pubescent at the tip. Achenes almost terete, shortly

pubescent. Pappus white, copious, + in. long, barbellate.

Tas. 8698.—Fig. 1, a leaf; 2, a capitulum ; 8, a ray-floret; 4, a pappus-

seta; 5, a disk-floret; 6, anthers ; 7, style-arms :—all enlarged,

8699

Vincent Brooks, Day & Sonat imp.

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Tas. 8699.

PILEA For@ettr.

Venezuela.

Urricacear, Tribe Urticear.

Pie, Lindl.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 384,

Pilea Forgeti, N. E. Br.; species nova ex affinitate P. semidentatae, Wedd.,

sed humilior, et ab ea foliis obtusioribus crenato-déntatis pulchre coloratis

et cymis masculis dense capitato-corymbiformibus differt.

Herba dioica, 10-15 cm. alta, basi ramosa. Caules 4-5 (siccati 2) mm. crassi,

tenuiter adpresse pubescentes, rubri. Folia opposita, aequalia vel

inaequalia; petiolus 0°6-1°5 cm. longus, tenuiter adpresse-pubescens,

ruber ; lamina 2-10 em. longa, 1-2-2°8 em. lata, elliptica ad elongato-

lanceolata, obtusa vel subacuta, basi obtusa vel leviter cordata, erenato-

dentata, trinervia, supra glabra, rubro-brunnea, vittis tribus viridibus

notata, subtus secus nervos adpresse pubescens ceterum glabra, purpurea

venis viridibus. Stipulae 1-2 cm. longae, 5-6 mm. latae, ovato-lanceolatae,

obtusae, glabrae, virides, costa rubra. Cymae oppositae ; masculae dense

capitato-corymbiformes, 3-4 cm. diametro, pedunculo 6-7 cm. longo rubro

laxe pubescente suffultae; foemineae inconspicuae, petiolos subaequantes,

1-1°5 cm. diametro, floribus densissime congestis, pedunculo 3-4 mm.

longo suffultae. Flores masculi albi; sepala 4, subaequalia, 3 mm. longa,

1°5-2°5 mm. lata, basi concavo-cucullata, superne vel dorso aliformia ;

stamina 4, alba; flores femini minuti, fuseo-virides ; sepala 3, inaequalia,

0°5-0°75 mm. longa, unum late obovato-obtusum, duo lanceolata subacuta

oat ft ovarium compresso-ellipsoideum ; stigma sessile, capitatum.

— ti. 4. DROWN,

The Urticaceous genus Pilea includes over two hundred

species dispersed throughout the tropics of both hemi-

spheres. Of these the best known is the tiny P. muscosa,

Lindl., the ‘ gunpowder plant,’ so-called from the cloud

of pollen discharged from the anthers when the plant is

shaken—a common South American species which has

become introduced into India, and even into Australia

where alone no native Pilea occurs. Very few species

are in cultivation, the only ones to be met with in

collections so far being P. grandis, Wedd., a native of

Jamaica, with large green, dentate leaves in shape

recalling those of a Coleus, and P. Spruceana, Wedd.,

a native of Peru, with ovate dark bronze-green foliage.

To these have now to be added the attractive foliage

_ Fesruary, 1917.

plant which is here figured. This species, P. Forgeti,

was discovered in Venezuela by Mr. L. Forget in 1914,

when collecting on behalf of Messrs. F. Sander and Sons,

St. Albans, by whom it has been introduced to culti-

vation. The dwarf habit with bright bronze foliage

striped with green give it a pleasing appearance when

out of flower. The sexes are distinct, and in the case of

the female plant, in which the flowers are inconspicuous

and hidden away in small dense clusters in the axils

of the leaves, the general facies of the plant remains

unchanged. In the case of the male, however, flowering

adds to the charm of the plant owing to the develop-

ment of pairs of dense clusters of small white flowers

raised on long pink stalks well above the foliage. Like

the few species already in cultivation, P. Forgeti is

easily grown in a tropical house, and like them sets seeds

in abundance.

Description.—Herb, dioecious, 4-6 in. high, branching at the base. - Stems

about } in. thick, sparingly adpressed-pubescent, red. Leaves opposite, equal

or not; petiole }—$ in. long, sparingly adpressed-pubescent, red ; blade 3—4 in.

long, 3-1} in. wide, from elliptic to elongated lanceolate, obtuse to slightly

acute, base rounded to slightly cordate, margin crenately toothed, 3-nerved,

glabrous above, bronze-coloured with 3 longitudinal green bands, beneath

adpressed-pubescent on the nerves, glabrous elsewhere, purple with the

venation green; stipules ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, 1-3 in. long, about } in.

wide, glabrous, green with a red midrib, Cymes opposite; male densely

capitate-corymbose, 14-1} in. across; peduncle 24-3 in. long, pink, laxly

pubescent ; female inconspicuous, about as long as the petioles, }~2 in. across,

dense; peduncle 4-3 in. long. Flowers small; male white; sepals 4, nearly

equal, } in. long, ;4 in. wide or narrower, concave cucullate at the base, above

and on the back wing-shaped; stamens 4, white; female greenish-tawny ;

sepals 8, unequal, under ;); in. long, one wide, obovate-obtuse, two lanceolate,

somewhat acute, membranous; ovary compressed-ellipsoid ; stigma sessile,

capitate, papillate.

Tas. 8699.—Fig. 1, male flower, seen from the side; 2, the same, showing

stamens ; 3, female flower ; 4, pistil :—all enlarged.

nA Sams, it

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Vincent Brooks Day &Son Le‘imp

del. IN Fitchhth.

2

M.

eve &C? London.

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I

TAB. 8700.

ANGULOA Cu1rtont.

: Colombia.

Orcuipaceag, Tribe VaNDEAE,

AnGuLoa, Ruiz et Pav.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p- 548,

Anguloa Cliftonii, Rolfe in Kew Bull. 1910, p-. 160; Gard. Chron. 1910,

' vol. xlvii. p. 77; Jowrn. Hort. 1910, vol. i. p- 117, cum icon; Gard. Mag.

1910, pp. 83, 84, cum icon.; Orchis, vol. viii. t. 8; Orch. Rev. 1912,

p. 293; ab omnibus speciebus hujus generis labello unguiculato profunde

trilobo medio saccato differt.

Herba terrestris, 30-40 cm. alta; pseudobulbi aggregati, ovoideo-oblongi,

11-15 cm. longi; 4°5-6°5 cm. lati, 2-8-phylli. Folia elliptico-oblonga,

breviter acuminata, subundulata, plicata, basi attenuata, 15-30 cm. longa,

7-9 cm. lata. Scapi erecti, crassiusculi, 20-25 cm. longi, vaginis

spathaceis amplis subimbricatis obtecti; bracteae elliptico-lanceolatae,

acutae, concavae, 5-6 cm. longae. Flores magni, subglobosi. Sepalum

posticum elliptico-oblongum, subobtusum, incurvum, valde concavum,

circiter 10 cm. longum, 5 cm. latum; sepala lateralia orbiculari-elliptica,

concava, apice angustata et falcato-incurva, subacuta, 7°5 em. longa, 4 cm,

lata, basi breviter connata et pedi columnae adnata. Petala orbiculari-

ovata, valde concava, apice angustata, subobtusa, 7°5 cm. longa, 4°5 em.

lata. Labellum unguiculatum, circiter 4 cm. longum; unguis ligulatus,

1 cm. longus; limbus trilobus, basi saccatus; saccus 2 em. latus ; lobi

laterales falcato-incurvi, oblongi, breves, obtusi, circiter 6 mm. longi ;

lobus intermedius late unguiculatus; unguis 8 mm. longus, basi callo

bilobo vel obcordato instructus ; limbus basi trulliformis vel triangularis,

Shaegeins apice recurvus, acuminatus. Colwmna crassissima, 3°5 cm.

onga, subreflexa, prominenter gibbosa, deinde basi subito reflexa et facie

concava, infra antheram constricta; alae latae, subtruncatae; stigma

marginatum, valde concavum.—Anguloa Ruckeri, var., Ledien in Orchis,

vol. iv. p. 119, t. 8; non Lindl.—R. A. Rours.

The handsome Anguloa here figured was introduced to

cultivation by -Messrs. Charlesworth and Company,

Haywards Heath, in whose nursery it flowered in July,

1910, the plant passing into the collection of Mr. J.

Talbot Clifton, Lytham Hall, Lancashire, to whom it

was dedicated in the original description. A few years

later a fresh importation was effected by Messrs. F.

Sander and Sons, St. Albans. This species, A. Cliftoni,

differs markedly from the previously known members of

its genus in having a deeply saccate base to the lip, which

Marcu, 1917,

has a narrow strongly recurved frontal lobe, and in the

shorter column which is constricted below the apex and

much swollen above the base. The locality of the

original plant has not been stated, but the species

is known to occur in the district of Antioquia in Colombia.

The material for our figure has been obtained from a

plant imported by Messrs. Sander. Like other members

of the genus, A. Cliftoni thrives in the intermediate house.

It is most suitably grown in a compost of turfy loam

and peat, with a small proportion of chopped sphagnum

added to the mixture. During the growing season the

plant requires a liberal supply of moisture at the roots

and should be kept shaded from bright sunshine. When

at rest only sufficient water should be given to keep the

pseudobulbs plump; the plant may then be given a

brighter and more airy situation, thus ensuring the

ripening required to induce satisfactory flowering.

Description. — Herb, terrestrial, 1-13 ft. high ; pseudobulbs clustered, ovoid-

oblong, 4-6 in. long, 13-23 in. wide, 2-8-foliate. Leaves elliptic-oblong, shortly

acuminate, margin slightly wavy, plaited, narrowed to the base, 6-12 in. long,

3-37 in. wide. Scapes erect, rather stout, 8-10 in. long, clothed with large,

spathaceous, somewhat imbricate sheaths; bracts elliptic-lanceolate, acute,

concave, 2-23 in. long. Flowers large, subglobose. Sepals : posterior elliptic-

oblong, somewhat obtuse, incurved, very concave, about 4 in. long, 2 in. wide;

lateral orbicular-elliptic, concave, narrowed to the faleately recurved subacute

tip, 3 in. long, 1} in. wide, shortly connate and adnate at the base to the

column. Petals orbicular-ovate, very concave, narrowed to the somewhat

obtuse apex, 3 in. long, 13 in. wide. Lip clawed, about 1} in. long; claw

ligulate, over } in. long; limb 3-lobed, saccate at the base, the pouch 3 in,

across, lateral lobes falcately incurved, oblong, short, blunt, about } in. long ;

mid-lobe broadly clawed, claw 1 in. long, with a 2-lobed or obcordate basal

callus ; limb trowel-shaped or triangular, pubescent, acuminate and recurved at

the tip. Colwmn very thick, 11 in. long, somewhat reflexed, distinctly gibbous

then suddenly reflexed at the base, and concave in front, narrowed under the

anther; wings broad, somewhat truncate; stigma marginate, very concave.

Tas. 8700.—Fig. 1, lip and column; 2, lip, detached; 3, column, seen from

in front; 4, anther-cap; 5, pollinarium; 6, sketch of an entire plant :—all of

natural size except 6, which is much reduced,

870/

MSdeLJNFitchiith.

Vincent Brooks Day &Son Lttimp.

LReeve &C? London

Tab. 8701.

BERBERIS Sraprrana.

China.

BERBERIDACEAE. Tribe BERBERIDEAR.

Berseris, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 48.

Berberis (§ Sinenses) Stapfiana, C. K. Schneider in Kew Bull. 1912, p. 35;

Bean, Trees & Shrubs, vol. i. p. 249 (1914); affinis B. subcaulialatae,

C. K. Schneider, et B. Wilsonae, Hemsl., sed ramulis minute pustulatis

vel laevibus, baccis ellipsoideis haud globosis differt.

Frutex deciduus vel subsempervirens, glaber; rami fusco-purpurascentes,

_ minute pustulati vel laeves, costati ; spinae e basi tripartitae, graciles,

acutissimae, fusco-stramineae, infra conspicue canaliculatae, 1°5-1-8 em.

longae, lateralibus e medio sub angulo 90° divergentibus. Folia ad

4-8-fasciculata, lineari-oblanceolata, apice plerumque acute mucronata,

basi in petiolum brevem attenuata, integra vel rarius 2-8-dentata, 1°2-8 cm.

longa, 3-5 mm. lata, rigide chartacea, utrinque praesertim in pagina

,Superiore conspicue reticulata, supra viridia, infra paullo pruinosa et

papillosa, Injflorescentiae brevissime fasciculato-racemosae, foliis multo

breviores, 4—7-florae ; pedicelli pruinosi, 2°5-4 mm. longi, basi bracteis late

ovatis acutis coriaceis circiter 1°5 mm. longis instructi. Flores flavi,

depresso-globosi, 6-7 mm. diametro. Sepala exteriora ovato-orbicularia,

apice rotundata, 1°25-1°75 mm. longa, intériora orbicularia, 8-4 mm.

diametro, 6-nervia. Petala obovata, 8 mm. longa, 1°5-1-75 mm. lata,

basin versus angustata et biglandulosa. Stamina petalis breviora, con-

nectivo producto subobtuso. Ovarium staminibus aequilongum, stigmate

fere plano orbiculare coronatum. Fructus late ellipsoideus, kermesinus,

leviter pruinosus, stigmate persistente breviter stipitato nigrescente incluso

circiter 8 mm. longus.—J. Hutcuinson.

The Barbery here described is one of a group of Chinese

forms with dull foliage, among which Berberis Wilsonae,

Hemsl., figured at t. 8414 of this work may be regarded

as the type, but which includes also the very closely

allied B. subcaulialata, C. K. Schneider. The species

now figured was originally described by Dr. Schneider as

B. Stapfiana from a plant in the Barbery collection at

Kew, which had been presented by Mr. M. L. de Vilmorin

in 1910 under the name B. subcaulialata, from which it

_ differs in the characters pointed out by Mr. Hutchinson.

The plant from which our illustration has been prepared:

1s not, however, the original type of B. Stapfiana, but

Marca, 1917, .

~~

one raised from seed collected by Mr. E. H. Wilson sent

to Kew in 1909 from the Arnold Arboretum. The seed

in both instances came from Western China; the precise

locality is not known in either case. The long arching

shoots, which are produced annually, impart to our

plant a free and graceful habit; its being practically

an evergreen affords an additional merit; it attains

its greatest beauty in the fruiting condition, in October

and November, later in the year perhaps than is the case

with any other Barbery. It likes a good loamy soil and

a sunny position; the abundant seeds render its propa-

gation easy. How far the differences between the three

plants with dull-grey foliage above alluded to may be

Specific seems open to doubt. In a recent communica-

tion Dr. Schneider has suggested that possibly both

of the forms described by him as distinct may be

varieties of the species described by Mr. Hemsley.

While there is much to favour this view, the fact remains

that B. Wilsonae, Hemsl., is readily distinguished by its

downy twigs from the two plants described by Dr.

Schneider, in both of which the twigs are devoid of

hairs; of these two, B. Stapjfiana differs further from

B. Wilsonae as regards the form of its ripe fruits.

Description.—Shrub, about 5 ft. high; stem long, branches arching,

ridged; twigs glabrous, tawny-purplish, finely pustulate or smooth; spines

3-partite from the base, slender, very acute, tawny-straw-coloured, distinctly

channelled beneath, 2-3 in. long, the lateral diverging from the main spine at a

right angle. Leaves in clusters of 4-8, falling late, so that the plant is almost

evergreen, linear-oblanceolate, usually sharply mucronate, narrowed below into

a short petiole, entire or rarely 2-3-toothed, 4-1} in. long, 3—} in. wide, firmly

chartaceous, glabrous, conspicuously reticulate especially on the green uppér

surface, below somewhat pruinose and papillose. Inflorescences of short

clustered racemes, considerably shorter than the leaves, 4—7-flowered ; pedicels

abyreges 79-6 in. long, beset at the base with small wide-ovate acute coriaceous

racts. Flowers yellow, depressed-globose, about } in. across. Sepals: outer

ovate-orbicular, with rounded tips; inner orbicular, 3-1 in, wide, 6-nerved,

much larger than the outer. Petals obovate, } in. long, about =}; in. wide,

narrowed to the base and there 2-glandular. Stamens shorter than the petals,

with a somewhat bluntly produced connective. Ovary as long as the stamens,

crowned by an almost flat orbicular stigma. Fruit wide ellipsoid, crimson and

aie a about 3 in. long including the persistent, shortly stipitate,

stigma.

Tas. 8701.—Fig. 1, a leaf of unusual type, showing marginal teeth; 2, flower-

bud; 3, a flower, fully open; 4, petal and stamen ; 5, petal; 6, pistil; 7, fruit

and bracts :—all enlarged.

MS del. J NFitch lith Vincent. Brocks,Day & Son Lttimp

L.Reeve&C°L ondon

Tas. 8702.

CLEMATIS Farcezst, var. SoULIEIL.

China.

RANUNCULACEAE, Tribe CLEMATIDEAE.

Crematis, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 8.

Clematis Fargesii, Franch., var. Souliei, Finet et Gagnepain in Bull. Soc.

Bot. France, vol. i. p. 523 (1903), et Contrib. Fl. As. Or. fasc. i. p. 8 (1905) ;

Rehder et Wils. in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. pars iii. p. 336 (19138); a

typo foliolis angustioribus basi late cuneatis vel rotundatis parce pubes-

centibus, filamentis antheris multo longioribus differt.

Frutex scandens; ramuli suleati, juniores breviter tomentosi, demum parce

“_rpargear apy rubro-purpurascentes. Folia biternata, usque ad 20 cm.

onga et 15 cm. expansa, tenuiter chartacea, utrinque parce adpresse

pubescentia ; foliola lateralia terminali multo minora, plus minusve ovata,

2-3 cm. longa, 1-2 cm. lata, inaequaliter lobulato-dentata vel interdum

sublobata, dentibus ovatis acute mucronatis; foliola terminalia sessilia vel

petiolulata, ovato-lanceolata, subtriloba, acute acuminata, basi rotundata

vel breviter cuneata, 3-5 cm. longa, 2-4°5 cm. lata; nervi supra im-

pressi, infra prominentes, adscendentes, laxe ramosi. Pedunculi axillares,

1-2-flori, foliis plerumque multo breviores, supra medium bracteolati, parce

pubescentes, bracteolis minimis oppositis ; pedicelli ultimi 2°5-4°5 em,

longi, graciles. Alabastra ovoidea, obtusa, 1°5 em. longa. Sepala 6,

alba, extra flavo-tincta, obovata, apice acute mucronata, 2°5-3 cm. longa,

2-2°5 cm. lata, extra breviter pubescentia. Stamina glabra, stylis paullo

longiora, filamentis linearibus complanatis vix 1 cm. longis, antheris

3-3°5 mm, longis dilute flavis. Achaenia numerosa, late ovoidea, com-

pressa, glabra, apice in stylum dense villosum attenuata.— Clematis

Souliei, Franch. ex Finet et Gagnepain, l.c., nomen.—J. HutcHnson.

The Clematis which forms the subject of our illustra-

tion is a native of western Szechuan, where it is found

in woodlands, but where it appears to occur somewhat

sparingly. At one time thought to be a distinct species,

C. Souliei, Franch., it has recently been regarded as only

a form of C. Fargesii, Franch., also a native of south-

western China, and indeed to differ but slightly from

that plant, as originally described, in having filaments

considerably longer than the anthers, and perhaps also

in having the leaflets more rounded or more widely

cuneate at the base. C. Furgesii is a member of the

Vitalba group of species ; within that group it is readily

< Maeee, 17,

.

distinguished by its one- or two-flowered axillary

‘ peduncles and by its large and conspicuous flowers.

The plant from which the material for our figure was

obtained was raised at Kew from seeds received from the

Arnold Arboretum in 1912. It flowered for the first time

in 1915; the specimen figured was gathered in 1916.

Plants continue in flower from June to September; they

grow vigorously in a loamy soil, give every evidence of

being hardy in our climate and develop sufficient seeds

to make propagation easy. As a climbing shrub for

gardens this Clematis will be valued for the pure white-

ness and delicate satiny texture of its flowers,

Description.—Shrub, climbing; twigs sulcate, shortly tomentose when

young, ultimately sparingly pubescent, reddish-purple. Leaves 2-ternate, up

to 8 in. long, 6 in. wide, thinly chartaceous, sparingly adpressed-pubescent on

both surfaces ; lateral leaflets much smaller than the terminal, more or less

ovate, {-1} in. long, }-% in. wide, unequally lobulately toothed or at times

almost lobate, the teeth ovate, acute and mucronate; end-leaflet sessile or

petiolulate, ovate-lanceolate, almost 3-lobed, acutely acuminate, base rounded

or shortly cuneate, 1}-2 in. long, 3-13 in. wide; nerves sunk above, raised

beneath, ascending, laxly branched. Pedwneles axillary, 1-2-flowered, usually

much shorter than the leaves, bracteolate above the middle, sparingly

pubescent, the bracteoles very small, opposite ; pedicels beyond the bracteoles

1-1{ in. long, slender. Buds ovoid, blunt, 2 in. long. Sepals 6, white, tinged

outside with yellow, obovate, sharply mucronate, 1-1} in. long, #-1 in. wide,

shortly pubescent externally, Stamens glabrous, rather longer than the styles ;

filaments linear, flattened, about } in. long, nearly thrice as long as the pale

yellow anthers. Achenes numerous, wide-ovoid, compressed, glabrous, narrowed

at the tip into the densely villous style.

Tas. 8702.— Fig. 1 and 2, stamens ; 8, carpel ; 4, young achene :—all enlarged,

8705

“3 t

4

SF yes

® ~~ eee

MS.del. JN Fitch lith ' Vincent Brooks Day & SonLt tmp:

L.Reeve &C London.

Tab. 8703.

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM Priuansit.

South Africa.

FicorpkEak, Tribe Mesemprykak.

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM, Linn. ; ‘Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 854,

Mesembryanthemum Pillansii, Kensit in De Wild. Pl. Nov. Hort. Then.

vol. ii. p. 3, t. 57; species M, lacero, Haw., affinis sed petalis longe

spathulatis in genere insignis.

Suffrutex ramosus, 45-60 cm. altus, omnino glaber, ramis ancipitibus rubes-

centibus. Folia 3-3-5 em. longa, 6-9 mm. Jata, 8-10 mm. crassa, patula,

incurva, acute triquetra, carina saepe eroso-dentata vel interdum in-

tegra, apice mucronato-acuta, glauco-viridia. Flores solitarii, terminales.

Pedicelli 1-1-3 em. longi. Calyx 5-lobus, glauco-virens; tubus late

~~ obconicus, circiter 1-3-1-5 cm. diametro; lobi inaequales, 1-1-5 cm. longi,

foliiformes, tribus late membranaceo-marginatis. Corolla 4-4°5 em:

diametro ; petala biformia, exteriora numerosa, 3-seriata, alia patula, alia

erecto-incurva, 1°5 em. longa, longe spathulata, unguibus filiformibus

albis et laminis elliptico-lanceolatis obtusis 2°5-3 mm. latis pulchre pur-

pureis ; interiora numerosa, breviora, supra stamina arcte incurva, filiformia,

alba. Stamina numerosa, supra ovarium incurva, alba. Ovariwm latum,

depressum, apice concavum, 10-loculare ; stigmata 10, minuta, conniventia.

—N. E. Brown.

The very distinct and somewhat peculiar Mesembryan-

themum here figured was first met with in J anuary, 1907,

at Moutons Vley, near Piquetberg, Cape Colony, at an

elevation of about 2,000 feet above sea-level. It has

since been introduced to European collections by its

‘discoverer, Mr. N. S. Pillans. The species has not yet

flowered at Kew, and the material from which our plate

has been prepared was obtained from a plant presented

by Mr. Pillans to the Cambridge Botanic Garden in 1913

which flowered there for the first time in J une, 1914,

Mr. R. I. Lynch, to whom we are indebted for this

material, informs us that the conditions suitable for other

members of the genus meet the requirements of M. Pil-

lansii, The nearest ally of M. Pillansii is M. lacerum,

Haw., which it much resembles in foliage, but the very

remarkable spathulate petals at once distinguish our

Marog, 1917. et 2

4 8 one

plant not only from MM. lacerum, but from every other

known member of the genus. The stamens and the

minute stigmas are completely concealed within the

dome formed by the closely contiguous incurved filiform

inner petals.

Description.— Undershrub, 13-2 ft. high, much branched, glabrous in all its

parts; branches forked, reddish. Leaves glaucous-green, sharply triquetrous,

13-1} in. long, }-} in. wide, and 3-2 in. thick, spreading, then slightly incurved,

the keel often erosely toothed, occasionally entire, the tip acute and slightly

mucronate. Flowers solitary, terminal, pedicels 4-1 in, long. Calyx 5-lobed,

greenish glaucous; tube wide obconic, from 3-2 in. across; lobes unequal,

#-§ in. long, resembling the leaves, three with, the others without, broad

membranous margins. Corolla 1}-1% in. across; petals of two kinds; the

outer numerous, 3-seriate, some spreading, others erect or incurved, about 2 in.

long, long-spathulate with a white filiform claw and a purple elliptic-lanceolate

blunt blade ¥,-3 in. wide ; the inner also numerous but shorter, white, filiform,

sharply incurved over the stamens. Stamens numerous, white, incurved over

the ovary. Ovary broad and depressed with a concave apex, 10-locular ;

stigmas 10, minute, connivent.

Tas. 8703.—Fig. 1, section of a flower; 2, an

outer petal; 3, inner petals

and stamens; 4, an inner petal :—all enlarged.

8&704

SS

M.S.del. INFitch lith.

Vincent Brooks Day&S onL timp. 4

eeve & C° London,

Te

at Tu

Tas. 8704,

RUBUS ILLEcEBROSUS.

Japan.

RosaceaE. Tribe RusEar.

Rusvs, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p- 616.

Rubus illecebrosus, Focke, in Abhandl. Nat. Ver. Bremen, vol. xvi. p. 278

(1899), et in Bibl. Bot. heft lxxii. p. 152, fig. 64; a R. frazxinifolio, Poir.,

caulibus herbaceis, petiolis pedunculisque crebrius aculeatis, inflorescentiis

paucifloris et floribus majoribus differt.

Herba perennis, 15-25 em. alta, radix repens surculigera; caulis erectus,

annuus, angulatus, glaber, aculeatus. Folia 8-18 cm. longa, impari-

pinnata, summo 3-foliolato excepto 5-7-juga; rhachis sulcata, aculeata;

foliola anguste ovata vel ovato-lanceolata, duplicato-serrata, impresso-

venosa, glabriuscula, 4—7 cm. longa, 1°5-3 cm. lata ; stipulae bracteaeque

lineari-lanceolatae, 0°5-1cm.longae. Flores terminales, pauci, spectabiles,

2°5-3°5 cm. diametro ; pedunculi graciles, aculeati, glabri, 2-4 em. longi.

Sepala late ovata, caudato-acuminata, concava, circiter 1 cm. longa.

Petala late obovato-orbicularia, 1-5 em. lata; post anthesin patentia.

Stamina numerosa, filamenta glabra. Carpella numerosissima, glabra ;

styli filiformes, glabri. Fructus ellipsoideo-globosus, 8 em, longus, colore

instar fragorum, sapore vero pinguior.—Rubus rostfolius coronartus flore

simplict forma alpina, Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Imp. Sc. St. Pétersb. vol.

xiii, p. 158, et Diagn. Pl. Nov. Jap. dec. x. p. 388. R. rosaefolius, J. H. Wils. .

in Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc. Genet. pp. 207, 208, fig. 498; non Sm. R. sorbi-

folius, Hort. ex Focke l.c.; non Maxim. R. rosaefolius, y coronarius

simplicifolia, Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. 1901, p- 50.—Phonzo Zoufou,,

vol. xxv. fol. 15, recto.—R. A. Rourr.

The Strawberry-Raspberry is a fruit which, during

recent years, has attracted attention for its handsome

appearance, though, in spite of its being sweet and

palatable, it is somewhat disappointing as regards

flavour. It is a Rubus with a herbaceous stem which in

summer attains a height of eight inches, but in winter

dies down to the ground. At Kew it is quite hardy,

thriving well in loamy soil and in full sunshine. It may

be propagated by seeds or by division of the old plants

in early spring. The history of this Rubus is rather a

confused one. There is a figure of the plant in the

-Phonzo Zoufou which is characteristic and unmistakable,

Jn 1872 Mr. Maximowicz referred to the presence in

Aprit, 1917.

Japan of two forms of R. rosaefolius, Smith; one of

these, termed alpina, has 1-2 terminal flowers on its

dwarf young stems, with fruits an inch long; it was

suggested that this form might be the doubtful RZ. chinensis,

Ser., described in 1825. That thisis not the case is shown

by the comparison of our material with a fragment and

with a natural-size photograph of the original specimen

of 2. chinensis kindly presented to the Kew collection by

Mr. C. de Candolle ; Ft. chinensis is a shrub, nearly allied

to £. rosaefolius, which was collected in China by Sir G.

L. Staunton, the type specimen of which was presented

to Mr. A. P. de Candolle by Mr. A. B. Lambert. Some

time later than 1872 the Strawberry-Raspberry was

introduced into American gardens and grown as R. sorbi-

folius. It subsequently reached Europe under this name,

as a plant of somewhat doubtful origin, though probably

Japanese. In 1899 Dr. Focke proved that the plant is not

ft. sorbifolius, Maxim., and described it as a new species,

ft, illecebrosus, allied to the western Chinese RP. xvantho-

carpus, Bur. & Franch., without, however, indicating

its identity with Maximowicz’s alpine form of R. rosae-

folius and with the Phonzo Zoufou plant. Still later

Dr. J. H. Wilson, overlooking Focke’s account, referred

to our plant as R. rosaefolius, “better known in gardens

as Lf. sorbifolius, the so-called Strawberry-Raspberry.”’

Modern Japanese authors, apparently equally unaware

of the existence of the name &. illecebrosus, consistently

treat our plant as a dwarf mountain form of R. rosae

folius, notwithstanding the evidence to the contrary

which its herbaceous habit affords.

Description.—Herb 6-10 in. high ; root perennial, creeping and giving off

offsets ; stem erect, annual, angled, glabrous, prickly. Leaves 3-7 in. long,

imparipinnate, uppermost 8-foliolate, the others 11-15-foliolate ; rachis sulcate,

prickly; leaflets narrow ovate or ovate-lanceolate, doubly serrate, nearly

glabrous, the veins sunk above, 13-83 in. long, 2-11 in. wide; stipules and bracts

linear-lanceolate, 1~2 in. long. Flowers terminal, few, showy, 1-1} in. across ;

peduncles slender, prickly, glabrous, 3-13 in. long. Sepals wide ovate, caudate-

acumina‘e, concave, about } in. long. Petals wide obovate-orbicular, 2 in,

wide, ultimately Spreading. Stamens numerous; filaments glabrous. Carpels

very many, glabrous; styles filiform, glabrous. Fruit ellipsoid-globose, 1} in.

long, like that of a strawberry in colour, but rather insipid when eaten,

; Tan. 8704.—Fig. 1, portion of margin of a leaf; 2, a flower-bud; 3 and 4, —

Stamens; 5, a earpel; 6, a fruiting carpel :—all enlarged.

3705

MS del. J NFitch. lith.

Vincent Brocks Day&SonLttimp.

LReeve &C° London

Tas. 8705.

SENECIO Hecrort.

New Zealand.

Compositak, Tribe SENECIONIDEAR.

Senecio, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii, p. 446.

Senecio Hectori, Buch. in Trans. New Zeal. Inst, vol. v. p. 348 (1873); vol.

vi. t. 28; Kirk, Students’ Flora, p. 344; Cheeseman, Man. New Zeal.

Flora, p. 876; ies foliis magnis repando-dentatis basin versus pin-

natilobulatis, floribus radii albis valde distincta.

Frutex erectus, ramosus, usque ad 4 m. altus; rami robusti, patuli, puberuli,

apicem versus foliati. Folia inferiora obovato-elliptica, apice subacuta,

basin versus pinnato-lobulata, 15-25 cm. longa, 8-12 em. lata, repando-

dentata, dentibus subacute mucronatis 4-7 mm. distantibus, supra minute

et sparse pustulata, infra tenuiter lanata; superiora sessilia elliptico-

lanceolata vel lanceolata, fere glabra, subintegra. Corymbi terminales,

laxe ramosi, foliosi, 830 cm. diametro vel ultra; pedunculi glanduloso-

puberuli. Capitula 4-5 cm. expansa. Involucrum campanulatum,

1°5 cm. longum, medio circiter 1 em. diametro; bracteae 12-14, sub-

biseriatae, basi bracteis paucis linearibus instructae, oblongo-lineares, acute

acuminatae, apice intus hirsutae, extra glabrae, margine anguste car-

tilagineo-membranaceae. Flores radii albi, 12-14; corollae tubus anguste

cylindricus, 5 mm. longus, glaber; lamina lanceolata, apice minute

tridentata, 1-5 cm. longa; styli rami graciles, longe exserti. HF lores disct

flavi; corollae tubus inferne anguste cylindricus, 0-8 cm. longus, superne

leviter ampliatus, glaber ; lobi 5, oblongo-lanceolati, subacuti, 2 mm. longi;

styli rami exserti,2mm.longi. Achaenia 3°5 mm. longa, glabra. Pappus

albus, amplus, 0°8 cm. longus, barbellatus.—J. Hurcurson.

Among the thirty species of Senecio which are native

in New Zealand one of the finest is S. Hectori, the

subject of our plate. It is readily distinguished from

its New Zealand congeners by its foliage, the basal

portion or petiole of the lower leaves being pinnately

lobulate, while the remainder of the leaf-blade is repand-

dentate. This species is apparently confined to the

South Island where it occurs in the Nelson and West-

land districts, at elevations of from 250 to 3,£00 feet

above sea-level. It flowers there from December to

February, and in favoured localities the flower-heads are

at times two and a half inches across. For the intro-

Aram, 1917.

duction of this fine plant horticulture is indebted to

Captain A. A. Dorrien Smith, Kingshill, Berkhamsted,

by whom it was brought to England in 1910, when an

example was presented by him to Kew. The Kew plant

has thriven well in a cool greenhouse, but has not yet

flowered, and for the material from which our illustration

has been prepared we are indebted to its introducer,

with whom one of his own examples blossomed for the

first time in July, 1913. As a conservatory plant

S. Hectori should prove a welcome acquisition; at Kew

it is unfortunately too tender for cultivation out of

doors.

Description.—Shrub, erect, branched, reaching a height of 12-14 ft.;

branches stout, spreading, pubescent, leafy towards their extremities. Leaves:

lower obovate-elliptic, somewhat acute towards the base, pinnately lobulate

where they pass into the petiole, the margin elsewhere repand-toothed, the teeth

somewhat sharply mucronate, é-+ in. apart, 6-10 in. long, 3-5 in. wide, finely

but sparingly pustulate above, sparsely woolly beneath ; upper sessile, elliptic-

lanceolate or lanceolate, almost glabrous and nearly entire. Corymbs terminal,

loosely branched, leafy, 12 in. across or wider ; peduncles glandular-puberulous.

Heads 14-2 in. wide or in its native habitat sometimes 23 in. across; involucre

campanulate, 2 in. long, over 2 in. wide in the middle; bracts 12-14, more or

less 2-seriate, but with a few additional linear basal ones, those of the involucre

proper oblong-linear, acutely acuminate, glabrous outside, hirsute at the tip

within, their margin narrowly cartilaginous-membranous. Ray-florets 12-14,

white; corolla-tube narrow cylindric, } in. long, glabrous ; lamina lanceolate,

minutely 3-toothed at the tip, $ in. long; style-arms slender, far-exserted.

Disk-florets yellow ; corolla-tube narrow-cylindric below, 3 in. long, slightly

widened upwards, glabrous ; lobes 5, oblong-lanceolate, somewhat acute, 54 in.

long, exserted. Achenes 7 in, long, glabrous. Pappus white, copious; setae

3 in. long, barbellate,

»

Tas. 8705.—Fig. 1, ray-floret ; 2, disk-floret ; 8, pappus-seta; 4, anthers ;

5, style-arms :—all enlarged,

8706

is

STE

Sakon} 4.5.41.533 ;

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se

SSR REPS

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MS del. JN Fitch

Tas. 8706,

CHIRITA TRAILLIANA.

South-west China.

GESNERIACEAE. Tribe CyRTANDREAE.

Currita, Ham.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen Plant. vol. ii. p. 1022.

Chirita Trailliana, Forrest et W. W. Smith in Not. R. Bot. Gard. Edin.

vol. ix. p. 95; affinis C. brevipedi, C. B. Clarke, et C. speciosae, Kurz, sed

ab utraque foliis obtuse crenatis nec serratis et corolla pendula, ab illa

praeterea pedunculo elongato, pedicello breviore, ab hac inflorescentiis

paucifloris, calycis lobis latioribus late lanceolatis distincta.

Herba humilis, perennis; caulis repens, brevis, dense ferrugineo-hirsutus.

Folia omnia basalia, petiolo 8-15 cm. alto rubro-hirsuto suffulta, lamina

late ovata, obtusa vel subacuta, basi subaequaliter vel oblique subcordata

vel cordata, 12-20 em. longa, ad 15 cm. lata, obtuse crenata, supra

densiuscule, infra laxius pilis subadpressis vel ad margines patulis vestita

et hic purpurea vel purpureo-marmorata. Pedwnculi inter folia emersi,

erecti, ad 12 em. longi, subrobusti, rubro-hirsuti, apice herbaceo-bracteati,

cymam ad flores perpaucas redactam gerens floribus haud simul apertis ;

pedicellus ad 2 cm. longus. Calya ovoideus, ultra trientem in lobos sub-

aequales late-lanceolatos acutos divisus, paule ultra 2 cm. longus, rubro-

hirsutus. Corolla extra undique magis minusve pubescens; tubus 4°5 em.

longus, basi per 8 mm. late cylindricus, deinde sensim oblique ampliatus,

superne ad 1°5 cm. latus, pallide violaceus, intus antice lineis flavidis

notatus ; limbus pulchre violaceus ; lobis labii superioris rotundatis 1 cm.

longis 1-5 cm. latis, iis labii inferioris1*8cm.longis. Staminwm filamenta

glabra, 6 mm. longa; antherae albo-lanatae. Staminodia filamentis albo-

lanatis. Discus crenulatus. Ovariwm cum stylo pubescens; stigma

inaequaliter bilobum. Capsula linearis, ad 9 cm. longa.—O. Starr,

The Chirita here figured, which was discovered by

Mr. G. Forrest in May and June, 1912, at elevations of

from 5,000-7,000 feet in the Shweli Valley and on the

hills to the south of Tengueh in Yunnan, is one of a group

of species the hitherto known members of which are

C. brevipes, Clarke, a native of the Khasia Hills, and

C. speciosa, Kurz, which was discovered in south-western

Yunnan at Poneline by the late Dr. J. Anderson. Yet

another, but as yet an undescribed species belonging to.

the same group has been found, also in Yunnan, at 4,500

feet elevation, near Szemao, by Dr. A. Henry. The

_ Szemao plant has leaves that are almost exactly like

«Ape, 1017,

those of the Tengueh species which its discoverer and

Mr. W. W. Smith have named (. 7, railliana, but the

calyx-teeth are narrowly linear above the base and the

blossoms are aggregated in cymes of about four flowers,

borne on peduncles as short as those of the Khasian

C. brevipes ; the flowers, however, develop very unequally

and there is probably, as in (. Trailliana, only one open

at a given time. Examples of this Szemao plant from

rather higher elevations have, however, peduncles with

solitary flowers, and it is not impossible that it may

eventually prove to be a form of C. Trailliana. The plant

from which our figure was prepared was obtained for

the Kew collection in 1915 from Messrs. R. Wallace

and Company, Colchester, by whom it had been raised

from seed collected by Mr. Forrest for Mr. J.C. Williams,

Caerhays Castle, Cornwall. It flowered in June in a

greenhouse, and is evidently too tender to thrive out

of doors in Britain. I¢ survived at Kew after flowering,

but failed to mature seeds, : :

Description.—Herb, perennial; stem short, creeping, densely rusty-hirsute.

Leaves all radical; lamina broadly ovate, obtuse or somewhat acute, base

nearly equally or obliquely rounded or cordate, margin bluntly crenate, 5-8 in.

long, up to 6 in. wide, densely hirsute above, beneath rather laxly clothed with

hairs, which near the purplish or purple blotched margin are spreading, but

elsewhere are somewhat appressed ; petiole

reddish hairs. Peduncles erect, from among the leaves, up to 5 in. long,

rather stout, hirsute with reddish hairs, with herbaceous apical bracts and

bearing a reduced few-flowered cyme, the individual flowers opening in

succession and not simultaneously ; pedicel 3 in. long. Calyx ovoid, divided

for more than one-third its length

lobes, over $ in. long, hirsute with reddish hairs. Corolla more or less

uniformly pubescent outside; tube nearly 2 in. long, wide cylindric for

white villous anthers ; staminodes with white woolly filaments. Disk crenulate.

oor and style pubescent; Stigma unequally 2-lobed. Capsule linear, over

} in. long.

Tas. 8706,—Fig. 1, calyx in vertical section, with pistil; 2,a hair; 3, corolla-

tube, laid open; 4 and 5, anthers ; 6, transverse section of ovary; 7, sketch of

‘an entire plant :—all enlarged except 7, which is much reduced.

. i

x Son Lemp

Tia

aS a GY" S

Vincent Brook

L.Reave &C°London

Tas. 8707.

SAXIFRAGA MANSHURIENSIS.

Manchuria and Corea.

SAXIFRAGACEAE. Tribe SAXIFRAGEAE.

SaxirraGa, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 635.

Saxifraga (§Boraphila) manshuriensis, Komarov in Acta Hort. Petrop.

vol. xxii. p. 415; Irving in Gard. Chron. 1915, vol. lviii. p. 184, cum icon. ;

species S. punctatae, Linn., affinis, foliis majoribus, petiolis et scapo hirsutis,

inflorescentia contracta, sepalis ciliatis, petalis duplo brevioribus differt.

Herba succulenta, scapigera. Rhizoma breve, crassiusculum, olia radicalia

plura, longepetiolata, rotundato-reniformia, 5-6°5 cm. longa, 7-8°25 cm.

lata, grosse crenata, crenis apiculatis, supra glabra, intense viridia, margine

minute ciliolata, infra sparsissime pilosula, pallida; petioli 10-14 cm.

longi, hirsuti, rubelli. Scapus solitarius, circiter 35 cm. longus, pilis

glanduloso-capitatis densiuscule hirsutus. Panicula terminalis, subglobosa,

valde contracta, circiter 4 cm. diametro; bracteae lineares, inferiores ad

2 cm. longae, acutae, rubellae; pedicelli dense glanduloso-pilosi. Flores

saepe 6-8-meri. Sepala reflexa, oblongo-lanceolata, obtusiuscula, circiter

2-5 mm. longa, ciliata. Petala spatulato-oblonga, leviter retusa, 3°5 mm.

longa. Stamina petalis duplo plura; filaments clavata; antherae breviter

oblongae.. Pistiila rubra, fere ad basin libera, staminibus breviora,

ampulliformia.—S. punctata, Linn., var. manchuriensis, Engl. Monogr.

Saxifrag. p. 189.—M. L. Green.

The Saxifrage which forms the subject of our illus-

tration was first described, as a variety of S. punctata,

Linn., in 1872 by Engler. The plant on which the original

account was based had been collected by Wilford on the

coast of Manchuria in 1857. The Linnean species with

which Engler thus associated Wilford’s plant has a wide

range in northern Asia, arctic America and the Rocky

Mountains; so far, however, as is yet known, Wilford’s

Saxifrage appears to be confined to Manchuria and

northern Corea, where according to Komarov, who in

1904 first indicated the desirability of regarding it as a

distinct species, it is to be found in shady damp places on

stream-banks. From S. punctata S. manshuriensis differs in

being a more robust plant with larger and thicker leaves,

in having the petioles and scapes hirsute, and in having

the inflorescence globose and contracted. The plant from

Aprit, 1917, :

which our figure has been prepared was raised at Kew

from seed obtained from Messrs. Regel and Kesselring,

Petrograd, in 1913. The majority of the plants thus

raised flowered for the first time in 1915. In the Rock

Garden at Kew S. manshuriensis is in flower from July

to August. It has proved a hardy perennial, easy to

cultivate, which flourishes well in moist shady spots.

Description.—Herb, fleshy, scapigerous, with a short, stout rootstock.

Leaves several radical, long-petioled; lamina rounded-reniform, 2-23 in. long,

22-33 in. across, coarsely crenate, the teeth apiculate, dark green and glabrous

above, paler and sparingly finely pilose beneath, the margin very shortly

ciliolate ; petiole 4-53 in. long, hirsute, reddish. Scape solitary, about 14 in.

long, rather densely‘hirsute with gland-tipped hairs. “Panicle terminal, much

congested, subglobose, about 14 in. across; bracts linear, the lowest about in.

long, acute, reddish; pedicels densely glandular-pilose. Flowers usually

6-8-merous. Sepals reflexed, oblong lanceolate, somewhat obtuse, about

zy in. long, ciliate. Petals spathulate-oblong, slightly retuse, } in. long.

Stamens twice as many as the petals; filaments clavate, anthers shortly oblong.

Pistils red, free nearly to the base, shorter than the stamens, flask-shaped,

Tas. 8707.—Fig. 1, portion of under surface of leaf; 2, flower-bud; 8, open»

flower ; 4, calyx and pistil; 5 and 6, stamens; 7, sketch of an entire plant :—

all enlarged except 7, which is much reduced.

8708

1 ePT ta

Fa

eLJ EN Pitch hth Vincent Brosks, Dav& Sonlitimp

L.Reeve &C? London.

Tas. 8708.

CORYLOPSIS Witimorttas.

Western China.

FLAMAMELIDACEAE.

Coryopsis, Sieb. et Zucc.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 667.

Corylopsis Willmottiae, Rehd. et Wils. in Plant. Wils. vol. i. p. 425 (1913) ;

Bean, Trees &€ Shrubs, vol. i. p. 399; species C. Veitchianae, Bean, valde

affinis sed calyce fruetuque glabris, nectariis brevioribus, antheris luteis

inclusis facile distinguenda,

Frutez 2-4 m, altus; ramuli novelli graciles, glabri, anno sequente minute

lenticellati ; gemmae hiemales pallide virentes, lucidae, stipitatae. Folia

decidua, obovata vel ovata vel ovalia, 2°5-8°5 cm. longa, 1°2-3-7 em. lata,

acuta vel breviuscule acuminata, basi rotundata vel cordata, margine minute

remoteque denticulata, supra saturate viridia, glabra, subtus glauca primum

sericea demum fere glabra, nervi laterales utrinsecus 7-10; petiolus 1-2-

2°2 cm. longus, primum saepe sparse pilosus, demum glaber; stipulae

ovato-lanceolatae, 1°2-2°5 em. longae, purpurascentes, extra glabrae, intus

sericeae, cito caducae. lores odoratiin spicas pendulas, 5-7°5 em. longas,

circiter 20-floras congesti; rhachis pilosa; bracteae stipulares concavae,

9 mm. Jongae, extra glabrae, intus sericeae; bracteae florales breviores

utrinque pilosae. Calyx glaber, 5-lobus, basi breve turbinatus; lobi

rotundati,2 mm. longi. Petala suborbicularia, breviter unguiculata, dilute

lutea, 3-3°5 mm. lata. Stamina 5, petalis breviora; filamenta glabra,

versus basin dilatata; antherae intense luteae; nectaria 5, alte 2-fida, lobis

calycis breviora. Styli 2, glabri; stigmata recurva. Capsula subglobosa,

glabra, 2-locularis, 6 mm. longa. Semina anguste-ovoidea, nigra, nitida,

hilo albo notata.—C. multiflora, Hort. Willmott ; non Hance,—W. J. Bran.

The genus Corylopsis has its chief centre in China,

| whence it extends to the Eastern Himalaya on the one

hand, to Japan on the other. The various species are

charming in gardens for their early blossoming, their soft

yellow flowers and their gracious perfume. The species

which forms the subject of our illustration, C. Wilimottiae,

has all these qualities ; it grows freely, and so far it has,

since it reached this country, given no sign of being at

all tender. Like other members of the genus, however,

it is liable to suffer, when in flower, from late spring

frosts which mar its beauty though they do not affect its

growth. The introduction of C. Willmottiae horticulture

owes to Mr. E. H. Wilson, by whom it was first dis-

i: Arar, 1017. — s :

covered in 1908, south-west of Tachien-lu in Western

Szechuan, growing at altitudes of 6,000 to 7,5€0 feet.

Two years later Wilson collected seeds again in the same

locality, and from these seeds of 1910 most of the plants

now in cultivation were raised. The plant which has

provided the material for our plant was purchased for

Kew from Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons in 1913, and

flowered there in April, 1914. The species had, however,

blossomed two years previously in the garden of Miss

E. A. Willmott at Warley Place, and was exhibited by her

ata meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society in March,

1912, as C. multiflora, Hance, another Chinese species.

It ripened seeds at Kew in 1916. C. Willmottiae is more

closely allied to C. Veitchiana, Bean, figured at t. 8349 of

this work, than it is to @ multiflora, but from our plant

C. Veitchiana may be readily distinguished by its pilose

calyx and fruits, by its longer nectaries and by its

exserted red anthers.

Description.— Shrub, 6-12 ft. high; young branches slender, glabrous,

minutely lenticellate the second year; winter-buds pale shining green, stalked,

Leaves deciduous, obovate, ovate or oval, 1-8} in. long, 3-23 in. wide, rounded

or cordate at the base, acute or short acuminate, shallowly and widely denticu-

late; deep green and glabrous above, glaucous and at first silkily pilose beneath,

ultimately nearly or quite glabrous ; veins seven to ten on each side the midrib ;

petiole 3-4 in. long, glabrous, or at first slightly pilose ; stipules ovate-lanceo.

late, 3-1 in. long, purplish, glabrous outside, silky within, soon falling. Spikes

2-3 in. long, pendulous, carrying about twenty fragrant flowers; main axis

pilose ; stipular bracts concave, $ in. long, glabrous outside, silky-pilose within :

floral bracts smaller, pilose on both sides. Calyx glabrous, 5-lobed, the base

shortly turbinate, the lobes rounded, 34; in. long. Petals roundish, with a short

claw, soft yellow, 1-3. in. wide. Stamens 5, shorter than the petals, filaments

glabrous, dilated towards the base ; anthers dark yellow; nectaries 5, deeply

bifid, shorter than the calyx-lobes, Styles 2, glabrous; stigmas recurved,

Capsules 2-celled, subglobose, } in. long, glabrous. Seeds narrow-ovoid, black

and shiny; hilum white,

Tan. 8708.—Fig. 1, bract ; 2, flower ; 8 flower, calyx-lobes and petals removed ;

4, stamens and nectaries; 5, stamen; 6, pistil :—all enlarged,

8709

4

2

:

t

;

:

/

Vincent Brooks,Day &S onLifimp,

MS.del. JN Pitch lith.

LReeve &C°London,

Tab. 8709.

. VANDA Luzonica.

Philippine Islands,

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE.

Vanna, B. Br. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 578.

Vanda luzonica, Loher ew Rolfe in Orch. Rev. 1915, p. 187, fig. 12, et p. 871;

species V. tricolori, Lindl., affinis, caule breviore, floribus minoribus,

sepalis albis nec regulariter brunneo-maculatis distinguenda.

Herba epiphytica, 25-30 cm. alta. Caules crassi, erecti, vaginis foliorum

obtecti. Folia recurva, oblonga, brevissime biloba, coriacea, basi con-

duplicata, 15-35 cm. longa, 2°5-7 cm. lata. Scapt erecti, circiter

20 cm. longi, multiflori; bracteae orbiculari-obovatae, obtusae, patentes,

0-5-1 cm. longae; pedicelli 5-7 cm. longi. Flores speciosi, 5°5 em.

diametro. Sepala et petala patentia, obovata, obtusa, basi attenuata,

circiter 2°5 cm. longa. Labellum trilobum, basi saccatum, 2-2°5 em,

latum; lobus intermedius pandurato-oblongus, obtusus, convexus ;_ lobi

laterales erecti, auriculati. Colwmna lata, oblonga, circiter 4 mm. lata,

Pollinia 2; stipes oblongus; glandula late squamata. Capsula oblonga,

acute angulata, 6-7 cm. longa, longe pedicellata.—R. A. RoLFE.

The distinct and handsome Vanda here figured is a

native of the Philippines. It was collected in central

Luzon, in the Montalban district, by Mr. A. Loher in May,

1905, and dried specimens from this locality, accompanied

by a photograph and drawings, were presented by him to

the herbarium at Kew in 1906 under the name V. /uzonica.

That living plants had already been introduced to culti-

vation in Europe is shown by a reference to the fact that

the species, under this name, was then alive in the orchid

collection at Erlangen. The plant from which our figure

has been prepared was purchased for the orchid collection

at Kewin 1911 from Mr. ©. F. Karthaus, Potsdam. But

although the name V. luzonica was already in use among

orchid growers, no description of the species was pub-

lished until 1915, when a plant flowered in the collection

of Mr. H. Dixon, Sydney, New South Wales. A little

later in the same year it was exhibited in flower at the

Panama Exhibition. In November, 1915, it also flowered

in the collection of Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans,

May, 1917.

and in December, 1915, the Kew plant, too, flowered for

the first time in a tropical house where it had been

grown and had thriven well under the conditions suitable

for V. tricolor, Lindl., a species from Java, figured at

t. 4432 of this work, which is its nearest ally in the

genus. Though so closely related the two species differ

very markedly in coloration, the sepals and petals of

V. luzonica being white, not yellow, with a tinge or, at

times, a defined spot of purple towards the apex, but

with no trace of the brown blotches which characterise

the sepals and petals of V. tricolor.

Description.—Herb, epiphytic, 10-12 in. high; stem stout, erect, clothed

with leafy sheaths, Leaves recurved, oblong, shortly 2-lobed, coriaceous, con-

duplicate at the base, 6-14 in. long, 1-1} in. wide. Scapes erect, about 8 in.

long, many-flowered ; bracts orbicular-ovate, obtuse, spreading, }-2 in. long;

pedicels 2-2? in. long. Flowers showy, over 2 in. wide. Sepals and petals

spreading, obovate, obtuse, narrowed to the base, about 1in. long. Lip 3-lobed,

base saccate, 3-1 in. long, nearly? in. wide; mid-lobe pandurate-oblong, obtuse,

convex; lateral lobes erect, auriculate. Colwmn broad, oblong, about 3 in. wide.

Pollinia 2; stipe oblong; gland scale-like, broad. Capsule oblong, acutely

. angular, 2}-3 in, long, long-pedicelled.

Tas. 8709.—Fig. 1, lip and column; 2, column and base of lip; 8 and 4,

pollinarium, seen from in front and from behind; 5, sketch of an entire plant:

—all enlarged except 5, which is much reduced,

8710

Vincent Brooks, Day& Sonl.ttmp.

MS .del IN Fitch bith.

L Reeve &C° London.

Tab. 8710 a.

PYROLA ULIGINOSA.

North America.

EriIcacEAkE. Tribe PyroL.EAr,

Pyrota, Linn. ; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 602.

Pyrola uliginosa,Torr. d A. Gray ex Torr. Fl. New York, vol.i. p. 458, t. 69;

Britton é Brown, Ill, Fl. N. United States, vol. ii. p. 551, fig. 2729; ed. 2,

vol. ii. p. 669, fig. 83200; Andres in Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. vol. xxx.

p- 569, fig. I 4 et II 2,3; Rydberg in N. Amer. Flora, vol. xxix. p. 23 ;

species P. rotundifoliae, Linn., affinis, foliis tenuioribus haud nitidis,

floribus paulum minoribus rubro-purpureis et calyce breviore distinguenda.

. Herba perennis, caudice longo repente ramoso. Caulis brevissimus. Folia

suborbicularia vel ovato-elliptica, apice rotundata vel raro subacuta, basi

leviter cuneata et interdum inaequalia, minute crenulata, ad 7 cm. longa

et 6 cm. lata, tenuia, glaberrima, supra atro-viridia, haud nitida, infra

pallidiora, interdum rubescentia ; petiolus ad 10 cm. longus, acute 8-angu-

latus. Scapus erectus, 1'5-3 cm. longus, glaber, striato-angulatus,

squamis 1-3 lanceolatis membranaceis 1°2-1'5 em. longis instructus,

Racemus 6-10 em. longus, laxe 5-20-florus ; bracteae lanceolatae, mem-

branaceae, roseolae, pedicellis subaequilongae ; pedicelli graciles, 4-7 mm.

longi. Flores nutantes, fragrantes. Calycis lobi ovato-triangulares vel ovato-

lanceolati, 2°5-3 mm. longi, basin versus 2 mm. lati, acuti. Corolla extra

praesertim vivide rubro-purpurea vel rosea, intus saepe pallide rosea, circiter

1*1 cm. lata. Petala obovata vel elliptica, plus minusve concava, apice

rotundata, 6-8 mm. longa,6-7 mm, lata. Stamina 10, conferta, adscendentia;

antherae purpureae vel roseae, loculis basi breviter mucronatis. Ovariwm

depresso-globosum, 5-lobum, glabrum ; stylus declinatus, 7-8 mm. longus,

apicem versus annulatus, stigmate 5-lobulato, Fructus depresso-globosus,

circiter 8 mm, diametro.—P. rotundifolia, Linn., var. uliginosa, A, Gray,

Man. Bot. ed. 2, p. 259, et Syn. Fl. N. Amer. vol. ii. pt. 1, ed. 2, p. 48.

P. rotundifolia yar. incarnata, A. Gray, ll.ce. p. 259 and p. 47, non var.

incarnata, DC. P. incarnata, Piper in Contrib. U.S. Nat. Herb. vol. xi.

p- 485, non Fisch. P. elata, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. N.S.

vol. viii, p. 270. P. asarifolia, Michx. var. incarnata, Fernald in

Rhodora, vol. vi. p. 178. Thelaia asarifolia, Alefeld in Linnaea, vol.

XXVili. p. 54, partim. 7’. bracteosa, Alefeld, l.c. p. 57, partim.—S. A, San.

This interesting and pretty plant, the Bog or Swamp

Wintergreen of North America, was originally described

from material collected by Dr. Knieskern at Oriskany,

Oneida County, New York, where it was found in

Sphagnum swamps. It is now known to be distributed

from Nova Scotia to New York, South Dakota, Colorado,

May, 1917,

Oregon, and from Washington to Alaska, in bogs, meadows

and copses. The material figured came in June, 1916,

from Mr. F. R. 8. Balfour, of Dawyck, Peeblesshire,

where the plant was grown from roots collected by him

in the Olympic Mountains, Washington. Pyrola uliginosa

belongs to the section Thelaia, characterised by having

the petals smooth, not tuberculate, at the base, ascend-

ing stamens, and a declinate style dilated near the apex

into a ring or collar, and contracted above into a stigma

of five erect lobules. The connivent stamens are directed

towards the upper petals, while the style curves sharply

away from them towards the lowermost petal, which forms

a kind of lip. To this section belongs the well-known

P. rotundifolia, Linn., distinguished from P. uliginosa by

its more coriaceous shining leaves, larger white flowers

and much longer calyx-lobes. The variety incarnata, DC.,

of P. rotundifolia (P. incarnata, Fisch.) of Eastern Asia

has rose-coloured or reddish flowers, and some botanists

have identified it with P. wliginosa, but it differs in its

more coriaceous shining leaves and longer calyx-lobes.

The North American P, asarifolia, Michx., is distinguished

by its suborbicular-reniform Jeaves, which are usually

more or less cordate at the base. The characters

distinguishing P. wliginosa from P. bracteata, Hook.,

are mentioned in the remarks on that species, a figure

of which is also given on t. 8710.

Descriprion.— Herb, perennial, with a long creeping rootstock; stem very

short. Leaves nearly orbicular or ovate-elliptic, apex rounded rarely somewhat

acute, base slightly cuneate and at times unequal, finely crenulate, up to 8 in.

long, 23 in. wide, thin, quite glabrous, dark green but not polished above, paler

and sometimes reddish beneath; petiole up to 4 in. long, sharply 8-angled.

Scape erect, 6-12 in. high, glabrous, ridged, with 1-3 lanceolate membranous

scales 3-3 in. long. Raceme 2}~4 in. long, laxly 5-20-flowered ; bracts lanceo-

late, membranous, flushed with rose, about as long as the slender, 3-1 in. long

pedicels, Flowers nodding, fragrant. Calyx 5-lobed; lobes ovate-triangular

or ovate-lanceolate, ;4-3 in. long, ;1; in. wide at the base, acute at the apex.

Corolla bright red-purple or rose-coloured, especially outside, within usually

pale rose, about } in. across; petals obovate or elliptic, concave, rounded at

the apex, }-} in. long, and nearly as wide. Stamens 10, approximated, ascend-

ing; anthers purple or rose, their cells shortly mucronate at the base. Ovary

depressed-globose, 5-lobed, glabrous; style declinate, about } in. long, annulate

at the apex; stigma 5-lobulate. Fruit depressed-globose, about 2 in. across,

Tas, 8710a.—Fig. 1, flower, with petals removed; 2, pistil; 8, transverse

section of ovary; 4, longitudinal section of ovary :—aill enlarged.

Tas. 87108.

PYROLA BRACTEATA.

North America.

EricackakE, Tribe Pyroueag.

Pyrota, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 602.

Pyrola bracteata, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Amer. vol. ii. p. 47; Piper in Contrib. U.S.

Nat. Herb. vol. xi. p. 485; Rydberg in N. Amer. Flora, vol. xxix. p. 23;

species P. uliginosae, Torr. & A. Gray, valde affinis, sed foliis saepissime

acutis minute denticulatis, bracteis majoribus, calycis lobis lanceolatis vel

triangulari-lanceolatis et petalis longioribus angustioribusque differt.

Herba perennis, caudice longo repente squamoso. Caulis ad 5 cm. longus.

Folia suborbicularia, late ovata vel elliptica, apice saepissime acuta, basi

subcordata, rotundata vel leviter cuneata, minute et remote denticulata, ad

8 cm. longa et 5 cm. lata, tenuia, glaberrima, supra atro-viridia, nitida, infra

pallidiora, saepe rubescentia ; petiolus ad 10 cm. longus, acute 3-angulatus,

Scapus erectus, 2-3 dm. longus, glaber, striato-angulatus, squamis 1-3

late lanceolatis membranaceis acuminatis 1°5-2 cm. longis instructus.

FRacemus 6-10 cm. longus, 10-25-florus; bracteae lanceolatae vel late

lanceolatae, membranaceae, acuminatae, saepe roseae, pedicellis longiores ;

pedicelli 5-8 mm. longi. Calycis lobi lanceolati vel triangulari-lanceolati,

circiter 4 mm. longi, basi 1°5-2 mm. lati, acuminati. Corolla vivide rubro-

purpurea vel rosea, 1°5-2 cm. lata. Petala elliptico-oblonga, apice rotun-

data vel subacuta, 8-10 mm. longa, circiter 5 mm. lata. Stamina 10,

conferta, adscendentia; antherae viridescenti-luteae, loculis basi conspicue

mucronatis. Ovariwm depresso-globosum, glabrum, 5-lobum; stylus

declinatus, 7-10 mm. longus, apicem versus annulatus, stigmate 5-lobulato.

Fructus depresso-globosus, 8 mm. diametro.—P. rotundifolia, Linn., var.

bracteata, A. Gray in Brewer & Wats. Bot. Calif. vol. i. p. 460, et Syn. Fl.

N. Amer. vol. ii. pt. 1, ed. 2, p. 48; Parsons & Buck, Wild Flowers of Calif.

p- 100. P. bracteata, var. Hillii, J. K. Henry in Torreya, vol. xiv. p. 32.

Lhelaia bracteosa, Alefeld in Linnaea, vol. xxviii. p. 57, partim.—S. A. SKAN.

The Indian Lettuce or Canker Lettuce of North-west

America, a figure of which accompanies our illustration

of Pyrola uliginosa, is also an interesting and pleasing

plant. The type of P. bracteata, all the flowers of which

are in bud, was collected by Dr. Scouler on the north-

west coast of North America; the precise locality has

not been recorded. The area it occupies is more

restricted than that occupied by P. uliginosa; it extends

from British Columbia to Idaho and California, in open

coniferous woods. The material for our illustration was

May, 1917,

communicated by Mr. F. R. 8S. Balfour, of Dawyck, who

lifted the roots in the valley of the Olympic Mountains

whence came the plant of P. uliginosa figured along with

P. bracteata. At Dawyck P. bracteata has been grown

along with P. uliginosa in a Vaccinium bed in a soil of

peat and leaf mould with sand admixed. The subsoil is

gravel; the bed is at the base of a steep bank covered

with high trees, and is in close proximity to a stream.

The site is thus well shaded and the atmosphere con-.

stantly moist. There are several points which render the

discrimination of P. bracteata from P. uliginosa far from

difficult, notwithstanding the resemblance they bear to

each other. In P. bracteata the leaves are usually acute and

the veins end in distinct, though minute marginal teeth.

The bracts in P. bracteata are larger, the calyx teeth are

longer and of a different shape; the petals are longer

and narrower, and when fully expanded give the flower a

2-lipped appearance ; moreover, the anthers are yellow,

not purple or rose as in P. wliginosa. Gray states that,

at times, the leaves of P. bracteata are variegated with

whitish bands. The two vernacular names are used,

according to Parsons and Buck, in California, where a

preparation possessing astringent properties is made

from the plant and is used medicinally as a tonic and

diuretic. :

—

Dxscription.—Herb, perennial, with a long creeping rootstock; stem up to

2 in. in theight. Leaves nearly orbicular, or ovate or elliptic, apex generally

acute, base subcordate, rounded or slightly cuneate, minutely and distantly but

distinctly toothed, up to 3 in. long and 2 in. wide, thin, quite glabrous, dark

green and shining above, paler and often reddish beneath; petiole up to 4 in.

long, sharply 3-angled. Scape erect, 8-12 in. high, glabrous, ridged, with 1-3

wide-lanceolate, membranous, acuminate scales, 2~3 in. long. Raceme 2}-4 in.

long, 10-25-flowered; bracts lanceolate, or wide-lanceolate, membranous,

acuminate, longer than the pedicels, often rose-coloured ; pedicels 1-} in, long.

Calyx 5-lobed; lobes lanceolate or triangular-lanceolate, acuminate, about

@ in. long, under 7; in. wide at the base. Corolla bright red-purple or rose-

coloured, 3-3 in. across; petals elliptic-oblong, rounded or somewhat acute,

3-3 in. long, about } in. wide. Stamens 10, aggregated, ascending; anthers

greenish-yellow, their cells distinctly mucronate at the base. Ovary depressed-

globose, glabrous, 5-lobed; style declinate, 3-2 in. long, annulate near the

apex ; stigma 5-lobulate. Fruit depressed-globose, about 4 in. across.

Tas. 8710 s.—Fig. 5, portion of margin of a leaf; 6, calyx and pistil; 7 and 8,

anthers :—all enlarged,

MS.del. JIN Fitch hth.

Vincent Brooks, Day &Sonl timp

L.Reeve &C° London.

Tas. 8711.

PLAGIOSPERMUM stnensz, forma BRACHYPODA.

Manchuria.

RosackEak, Tribe PRuNEAE.

PLaciosPeRMUM, Oliv. in Hook. Icon. Plant. vol. xvi. t. 1526 (1886); Engl. in

Engl. é Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenf. Nachtr., p. 186 (1897).

Plagiospermum sinense, Oliv. l.c.; A. Purpus in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr.

Gesellsch. vol. xii. p. i. cum icon. adv. (1908); Komarov in Act. Hort.

Petrop. vol. xxii. p. 554, t. 12 (1904); Grignan in Rev. Hort. 1904, p. 60;

De Wild. Icon. Hort. Then. vol. v. p. 89, t. 182 (1905); Vilmor. in Hort.

Vilmor. p. 21 (1906); M[ast.] in Gard. Chron. 1907, vol. xli. p. 65 (1907) ;

Mottet in Rev. Hort. 1907, pp. 152, 417, fig. 185, 186; affinis P. wniflorae,

Stapf (Prinsepiae uniflorae, Batal.), sed floribus flavis, pedicellis normaliter

multo longioribus, fructibus majoribus distincta.

Frutex fere 2 m. altus, virgato-ramosus; rami duorum generum, alii elongati,

stricti, spinosi, glabri, annotini cortice cinereo vel albido laevi obtecti, alii

admodum abbreviati, fasciculos foliorum gerentes; spini supra ramos

abbreviatos orti, patuli, recti vel vix recurvi, nune perbreves nune ultra

1 cm. longi. Folia lanceolata plerumque angustata, subacuta vel sub-

obtusa et saepe mucronata, basi longe in petiolum attenuata, integra,

1:5-2°5 cm. longa, 4-8 mm. lata, tenuia, glaberrima, supra pallide viridia,

infra glauca, venis plane obscuris; stipulae ramorum elongatorum lanceo-

lato-subulatae, demum induratae, ramorum abbreviatorum tenuiter fili-

formes, 2-3 mm. longae, purpurascentes, interdum sparse glanduligerae.

Flores cum foliis ramorum abbreviatorum dispositi, aurantiaco-fiavi ;

pedicelli sub anthesi circiter 1-1-5 cm., vel in forma culta brachypoda

2°5-3 mm. longi, glabri. Calyx late turbinatus ad 3 mm. altus, pallidus,

praeter cilia praesertim dentium herbaceorum apices induentia glaberrimus, -

intus disco carnosulo ad os in annulum producto vestitus. Petala orbi-

cularia, subdenticulata, breviter unguiculata, 3-4 mm. diametro. Stamina

10, disci annulo inserta ; filamenta antheras parvulas aequantes. Ovarium

in fundo receptaculi immersum, depresso-ellipsoideo-globosum, glaber-

rimum ; stylus lateralis vel in fructu subbasalis, e receptaculo breviter

exsertus, sursum sensim crassior; stigma depresso-capitatum; ovula 2,

collateralia, e placenta suprabasali oblique patentia, micropyle adaxiali

carunculo minuto subtecta. Drupa compressa-globosa, atropurpurea,

ruinosa, 8 mm. diametro; putamen sectione transversa elliptica; em-

ryonis radicula infera.—Prinsepia chinensis, Hallier f. in Abh. Nat. Ver.

Hamburg, vol. xviii. p. 8 (1903); Bean, Trees & Shrubs, p. 223, cum icon,

(1914); Rehder in Sarg. Plant. Wilson. vol. iv. p. 845 (1915).—O. Srapr.

The Manchurian genus Plagiospermum, Oliv., is closely

allied to the Himalayan genus Prinsepia, Royle; the two

have by some been regarded as sections of one genus.

They are, however, very distinct; in Prinsepia the buds

May, 1917,

are perulate, the leaves exstipulate, the stamens in-

definite with discrete anther-cells, the endocarp thin and

crustaceous ; in Plagiospermum the budscales are replaced

by persistent stipules, while the stamens are 2-seriate

with contiguous anther-cells, and the endocarp is thick

and stony. The material for our plate was supplied by

Sir F. W. Moore from a plant of Plagiospermum sinense,

which flowered at Glasnevin in February, 1916. This

plant, supplied by Mr. T. Smith, Newry, came originally

from Messrs. Regel and Kesselring, Petrograd. In

March, 1916, another plant flowered at Kew for the

first time. This plant was presented in 1908 by

Mr. P. L. de Vilmorin, who had received it from Russia.

In cultivation three somewhat distinct forms of P. sinense

are met with. One of these has large leaves with

relatively large flowers on long pedicels. The other two

have smaller leaves and flowers; one of the two has

fairly long, the other, here figured, has comparatively

short flower-stalks, whence the name brachypoda. All

are equally hardy out of doors in this country.

Description.—Shrub, 6-7 ft. high, virgately branched; twigs of two kinds,

the former long, strict, armed with spines, glabrous, clothed with last year’s

y or whitish smooth bark, the latter rather contracted, bearing clusters of

eaves ; the spines springing from above the short branches spreading, straight

or slightly curved, some very short, others over } in. long. Leaves usually

narrowly lanceolate, somewhat acute or obtuse, and often mucronate, base

gradually narrowed to the petiole, entire, 2-1 in. long, 1-} in. wide, thin, quite

glabrous, pale green above, glaucous beneath, nerves obscure; stipules of the

leaves on the longer branches lanceolate-subulate, at length indurated, of those

on the shorter branches thin, filiform, purplish, sometimes sparingly glandular.

Flower arranged among the leaves of the shorter branches, orange-yellow ;

pedicels in flower from }—3 in. long, or in the form brachypoda now figured only

yo-s in. long, glabrous. Calyx wide-turbinate, } in. deep, pale, quite glabrous

save for the cilia met with on the herbaceous teeth, clothed inside by a some-

what fleshy disk with an annular opening. Petals orbicular, somewhat denti-

culate, shortly clawed, 1-1 in. wide. Stamens 10, inserted on the disk-ring ;

filaments as long as the small anthers. Ovary immersed in the base of the

receptacle, depressed ellipsoid-globose, quite glabrous ; style lateral or in fruit

almost basal, slightly exserted from the receptacle, gradually thickened

upwards ; stigma depressed capitate ; ovules 2, collateral, spreading obliquely

from the supra-basal placenta; micropyle almost occluded by a small adaxial

caruncle. Drupe compressed globose, dark purple, pruinose, } in. wide; stone

elliptic in cross section ; radicle inferior.

Tas. 8711.—Fig. 1, flower; 2, the same, in section, the petals removed ;

8 and 4, anthers ; 4, pistil :—all enlarged.

8712

ae ow Cacia ope

aided deat wate CLES

— NAAN

f

‘asiauee ee

Me dal Yi Witch hth ie a |

M.S Oa. Ita Fitch hth. Vincent Brooks, Day & SonLt-amp.

L Reeve &C%l.ondon

Tab. 8712.

MYRSINE .AFrRIcana.

Africa, India, Chinté

Myrsinaceak. Tribe EumMYRSINEAE.

Myrsinz, Linn.; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 642.

Myrsine africana, Linn. Sp. Plant. ed. 1, p. 196; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed.

Schultes, p. 195; Lam. Encyc, Meth. t. 122; Duhamel, Traité des Arbres,

vol. ii. p. 242, t. 70; DC. Prodr. vol. viii. p. 93; Dyer, Fl. Cap.

vol. iv. sect. i, p. 434; Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. vol. iii. p. 498; Collett, Fl.

Simlensis, p. 804, fig. 94; species foliis parvis dentatis a caeteris

distinctissima.

Frutex dioicus, 0-6-1 m, altus, ramis minute puberulis vel fere glabris, brunneis,

Folia alterna, coriacea, glabra; petioli 1-2 mm. longi; lamina 0°5-2°5 em.

longa, 4-12 mm. lata, lanceolata, obovata vel elliptica, obtusa vel acuta,

apiculata, basi saepe cuneata, marginibus supra medium paucidentatis,

supra atro-viridia, nitida, subtus pallidiora. Flores unisexuales, 2-5 in

fasciculos axillares dispositi; pedicelli 0°5-1'5 mm. longi, glabri. Calyx

5-lobus, pallide brunneus, punctatus, masculi 1 mm. longus, foeminei

0°5-0°7 mm. longus; lobi ovati vel oblongi, obtusi vel acuti, minute

glanduloso-ciliati vel glabri. Corolla 1°5 mm. longa, campanulata,

4-5-loba, pallide brunnea, punctata; lobi floris masculi late ovati, floris

feminei anguste ovati, acuti, glanduloso-ciliati. Stamina 4-5, floris

masculi corolla duplo longiora, antheris 1°5 mm. longis violaceo-purpureis ;

floris feminei cum corolla aequilonga, abortiva. Ovariwm ovoideum, in

stylum attenuatum, a flore masculo absens ; stigma maximum, discoideum,

dentato-lobatum. Bacca globosa, glabra, violaceo-purpurea, nitida.—

N. E. Brown.

The species here figured has been in cultivation in

English gardens for more than two centuries. It is a

small evergreen of very neat appearance, and when in

fruit is singularly ornamental and pleasing. It is, more-

over, perfectly hardy, and the single plant in the Rock

Garden at Kew has grown there without any protection for

the past twenty years. It thrives in either a light loamy

or peaty soil and may be readily propagated by cuttings.

In spite of these recommendations it is but rarely

met with in collections and has been so little regarded

that no horticultural figure appears to have been pub-

lished. This is probably due to the fact that the plant

is strictly dioecious, and that growers who have not been

May, 1917,

at pains to procure both sexes have not appreciated how

attractive the female plant may be when in fruit. The

plant is interesting as being that on which Linnaeus

based the genus Myrsine; it is further interesting in

having a geographical range much wider than is usual in

the order Myrsinaceav. The original introduction to this

country was from the Cape of Good Hope, and samples

from that region were in cultivation at Hampton Court

in 1691; to Cape specimens also the species owes its

name WM. africana. Thence, however, it extends through

tropical Africa to Afghanistan and Northern India. A

figure based on a specimen from this region has been

given in the Flora Simlensis of Sir Henry Collett. It

occurs again in China whence it has been recently

re-introduced; most if not all the plants in modern

collections are of Chinese origin. The material from .

which our plate was prepared was obtained in May, 1916,

from the garden at Nymans, Handcross, Sussex, which

contains one of the finest and most comprehensive

collections of trees and shrubs in Britain, formed by the

late Mr. L. Messel, and carefully maintained by his

daughter. At Nymans two plants of M. africana of

different sexes grow close together; this has resulted in

the production of berries, hitherto a very rare event in

this country. This, however, is not the first occasion

on which J/. africana has fruited in England; it did so

at Abbotsbury in 1893 and again in 1898, as specimens

communicated to Kew in these years testify.

Description.— Shrub, dioecious, 24-3} ft. high; twigs finely puberulous or

nearly glabrous, brown. Leaves alternate, coriaceous, glabrous; petioles very

short, blade 3-1 in. long, }—1 in. wide, lanceolate, obovate or elliptic, obtuse or

acute, apiculate, base usually cuneate, margin sparsely toothed towards the

apex, dark green and polished above, paler beneath. Flowers 1-sexual, in

axillary clusters of 2-5; pedicels very short, glabrous. Calyx 5-lobed, pale’

brown, dotted, male 1, in. long, female rather smaller; lobes ovate or oblong,

obtuse or acute, finely glandular-ciliate or glabrous. Corolla ;; in. long,

campanulate, 4—5-lobed, pale brown, dotted; lobes in the male wide ovate, in

the female narrow ovate, acute, glandular-ciliate. Stamens 4-5, in the male

twice as long as the corolla, the violet-purple anthers }, in. long; in the female

not longer than the corolla and abortive. Ovary absent from the male ; in the

female ovoid, narrowed into the style; stigma very large, discoid, distinctly

lobed. Berry globose, glabrous, shining, violet-purple.

Tas. 8712.—Fig. 1, leaf; 2, flower; 3, calyx in section, showin he istil ;

4, corolla, laid open :—all enlarged. . = . :

8713

Ss

~~ ) a

“\

a

‘ee

ter

\

») Ae

* .

Vincent Brooks, Day & SonLitimp

MS.del. JN Fitch ith,

L Reeve & C°London.

, Tas. 8713.

AESCULUS TuRBINATA.

Japan.

HIppocasTANACEAE.

Arscutus, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 898

(Sapindaceae, subord. Sapindeae).

Aesculus turbinata, Blume in Rumphia, vol. iii. p. 195 (1887); Shirasawa,

Icon, Ess. For. vol. i.t. 71; Elwes d Henry in Trees of Gt. Brit. é Ireland,

- vol. ii. p. 221; Schneider in Handb. der Laubholzk. vol. ii. p. 246; Bean

in Gard. Chron. 1902, vol. xxxi. p. 187, fig. 58, et in Trees & Shrubs,

vol. i. p. 174; species A. Hippocastanum, Linn., in memoriam reducens sed

ab eo fructu obovato minore verrucis nec tamen aculeis notato et foliolis

margine minute aequabiliterque dentatis apte distinguenda.

Arbor ad 80 m. alta; truncus ad 2 m. crassus; gemmae perviscidae; cortex

annosus desquamatus; innovationes minute pubescentes. Folia decidua,

palmatim 5-7-foliolata; foliola sessilia obovato-cuneata, breviter acu-

minata, margine minute dentata, 10-25 cm. longa, 5-15 cm. lata, foliolo

centrali basalibus plus quam duplo majore ; supra saturate viridia, subnitida,

glabra ; subtus glaucescentia ad angulos costarum brunneo-floccosa ceterum

glabra; petiolus 7°5-25em.longus. Paniculae aestate ineunte florescentes

terminales, erectae, anguste pyramidatae, ad 25 cm. longae, basi ubi

latissimae ad 8°5 cm. latae; rhachis pedicellique minute pubescentes ;

flores singuli 1:5 cm. expansi. Calyx pubescens, campanulatus, 5-lobus ;

lobi rotundati, ciliati. Petala 4, suborbicularia,. abrupte unguiculata,

reflexa, supra pubescentia, margine ciliata, macula centrali primum lutea

demum dilute rubicunda notata, ceterum gilva. Stamina ad normam

7, valde exserta ; filamenta gracilia, decurva, 1:5 cm. longa, Ovariwm

styloque pubescens. Capsula obovoidea, 8-locularis, demum 3-valvis,

5 cm. longa, fere 5 cm. lata, verrucosa. Semina saturate brunnea, nitida,

2°2-3°8 cm. lata.—A. sinensis, Hort. ex Gard. Chron. 1889, vol. v.

p. 716, fig. 116. A. chinensis, Hort., non Bunge. A. japonica, Hort.—

W. J. Bran.

The Horse Chestnut here figured is a native of Japan

which is less often met with in collections than its merits

deserve. Where it is grown it is not infrequently con-

fused with its Chinese congener, Aesculus chinensis, Bunge,

and in such cases the name may be further erroneously

transcribed. Even when the fact that it is not the tree

described by Bunge is appreciated, the practice has

obtained of terming it A. japonica, a name for which

there 18 no authority. The nearest ally of A. turbinata,

June, 1917, oe

the Japanese Horse Chestnut, is the European A. Hippo-

castanum, Linn., itself ; from that familiar tree it is well

distinguished by the smaller, obovate, and warted, but

not spiny capsules, and by the finely and more evenly

toothed edges of the leaflets. In its foliage A. turbinuta

is the noblest of all the Horse Chestnuts ; young trees at

Kew carry leaves which, with their stalks, are sometimes

twenty-seven inches long. One merit of this Japanese

Species is that it flowers somewhat later than the

common Horse Chestnut. For the material from which

our plate has been prepared we are indebted to Lieut.-Col.

Sir George Holford. The tree from which it was gathered

is growing close to his residence at Westonbirt, and is

about thirty feet high, with a trunk two feet nine inches

in girth, and a rounded crown of branches thirty feet

across. This tree and another larger one at Westonbirt

we believe to be the largest of their kind in the

country. They were planted, Sir George informs us, by

the late Mr. R. S. Holford about thirty-four years ago.

In autumn the leaves turn clear golden yellow, then

brown. These trees produce seeds from which young

plants have been raised.

Description.—Tree, at its largest 100 ft. high and 20 ft. in girth of trunk;

bark of old trees scaling; winter buds very viscid; young shoots minutely

‘ pubescent. Leaves 5-7-foliate, deciduous; leaflets sessile, 4-15 in, long, 2-6 in.

wide, the terminal leaflets more than twice the size of the basal pair; obovate-

cuneate, shortly acuminate, finely serrate; deep bright green and glabrous

above, glaucescent and with axil-tufts of pale brown tomentum beneath ;

petiole 3-16 in. long. Panicles terminal, erect, slenderly pyramidal, up to

10 in. long by 3} in. wide at the base; rachis and pedicels finely pubescent.

Flowers 2 in. in diameter, opening in late May. Calyx pubescent, campanulate,

5-lobed ; the lobes rounded, ciliate. Petals 4, subrotund with a narrow claw,

reflexed, creamy-white with central-blotches of yellow which turn pink with

age; pubescent above, ciliate. Stamens usually 7, much exserted; filaments

slender, decurved, $ in. long. Ovary and style pubescent. Fruit an obovoid,

8-celled, leathery capsule, 2 in. in length and width, the thick 3-valved pericarp

covered with brown warts. Seeds dark shining brown, 1-1} in. wide.

Tas, 8713,—Fig. 1, part of a leaflet ; 2, flower ; 3, calyx; 4,a petal; 5 and

6, anthers; 7, pistil; 8, an abortive pistil ; 9, fruit; 10, seed ;—all enlarged

except 9 and 10, which are of natural size,

8714

Vincent Brooks, Day&S on Lttimp.

L.Reeve &C?London.

-— Tas. 8714.

STAUROPSIS Imruvrnu.

Solomon Islands.

OrcHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE.

Sravropsis, Benth.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p- 572.

Stauropsis Imthurnii, Rolfe; species insignis, a speciebus adhuc notis foliis

longissime arcuatis et inflorescentiis amplissimis laxe paniculatis differt.

c Herba epiphytica. Caulis erectus, brevis, crassus, 3°5 cm. latus. Folia arcuata,

crasso-coriacea, elongato-ligulata, acuta, 7°5-10 dm. longa, 5-7°5 em. lata,

basi in vaginis amplexicaulibus dilatatis, imbricata. Scapus erectus, laxe

paniculatus, circiter 1 m. altus; ramuli 10-20 em. longi, laxe multiflori ;

bracteae breves, patentes, late ovatae, obtusae, 2°5-3 cm. longae ; pedicelli

1 cm. longi. Flores modiocres, subcarnosi, 3°5-4 cm. diametro. Sepala

et petala patentia, subspathulato-obovata, obtusa, 1°5-2 em. longa.

Labellum breviter unguiculatum, carnosum, trilobum, medio saccatum,

x 0°5-0°7 cm. longum ; lobi laterales erecti, orbiculari-oblongi, circiter 3 m.

longi; lobus intermedius inflexus late oblongus, obtusus, prominenter

carinatus. Colwmna lata, 0°8 cm. longa. Pollinia obovoideo-oblonga ;

stipes late oblongus ; glandula squamiformis.—R. A. Rours.

This fine Stauwropsis is remarkable for its exceptional size

and its ample lax panicle of white flowers with violet blue

markings on the lip. A native of the Solomon Islands,

Kew is indebted for the plant to Sir Everard im Thurn,

who met with it in 1905 when visiting that Archipelago

on H.M.S. “ Torch,” as Governor of Fiji and High Com-

missioner of the Western Pacific. At Langa Langa, on

the west coast of Mala (Malaita) Island, an opportunity

was afforded of botanising in the bush. In a forest with

many large canopy trees but little undergrowth, the plant

figured was found on a fallen trunk on which grew a

dense mass of other orchids with ferns and grasses; it

: bore the remains of a fairly recent flower-spike. On

reaching Fiji it was planted on a topped tree fern under

a “bush house” in the gardens of Government House.

1. wee It showed no sign of a new flower-spike until May, 1908.

This spike was under a foot long in August, 1909, when

a it began to develop more rapidly, but still showed no

June, 1917, : :

tendency to branch. In March, 1910, Fiji was ravaged

by a violent hurricane. The Stauropsis was rescued

from the “bush house” by Mr. D. Yeoward, Curator

of the Fiji Botanic Station, and brought intact to

the ruins of Government House, where it was fastened

for safety underneath a billiard table. After the storm

it was reinstalled on its old tree-fern stem, and during

the next seven months its spike branched to some extent,

and produced two rather poor flowers. In November,

1910, it was brought from Fiji by Sir Everard, and after

a journey across Canada was sent from Liverpool to

Kew, where it has since thriven well in the Tropical

Orchid House, coming once more into flower in September,

1916. During flowering the prolonged development of

the spike described by Sir Everard as regards 1903-10

has been equally manifest, but during 1914-16 branching

has been more extensive. As in 1905 the plant gave

evidence of having flowered during 1904, it is possible

that in S. Imthurnii we may have a species which flowers

only at definite periods. In keeping with this suggestion

is the fact that in October, 1910, an imperfect dried

specimen, accompanied by a sketch of a plant of this

Stauropsis, was received at Kew from Mr. C. M. Woodford,

then British Resident at Tulagi, Solomon Islands.

Mr. Woodford found his plant in August, 1910, when the

flowering period appeared to be nearly over, on the north

side of Ysabel Island, and has noted that he had met

with the species once before, but that on the first occasion

it was not in flower.

Description.—Herb, epiphytic; stem short, stout, erect, 14 in. thick.

Laves arcuate, firmly coriaceous, elongate-ligulate, acute, 24-4 ft. long,

2-3 in. wide, imbricate and dilated at the base into stem-clasping sheaths.

Scape erect, laxly paniculately branched, about 8 ft. long; branches 4-8 in.

long, loosely many-flowered; bracts short, spreading, wide ovate, obtuse,

1-1} in. long, pedicels over 2 in. long. Flowers medium-sized, somewhat

fleshy, 13-1} in. wide. Sepals and petals spreading, subspathulate-ovate,

obtuse, 2-3 in. long. Lip short-clawed, fleshy, 3-lobed, saccate in the middle,

3-3 in. long; lateral lobes erect, orbicular oblong, about } in. long; mid-lobe

inflexed, wide oblong, obtuse, prominently keeled. Colwmn broad, } in. long.

Pollinia obovoid-oblong ; stipe wide-oblong ; gland scale-like.

Tas. 8714.—Fig. 1, lip and column; 2, part of the lip, showing the sac; _

3, anther-cap; 4, pollinarium; 5, sketch of an entire plant :—all enlarged

except 5, which is much reduced.

Day&SonIt*imp:

,

Vincent Brooks

L-Reeve &C?London.

M.S del. JN.Fitch lith

Tas. 8715.

CAMPANULA Epuesta.

Asia Minor.

CAMPANULACEAE. ‘Tribe CAMPANULEFAE.

Campanuta, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 561.

Campanula Ephesia, Boiss. Fl. Orient. vol. iii. p. 898; species pulcherrima

is C. tomentosae, Vent., sed robustior, foliis floribusque duplo vel

“yee majoribus et corolla late campanulata nec tubuloso-campanulata

iffert.

Herba perennis, ubique albo-tomentosa; caulis 30-45 cm. longus, ad 6 mm.

crassus, decumbens. olia radicalia 10-21 cm. longa, lyrata, segmentis

lateralibus decurrentibus omnibus oblongis obtusis integris vel obtuse

dentatis inferioribus minoribus, superioribus 1-2 cm. longis, 0°7-2 cm. latis

ellipticisque obtuse dentatis, segmento terminali 2-6 em. longo, 1°5-4°5 em:

lato, ovato vel elliptico-ovato obtuso, obtuse dentato vel obtuse lobato

dentatoque; folia caulina superiora sessilia, 1°8-4°5 cm. longa, anguste

oblonga, lanceolata vel ovato-lanceolata, acuta, dentata. Flores secundo-

racemosi vel secundo-paniculato-racemosi; pedicelli 0°5-1°5 em. longi.

Calyx 5-lobus, appendicibus cum tubo aequilongis; lobi 1°5-2 em. longi,

deltoidei, acuminati. Corolla 4-4°5 cm. longa, 3°5-4 cm. diametro, late

campanulata, lobis 1 cm. longis latissime ovatis subacutis recurvis, intus

glabra, extra albo-tomentosa, coerulea. Stamina alba; filamenta basi

latissime ovato-dilatata, ciliata. Ovariwm breviter et late obconicum,

5-loculare; stigmata 5, revoluta, viridia.—C. tomentosa, Lam. Encyc.

Meth. vol. i. p. 584, ex parte; non Vent.—N. E. Brown.

The handsome Campanula here figured is a native of

the province of Aidin in Asia Minor, where it has been

collected in the neighbourhood of the ruins of Ephesus

and Priene. Its nearest ally appears to be C. tomentosa,

Vent., a native of Greece. The Ephesian plant is, how-

ever, of more robust habit and has larger leaves and

flowers than the Grecian one; the corolla in C. Ephesia,

the subject of our plate, is from twice to thrice as wide

as that of C. tomentosa, and is much less tubular in form.

The introduction of this species horticulture owes to

Sir J. N. Barran, Bart., by whom a living plant was

brought to England from Priene, where it had been

_ found by him in May, 1913. This plant was kept in a

_ potin light soil, mainly sand, with some scraps of lime-

- June, 1917,

stone on the surface and lightly watered, in a cool house

at Sawley Hall, Ripon, until the following summer, when

it was transferred to an open alley roofed with glass.

Under this treatment the plant throve well, and in 1915

it was possible to divide it, one of the plants so obtained

being presented to Kew in February, 1916. From this

example, which was grown at Kew in a pot of ordinary

loam, and flowered there in a cool frame in June and

July, 1916, the figure of C. Ephesia here given was pre-

pared. A plant at Sawley Hall flowered synchronously

with the example at Kew. While in flower the Kew

plant was carefully pollinated, but failed to set any

seeds; soon after flowering it died. Sir John Barran

informs us that the plant which flowered at Sawley Hall

did the same, but in this case a few seeds were developed

and saved. There appears to be no record of any

previous introduction of this species to English gardens ;

whether its permanent establishment can be effected

seems as yet doubtful.

Drscription.— Herb, perennial, uniformly white-tomentose ; stem 1-13 ft.

high, up to } in. thick, decumbent. Leaves more or less lobulate; radical

4-8 in. long, lyrate, with oblong obtuse entire or bluntly toothed decurrent

lateral segments decreasing in size downwards, the upper segments 3—3 in.

long, }-3? in. wide, elliptic and bluntly toothed, the terminal segment 3-21

in. long, 3-13 ia. wide, ovate or elliptic-ovate, obtuse, bluntly toothed or bluntly

lobed and toothed; upper stem leaves sessile, }-13 in. long, narrow oblong,

lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, toothed. Flowers in secund racemes or

panicles ; pedicels 3-3 in. long. Calyx 5-lobed, its appendages as long as the

tube; lobes 2-3 in. long, deltoid acuminate. Corolla 13-1} in. long, 14-13 in.

across, wide campanulate; lobes 3 in. long, wide ovate, subacute, recurved,

glabrous within, white tomentose outside, deep blue. Stamens white; filaments

with wide ovate, dilated, ciliated bases, Ovary shortly broadly obconic,

5-locular; stigmas 5, revolute, green,

Tas. 8715.—Fig. 1, stamen; 2, apex of style and stigmas :—both enlarged.

8716

Vincent Brooks,Day&Seon Le imp:

MS.del JN Fitch.lith.

L.Reeve &C?London.

Tas. 87 16.

DISANTHUS cERcIDIFOLIA.

Japan.

HAMAMELIDACEAE.

Disantuus, Maxim. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 1005.

Disanthus cercidifolia, Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Pétersb. vol. x. p. 485 (1866) ;

Sargent in Forest Flora of Japan, t. 15; Mottet in Rev. Hort. 1910,

p. 362, fig. 148 ; Schneider, Laubholzk, vol. i. p. 425; Bean, Trees d Shrubs,

vol. i. p. 499; species unica.

Frutex 2-3-metralis ; rami graciles, patuli; ramuli brunnei, glabri, lenticellati.

Folia decidua, alterna, glaberrima, late ovata vel subrotundata, acuta vel

obtusa, basi cordata vel truncata, margine integra, 5-nervia, 5-10 cm.

longa, 4-8 em. lata, primum intense viridia auctumno exacto aurantiaco-

kermesina ; petiolus 2°5-6cm. longus. Flores bini, sessiles, arcte sedentes,

pedunculo communi 6 mm. longo auctumno jam adulto a ramulo annotino

gemmato suffulti. Calyx 5-lobus; lobi ovato-oblongi, recurvi. Petala 5,

subulata, sordide kermesino-purpurea, 6-9 mm. longa. Stamina 5, calycis

lobis parum breviora, Styli 2. Capsula dura, demum lignosa, obovoidea,

2-locularis. Semina in quoque loculo plura, intense brunnea, nitida,

3 mm. longa.—W. J. Bran.

Disanthus is an interesting genus of the Hamameli-

daceae, established in 1866 by Maximowicz on the

species now figured. So far as is known at present it is

monotypic. From the other genera of this natural

family, Disanthus is well dist nguished by the arrange-

ment of the flowers, which are sessile and set, base

to base, on two-flowered shortly peduncled capitula.

D. cercidifolia is described by Sargent as being not rare

in the Kisogawa valley in Central Hondo, covering steep

hillsides with thickets sometimes a quarter of an acre in

extent. It has been in cultivation about twenty years,

but does not appear to have blossomed often. For the

flowering twigs now figured we are indebted tv Mr. H. W.

Grigg of Cann House, near Plymouth, where, in a very

extensive and admirably cultivated collection of choice

trees and shrubs, a healthy plant about 6 ft. high

flowered last October. The flowers are of a lurid, un-

JuNnE, 1917,

attractive hue, and they have a faint, not pleasant

odour; but the shrub, as our plate shows, has a real

value for the rich autumnal tints of its foliage. At Kew

it has, in this respect, proved one of the most attractive

of newer shrubs. It likes a sunny spot and alight loamy

or peaty soil. In the absence of seeds it can be increased

by layers. The leaves depicted were drawn during the

last week of October, 1916, and show the autumnal

colouring.

_Description.—Shrub, 6-10 ft. high, with slender, spreading branches ; twigs

brown, glabrous, sprinkled with pale lenticels. Leaves deciduous, alternate,

entire, quite glabrous, broadly ovate to roundish, cordate or truncate at the

base, blunt or acute at the apex, 5-nerved, 2-4 in, long, nearly to quite as wide ;

deep green in summer changing to a rich red suffused with orange in autumn ;

petiole 1-2} in. long. Flowers 3 in. wide, sessile, two of them set back to back

at the summit of a peduncle } in. long and produced in October from the shoots

of the preceding summer. Calyz 5-lobed, the lobes ovate-oblong, recurved.

Petals 5, subulate, dull crimson-purple, z-8 in. long. Stamens 5, scarcely as

long as the calyx-lobes. Styles2. Fruit a 2-celled; obovoid, ultimately woody

a » in. long, Seeds several in each cell, very dark brown, shining,

3 in. long.

Tas. 8716.—Fig. 1, a pair of flowers; 2, calyx in vertical section; 8 and 4,

anthers; 5, disk-gland; 6, ovary :—all enlarged,

8717

Vincent Brooks, Day &S onLi timp

MS .del. JNFitch ith

L.Reeve &C°London

Tas. 8717.

PINUS TUBERCULATA.

Western North America.

CoNIFERAE. Tribe ABIETINEAE.

Pinus, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 438.

Pinus tuberculata, Gord. in Jowrn. Hort. Soc. Lond. vol. iv. p. 218 cum icon,

(1849) e¢ Pine. p. 211; ed. 2, p. 288; Carriére, Trait. Conif. ed. 2,

p- 441 (1867) pro parte; Parlatore in DC. Prodr. vol. xvi. pars ii. p. 394

(1868) pro parte; Engelm. in Brewer ¢ Wats. Bot. Calif. vol. ii. p. 128

(1880) ; Ravenscroft, Pinet. Brit. vol. i. p. 93, t. 13 et figs. 1-13 (1884) ;

Masters in Gard. Chron. 1885, vol. xxiv. p. 786, figs. 183, 184; Kent in

Vettch Man. Conif. p. 386 (1900) ; Sargent in Bot. Gaz. vol. xliv. p. 226

(1907); Betssner, Handb. Nadelholzk. p. 270; ed. 2, p. 381 (1909);

Clinton-Baker, Ill. Conif. (1910), vol. i. p. 57 cum icon. (1909); Elwes &

Henry in Trees of Great Brit. ¢ Irel. vol. v. p. 1077 (1910) ; Jepson, Silv.

Calif. p. 102, t. 28, figs. 8, 4 (1910); Bean, Trees ¢ Shrubs, vol. ii.

p- 193 (1914): non D. Don; species P. radiatae D. Don, affinis sed habitu

et conis magis elongatis glomeratis et trunco appressis e squamarum

umbone breviter crasse spinosis distincta.

Arbor plerumque 6-7 m. alta, cum trunco 30 cm. crasso, rarius 25-30 m.

altitudine attingens et tunc truncus triplo crassior; rami e basi patenti-

adscendentes comam late pyramidalem aetate depressam depauperatam

formantes ; cortex primo laevis, brunneus, aetate nigrescens et irregulariter

in squamas amplas solutus. Gemmae hibernantes cylindricae, 2-2°5 cm.

longae, 6 mm. diametro, castaneae vel purpurascentes, resinosae, squamis

praeter infimas arcte adpressis lanceolatis subulato-acuminatis copiose

longiuscule fimbriatis. Folia terna, fasciculata, fasciculis basi squamis

vaginantibus hyalino-scariosis primo brunnescentibus demum fuscescentibus

vel griseis circumdatis, acicularia, subpungentia, 8-18 cm. longa, 1°5 mm.

lata, ad margines tenuissime serrulata, rigida, pallide vel obscure viridia,

dorso convexa, facie sicca inter margines et costam sulcata. Strobilt

mascult eylindrici, circiter 1°5 cm. longi, 4 mm. diametro, castanei.

Strobili foeminei 2-4 in fasciculos congesti, sub anthesi ovoideo- vel

ellipsoideo-globosi, 1°2-1°5 em. longi. Carpella rotundato-ovata, quam

squamae ovuliferae jam sub anthesi multo breviora ; squamulae ovuliferae

late ovatae, superne incrassatae et abrupte spinuloso-acuminatae. Conti

deflexi et saepe ramo arcte appressi, ambitu oblique elongato-ovati vel

ovato-oblongi, 7°5-15 cm. longi, 5-6 cm. diametro, castanei; squamae

maturae spatulato-cuneatae, arctissime contiguae, lignosae, intermediae

dorsales 4°5-5 cm. longae, superne ad 1°2 cm. latae, ventrales multo

minores ; hypophyse rhombica transverse tenuiter carinata, umbone e basi

lata crassa breviter incurvo-spinosa. Semina obovoidea, 6 mm. longa,

nigrescentia, ala late lineari-oblonga, apice obliqua, 2-2°25 cm. longa,

6-8 mm. lata, albida vel brunnescente striis striolisque rufescentibus

notata.—P. californica, Hartweg in Journ. Hort. Soc. London, vol. ii. p. 189

Juny, 1917. :

°

(1847): non Hook. et Arn. P. attenuata, Lemmon in Mining & Scientific

Press, Jan. 16, 1862; in Garden & Forest, vol. v. p. 65 and in Erythea,

vol. i, p. 231; Sargent, Silva N. Am. vol. xi. p. 107 (1897).—O. Sarr.

The Pine here figured is the Knob-Cone Pine of

western North America which extends from the valley of

the Mackenzie River in Oregon to the southern slopes of

the San Bernardino Mountains in California. It occurs

in somewhat isolated localities, often in fairly lofty and

exposed situations, where its smaller size and inferior

appearance have given rise to the alternative name of

Scrub Pine. A remarkable feature of the species in all

its localities is the indefinite persistence of its tightly

closed cones. Jepson records a limb, five and a half feet

long, secured by him in the Santa Lucia Mountains,

California, bearing forty-five cones ; in the Museum at

Kew is preserved a portion of a branch, four feet long,

from a tree grown at Bayfordbury, which carries more

than forty cones. The seeds thus imprisoned by the

scales retain their vitality for many years, and it has

been said that cones never discharge their seeds until the

tree, or a least the branch on which they are borne, dies.

This is not always the case, for after some successive

days of great heat cones that are four or five years old

may open and allow their seeds to fall. Ordinarily

however, the cones remain unopened until subjected to

the heat resulting from a forest-fire, when the scales

come apart and the seeds thus liberated afforest the

devastated area. When first discovered by Hartweg

in 1847 in the Santa Cruz Mountains, California, the

Knob-Cone Pine was mistaken for that form of the

Monterey Pine, P. radiata, D. Don, to which Don had

given the name P. tuberculata, and when Gordon drew

up his account of this tree his descri ption included along

with it the tree which Don had named P. tuberculata.

Lemmon, who first set matters right, proposed the name

P. attentuata for Hartweg’s tree ; most authors, however,

have preferred to accept the transfer of the name

P. tuberculata to the Knob-Cone Pine. The material for

our plate was provided by a tree in the Pinetum at Kew,

one of a pair planted by Sir J. D. Hooker some forty years

ago; though quite healthy and perfectly hardy these are

sigieiaiee” as

now only about twenty-five feet high. From what has

been said above it would appear to be necessary, if seed

for propagation is to be obtained from cultivated trees, to

expose the ripe cones for a short time to considerable heat.

Description.—T ree, usually 20-25 ft. high, with a trunk 1 ft. in diameter,

occasionally reaching 80-100 ft. in height and with a trunk twice as thick ;

branches somewhat spreading to form a broadly pyramidal crown which

becomes thinner and flatter with age; bark~at first smooth and brown, with

age blackish and peeling in broad flakes. Wéinter-buds cylindric, 3-1 in. long,

? in. across, chestnut-brown or purplish, ‘resinous; bud-scales with the

exception of the lowest closely appressed, lanceolate, subulate-tipped, rather

deeply and freely fimbriate. Leaves in clusters of threes, encircled at the base

by hyaline-scarious sheathing scales which are at first brownish but ultimately

tawny or grey; individual leaves acicular, almost pungent, 3-7 in. long, ; in.

wide, with very finely serrulate edges, rigid, pale or dull green, convex on the

back, furrowed when dry between the midrib and margins along the face.

Male cones cylindric, about 2;in. long, + in. wide, chestnut-brown. Female

cones aggregated in clusters of 2-4, in flower ovoid- or ellipsoid-globose, 1-2 in.

long. Carpels rounded-ovate, even in flower much shorter than the ovuliferous

scales, which are wide ovate, thickened upwards and abruptly spinulose at the

tip. Cones when ripe deflexed and often closely appressed to the branches, in

outline obliquely elongate-ovate or ovate-oblong, 3-6 in. long, 1-2} in. thick,

chestnut brown; ripe scales spathulate-cuneate, very close-set, woody, the

central on the outer face of the cone 13-2 in. long, } in. wide near the top, those

on the inner face of the cone much smaller; hypophysis rhombic with a fine

transverse keel; umbo shortly incurved, spinescent from a broad base. Seeds

obovoid, } in. long, blackish, broadly winged ; wing oblique at the apex, 3-1 in.

long, 3-3 in. wide, white or brownish, marked with thicker and finer reddish

es.

Tas. 8717.—Fig. 1, portion of a leaf; 2, young male inflorescence; 8, young

male cone; 4, male flower; 5, portion of tardily dehiscent female cone; 6 and 7,

seed :—all enlarged, except 2 and 6, which are of natural size.

8718

MS.delJNFitchlith = ae nied Vincent Brooke, Day &SonLtimp.

L.Reeve & C9London.

Tas. 8718.

ODONTOGLOSSUM PLatTycHEILuUM.

Guatemala.

OrcumwacEaz. Tribe VANDEAE.

Ovontoctossum, H. B. et K.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 561.

Odontoglossum’ platycheilum, Weathers in Gard. Chron. 1892, vol. xi.

p. 587, fig. 35; Rolfe, l.o. vol. xii. p. 35, et in Orch. Rev. 1906, pp. 61, 95,

827; species distinctissima, ab O. mazillare, Lindl., sepalis petalisque

aequalibus, labello amplissimo et rubro-maculato differt.

Herba epiphytica, rhizomate subscandente; pseudobulbi anguste ovoideo-

oblongi, 5-7 cm. longi, apice monophylli, basi vaginis amplis obtecti.

Folia ligulata, subobtusa, subcoriacea, basi attenuata, 15-28 cm. longa,

2-3em. lata. Scapi axillares, erecti, 10-14 cm. longi, pauciflori, basi vaginis

paucis obtecti; bracteae ovatae, subacutae, circiter 1 cm. longae; pedicelli

3-4 cm. longi, triquetri. Flores speciosi, rosei, labello rubro-maculato.

Sepala oblongo-lanceolata, acuta, dorso carinata, 2-2°5 em. longa. Petala

oblongo-lanceolata, acuta, 2-2°5 cm. longa. Labellwm unguiculatum, late

ovatum, obtusum, 8-3°5 cm. diametro, margine repando, basi crista biloba

instructa. Columna clavata, 1°5 em. longa, alis angustissimis.—Odonto-

glossum sp., Hemsl. Biol. Centr. Amer., Bot., vol. iii. p. 278.—R. A. Ronre,

The handsome QOdontoglossum here figured is a native

of Guatemala, originally described as O. platycheilum

from a solitary plant which had flowered in March, 1892,

in the collection of Mr. R. I. Measures of Camberwell.

The county of origin of that example was then unknown ;

all that was known regarding it was that it had been

acquired along with some other orchids when the

Downside collection was dispersed. More than a decade

later a specimen of the same species were received at

Kew in a collection of dried plants communicated by

Mr. J. Donnell Smith. This specimen had been gathered

by Heyde and Lux in April, 1892, at an elevation of

8,800 feet, at Chiul in the department of Quiche,

Guatemala; it is now known that a fruiting specimen

collected by Bernoulli in Guatemala in May, 1860, belongs

to the same species. In 1905 Messrs. Sander and

Sons, St. Albans, were able to make an importation of

this Odontoglossum, which since then has flowered fre-

Juxy, 1917,

quently in various collections. The material for our

figure has been derived from a plant purchased from

Messrs. Sander, which has thriven well under the con-

ditions suitable for O. crispum and has flowered annually

in May. In the genus, O. platycheilum is very distinct

and indeed somewhat aberrant; its nearest ally is

O. mazillare, Lindl., a species figured at t. 6144 of this

work,

Description.—Herb, epiphytic; rootstock almost scandent; pseudobulbs

narrowly ovoid-oblong, 2-23 in. long, 1-foliate, clothed below with large sheaths,

Leaves ligulate, rather blunt, firm, narrowed to the base, 6-11 in, long, 3-1} in.

wide. Scapes axillary, erect, 4-5} in. long, few-flowered, with a few basal

sheaths; bracts ovate, subacute, about 2 in. long; pedicels 14-13 in. long,

8-quetrous. Flowers showy, rose-coloured, the lip blotched with carmine.

nad oblong-lanceolate, acute, keeled on the back, 3-1 in. long. Petals

oblong-lanceolate, acute, {-l1in. long. Lip clawed, wide ovate, obtuse, 13-1}

in. across, margin repand, crested at the base, crest 2-lobed. Column clavate,

% in. long, narrowly winged.

Tas. 8718.—Fig. 1, base of the lip, showing the crests; 2, column ;

8, pollinarium; 4, transverse section of ovary :—all enlarged.

MS.delJ N Fitch lith

Tas. 8719.

OREOCHARIS Forresttr.

China.

GESNERIACEAE. ‘Tribe CYRTANDREAE,

Orgocuaris, Benth.; Benth. et Hook. Ff. Gen, Plant. vol. ii. p. 1021.

Oreocharis Forrestii, Skan; species O. Delavayi, Franch. affinis, sed foliis

sessilibus vel brevius petiolatis, corollae tubo breviore et latiore, filamentis

omnino glabris, stigmate patelliforme haud 2-lobo differt.

Herba perennis, acaulescens, radice fibrosa, Folia rosulata, exteriora petiolata,

interiora sessilia, ovato-oblonga, apice obtusa, basi subcuneata, irregulariter

grosse crenato-serrata, cum petiolo lato 4-14 cm. longa, 1°5-4-5 cm. lata,

utrinque praesertim primum longe denseque ferrugineo-villosa; nervi

primarii 5-7, crassi, subtus prominentes. Scapt 4-10 vel plures, erecti vel

adscendentes, 6-12 cm. alti, glanduloso-pilosi, cymas laxas umbelliformes

4-7-floras gerentes; pedicelli 1-2-5 cm. longi, glanduloso-pilosi; bracteae

et bracteolae anguste ovatae vel lanceolatae, 1°5-7 mm. longae. Flores

subpenduli. Calyx 5-partitus, 5-8 mm. longus, parce glanduloso-pilosus ;

segmenta anguste ovata vel lanceolata, 4-7 mm. longa, 1:5-3 mm. lata,

obtusa vel subacuta. Corolla pallide lutea; tubus late tubulosus, 7-10 mm.

longus, 5-7; mm. latus, glanduloso-puberulus ; limbus leviter 2-labiatus,

saepissime 5-lobatus, rarius 4- vel 6-lobatus, erecto-patens ; lobi rotundati

vel subelliptici, 83-5 mm. longi, 8-4 mm. lati, superiores caeteris paulum

minores. Stamina 4, didynama cum staminodio minuto vel minutissimo,

rare 5 absque staminodio, omnia inclusa; filamenta prope basin corollae

tubi inserta, leviter dilatata, 4-5 mm. longa, glabra; antherae liberae haud

conniventes, ovoideo-reniformes, loculis subparallelis apice vix confluen-

tibus. Discus late cupularis,1-5 mm. altus. Ovarium anguste ovoideum,

3-4 mm. longum, 2 mm. latum, glabrum ; stylus brevis latusque, stamina

breviora vix superans, stigmate patelliforme. Capswla anguste fusiformis,

circiter 2°5 cm. longa, 4 mm. lata.— Roettlera Forrestii, Diels in Notes

Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. vol. vy. p. 224; [Irving] in Gard. Chron. 1915,

vol. lviii. p. 265, fig. 97 (Rottlera).—S. A. SKAN.

This free-flowering little Gesnerad was discovered by

Mr. George Forrest on the eastern flank of the Lichiang

Range in North-Western Yunnan. The plant was met

with on mess-covered boulders and on branches of trees

in very shady situations at an elevation of from 10,000 to

11,000 feet. Mr. Forrest sent seeds to Messrs. Bees, Ltd.,

from whom some were received at Kew in 1913. One of

the plants raised from these, which flowered in a cold

house in May, 1915, furnished the material for the accom-

es . panying figure. At Edinburgh it has been in cultivation

_ Since 1909 and there it flowers freely. It is not yet clear

Juxy, 1917,

whether the species be hardy at Kew, but it may survive

a mild winter out of doors if protected from excessive

moisture. In habit it much resembles /eamondia pyrenaica,

Rich. Though originally described as a oetilera, in

which some authorities merge the genera Didymocarpus

and Chirita, the structure of the flower indicates its true

position as a species of the closely allied genus Oreocharis.

The salient character by which Oreocharis may be

distinguished from Didymocarpus, Chirita and Didissandra

is in the four fertile stamens, the anthers of which are

not coherent or even connivent. Dr. Diels described

Roettlera Forrestii as having two fertile stamens with

staminodes, the number of which is not stated. What

were regarded as staminodes were fertile stamens from

which the anthers had fallen, the real staminode. a very

small minute body, being overlooked. Through the

kindness of Professor Bayley Balfour it has been possible

to compare and identify the Kew plant with the excellent

specimens of Hvettl ra Morrestii collected by Mr. Forrest

and now preserved in the Herbarium of the Royal

Botanic Garden, Edinburgh. The genus Oreocharis now

includes about twenty species, all of which, excepting

V. notha, C. B. Clarke, from the Philippine Islands, and

O. primulvides, Benth. & Hook. f., from Japan, are Chinese.

Description.— Herb, perennial, stemless; root fibrous. Leaves rosulate,

the outer stalked, the inner sessile, ovate-oblong, obtuse, base rather cuneate,

coarsely irregularly crenate-serrate, including the broad petiole 14-53 in. long.

§-1} in. wide, densely clothed especially at first with long rusty hairs, main-

nerves 5-7, stout, raised beneath, Scapes 4-10 or more, erect or ascending,

24-4$ in. long, glandular-hairy, bearing loose umbelliform 4-7-flowered cymes ;

pedicels }-1 in. long, glandular-hairy ; bracts and bracteoles narrowly ovate or

lanceolate, } in. long or less. Flowers somewhat pendulous. Calyx 5-partite,

3-% in. long, sparingly glandular-hairy ; lobes narrow ovate or lanceolate, }-+

in. long, } in. wide or narrower, obtuse or subacute. Corolla pale yellow ; tube

wide cylindric, 1-2 in. long, 3-¢ in. wide, glandular-hairy; limb slightly

2-lipped, usually 5-lobed, rarely 4- or 6-lobed, slightly spreading ; lobes rounded

or somewhat elliptic, 1-1 in. long, $73 in. wide, the upper rather smaller than

the others. Stamens 4, didynamous, rarely 5, included; staminode minute or

absent ; filaments inserted near base of corolla-tube, slightly dilated, 1} in. long,

glabrous; anthers free, not connivent, ovoid-reniform, cells nearly parallel,

hardly confluent at the tip. Disk wide cup-shaped, very small, Ovary narrow

ovoid, 1-2 in. long, glabrous; style short and broad, hardly longer than the

amens; stigma patelliform. Capsule narrow fusiform, about 1 in. long,

; in. wide. : : :

Tas. 87. 19.—Fig. 1, calyx and pistil ; 2, corolla, laid open ; 3 and 4, stamens;

5, pistil and disk; 6, transverse section of ov ; 7, fruit, drawn from the

original type :—all enlarged except 7, which is of natural size.

z : +d: ie

Vincent Brooks, Day&Sonlt up

Tas. 8720.

SINOFRANCHETIA CHINENSIS..

; China.

LLARDIZABALACEAE.

SInoFRANCHETIA, Hemsl.

Sinofranchetia chinensis, Hemsl. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2842; species unica.

Frutex alte scandens, glaber, caule volubili laevi primo pruinoso, ramis floriferis

brevibus arcte foliatis. Folia decidua, petiolo basin dilatatam versus

canaliculato 15-16 cm. longo suffulta, 3-foliolata; foliolum intermedium

obovatum, basi late cuneatum, apice breviter acuminatum, 9-12 cm.

longum, 7-10 cm. latum, petiolulo 1-3 cm. longo insidens; lateralia

similia nisi minora, magis minusve obliqua et basi rotundata, breviter

petiolulata; omnia chartacea, supra viridia, infra pallida. Racemi

axillares, penduli, ad 30 cm. longi, ad 6-10 cm. nudi, ebracteati ; pedicelli

1-2 mm. longi. Sepala 6, obovata, maris 2 mm., foeminei 2°5 mm. longa.

Petala 6, carnosa, subobcordata, 0°75 mm. longa. Stamina 6; maris

filamenta linearia, carnosula, petala vix superantia. in urceolam con-

niventia ; antherae supra os urceolae arcuatae, late oblongae, connectivo

haud producto: foeminei effoeta, quam petala minora graciliora. Pistilla

8, in flore maris effoeta, minuta, in flore foemineo petala paulo superantia,

elliptico- vel obovato-oblonga, ad 2 mm. longa stigmate sessili; ovula

-circiter 20, biseriata. Carpella matura baccata, ellipsoidea, ad 2 cm.

longa, ad 1°5 cm. diametro, lilacina. Semina compressa, ambitu subellip-

tica, 4-5 mm. longa; testa nigricans.—Bean in Kew Bull. 1909, p. 355;

Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. vol. ii. p. 912, fig. 572; Rehder et E. H.

Wils. in Sargent, Plant. Wilson. vol. i. p. 849. Parvatia chinensis, Franch.

in Journ. Bot. vol. viii.p. 281. Holboellia_cwneata, Oliv. in Hook, Ic. Pl.

+. 1817 (fructus). H. chinensis, Diels in Engl. Jahrb. vol. xxix. p. 343;

Réaubourg in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, vol. liii. p. 455, fig. 4 (folii anatomia).

—O. Srapr.

The genus Sinofranchetia is a member of the Lardiza-

baluceae, a group of forms treated in the Genera

Plantarum as a distinct tribe of the natural order

Berberidaceae, but regarded in the Natiirlichen Pflanzen-

familien as a distinct family. The solitary species,

S. chinensis, is a vigorous climber with inconspicuous

flowers, but with showy and striking lavender-purple

fruits, which appears to be common at altitudes of 5,000-

9,000 feet in western Hupeh and Szechuan. Its botanical

history has been somewhat confused. In 1889 the late

Professor Oliver based a new Holboellia, H. cuneata, on

male and female specimens obtained by Mr. A. Henry in

Hupeh, pointing out, however, certain differences, besides

that of sex, in the two components of the species. The

JuLy, 1917,

late Mr. Franchet in 1894 described as Parvatia chinensis

a species collected by Farges in Szechuan. In this

Parvatia Professor Diels recognised the female portion of

Holboellia cuneata, Oliv., so distinct from the male portion

as to belong to a different subgenus of LHolboellia. To

this subgenus, which Diels had termed Sinofranchetia,

the rank of a genus was accorded by Dr. Hemsley in

1909. It has now been discovered that the male portion

cf Holboellia cuneata, Oliv., is also better considered as

belonging to a distinct genus, a female of which has been

met with in western Hupeh by Mr. E. H. Wilson. This

new genus is now known as Sargentodora, Rehder & E. H.

Wilson, also a member of the Lardizabalaceae. The

material for our figure of Sinofranchetia chinensis has been

derived from the collection of Miss E. A. Willmott,

Warley Place, by whom fruiting sprays were communi-

cated in November, 1915, specimens with male flowers

being sent in June, 1916. At Warley Place Sinofranchetia

was raised from seed in a cold frame, and in the second

year was planted against a pergola in a north-east

position. A year later flowers appeared and fruit ripened.

It has proved perfectly hardy and has been unscathed

by the severe winter of 1916-17. It is not fastidious as

regards either soil or position, it calls for no special

treatment, and may be propagated by seed.

Dzscriprion.—Shrub, wide climbing, glabrous in all its parts ; stem twining,

smooth, at first pruinose; flowering twigs short, closely leafy. Leaves

deciduous, pinnately 3-foliolate, long-petioled ; terminal leaflet obovate, shortly

acuminate, base wide cuneate, 84-43 in. long, 8-4 in. wide, petiolule

4-1} in. long; lateral leaflets similar but smaller, more or less oblique at the

base and rounded on the outer side, shortly petiolulate; all papery, green

above and paler beneath; common petiole 6-7 in. long, channelled above

towards the dilated base. Racemes axillary, pendulous, up to 12 in. 1 the

naked base 24-4 in. long, ebracteate ; pedicels very short. Sepals 6, obovate,

those of the male , of the female 4; in. long. Petals 6, fleshy, somewhat

obcordate, very short. Stamens 6, those of the male with linear, rather fleshy

filaments barely longer than the petals, connivent in a cup; the anthers arched

above the mouth of the cup, wide oblong; those of the female sterile, more

slender, smaller than the petals. Pistils 8, those of the male sterile, minute :

those of the female rather longer than the petals, elliptic or obovate-oblong,

about 7 in. long; stigma sessile ; ovules about 20, 2-seriate. Carpels when

ripe berry-like, ellipsoid, up to 3 in. long, about 3 in. wide, lilac. Seeds com-

pressed, nearly elliptic in outline, 3-1 in. long; testa blackish,

Tas. 8720.—Fig. 1, male flower; 2, vertical section of the same; 3, female

flower; 4, rudimentary stamens and pistils ; 5, pistil; 6, section. of fruit;

7, seed :—all enlarged except 6, which is of natural size. -

5

M.S.del. JNFitch lith.

L-Reeve & C9 London.

8721

Vincent Brooks, D ay & Son Lxtimp.

Tas. 8721.

RHODODENDRON Curreanvum.

Burma.

Ericaceak. Tribe RHopoREAR,

RuHopDopENDRON, Linn, ; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron Cuffeanum, Craib MSS.; species R. Dalhousiae, Hook. £.,

valde affinis sed calycis lobis extra lepidotis pilis longis debilibus ciliatis

differt.

Frutex laxe ramosus; caulis basi tumidus; ramuli annotini pallide cinerei,

squamis peltatis sessilibus brunneis notati, vetustiores pallide brunnei,

vestigiis squamarum delapsarum arcte notati. Fplia pauca, laxa,

sempervirentia, oblanceolata, apice obtusa, sensim et breviter acuminata,

basi subacuto attenuata, usque ad 10 cm. longa et 3 cm. lata, coriacea,

supra primum parce squamoso-glandulosa, demum glabra et conspicue

reticulata, infra pallidiora, densiuscule squamoso-glandulosa, squamis

brunneis inaequalibus parvis circiter 0°5 mm. distantibus ; costa media

supra impressa, infra prominula; nervi laterales utrinsecus 6-7, graciles,

flexuosi, utrinque prominuli; petioli circiter 1-3 cm. longi, compressi,

utrinque dense lepidoti. Flores in umbellam terminalem circiter 5-florem

dispositi; pedicelli 1-1-5 cm. longi, dense lepidoti, circiter 1-5 mm. crassi,

Calyx foliaceus, fere 1 cm. longus, inaequaliter 5-lobatus, lobis duobus

inferioribus majoribus oblongis vel oblongo-rotundatis apice rotundatis

pilis debilibus peucis ciliatis extra lepidotis. Corolla tubuloso-cam-

panulata, 6°5 cm. longa, alba, intus dorso ochracea; tubus 8°5 cm. longus,

supra basin circiter 2 cm. diametro, extra. molliter pubescens; lobi 5,

rotundati, basi 3 cm. lati, extra parce lepidoti. Stamina 10, exserta,

inaequalia, longiora corollae tubo paullo breviora; filamenta basin versus

molliter villoso-pubescentia ; antherae brunneae, 6 mm. longae. Ovarium

5-loculare, fere 1 cm. longum, dense lepidotum; stylus corolla longior,

basin versus parce lepidotus, stigmate capitato atro-brunneo coronatus.—

J. Hutcurson, i

This handsome Rhododendron was originally met with

by Lady Wheeler Cuffe, to whom it is dedicated, on

Sindaung, or ‘“ Elephant Hill,” a great outlying mass,

whose summit is 6,000 feet above sea-level, on the edge

of the Shan plateau in Upper Burma. &. Cujfeanum is

closely related to R. Dalhousieae, Hook. f., a species

which extends from Sikkim through Bhutan to Manipur,

but differs from that species in having its calyx-lobes

lepidote outside and fringed with long weak hairs. It

is more remotely allied to R. Nuttallii, Booth, from

Bhutan, and to &. crassum, Franch., from Yunnan, both

of which have calyx-lobes that are neither lepidote nor

Aveusr, 1917,

fringed with hairs. Young plants of this and some other

species from Sindaung were presented by Lady Wheeler

Cufie in August, 1913, to the Royal Botanic Gardens,

Glasnevin. From one of these, which flowered in May,

1915, came the material on which our figure is based.

Sir Frederick Moore, to whom we are also indebted for

a photograph from which the sketch of the entire plant

has been prepared, informs us that in some of the

examples the basal swellings are much larger than in

the one figured. The establishment of the plants proved

slow, but after twelve months in moist heat in shade it

was possible’ to remove them to a cool orchid house

where in a deep shade they thrive well. A year later

they were transferred to a cool greenhouse, with a night

temperature of 45° F., and with ample ventilation. Here

they have flowered and by their behaviour afford hope

that they may even be hardy out of doors in the milder

parts of the United Kingdom. They have been grown

in ordinary heavy peat, and when once they are well

established their cultivation offers no difficulty. One of

the distinguishing features of J. Cuffeanum is its

fragrance.

Descrietion.—Shrub, loosely branched; stem swollen at the base; new

shoots pale grey, beset with brown sessile peltate scales; older pale-brown,

closely marked with the traces of fallen scales. Leaves few, widely scattered,

evergreen, oblanceolate, gradually and shortly acuminate to an obtuse tip, base

somewhat gradually narrowed, up to 4 in. long, 12 in. wide, coriaceous, at first

sparingly glandular-lepidote above, at length glabrous and distinctly reticulately

nerved, below paler and densely glandular-lepidote, the scales small, brown,

unequal in size and discrete; mid-rib sunk above, slightly raised beneath ;

lateral nerves 6-7 along each side, slender, flexuous,’ slightly raised on both

surfaces ; petiole about 4} in. long, compressed, closely lepidote. Flowers in

terminal umbels; umbels about 5-flowered; pedicels 4-2 in. long, closely

lepidote. Calyx leafy, about 3 in. long, unequally 5-lobed, the two lower lobes

the largest,oblong or rounded-oblong, lepidote outside and with a fringe of weak

hairs. Corolla tubular-campanulate, 2} in, long, white, with a yellow blotch

on the upper side within; tube 1} in. long, abont % in. wide above the base,

softly pubescent outside ; lobes 5, rounded, about 3 in. wide at the base,

sparingly lepidote. Stamens 10, exserted, unequal, the longest rather shorter

than the corolla-tube; filaments softly villous near the base ; anthers brown,

# in. long. Ovary 5-celled, about 2 ‘in. long, densely lepidote; style longer

than th i i

sauar — sparingly lepidote near the base, crowned by the dark-brown

Tas, 8721.—Fig. 1, apex of leaf, seen peer above; 2, calyx and pistil ;

Ms pare from the pistil ; 4 and 5, stamens; 6, transverse bene the ere

» Sketch of an entire plant :—all enlarged except 7, which is much reduced.

8722

imp. |

MS del JNFit ch ith Vincent Brooks.Day&Sonbt mp.

L Reeve & C°London. : Z

Tas. 8722.

BERBERIS AGGREGATA.

China.

BERBERIDACEAE, Tribe BERBERIDEAE.

Berseris, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 43.

Berberis aggregata, C. K. Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boiss, sér. 2, vol. viii.

p. 203; et in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. vol. i. p. 875; paniculis valde contractis,

floribus dense aggregatis distincta.

Frutex 1°2-1°6 m. altus. Ramuli minute puberuli, juniores angulati, sulcati,

brunnei, vetustiores fusco-cinerei, subangulati. Spinae 3-fidae, graciles,

flavo-brunneae, ad 1°38 cm. longae. Folia 4-15-fasciculata, obovato-

oblonga vel oblanceolata, in petiolum brevissimum cuneatim angustata, ~

apice plus minusve rotundata, breviter mucronata, 0°8-1'8 cm. longa, .

8°5-7 mm. lata, subcoriacea, spinuloso-dentata, utrinque subtus manifestius

anguste reticulata, subtus pallida. Racemz valde contracti floribus pseudo-

glomeratis ; pedicelli 2mm. longi, apice valde expansi ; bracteae e basi ovata

subulatae, pedicellis sublongiores. Sepala elliptica, valde concava, 8°5 mm.

longa, 25mm. lata. Petala obovata, anguste emarginata, superne fimbriata,

3°5-3°75 mm. longa, 2 mm. lata, 3-nervia, glandulis discretis elliptico-

oblongis 0°6-0°7 mm. longis 0°6 mm. supra basin petalorum sitis.

Stamina 2-2°2 mm. longa, connectivo ultra thecas 0°2 mm. producto.

Pistillum 2 mm. longum; ovula 2. Baccae subglobosae, circiter 7 mm.

diametro; stylus in fructu distinctus, stigmate excluso 0.5 mm. longus.—

T. A. SPRAGUE. ;

The very distinct Berberis here figured is a native of

Western China. It was originally described by Dr. C. K.

Schneider as . aggregata from a flowering specimen

collected by Potanin in Eastern Kansu with which he

associated a fruiting specimen gathered by E. H. Wilson

in Szechuan. It was at first placed by its author in the

section Sinenses next to B. Wilsonae, Hemsl. Subse-

quently, however, the opportunity of studying further

material obtained by Wilson in Szechuan, induced its

author to transfer B. aggregata, on account of its

inflorescence, to the section Polyanthae. The material

for our plate has been obtained from a plant raised at

Kew in 1911, from seed purchased from the Arnold

Arboretum which had been collected by Mr. Wilson in

October, 1910, in the Min Valley, Western Szechuan. As

Aveust, 1917, :

an addition to outdoor collections B. aggregata possesses

the merit of being ornamental both when in flower and

when in fruit, but more especially in the latter condition.

It is evidently perfectly hardy, thriving well in a sunny

spot planted in a loamy soil; its abundant seed renders

its propagation easy.

Descriprion.—Shrub, 4-5} ft. high ; young twigs finely puberulous, angular,

sulcate, brown; older branches tawny-grey, faintly angled. Spines 3-fid,

slender, brownish yellow, about 3 in. long. Leaves in clusters of 4-15, obovate-

oblong or lanceolate, cuneately narrowed to a very short petiole, more or less

rounded at the tip, shortly mucronate, 37 in. long, 3-2 in. wide, somewhat

coriaceous, spinulose-toothed, dark green above, pale beneath, closely reticulate

on both surfaces but more distinctly beneath. Racemes much congested with

the flowers almost glomerulate ; pedicels ;; in. long, thickened at the tip;

bracts subulate from an ovate base, rather longer than the pedicels. Sepals

elliptic, very concave, 7 in. long, ~5 in. wide. Petals obovate, slightly

' emarginate, fimbriate upwards, about 7 in. long, ~, in. wide, 8-nerved, with

2 distinct elliptic-oblong glands situated slightly above the base within.

Stamens about + in. long, with the connective slightly produced. Pistil

iz in. long; ovules 2. Berry subglobose, about $ in. across ; style distinct.

Tas. 8722.—Fig. 1, a leaf; 2, flower; 3, a petal; 4, stamen; 5, pistil ;—all

enlarged,

8728

a.

Vv: time

incent Brooks, Day&SonLt

LiRéeve &CoLioodon.

1% ch. hth

INF

+

a8

MS. del.

Tas. 8723.

BULBOPHYLLUM tinacinum.

Malay Peninsula and Siam.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe EpIDENDREAE.

Bu.sopuyitium, Thouars; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 501.

Bulbophyllum lilasinum, Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxxii. p. 276, et

Mater. Fl. Malay Penins. vol. i. p. 71; Orch. Rev. 1908, p. 868; affinis

B. Careyano, Spreng., sed floribus lilacinis purpureo-maculatis longe

differt. ;

Herba epiphytica; rhizoma repens, validulum, lignosum; pseudobulbi sub-

approximati, ovoidei vel interdum oblongi, 2°5-5 cm. longi, basi vaginis

membranaceis obtecti, monophylli. Folia subpetiolata, oblonga, sub-

obtusa, crassiuscula, 12-20 cm. longa, 2°5-4 cm. lata. Scapt arcuati,

15-20 cm. longi, basi vaginis spathaceis subimbricatis obtecti; racemi

cylindracei, densiflori; bracteae ovato-lanceolatae, acutae vel acuminatae,

3-5 mm. longae. Flores mediocres, lilacini, purpureo-maculati. Sepalum

posticum elliptico-ovatum, apice aoutum et recurvum, 0°6 cm. longum;

sepala lateralia connata, ovata, acuta, concava, 0°9 cm. longa. Petala

ovata, acuminata, 2 mm. longa. JLabellum unguiculatum, elliptico-

oblongum, obtusum, crassiusculum, 3°5 mm. longum, disco tenuiter

bicarinato, auriculis falcato-ovatis *et subobtusis. Colwmna lata, 2 mm.

longa, dentibus subulatis.—Bulbophyllum Careyanum roseum, Orch. Rev.

1904, p. 328.—R. A. Roure.

The distinct and attractive Bulbophyllum here figured

is one that has long been in cultivation. At Kew when

grown in a teak-basket under tropical conditions it is

easy to manage and rarely fails to flower freely. It was

long believed to be a variety of B. Careyanum, Spreng.,

and in many collections has been grown as B. Careyanum

roseum. It was first recognised as a distinct species in

1896 by Mr. H. N. Ridley, and was originally described

by him from material collected by himself on Kedah

Peak in the Malay Peninsula and by Mr. C. Curtis in

southern Siam. When naming it B. lilacinum Mr. Ridley

indicated its affinity to B. Pechei, Bull, a native of

Moulmein, figured at t. 7286 of this work. These two

species differ in the colour of their flowers; both are

equally closely related to B. Careyanum. The date of

Aveust, 1917,

its original introduction is uncertain. It seems to have

been added to the collection of the late Sir Trevor

Lawrence, Burford, Dorking, in or before 1898; in

November of that year it was submitted by him to Kew

for identification, with a note that it has been bought

from the collection of the Hon. Walter Rothschild

at Tring, but that its native habitat was unknown.

This plant, which flowers regularly each autumn, was pre-

sented to the Kew collection by the late Lady Lawrence ;

our plate was prepared from it when in flower in

November, 1915.

Description.—Herb, epiphytic ; rootstock creeping, rather stout and woody;

udobulbs rather close-set, ovoid or at times oblong, 1-2 in. long, clothed

low with membranous sheaths, 1-foliate. Leaves very shortly petioled,

oblong, rather blunt, fairly thick, 5-8 in. long, 1-1} in. wide. Scapes arcuate,

in. long, clothed below with membranous sheaths; racemes cylindric,

dense-flowered ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, actite or acuminate, 3-3 in. long.

Flowers rather small, lilac with purple blotches. Sepals: posterior elliptic-

ovate, tip acute and recurved, } in. long ; lateral connate, ovate, acute, concave,

over j in. long. Petals ovate, acuminate, ys in. long. Lip clawed, elliptic-

oblong, obtuse, rather thick, 7 in. long, with a finely 2-keeled disk, and with

falcate-ovate rather blunt auricles. Column broad, ; in. long; teeth subulate.

Tas. 8723.—Fig. 1, flower; 2, the same, the sepals removed ; 3, lip;

4, column; 5, anthercap; 6, pollinia :—all enlarged.

d; ,

Vincent Brooks, Day &SonLt- mp

MS del. JN Fitch ith,

_LReeve RCOLondon.

Tas. 8724.

POLYGONUM GrRiIFFITHII.

Northern India and Western China.

PoLtyGonacEAE. Tribe EUPOLYGONEAE.

-Potyeoxum, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 97.

Polygonum (§ Bistorta) Griffithii, Hook. f. Flor. Brit. Ind. vol. v. p. 54;

species P. sphaerostachyo, Meisn., afiinis, sed spicis saepius pluribus

peste brevioribus pedicellis !ongioribus foliisque caulinis latioribus

iffert.

Herba perennis, rami circiter 12 e caudice lignoso caespitose orti. Folia radicalia

numerosa, oblonga vel elliptica, acuta, basi rotundata vel acuta, subtus

fere glauca, glabra vel primum sparse hirsuta, marginibus tenuiter

undulatis, venulis tenuibus sed prominentibus, 10-15 cm. longa, 3°5 cm.

lata; petiolus usque ad 10 cm. longus; folia caulina pauca, radicalibus

multo minora, oblonga vel ovata, 6 cm. longa, 3 em. lata; petiolus usque

ad 8 cm. longus; ochrea glabra, brunnea, 4 cm. longa. Sptcae simplices

vel ramosae, in foliorum caulinorum axillis dispositae, densiflorae; obtusae,

pallide brunneae ; pedicelli7 mm. longi, tenuissimi, prope basin articulati ;

flores erecti. Perianthium turbinatum, intense kermesinum; segmenta

oblonga, obtusa, saepius 3-nervia, § mm. longa, 2°5 mm. lata. Stamina 8,

perianthio breviora ; antherae violaceae, 1 mm. Jongae, obtusae. Ovariwm

anguste oblongum, 3-quetrum, 2 mm. longum; styli 3, ovario duplo

longiores, laete purpurei; stigmata punctiformia parumexserta. Achenium

4 mm. longum, ochraceum, lignosum.—P. calostachyum, Diels in Notes

Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. vol. v. p. 261. Polygonum sp., Griff. Itin. Notes,

p- 140.—C. H. Wricur.

The Polygonum we figure here was discovered by

Dr. W. Griffith in 1837 growing on rocks above Sanah,

in Bhutan, at about 10,000 feet above sea-level. The

plant remained undescribed until 1886 when Sir J. D.

Hooker named it P. Griffithi. The species was not

heard of again until 1904 when it was met with by

Mr. G. Forrest in moist mountain meadows on the

eastern flank of the Mekong-Salween Divide in south-

western Yunnan, at altitudes of 9,000—-11,000 feet. It

had already been gathered by Pére Monbeig at Tse-kou

in the same province, specimens gathered by him reach-

ing Kew in 1905. Since then Mr. F. K. Ward has also

collected this species in Yunnan. The material for our

plate was provided by a plant raised from seeds received at

August, 1917,

Kew in 1914 from Messrs. Bees, Limited, under the unpub-

lished name P. kermesinum which is now current in some

collections. At Kew the plants reach a height of

eighteen inches and flower early in August; though

quite hardy they have failed so far to mature seeds.

They form a distinct addition to the Rock Garden, .

striking because of the numerous spikes of rich crimson

flowers. P. Grifithii approaches most closely P. sphaero-

stachyum, Meisn., figured at t. 6847 of this work, which

differs in having usually solitary smaller spikes on longer

peduncles in the axils of narrower cauline leaves. While

P. sphaerostachyum has short and often recurved pedicels,

P. Grifithii has long erect ones. For this reason the

bracts which are closely imbricate around the central

axis become visible in P. Griffithii, and by their buff

colour provide an effective contrast with the rich red of the

perianth. The leaves of P. Grifithii are in wild specimens

firm and almost leathery, in cultivated plants usually

much thinner in texture.

Descriprion.— Herb, perennial; branches tufted, about 12 from each woody

stock. Leaves: radical numerous, oblong or elliptic, acute, base rounded or

acute, almost glaucous beneath, glabrous or at first sparingly hairy, margins

slightly undulate, nerves slender but raised, 4-6 in. long, 14 in. wide; petiole

up to 1} in. long; cauline few, much smaller than the radical leaves, oblong

or ovate, 2} in. long, 1} in. wide; petiole up to 1} in. long; ochrea glabrous,

a lj in. long. Spikes simple or branched, from the axils of the cauline

eaves, dense-flowered; peduncles up to 2 in. long, very slender, jointed near

ne base ; flowers erect. Perianth turbinate, deep rich crimson; segments

rs ong, obtuse, usually 3-nerved, 3 in. long, y4; in. wide. Stamens 8, shorter

Sais oe ee ae small, obtuse. Ovary narrow-oblong,

¢ » yg i. long; styles 3, twice as long as the ov i le;

stigmas minute, slightly exserted. Achene q is long, hard pgm Pro

Tas. 8724,—Fig, 1, a flower: 2 i y : ; :

XK, pislil ail a “sa wa. r; 2, perianth-tube, laid open; 3 and 4, stamens;

tro % | 1 +

MS. del. JN Fitch hth

Vincent Brooks,Day 5 on Limp

Cote oer wT 3

l,.Reeve &C? London

Tas. 8725.

ODONTOGLOSSUM cureiquEense.

Central America.

OrncuIpDAckArE. Tribe VANDEAE.

Opontoctossum, H. B. et K.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 561.

Odontoglossom chiriquense, Reichb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 692; Rolfe in

Orch. Rev. 1899, p. 49, fig. 8; 1902, p. 281, fig. 29; 1916, p. 177, fig. 34;

species O. coronario, Lindl., affinis sed floribus majoribus sepalis petal-

isque valde undulatis apte distinguenda.

Herba epiphytica, subscandens. Rhizoma validum, lignosum, vaginis sub-

membranaceis imbricatis obtectum, radices crebrius emittens ; pseudobulbi

ovoideo-oblongi, subcompressi, 7-11 cm. longi, 4-6 cm. lati, purpureo-

suffusi, apice monophylli, basi diphylli. Folia elliptico-oblonga, obtusa,

coriacea, basi conduplicata, 16-30 cm. longa, 6-9 cm. lata. Scapi erecti,

validi, 30-35 cm. alti; racemi 20-25 cm. longi, multiflori; bracteae oblongo-

lanceolatae, acutae, subconcavae, 1-1-5 em. longae. Flores speciosi, lutei,

insigniter brunneo-maculati. Sepala et petala patentia, orbiculari-elliptica,

obtusa, undulata, 25-3 em. longa. Labellwm basi columnae breviter

adnatum, trilobum, 2-2°5 em. longum; lobi laterales erecti, oblique auri-

culati, obtusi, undulati, parvi; lobus intermedius patens vel reflexus,

cuneato-obovatus, obtusus, 1°5-2 cm. longus, basi angustatus; crista

tuberculata, 2-seriata, clavata, incurva, lata, 1°5 em. longa; alae latae,.

membranaceae, undulatae; clinandrium cucullatum, membranaceum, cum

alis continuum ; pollinia 2, pyriformia ; stipes planus, late oblongus ; glan-

dula squamiformis.—O. coronariwm, var. chiriqguense, Veitch, Man. Orch.

pars. i. p. 28,—R. A. Rours.

This handsome Odontoglossum was originally discovered

by Warscewicz on the volcano of Chiriqui in Costa Rica,

at 9,000 feet above sea-level; it was first described by

Reichenbach, from herbarium specimens, in 1852. Its

introduction to cultivation did not take place until

thirty years later when it was imported by Messrs.

Sander and Sons, St. Albans. The locality was not then

recorded, nor was it known in July, 1890, when an

inflorescence was sent to Kew for determination by

Messrs. E, Vervaet and Company, Ghent. In 1894

Mr. R. Pfau sent a photograph and a dried specimen

_ from San Jose, Costa Rica. It now appears that the

_ Species also occurs in Colombia; there is, in the collection

SErremper, 1917,

of the late Consul F. C. Lehmann, a dried flower stated

to be from Yarumal, in the province of Antioquia. The

material for our figure of O. chiriquense has been derived

from a plant acquired for the Kew collection at the Red

Cross sale held in 1916. Until then this plant had been

for upwards of twenty years in the collection of Mr. W.G.

Grove, Holehird, Windermere. At Kew it flowered in

October. It thrives well in a house suitable for species

of Miltonia, the Odontoglossum house being too cold in

winter for this species. It makes vigorous growth in a

compost of peat fibre and sphagnum and requires a

liberal supply of water. The nearest ally of O. chiriquense

is O. coronarium, Lindl., figured at t. 7687 of this work,

of which it has been regarded as a variety, but from

which it is readily distinguished by its larger and very

undulate flowers.

Description.—Herb, epiphytic, almost scandent. Rootstock stout, woody,

clothed with imbricate almost membranous sheaths, giving off numerous roots ;

pseudobulbs ovoid-oblong, somewhat compressed, 8-43 in. long, 13-2} in. wide,

flushed with purple, 1-foliate at the top, 2-foliate at the base. Leaves elliptic-

oblong, obtuse, leathery, conduplicate at the base, 63-12 in. long, 24-34 in.

wide. Scapes erect, stout, 12-14 in. high; racemes many-flowered, 8-10 in.

long ; bracts oblong-lanceolate, acute, rather concave, 2-2 in. long. Flowers

showy, yellow, very conspicuously blotched with brown: Sepals and petals

spreading, orbicular-elliptic, obtuse, with undulate margins, 1-1} in. long.

Lip shortly adnate to the base of the column, 8-lobed, 3-1 in. long; lateral

lobes erect, obliquely auriculate, obtuse, undulate, small, mid-lobe spreading or

reflexed, cuneate-obovate, obtuse, 2-3 in. long, narrowed at the base; crest

tuberculate, 2-seriate, clavate, incurved,: broad, 2 in. long; wings broad,

membranous, undulate ; clinandrium cucullate, membranous, continuous with

the wings; pollinia 2, pyriform ; stipe flat, wide oblong; gland scale-like.

Tas. 8725.—Fig. 1, portion of margi

8, anther-cap ; 4, pollinarium ; 5, ok

except 5, which is much reduced,

of a petal; 2, column and base of lip’;

Sketch of an entire plant:—all enlarged

%

MS.del. JN Fitch hth.

2

Vincent Brooks. Day& Son LY

LReeve&C° London.

Tas. 8726.

ORESITROPHE RvPIFRAGA.

North China.

SAXIFRAGACEAE. ‘Tribe SAXIFRAGEAE,

OrnEsITROPHE, Bunge; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen Plant. vol. i. p. 689.

Oresitrophe rupifraga, Bunge, Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. p. 31; Walp. Rep.

vol. v. p. 823; Hance in Journ. Bot. 1875, p. 182; Hemsl. in Journ, Linn,

Soc. Bot. vol. xxiii. p. 271; Gard. Chron. 1917, vol. Ixi. p. 155, fig. 54;

species unica.

Herba acaulis, decidua; rhizoma crassum, squamosum, e rupibus dissilientibus

enatum. Folia radicalia 2 vel 3, petiolata, late cordata, abrupte et

breviter acuminata, acute duplicato-serrata, supra glabra, subtus villosa,

4-8 em. longa, 8°5-7 cm. lata; petioli 3-12 cm. longi. Scapi erecti,

12-17 cm. longi, glanduloso-villosuli, apice compacte vel interdum laxe

cymosim paniculati, multiflori; bracteae obsoletae ; pedicelli 3-5 mm.

longi. Calyx campanulatus, 4-5 mm. longus, 5-T-lobus; lobi elliptico-

oblongi, obtusi, albi vel pallide rosei. Petala 0. Stamina 10-14, loborum

calycinorum opposita; filamenta gracilia, lobis calycinis aequilonga ;

antherae cordato-ovatae. Styli 2, truncati, glabri, stigmatibus simplicibus,

Capsula 2-rostris, 1-locularis, 2-valvis, valvis basi introflexis connatis

placentiferis. Semina numerosa.—R. A. RouFs.

The genus Oresitrophe includes only one_ species,

O. rupifraga, which was first described by Dr. Bunge in

1834 from material collected by himself in clefts of rocks

on the mountains near Lun-zuan-ssi and Ssi-jui-ssi in

Northern China. It was regarded by him as nearly

allied to Astilbe, Ham., though in habit very different

from that genus. In the family Savifragaceae it 18

certainly somewhat anomalous, though in floral structure

it agrees best with Chrysosplenium, Linn.; in habit,

however, it is as remote from this genus as it is from

Astilbe. Subsequent to its discovery by Bunge, it was

again collected on Mount Poa-hua-shan, near Pekin, by

Dr. Bretschneider; still later it was collected on the

western hills near Pekin by Mr. W. Hancock, who has

noted it as confined to rocky gullies, and as being rare.

More recently it has been met with again by Mr. F. N.

Meyer, in crevices of rocks in the Nankow Pass, Chibli,

SEPTEMBER, 1917,

in northern China, to whom its introduction to horti-

culture is due. Struck by its suitability as a rockery

plant, Mr. Meyer sent rootstocks to Kew, as those of a

species of Savifraga, in 1913. Since their arrival these

aaah have been kept in pots in a cold frame. They

ave thriven satisfactorily and flowered freely both in

1915 and 1916, when our drawing was prepared. Though

it has not yet been planted out, 0. rupifraga promises

to be quite hardy at Kew. The leaves, in autumn, turn

brown-purple.

Description.—Herb, stemless ; rootstock thick, scaly, growing in clefts of

rocks. Leaves 2-3, radical, petioled, wide cordate, abruptly shortly acuminate,

sharply double-serrate, glabrous above, villous beneath, 14-3 in. long, 14-22 in.

wide; petiole 13-5 in. long. Scape erect, 5-7 in. long, glandular hairy,

compactly or at times laxly cymose-paniculate; bracts obsolete ; pedicels

47+ in. long. Calyx campanulate, 4-s_in. long, 5-7-lobed; lobes elliptic-

oblong, obtuse, white or pale rose. Petals 0. Stamens 10-14, in pairs

opposite the calyx-lobes ; filaments slender, as long as the calyx-lobes; anthers

cordate-ovate. Styles 2, truncate, glabrous ; stigmas simple. Capsule 1-locular,

2-beaked, 2-valved ; valves inflexed and united at the ovule-bearing base. Seeds

very many,

Tas. 8726.—Fig. 1, part of ieidlonensesiee? 2 and 8 stamens ; 4, ovary with

base of calyx-tube ; 5, section of ovary :—all enlarged. :

8727

“Pieters

OF eels )

Peseta any te

ve >

oe

Day& Son Lttaae

sic

KS

Oo

Vincent Bro

LReeve &C°London

Tas. 8727.

RHODODENDRON NERIIFLORUM.

Yunnan.

EricacEAg. Tribe RHopOREAE.

RHopopENDRON, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599,

Rhododendron neriiflorum, Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. vol. xxxiii. p. 230

(1886); inter species chinenses foliis glabris infra glaucis, calyce magno

coccineo, corolla coccinea 5-lobata, filamentis glabris, ovario et stylo basin

versus tomentello valde distincta.

Frutex laxe ramosus, usque ad 1°5 m. altus; ramuli purpurascentes, glabri,

subteretes, annotini circiter 0°8 cm. crassi. Folia laxe disposita, longe

petiolata, oblonga, apice rotundata et obtuse apiculata, basi obtusissima

vel interdum breviter attenuata, 7-10 cm. longa, 2°5-4 cm. lata, rigide

coriacea, supra laete viridia, infra glauco-viridia, glabra ; costa media supra

leviter impressa, infra prominens, basi circiter 2°5 mm. lata et semiteres ;

nervi laterales utrinsecus circiter 12, tenues, marginem versus evanidi et

fiexuosi, venis delicate reticulatis infra subconspicuis; petiolus rubro-

purpureus, 1°5-2 cm. longus, primum minute purpuraceo-puberulus, mox

glaber. lores in capitulum subracemosum terminale circiter 8-florum

dispositi; perulae exteriores obovatae, cuspidato-acuminatae, furfuraceo-

puberulae, interiores oblongae ad lineares, sericeo-tomentosae; pedicelli

circiter 1°3 cm. longi, breviter tomentosi. Calyx usque ad 1 cm. longus,

inaequaliter lobatus, extra glaber, lobis purpureis breviter ciliatis. Corolla —

coccineo-purpurea, tubulosa, 5-lobata; tubus glaber, basi saccatus et intra

maculis purpureis ornatus, apicem versus paullo ampliatus, 2-2°5 em.

longus, apice circiter 2 cm. diametro; lobi 5, profunde emarginati, ambitu

rotundati, circiter 1°5 cm. longi. Stamina 10, corolla paullo breviora ;

filamenta complanata, glabra; antherae atro-purpureae, 8 mm. longae.

Ovarium 5-6-loculare, fiavo-tomentosum, conicum; stylus corolla aequi-

longus, basin versus tomentellus. Fructus haud visus,—J. Hurcursoy,

ao

The charming Rhododendron here figured appears to be

confined to the Tali range in Yunnan where it was

originally discovered by the Abbé Delavay a generation

ago. It has been repeatedly met with on the same range

by Mr. G. Forrest, at altitudes of 9,000-11,000 feet.

Plants have been raised by Mr. J. C. Williams, Caerhays

Castle, Gorran, Cornwall, from seed collected by Mr.

Forrest, and from one of these came the material for

our plate. Mr. Williams informs us that 2. neriiflorum,

which has now been in his collection some six years,

SEPTEMBER, 1917, :

grows both well at Caerhays and at Werrington, near

Launceston, which is colder than Caerhays. It is a

dwarf shrub which begins to flower when less than

eighteen inches in height ; even in the wild state it does

not exceed five feet in height. According to Forrest the

flowers vary in shade from deep rose to crimson scarlet

and as grown in this country it provides brilliant patches

of colour. It has proved easy to grow and has the

advantage of thriving well in more open spaces than the

Indian species whose flowers are of the same rich colour.

ft. neriiflorum belongs to a group of species in the section

Hurhododendron characterised by their smooth eglandular

leaves. Among these it is readily distinguished by the —

pinkish glaucous, finely reticulate under surface of the

leaves, the crimson calyx, and the glabrous filaments.

It does not appear to be closely related to any other

Chinese species, and is only remotely allied to the Sikkim

£t. Thomsoni, Hook. f., figured at t. 4997 of this work.

In R. Thomsoni the corolla is of the same colour, and the

under surface of the leaves has the same glaucous bloom,

but the leaves in the Sikkim plant are cordate at the

base and more orbicular in outline, while the ovary is

quite smooth, not hairy as in R. neriiflorum.

Description.—Shrub, loosely branched, up to 5 ft. hi h; twi lish,

glabrous, nearly cylindric, about 2 in, thick in their eset cd

scattered, long stalked, oblong, rounded and bluntly apiculate at the tip, base

truncate or occasionally shortly cuneate, 3-4 in. long, 1-13 in. wide, firmly

coriaceous, bright-green above, glaucous-green beneath, glabrous; midrib slightly

sunk above, raised beneath and then near the base rounded and about 3 in.

wide; lateral nerves about 12 on each side of the midrib, slender, fiexuous,

becoming indistmet near the leaf margin; reticulation fine and rather visible

beneath ; petiole red-purple, 2-3 in. long, at first finely scurfy-puberulous, soon

glabrous. Flowers in-a nearly terminal, rather racemose, usually 8-flowered

truss; outer bud-scales obovate, cuspidately acuminate, scurfy-puberulous ;

inner oblong to linear, silky tomentose; pedicels about } in. long, shortly

tomentose, Calyx up to 2 in. long, glabrous outside, unequally lobed; lobes

purple, shortly ciliate. Corolla pinkish-purple, tubular, 5-lobed ; tube glabrous,

saccate at the base and there with a ring of purple patches, 3-1 in. long, about

7 in. across at the top; lobes 5, deeply emarginate, rounded, about % in. long.

Stamens 10, rather shorter than the corolla; filaments flattened, glabrous ;

anthers deep-purple, } in. long. Ovary 5-6-celled, yellow tomentose, conical ;

style about as long as the corolla, finely tomentose towards the base. Fruit

unknown,

Tas. 8727.—Fig. 1, tip of leaf; 2, calyx and ovary: 8, corolla, laid open ;

4, part of base of corolla-tube; 5 and 6, sinning? 7: stigina ; 8, transverse

section of ovary :—all enlarged,

AF

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Tas. 8728,

ASTER FUuSCESCENS,

Western China.

CompositakE. Tribe ASTEROIDEAER.

Aster, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 271,

Aster fuscescens, Bur. et Franch. in Journ. de Bot. vol. v. p- 49 (1891) ;

affinis A. scabro, Thunb., sed foliis latioribus petiolis inferioribus exalatis,

involucri bracteis lineari-lanceolatis acute acuminatis dorso glanduloso-

puberulis differt.

Herba; caulis simplex, usque ad 6 dm. altus, robustus, medio circiter 6 mm,

crassus, sulcatus, pilis crispatis pubescens. Folia inferiora longe petiolata,

late ovata, basi rotundata vel truncata, brevissime cuneato-producta, apice

rotundata, circiter 12 cm. longa et 10 cm. lata, tenuiter chartacea, repando-

dentata, dentibus conspicue mucronatis, utrinque praecipue in nervis parce

pubescentia ; nervi laterales utrinsecus circiter 4, marginem versus ramosi,

infra prominentes ; folia superiora breviter petiolata vel interdum sub-

sessilia, late ovata ad ovato-lanceolata, subacuta, denticulata; petioli

inferiores usque ad 16 cm. longi, haud alati, pilis minutis reflexis pube-

scentes. Corymbi subglobosi, multicapitulati, circiter 12 cm. diametro,

ramulis glanduloso-hirsutis, bracteis parvis subfoliaceis. Capitula circiter

3 cm. diametro, involucri bracteae circiter 3-seriatae, usque ad 8 mm.

longae, lineari-lanceolatae, acute acuminatae, dorso glanduloso-puberulae,

marginibus anguste membranaceis. Flores radii circiter 15, a basi patulo

leviter incurvati, violacei; corollae tubus 1 mm. longus, glaber ; limbus

_ linearis, apice 3-denticulatus, circiter 1 em. longus. Flores disci numerosi,

ochracei; corollae tubus subcylindricus, 5 mm. longus, glaber, breviter

5-lobus. Pappus fuscus, 6 mm. longus, minute barbellatus. Achaenia

anguste cbovoidea, leviter compressa, parce pubescentes.—J. HuTcHINson.

Aster fuscescens is a species originally discovered in 1889

by the late Abbé Delavay, in the Tsang-chang mountains,

Yunnan. It was met with again in 1890 near Ta-chien-lu,

in Szechuan, by Prince Henri d’Orléans and Mr. Bonvalot,

and was first described from their specimens. The

species bears considerable resemblance to the well-known

A. scaber, Thunb., which also occurs in Yunnan and

Szechuan, but extends thence northwards as far as Corea

and Japan. From that species A. fuscescens differs in

its more rounded leaves, its less winged petiole, and

particularly in the linear-lanceolate, acutely acuminate, ©

glandular-puberulous bracts of the involucre; the flower- —

_ SEPTEMBER, 1917. | '

heads of A. fuscescens are moreover distinctly larger than

these of A. scaber. The plant figured was grown from

seed presented to Kew in 1914 by Messrs. Bees. These

seeds had been collected in western China by Mr. F. K.

Ward. A hardy perennial which grows vigorously and

ripens its seeds freely in a herbaceous border, A. Juscescens

is well worth cultivating. At Kew it reaches a height

of about two feet.

Descriprion.— Herb ; stem simple, up to 2 ft. in height, stout, } in. thick,

ridged, pubescent with crisp rather reflexed hairs. Leaves near base of stem

long petioled, wide ovate, rounded at the tip, rounded or truncate and shortly

* cuneate at the base, about 5 in. long, 4 in. wide, thinly papery, repand-toothed,

teeth distinctly mucronate, sparsely pubescent on both surfaces, but especially

on the nerves; lateral nerves about 4 along each side of the midrib, branching

towards the leaf-margin, raised on the under surface; upper leaves shortly

petioled or sometimes nearly sessile, wide ovate to ovate-lanceolate, subacute,

denticulate ; lower petioles up to 6} in. long, not winged, finely pubescent with

short reflexed hairs. Corymbs somewhat globose, many-flowered, about 6 in.

across; twigs glandular-hairy, bracts small, rather leafy. Heads about 1} in,

across ; bracts of the involucre about 3-seriate, up to } in, long, linear-lanceolate,

acutely acuminate, glandular-pubescent on the back, the margins narrow,

membranous. Ray-florets about 15, slightly incurved from the spreading base,

violet ; corolla-tube .\, in. long, glabrous ; limb linear, minutely 3-toothed at

the tip, over 2 in. long. Disk-florets many, yellowish ; corolla-tube almost

cylindric, 2 in. long, glabrous, shortly 5-lobed. Pappus tawny, } in. long,

finely oe Achenes narrow obovoid, slightly compressed, sparingly

pubescen:

Tas. 8728,—Fig, a young flower-head; 2 ray-floret; 3, pappus-bristle,

4, disk-floret ; 5, anthers; 6, style-arms; 7, an achene, the pappus removed :—

sation ss

saat iat

i ee iT oars

——

Vincent Brooks. Day& Son Lemme

LReeve &C°London,

M.S.del IN-Fitch ith

Tas. 8729.

PLEIONE Pricetr.

Formosa.

OrcurpacEarE. Tribe EpmpENDREAE.'

Purtone, D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. p. 86; Benth. et Hook. Ff. Gen. Plant.

' vol. iii. p. 518, sub Coelogyne.

Pleione Pricei, Rolfe; Orch. Rev. 1916, p- 126 (nomen); species nova, a

P. formosana, Hayata, caule breviori unifloro, bracteis brevioribus et

labelli disco bilamellato differt.

Herba terrestris; pseudobulbi late ovoidei vel depresso-ovoidei, olivacei, vetusti

obscure angulati, 1-5-2 em. lati, monophylli, vaginis membranaceis acutis

obtecti. Folia per anthesin immatura, elliptico-lanceolata, acuta, 3°5-5 em.

longa, matura ad 22 cm. longa, 3°3 cm. lata. Scapi erecti, 6-8 cm. longi,

uniflori; bracteae oblongae, subacutae, convolutae, 2-2°5 cm. longae ;

pedicelli 13-2 em. longi. Flores speciosi, 11-11°5 em. lati, lilacini, labello

albidulo pallide brunneo-maculato, carinis pallide luteis. Sepala patentia,

lanceolata, acuta vel subapiculata, 4°5-5°5 cm. longa; lateralia subrecurva.

Petala anguste falcato-lanceolata, acuta, 5 cm. longa. Labellum con-

volutum, expansum late orbiculari-obovatum, insigniter fimbriatum, 5 cm.

longum, 4 em. latum; discus bilamellatus, lamellae undulatae, fere ad

apicem extensae. Colwmna clavata, 3 cm. longa.—R. A. Roure.

This pleasing Pleione is a native of Formosa, where it

was discovered by Mr. W. R. Price, during the joint

expedition to that island by Mr. H. J. Elwes and himself.

In 1914 pseudobulbs were sent by Mr. Price to Kew,

where they produced flowers in the following spring. It

was at first believed that the species might prove to be

P. formosana, Hayata, a native of the same island first

described in 1911, of which there is no specimen available

for comparison. The description of P. formosana, how-

ever, indicates that in that species the stems are ten

inches high with racemes of two to three flowers, bracts

over an inch and a half in length and a 4-lamellate in

place of the 2-lamellate lip-disk met with in P. Pricei.

The figure now given has been prepared from the plants

received at Kew from Mr. Price, but it has to be noted

_ that another plant, which flowered in the collection of

_ Mr. Elwes at Colesborne in April, 1917, produced a flower

OctopeER, 1917.

of a rather darker rosy-lilac shade with the bract more

distinctly lined with red. The species has thriven well

in a tropical house under the conditions and treatment

suitable for the Indian P. Hookeriana, which it resembles,

figured at t. 6388 of this work as a Coelogyne.

Description.—Herb, terrestrial; pseudobulbs wide-ovoid or depressed-ovoid,

olive-green, when old obscurely angled, 3-8 in. across, 1-foliate, clothed with

acute membranous sheaths. Leaves immature at time of flowering, elliptic-

lanceolate, acute, 13-2 in. long, when full grown up to 9 in. long by 1} in. wide.

Scapes erect, 1-flowered, 2}-3 in. long; bracts oblong, rather acute, convolute,

%-1 in. long; pedicels 3-3 in. long. Flowers showy, 44-4} in. wide, lilac or

rosy-lilac, with a whitish lip which is blotched with pale brown, and is

ornamented with yellow keels. Sepals spreading, lanceolate, acute or almost

apiculate, 43-54 in. long, the lateral pairs somewhat recurved. Petals narrowly

falcate-lanceolate, acute, 2 in. long, Lip convolute, wide orbicular-obovate

when spread out, markedly fimbriate, 2 in. long, 1} in. across; disk 2-lamellate,

. care undulate, extending nearly to the tip of the lip. Colwmn clavate,

in. long.

Tas. 8729,—Fig. 1, column ; 2, anther-cap ; 3, pollinia :—all enlarged.

>

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Vincent Brooks. Day&Son Léimp

MS. del.J.N Fitch lith.

L Reeve &C°London.

Tas. 8730.

CASTILLEJA MINIATA.

North America.

ScROPHULARIACEAE. Tribe EUPHRASIEAE,

CastitLEsa, Mutis; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen Plant. vol. ii. p. 973.

Castilleja miniata, Dougl. in Hook. Fl. Bor.-Amer. vol. ii. p. 106 ; Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vol. x. p. 582; A. Gray in Brewer & Wats. Bot. Calif.

vol. i. p. 574, et Syn. Fl. N. Amer, vol. ii. pars 1, ed. 2, p. 297; Howell, Fl.

Northwest Amer. vol. i. p. 581; Piper in Contrib. U.S. Nat. Herb. vol. xi.

» p. 515; Henshaw, Mountain Wild Flow. Amer. p. 170; Elwes in Gard.

Chron. 1916, vol. Ix. p. 9, fig. 4; species C. pallidae, Kunth, var. septen-

trionali, A. Gray, simillima, sed corollae labio postico longiore praesertim

differt.

Herba perennis. Caules e caudice sublignoso orti, adscendentes vel erecti,

simplices, usque ad 5 dm. alti, 3-4 mm. crassi, parce pilosi vel inferne

glabri, virides vel leviter purpurascentes, siccitate plus minusve nigro-

purpurascentes. /olia alterna, sessilia, lanceolata vel inferiora linearia,

apice angustata vel caudata, acutiuscula, integra vel apicem versus pauci-

dentata, 4°5-8 cm. longa, 4-12 mm. lata, 3-nervia, puberula, interdum

marginibus nervisque ciliatis. Flores brevissime pedicellati, in racemum

vel spicam terminalem 7-10 cm. longum primum confertim demum laxius

dispositi. Bracteae oblongo-lanceolatae, integrae vel apice incisae vel

dentatae, calyces vix superantes, glanduloso-pubescentes, 3-nerviae, in-

feriores fere omnino virides, superiores fere omnino speciose coccineae.

Calyx tubulosus, incurvus, 2-2°5 cm. longus, postice profunde antice

paulum profundius fissus, glanduloso-pubescens, inferne pallide viridis,

superne plus minusve coccineus; lobi 4, triangulari-lanceolati, 5-8 mm.

longi, basi 1°25-2 mm. lati, acuti vel apiculati. Corolla 2°5-8°5 cm.

longa; tubus tubuloso-infundibuliformis, incurvus, 1°5-2 cm. longus,

pubescens, albidus; labium posticum cymbiforme, margine involutum,

apice denticulatum, sat dense breviterque glanduloso-pubescens, dorso

pallide viride, margine coccineum; labium anticum 1°5-2 mm. longum,

8-lobum, basi labii postici adpressum, viride. Stamina 4, didynama,

longiora corollae subaequilonga; filamenta filiformia, glabra; antherae

: 2-loculares, parce pilosae. Ovariwm ellipsoideum, apice obliquum,

4-5 mm. longum, glabrum; stylus filiformis, glaber, breviter exsertus,

stigmate leviter 2-lobato.— C. pallida, var. wnalaschcensis, Cham. &

Schlecht. in Linnaea, vol. ii. p. 581, partim. C. pallida, var. miniata,

A. Gray in Amer. Journ. Sci. ser. 2, vol. xxxiv. p. 337. Huchroma integri-

folia, Nutt. ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vol. x. p. 582.—S. A. Sxan.

The genus Castilleja is composed of herbs or under-

shrubs which appear to be parasitic on the roots of other

plants and are for this reason, as is the case with many

_ Ocroser, 1917.

Scrophulariaceae of the tribes Gerardieae and Euphrasieae,

impossible or difficult to cultivate. Upwards of 150

species have been described, but many are of doubtful

validity, and their number would probably be consider-

ably reduced were the genus carefully revised. Mostly

natives of Western North America, several are found in

Central America, a few in the Andes of South America

and one in Brazil and other parts of Tropical South

America. One species, C. pallida, Kunth, extends from

North-West America to Northern Asia, Arctic Russia

and Lapland. C. miniata, popularly known as Bright

Painted-cup, has a wide distribution in Western North

America, ranging from Alaska southward along the

higher mountains to California. Jt was originally

described from specimens collected in 1826 by Douglas

in the Blue Mountains of Northern Oregon and from

others collected by Tolmie. The material figured was

sent to Kew by Mr. H. J. Elwes of Colesborne, Chelten-

ham, and this was furnished by a plant which he received

from Mr. F. R. 8. Balfour of Dawyck, Peeblesshire, who

sent it home with others during his visit to North-West

America in 1913. The plants were lifted near Lake

Agnes in the Canadian Rocky Mountains at about 8,000

feet elevation. Mr. Balfour was uncertain whether the

_ Species should be called C. purpurascens, Greenman, or

U. miniata, but was inclined to think that it should be

the latter, as it grows above timber line and is cardinal

searlet, occasionally pinkish and rarely whitish, whereas

the former is more usual at lower altitudes and is gener-

ally of a purplishhue. , purpurascens is not represented

in the Kew Herbarium. Judging from the description

there is nothing to distinguish it from C. miniata except

the purplish colour. According to Gray’s treatment of

Castilleja in his Synoptical Flora the plant now figured

should not be C. miniata, in which, he has stated, the

calyx is about equally cleft before and behind, and the

upper lip (galea) of the corolla is longer than the tube.

The plant described here has the calyx more deeply

cleft in front, and the upper lip of the corolla is distinctly

longer than the tube. In these characters the subject

of our figure agrees with the original types. C. miniatais

by no means a new introduction into English gardens.

It is stated that it was first grown in this country in

1874. There is a plant in the Rock Garden at Kew

which was received some years ago from the nursery of

Sir J. Gore Booth, Lissadell, Sligo. This has thriven

well in a partially shaded position in ordinary soil, and

has proved quite hardy. It flowers annually in June

and is easily propagated by seeds. The species has also

flowered in the varden of Mrs. Longstaff at Wimbledon

and in that of Mr. Balfour at Dawyck. When viewed

in great numbers and amid natural surroundings it is an

unusually striking plant. ‘For mass of colour,” writes.

Mr. Balfour regarding C. miniata and allied species, “ I

never saw anything equal to them except perhaps a

British poppy field.’ Several species of the genus have

appeared in gardens from time to time; one of these,

C. indivisa, Engelm., from Texas, is figured at t. 6376 of

this work.

Descriprion.—Herb, perennial; stems unbranched, ascending or erect from

a woody stock, up to 1} ft. high, xe in. thick, sparingly hairy or glabrous

downwards, green or faintly purplish, more or less dark purple when dry.

Leaves alternate, sessile, lanceolate or the lower linear, narrowed or caudate at

the tip, rather acute, entire or sparingly toothed near the tip, 13-3 in. long,

6- in. wide, 3-nerved, puberulous, occasionally ciliate along the nerves and

the margin. Flowers shortly pedicelled, at first closely, ultimately rather

loosely clustered in a terminal raceme or spike 8-4 in. long. Bracts oblong-

lanceolate, entire or incised or toothed at the tip, hardly longer than the calyx,

glandular-pubescent, 3-nerved, the lower wholly green, the upper almost wholly

bright pink. Calyx tubular, incurved, #-1 in. long, deeply cleft behind, more-

deeply in front, glandular-pubescent, pale green below, more or less pink

upwards; lobes 4, triangular-lanceolate, 3-1 in. long, ysis in. wide at the

base, acute or apiculate. Corolla 1-1} in. long; tube tubular-funnel-shaped,,.

incurved, §—$ in. long, pubescent, whitish ; upper lip boat-shaped with involute

edges and denticulate tip, closely shortly glandular-pubescent, pale green on

the back, the margins pink ; lower lip 3-3 in. long, 3-lobed, adpressed to the

base of the upper lip, green. Stamens 4, didynamous, the longer pair nearly as

long as the corolla; filaments filiform, glabrous; anthers 2-celled, sparingly

hairy. Ovary ellipsoid with the tip oblique, 4-s_in. long, glabrous; style

filiform, glabrous, shortly exserted ; stigma shortly 2-lobed.

TAB. 8730.—Fig. 1, bract; 2, flower; 3, flower with the calyx laid open ;

4 and 5, anthers with portions of filaments; 6, pistil:—all enlarged.

aren

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MS.del. JN Fitch

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Tas. 8731.

ORTHROSANTHUS cHIMBORACENSIS.

Mexico to Peru.

Inmacear. Tribe SisyRIncHigaR.

OrtHRosanTHUS, Sweet; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 697.

Orthrosanthus chimboracensis, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1876, vol. vi. p. 67,

et in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. vol. xvi. p. 112, et in Handb. Irid. p. 119;

Hemsl. Biol. Centr.-Amer. vol. iii. p. 8329; species O. spicato, Baker, affinis,

inflorescentia paniculatim ramosa distinguenda.

Herba perennis; rhizoma breve, obliquum, lignosum. Folia linearia, 88 cm.

longa, 7 mm. lata, equitantia, herbida, marginibus minutissime denseque

serratis. Pedunculus rigidus, viridis, 50 cm. altus; bracteae primariae

herbaceae, margine membranaceae pubescentesque, lanceolatae, acu-

minatae, 2°5 cm. longae, acute carinatae, in carina ciliatae; flores ad

bractearum axillas fasciculati ; bracteae secundariae ovato-lanceolatae, 1 cm.

longae, quam primariae minus acute carinatae ciliataeque; bracteolae 2,

ovato-lanceolatae, subobtusae, herbaceae marginibus latis membranceis

praeditae ; pedicelli 2-5 cm. longi. Pertanthiwm lavandulaceo-azureum ;

segmenta subaequalia, 15 mm. longa, 10 mm. lata, patentia, obovata,

exteriora breviter cuspidata, interiora apice obtusa basi subito contracta.

Filamenta libera, subulata, 5 mm. longa; antherae lanceolatae, luteae,

5 mm. longae. Stylc rami subulati, purpurei, 8 mm. longi. Ovarium

eylindricum, nitidum, viride, 7 mm. longum. Fructus oblongus, trisul-

catus, 2 cm. longus, 4 mm. diametro, obscure brunneus.—O. Moritzianus,

Klotzsch ex Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. vol. xvi. p. 112. Moraea

chimboracensis et M. acorifolia, H. B. & K.,.Nov. Gen. et Sp. vol. i. p. 822.

Sisyrinchiwm Moritzianum, Klatt in Linnaea, vol. xxxi. p. 878.—

C. H. Wricur.

The genus Orthrosanthus, ‘morning flower,” includes

seven species, five of which are confined to West

Australia; a sixth species is said to occur in South

Brazil; the seventh, which is here figured, has a wider

range than any of the others, for it extends along the

Andes from southern Mexico to Peru and Bolivia. The

nearest ally of Orthrosanthus is Sisyrinechium, Linn., from

which our genus differs in having free filaments. But

the Brazilian species O. spicatus, Baker, is said to have

the filaments united, and on this account it has been

referred, in the ‘ Flora Brasiliensis,” to Sisyrinchium. If

this treatment be accurate, then 0. chimboracensis, the

Ocroper, 1917.

species now figured, is the only member of the genus in

South America. Though this Species was originally

described many years ago, it does not appear to have

been introduced to cultivation until 1876, when it

flowered in the collection of Mr. Tyerman. The material

for our plate was supplied by Mr. H. J. Elwes, with whom

it flowered at Colesborne, Cheltenham, in 1916. Mr.

Elwes informs us that the record of the original source

of his plant has been lost. In his collection it grows

well in a cold greenhouse, and sets seeds freely.

Description.—Herb, perennial; rootstock short, oblique, woody. Leaves

linear, 15 in. long, about } in. wide, equitant, grassy, margins closely and finely

serrate. Peduncle rigid, green, over 1} ft. high; primary bracts herbaceous,

with membranous, pubescent margins, lanceolate, acuminate, 1 in. long,

sharply keeled, ciliate on the keel; flowers fascicled in the bract-axils;

Secondary bracts ovate-lanceolate, % in. long, less sharply keeled und less

ciliate than the primary ones; bracteoles 2, ovate-lanceolate, rather obtuse,

herbaceous with broad membranous margins; pedicels 1-2 in. long. Perianth

lavender-blue; segments almost equal, 3 in. long, 2 in. wide, spreading,

obovate, the outer shortly cuspidate, the inner blunt at the tip, suddenly con-

tracted at the base. Filaments free, subulate, 1 in. long; anthers lanceolate,

yellow, 3 in. long. Style-arms subulate, purple, } in. long. Ovary cylindric,

part green, over} in. long. Fruit oblong, 8-sulcate, 3 in. long, i in. wide,

rown.

Tas. 8781.—Fig. 1, flower, with perianth removed; 2 and 8, anthers;

4, style-arms ; 5, fruit; 6, seeds; 7, sketch of an entire plant:—all enlarged

except 5, which is of natural size, and 7, which is much reduced.

8732

Slee

alpen same ies raniane an aR Saat gS

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MS.del JN Fitch lith Vincent Brooks, Day&Son leap

Bae iis ogcanrcsercuen grip ets ice tia) Xe Ne

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Tas. 8732.

DAPHNE GrrRabpit.

: China.

THYMELAEACEAE, Tribe EUTHYMELAEFAE.

Dapune, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 190.

Daphne Giraldii, Nitsche, Beitr. Kenntn. Gatt. Daphne (Diss.) p. 7; Rehder

in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. vol. ii. p. 545; inter species subsectionis

Alpinarum, Keissl., floribus aureis glaberrimis distinctissima.

Frutex erectus, 0°75 m.altus, glaberrimus. Folia primo anno decidua, alterna,

sessilia, anguste oblanceolata, subacuta vel obtusa, saepe minute apiculata,

basin versus magis minusve attenuata, 4-6 cm. longa, vix 1 cm. lata, papy-

racea, glaberiima. Flores adramorum apices capitato-glomerata, pauci (in

planta culta ad 8), subsessiles, ebracteati, glaberrimi, aurei. Receptaculum

tubulosum, 6-8 mm. longum, 2°5 mm. latum. Sepala ovata, acuta, ad

4mm. longa. Petala0. Staminum series inferior paulo supra medium

tubum, supe ior in faucibus inserta. Ovariwm sessile; stigma depresso-

globosum, sessile. Fructus ovoideus, 8 mm. latus.—D. tangutica, Pritz.

in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. vol. xxix. p. 481; non Maxim.—O. Srapr.

The Daphne here figured was first met with by Pere

Giraldi, after whom it is named, in 1894 on Mt. Tue-lian-

pu in Northern Shensi. It was collected by him again

in 1897 in other localities in the Tsin-ling range, and in

1899 it was found by Mr. H. Scallan on Mt. Ugosan in

the same province. Some years later it was found in

Western Kansu, at elevations of about 9,000 feet, on the

mountains to the west of the Tow River by Mr. W.

Purdom when collecting on behalf of Messrs. J. Veitch

and Sons, by whom it was introduced to cultivation.

The material for our plate of D. Giraldii has been

supplied by Mr. G. W. E. Loder from a plant in his

garden at Wakehurst Place, Ardingly, Sussex. This

plant, which was obtained from Messrs. Veitch in 1913,

has been grown since then in an open border, where

it has proved quite hardy and has developed into a bush

two and a half feet high with a crown four feet in

circumference. It has flowered fairly freely at Wake-

hurst Place, but does not set seed very readily. Mr.

OcropEr, 1917.

Loder informs us that he has been able to layer the

plant and has succeeded in striking a few cuttings.

D. tangutica, Maxim., the species with which it has been

confused, differs in having persistent leaves and bracteate

inflorescences. The remaining species of the section

Alpinae have white, silky flowers, and all occupy areas

which lie to the north and west of that in which

D. Giraldii occurs.

Description.—Shrub, erect, 2} ft. in height, quite glabrous. Leaves

deciduous, alternate, sessile, narrowly oblanceolate, obtuse or slightly acute,

often finely apiculate, more or less narrowed to the base, 3-21 in. long, about

3 in. wide, papery, quite glabrous. Flowers capitately clustered at the tips of

the branches, rather few (in cultivated plants about 8 to a cluster), nearly

sessile, bractless, quite glabrous, golden yellow. Receptacle tubular, 3-1 in.

long, y5 in. wide. Sepals ovate, acute, up to 1 in. long. Petals 0, Stamens

2-seriate; the lower inserted a little above the middle of the tube ; the upper

inserted in the throat. Ovary sessile; stigma depressed globose, sessile.

Fruit ovoid, } in. in diameter.

Tas. 8732.—Fig. 1, flower; 2, the same, in vertical section; 8 and 4, anthers;

5, fruit, nearly ripe, with subtending leaf:—all enlarged except 5, which is of

natural size,

8733

we

ata

va

av & Son Limp

Ancent Brooks,D

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V

MS.del. JN Fitch lth.

LReeve &C° London

TaB. 8733.

PRUNUS suBHIRTELLA, var. AUTUMNALIS.

Japan.

Rosaceak, Tribe PRUNEAE.

Pronvus, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 609.

Prunus subhirtella,’ Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. vol. ii. p. 91, var.

autumnalis, Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. vol. xxii. p. 117 (1908); Wilson

in Cherries of Japan, p. 12; varietas distincta auctumno vergente nec

tempore verno florescens, corollam petalis 10-15 nee 5 tantum instructam

exhibens, ceterum cum typo arcte congruens.

Arbor parva, 8-6 m. alta; ramuli primum pubescentes mox fere glabri.

Folia ovata vel ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, basi late cuneata vel rotun-

data, margine serrata vel interdum duplicato-serrata dentibus apice

glandulosis, 4-9 cm. longa, 1-2-8 cm. lata, primum utrinque pubescentia,

demum supra glabrescentia, supra laete viridia, subtus hebetia; petiolus

pubescens, 1-2-2 cm. longus; glandulae marginales prope laminae basin

1-2, conspicuae. Flores auctumno vergente secus ramulos foliatos

abbreviatos axillares, auctumno exacto secus ramulos nudos ex axillis

foliorum delapsorum enati, odorati, 2°5-3 cm, lati; pedicelli glabri vel parce

pilosi, 2°5-4 cm. longi, 1-8 fasciculatim aggregati, basi squamis parvis

membranaceis circumdati, saepius medium versus bracteis 1-2 laciniatis

instructi. Receptaculum tubulosum vel infundibulare, glabrum vel parce

pilosum. Sepala 5, ovato- lanceolata, serrata, glabra, 6 mm. longa.

Petala 10-15, pallide punicea vel albida, obcuneata vel ovalia, acuta vel

truncata, saepe emarginata. Stamina indefinita; filamenta glabra,

-punicea; antherae luteae. Ovariwm ovoideum, apicem versus parce

pilosum; stylus glaber. Fructus ignotus.—P. autwmnalis, Koehne in

Plant. Wils. vol. i. p. 259. P. makinoana, Koehne in Fedde, Rep. Spec.

Nov. vol. xi. p. 271. P. microlepis, Bean in Trees & Shrubs, vol. ii.

p. 248; non Koehne. P. microlepis, var. Smithit, Koehne apud Bean in

Kew Bull. 1914, p. 51. P. Miqueliana, Hort. ; non Maxim.—W. J. Bray.

The Cherry here figured was originally introduced to

the United Kingdom by Mr. T. Smith of Newry, and

distributed by him as Prunus Miqueliana, the name under

which he had received it from Japan. The plant from

which the material for our plate was gathered is one in

the Kew collection which was purchased from Mr. Smith

in 1912. It flowered in December of that year, and on

being compared with an authentic example of P. Mique-

liana was found to difier from that species. It was then

sent to Professor Koehne of Berlin, who expressed the

view that it was a variety of his P. microlepis. The

material at his disposal was, however, very incomplete,

OcrosER, 1917,

and since then this and other Japanese cherries have

been very carefully studied in the living state in their

native country by Mr. E. H. Wilson, who has definitely

concluded that the subject of our illustration is the

autumn-flowering variety of P. subhirtella, Miq., figured

at t. 7508 of this work. The confusion as to the identity

of this tree is shown by the involved nomenclature

quoted by Mr. Bean. This confusion appears to have

resulted from the variable shape of the receptacle which

while usually funnel-shaped or tubular may be campanu-

late or even tumid below the middle. This variability

is largely dependent on the degree of ‘‘doubleness”’ in

the flower. Coming into blossom as it does in October

and bearing delightfully fragrant flowers which continue

to appear until December, this tree forms a charming

accession to our flora. The figure given was prepared

in October, 1916, while the tree was still in leaf, and was

then as gay as any spring-flowering cherry. At Kew it

does not flower so freely during the two latter months

when the leaves have fallen; this, however, is perhaps

only because weather conditions are then usually more

inclement. According to Wilson this variety in Japan

does sometimes, like the typical P. subhirtella, produce

flowers in April, although even then it does so sparingly ;

at Kew it has not, so far, produced any flowers in spring.

Description.—Trree of bushy habit, 10-20 ft. high, branchlets pubescent

when young, nearly glabrous by autumn. Leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate,

rounded to broadly cuneate at the base, acuminate, serrate, sometimes biserrate,

the teeth gland-tipped, 14-8} in, long, 3-1} in. wide, pubescent on both

surfaces when young, becoming bright green and glabrescent above, dull green

beneath ; petiole 4~{ in. long, pubescent, with one or two conspicuous glands

near the base of the blade. Fascicles axillary, 1-3-flowered, appearing on

short leafy twigs in October, or on the naked shoots in November and December.

Flowers fragrant, 1-1} in. wide ; pedicels 1-1} in. long, surrounded at the base

by a cluster of short membranous scales, slightly pilose or glabrous, often

furnished towards the middle with one or two laciniate bracts. Receptacle

funnel-shaped to tubular, glabrous or slightly pilose. Sepals 5, ovate-

lanceolate, serrate, glabrous, } in. long. Petals 10 to 15 (5 in the type), pale

pink, obcuneate to oval, truncate to acute and usually notched at the apex.

Stamens numerous, the filaments glabrous and half as long as the petals ;

anthers yellow. _ Ovary ovoid, slightly pilose towards the summit; style

slightly overtopping the stamens, glabrous. Fruit not seen.

whey, Ooo Fig. 1, base of leaf, showing glands; 2, a flower in vertical

cnlatoi the petals and pistil removed; 8 and 4, anthers; 6, pistil :—all

8734

o £ oe er | : : as ae

MS. del. INFitch.hith - Vincent. Brooks,D ayi Son} 2m

'L Reeve &C° London.

| Tas; 8734,

MEGACARPAEA POLYANDRA.

Himalaya.

CrucireRAE, Tribe THLASPIDEAE.

Mecacarpaza, DC.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 91.

Megacarpaea polyandra, Benth. ex Madden in Proc. Bot. Soc. Edinb, 1855,

p-41; Strach. et Winterb. ex Benth. in Hook. Kew Journ. vol. vii. p. 353,

tt. 7,8; Hook. f. et Thoms. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. v. p. 176; Hook. J.

et T. And, Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. i. p. 161; Gard. Chron. 1892, vol. xii,

p. 17, fig 4 et 1916, vol. lix. p. 255, fig. 107, 108; species M. bifidae, Benth.

affinis, foliorum segmentis dentatis et siliquarum forma distincta.

Herba perennis, radice versus collum ad vel ultra 13 em. crassa, caulibus saepe

pluribus e collo ortis cum inflorescentiis ad 2 m. altis, robustis. Folia

basalia pinnatisecta, ultra 0°75 m. longa, segmentis utrinque 8-9 lanceo-

latis acuminatis varie serrato-dentatis vel denticulatis, subtus sparse

molliter pubescentibus vel subglabris, caulinis similibus nisi minoribus

segmentisque paucioribus vel summis integris lineari-lanceolatis. Injlores-

centia ampla, paniculata, rhachi ramis pedicellisque magis minusve villo-

sulis; pedicelli ad 1°5 cm. longi. Sepala late elliptica, obtusissima,

5 mm. longa, membranacea, albida. Petala obovata, sepala aequantia,

crenulata, luteo-albida. Glandulae tot quot stamina, virides, ad filamen-

torum bases. Stamina 8-15, filamentis crassiusculis petalis fere aequi-

longis, antheris 1:5 mm. longis. Ovariwm lateraliter compressum, ambitu

fere orbiculare ; stigma capitatum, subsessile. Siliqua juvenilis orbicularis,

emarginata, mox distincte et saepissime inaequaliter biloba, lobis alatis,

matura fuscescens, saepe lobo uno parvo hebetato altero orbiculari ad

2°5 cm. diametro ala 8 mm. lata inclusa. Semen unicum, ambitu

ellipticum, applanatum, 1 cm. longum, radicula accumbente.—O. Srapr.

The genus Megacarpaca is widely spread in Asia from the

Caspian Sea to Western China, and from the Altai range

to the Western Himalaya. It includes some seven

species, one of which, J/. bifida, Benth., confined to

Kashmir, and a second, M. polyandra, Benth., now figured,

occurring both in Kashmir and Kamaon, deviate remark-

ably in the number and disposition of their stamens from

the arrangement characteristic of the natural family

Cruciferae to which the genus belongs. The presence of

the genus in the Himalaya was first ascertained by

Dr. H. Falconer, who obtained flowering specimens of

iM. polyandra in Kashmir in 1838. Specimens, in leaf

-Novemper, 1917.

only, were obtained by Mr. J. E. Winterbottom in the

same province in 1847. In 1848 it was gathered for the

first time in Kamaon, in flower, by (Captain afterwards

General Sir) R. Strachey; and in 1849 it was met with

also in Kamaon by Colonel E. Madden in flower in

May and June, in fruit during September and October.

Since then it has been met with in Kashmir by Dr. J. E.

T. Aitchison, and in both provinces by Mr. J. F. Duthie

who gathered it, in flower, in Kamaon in 1886, and, in

fruit, in Kashmir in 1892. For the introduction of the

species to this country, horticulture is indebted to Colonel

Madden, by whom seeds were sent to Glasnevin in 1849.

The plant raised there by Mr. D. Moore throve well and

grew to a great size, but did not flower until 1855.

Plants raised from seed subsequently introduced flowered

in 1889 in the garden of Sir J. D. Hooker at the Camp,

Sunningdale, and in 1892, under the care of Mr. F.

Burbidge, in that of Trinity College, Dublin. At Kew

and at Cambridge, on the other hand, where plants were

grown for many years, M. polyandra never produced

flowers. The same was the case with two other plants,

received from Kew, which grew for many years in the

garden of the late Canon Ellacombe, at Bitton. In

1908 the Bitton plants were transferred to the garden of

Mr. G. H. Wollaston, Flaxley Cottage, Flax Bourton,

where at last one of them flowered in 1916. The material

for our illustration was kindly supplied by Mr. Wollaston

from this plant, which has thriven quite well in a

herbaceous border in ordinary soil and with no special

treatment. After flowering the plant died down, but

recovered itself in the following spring. The nearest

ally of M. polyandra is M. bifida. But while the two

share the peculiarity of possessing more than six stamens

they are readily distinguished by their leaves, the

segments of which are toothed in M. polyandra, quite

entire in M. bifida; and by their fruits, usually unequally

lobed and never deeply divided in WM. polyandra, almost

always equally lobed and always very deeply divided in

M. byida. They share further the peculiarity of shy and

erratic flowering; in the case of J/. bifida, indeed, which

has long been in cultivation at Kew, there is no record

as yet of its having flowered in this country. In the

Himalaya MM. polyandra occurs on the open downs above

the tree-limit at elevations of 10,000-13,000 feet; as

late as 1872 it was believed that I. bifida, which has been

gathered at elevations of under 8,000 feet, was confined

to a lower zone. This is now known not to be the case ;

M. bifida was collected by Dr. Giles, in 1885, at 12,000

feet above sea-level in Kashmir. The roots of M. poly-

andra, which is known to the mountaineers of Kamaon

as the Rugi, are pounded and eaten as a condiment; in

Kashmir the leaves are used as a vegetable.

Description.—Herb, perennial ; root 4-5 in. thick at the crown, giving off

several stout stems which, when in flower, are 6-8 ft. high. Leaves pinnati-

sect; basal 23 ft. long, segments about 8-9 on each side, lanceolate,

acuminate, serrate-dentate or denticulate, sparingly softly pubescent or nearly

glabrous beneath ; cauline similar but smaller, with fewer segments or the

uppermost entire and linear-lanceolate. Inflorescence very large, panicled, the

rachis, branches and pedicels more or less finely hairy ; pedicels up to 2 in. long.

Sepals wide-elliptic, quite obtuse, } in. long, membranous, white. Petals

obovate, as large as the sepals, crenulate, yellowish-white. Glands at the base

of the filaments as many as the stamens, green. Stamens 8-15, filaments

rather stout, almost as long as the petals; anthers small. Ovary compressed

laterally, almost orbicular in outline; stigma capitate, nearly sessile. Siliqua

when young orbicular, emarginate, soon distinctly but usually unequally

2-lobed ; lobes winged, when ripe tawny, often with one small dull-green lobe

and with the other orbicular, 1 in. across, including the } in. wide wing. Seed

solitary, elliptic in outline, flattened, 2 in. long; radicle accumbent.

Tas. 8734.—Fig. 1, flower-bud ; 2, flower; 8, stamens and pistil ; 4, anther ;

5, sketches of entire plant, from a photograph :—all enlarged except 5, which is

much reduced,

Mitiniadhsieemeee

aa MOR a ET at Aner otNomannetpe

Vincent Brooks,Day & Son Lvtimp

L. Reeve &C°London

Tap. 8736,

PRIMULA nutans,

Yunnan,

Primutackar, Tribe Prrmubzar.

Primuta, Linn.; Benth, et Hook, Sf. Gen, Plant, vol. ii. p. 681,

Primula (§ Soldanelloides) nutans, Delavay ex Franch, in Bull. Soc. Bot. —

France, vol. xxxiii. p. 69 (1886); Pax in Engl, Bot. Jahrb. vol. x. p. 193

(1889); Forbes et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. vol. xxvi. p. 40 (1889) ;

Paz et Knuth, Primulaveae, p. 94 (1905); Balf. f. in Journ, Roy. Hort.

Soc, vol. xxxix. p. 153 (1913); affinis P. penduliflorae, Franch., sed foliis

duplo repando-denticulatis angustioribus differt,

Herba ut videtur monocarpica, usque ad 80 cm. alta, basi leviter fibrosa. Folia

petiolata, elliptico-oblanceolata, apice obtusissima yel rotundata, basi in

petiolum late alatum sensim attenuata, 6-15 cm. longa, 3-8-5 cm, lata,

duplo repando-denticulata, tenuiter chartacea vel membranacea, utrinque

breviter et mollissime pubescentia ; nervi laterales utrinsecus 8-10, a costa

sub angulo 45° abeuntes, utrinque prominuli; petioli 8-4 cm. longi, late

membranaceo-alati. Flores 6-10, nutantes, in capitulum longe pedun-

culatum dispositi, sessiles; pedunculi apicem versus albo-farinosi, foliis

duplo longiores, Calyx late campanulatus; tubus 5 mm. longus, viridis,

extra albo-pulverulentus, lobis late ovatis acutis 2°65 mm. longis 2 mm.

latis. Corolla violacea ; tubus cylindricus, 0°75-1 em. longus, extra albo-

pulverulentus, in limbum 5-lobatum circiter 2 cm. diametro expansus,

lobis ovato-orbicularibus circiter 7 mm. diametro apice inter dentes duos

minutos mucronulatis. Antherae infra tubi medium insertae, late ovoideae,

1°56 mm, longae. Stylus 7 mm. longus, stigmate depresso-capitato.—

J. Horcuinson,

The charming Primula here described and figured is a

denizen of woodlands at high altitudes in Yunnan, where

it was originally discovered by the late Abbé Delavay, —

by whom it was named P. nutans. Its introduction to

our gardens we owe to Mr. G. Forrest, by whom seeds

were obtained and transmitted to Mr. J. C. Williams,

Caerhays Castle, Cornwall. The plant fi gured was raised

from seed presented to Kew by Mr. Williams in 1915.

The species is a member of the section distinguished by

Professor Bayley Balfour as Soldunellvides, and is not

easily distinguished from another described later by

Mr. Franchet as P. penduliflora, of which our material is

not altogether adequate. The two appear to differ as

Novemser, 1917,

regards foliage, the leaves of P. penduliflora being only

simply dentate with the teeth more distant. The section

includes several beautiful Himalayan species, most of

which are in cultivation, and all of which have rather

few nodding or reflexed sessile flowers arranged in more

or less globose heads. Among these may be mentioned

P. Reidii, Duthie, figured in this work at t. 6961, and

P. Watt, King, figured at t. 8456. The representative

species of the section is taken by Professor Balfour to be

P. spicata, Franch. At Kew P. nutans has grown well

and flowered freely in the Rock Garden and also in pots

in a cold frame. It is evidently quite hardy. It pro-

duces good seeds, but perishes after flowering.

Description.—Herb, in cultivation monocarpic, up to 1 ft. high; base some-

what fibrous. Leaves petioled, elliptic-oblanceolate, quite obtuse or rounded

at the tip, gradually narrowed downwards with a broad winged petiole,

25-6 in. long, 1}-1} in. wide, doubly repand - toothed, thinly papery or

membranous, shortly softly hairy on both surfaces; lateral nerves 8-10 along

each side of the midrib, which they leave at an angle of 45°, raised on both

surfaces; petiole 14-1 in. long, with broad membranous wings. Flowers ©

6-10, nodding, sessile, crowded in a long-stalked head; scape white-mealy

towards the top, twice as long as the leaves. Calyx wide-campanulate ; tube

% in. long, green, white-mealy outside, lobes wide-ovate, acute, qo in. long,

tz in. wide. Corolla violet ; tube cylindric, 1-2 in. long, white-mealy outside,

expanding into a 5-lobed limb about #3 in. across, with ovate-orbicular lobes

over } in. across, which are mucronulate at the apex between two small teeth.

Anthers inserted below the middle of the tube, wide-ovoid, 1; in. long. Style

over in. long; stigma depressed-capitate.

Tas. 8735.—Fig. 1, part of a leaf; 2, ca) d pistil ; i ;

inm* nme 6 al wns

8736

L Reeve &C9 London.

Tas. 8736.

RHODODENDRON Farazstt.

China.

EricaceagE, Tribe RooporEar.

Rwopopenpron, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. Ff. Gen, Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron Fargesii, Franch. in Journ. de Bot. vol. ix. p. 390 (1895) ;

Hemsl. et E. H. Wils. in Kew Bulletin, 1910, p. 109; Bork Chron. 1912,

vol. li. p. 252, et vol. lii. p. 4, fig. 4; Rehder et E. H. Wils. in Sargent, Pi.

Wilson, vol. i. p. 540 (1913); Bean, Trees & Shrubs, vol. ii. p. 354

(1914) ; species affinis R. erubescenti, Hutchinson, sed filamentis glabris

distinguenda. :

Frutex valde ramosus ; rami nitidi, glabri; ramuli hornotini brevissimi, pur-

purei, parce glanduloso-lepidoti. Folia pauca, oblonga vel oblongo-elliptica,

utrinque rotundata vel basi subcordata, apice minute mucronata, 5-12 em.

longa, 2°5-4 cm. lata, tenuiter coriacea, glabra, infra reticulata, pallidiora ;

nervi laterales tenuissimi, numerosi, marginem versus ramosi et evanidi;

petioli usque ad 2 cm. longi, purpurascentes. Flores 6-7, umbellati;

perulae late ovatae, ciliatae, extra glabrae; pedicelli breves, vix 1 cm.

longi, pilis brevibus apice glandulosis dense induti. Calyx brevissimus,

undulatus, extra glanduloso-pubescens, Corolla alabastro coccinea demum

rosea, late infundibuliformis, 6-7-loba; tubus 3-8-5 cm. longus, extra

glaber; lobi suborbiculares, erecto-patentes, 1°5-2 cm. lati. Stamina

circiter 14, paullo exserta; filamenta glabra; antherae purpurascentes,

3mm. longae. Ovariwm circiter 8-loculare, plerumque pilis paucis glandu-

losis instructum; stylus staminibus paullo longior, coccineus, glaber,

stigmate lobulato coronatus. Capsula haud visa.—J. Hurcuinson. ad

The charming /?hodcdendron here figured is a native of

China, where it is common in the mountains of Eastern

Szechuan and Western Hupeh. It was originally

discovered near Tchen-keou-tin, in the former province,

by Farges, in whose honour it was named f&. /argesii

by Franchet in 1895. It was met with again in the latter

province by Mr. E. H. Wilson, in 1901, when collecting

on behalf of Messrs. Veitch. In Western Hupeh, Wilson

found it to be abundant in the upper woodlands, never

occurring at elevations below 6,000 feet. The species

was raised in their Coombe Wood nursery by Messrs.

Veitch from seed supplied by Wilson, and the material

for our plate has been obtained from a plant purchased

Novemner, 1917,

for Kew from Messrs. Veitch in 1913. At Kew it is not

a very leafy or free-growing shrub, and although it is

apparently hardy enough to withstand frosts as severe

as those experienced during the winter of 1916-17, it

thrives much better in the south-western counties.

Blossoming as it does in April, its flowers are liable to

damage by late frosts, a disadvantage which it shares

with many other Chinese species of the genus. When

seen at its best R. Fargesii is very pleasing in the soft

colouring of its blossoms which, according to Wilson,

vary in their native woods from deep rosy red to nearly

or quite white. Its nearest ally is &. erubescens, Hutchin-

son, figured at t. 8463 of this work, but it is readily

distinguished from that species by its perfectly glabrous

filaments. The nearest Himalayan species is /. campylo-

carpum, Hook. f., a denizen of high altitudes in Sikkim,

figured at t. 4968 of this work, which differs in having

yellow flowers and slightly pulverulent leaves.

Description.— Shrub, branching freely ; branches glabrous, polished ; young

twigs very short, purple, sparsely clothed with glandular scales. Leaves few,

oblong or elliptic-oblong, rounded and finely mucronulate at the tip, rounded or

slightly cordate at the base, 2-43 in. long, 1-1} in. wide, thinly leathery,

glabrous, finely reticulate and rather paler beneath ; lateral nerves numerous,

very slender, branching and becoming obsolete near the margin; petiole up to

= in. long, purplish. Flowers in umbellate 6-7-flowered trusses; bud-scales

wide ovate, ciliate, glabrous externally; pedicels short, about 3 in. long,

densely clothed with short gland-tipped hairs. Calyx very short, glandular-

pubescent outside; its margin wavy. Corolla pink in bud, at length rose-

coloured, wide funnel-shaped, 6-7 ‘lobed ; tube 11-12 in, long, glabrous outside ;

lobes nearly orbicular, slightly spreading, 2-3 in. wide. Stamens about 14,

slightly exserted ; filaments glabrous ; anthers purplish, 1 in. long. Ovary

about 8-celled, usually with a few glandular hairs ; style rather longer than the

stamens, pink, glabrous ; stigma lobulate, Capsule unknown.

sri

Tas, 8736.—Fig. 1, portion of a leaf, showing the venation ; 2, calyx and

pistil; 3 and 4, stamens; 5, anther; 6, transverse section of ovary :—all

enlarged,

Vincent Brooks, Day& Son Lt*imp-

L.Reeve &C? London

Tas. 8737.

SARCOCHILUS soLOMONENSIS.

Solomon Islands.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE.

Sarcocuius, R. Br.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol, iii. p. 575.

Sarcochilus solomonensis, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1908, p. 72; species a

S. Engleriano, Kraenzl., foliis latioribus, floribus majoribus, labelli

caleare oblongo et disco cristato distincta.

Herba epiphytica, habitu Phalaenopseos ; caulis brevis, erectus. Folia disticha,

recurva, oblonga, obtusa vel oblique et brevissime bidentata, 20-25 cm.

longa, 5-6 cm, lata. Scapi axillares, suberecti vel arcuati, interdum sub-

penduli, 80-35 cm. longi; racemi subdensi, multiflori; bracteae patentes,

triangulari-ovatae, acuminatae, 2-3 mm. longae, basi concavae ; pedicelli

patentes, graciles, 1°5 cm. longi. Flores gilvi, brunneo-punctati. Sepala

subpatentia, obovata, obtusa, 1°2-1°5 cm. longa, basi cuneato-attenuata.

Petala subpatentia, sepalis subaequalia. Labellum brevissime unguicu-

latum, 3-lobum, 0°6-0°8 cm. longum, ungue lineari, lobis lateralibus sub-

patentibus oblongis obtusis vel minute dentatis, lobo intermedio minuto

quadrato apice denticulato, disco cristato, caleare erecto oblongo obtuso.

Columna oblonga, circiter 2 mm. longa. Pollinia 2, obovoidea ; stipes

clavato-oblonga; glandula squamiformis.—R, A. RoLre.

The interesting Sarcochilus here fi gured was originally

described from herbarium material accompanied by a

photograph of an entire plant communicated to Kew by

Mr. C. M. Woodford from Tulagi, in the Solomon Islands,

in which archipelago he reported the species to be

common. Subsequently a living plant was brought

from the archipelago to England by Sir Everard im

Thurn, and presented to Kew in September, 1910. Here

it has been grown in a tropical house, in company with

various members of the genus Phalaenopsis, to some of

which our plant, when out of bloom, bears a considerable

resemblance. Like these it thrives remarkably well

under conditions of great heat and moisture, with dense

shade during bright weather. Under these conditions it

flowered in June, 1916, when the figure here supplied

was prepared. Though so like a Phalaenopsis in habit,

the plant differs greatly in its inflorescence and floral

NovemsBsr, 1917.

. Structure from any member of that genus. The flowers

of S. solomonensis, as is the case with many members of

the genus Sarcochilus, are singularly fugacious, but after a

short interval another crop of bloom is borne by the

same inflorescence. The genus has a wide range in

South-eastern Asia and extends from India to North

Australia. -

Description.—Herb, epiphytic, in habit resembling a Phalaenopsis; stem

short, erect. Leaves distichous, recurved, oblong, obtuse or oblique and slightly

2-toothed at the tip, 8-10 in. long, 2-2} in. wide. Sepals axillary, nearly straight

or somewhat curved, occasionally slightly pendulous, 12-14 in. long ; racemes

rather dense, very many-flowered ; bracts spreadin g, triangular-ovate, acuminate,

Sa long, concave at the base ; pedicels spreading, slender, nearly 2 in. long.

ers pale buff, with small brown Spots. Sepals somewhat. spreading,

obovate, obtuse, 2~s in. long, cuneately narrowed at the base. Petals some-

what spreading, about as large as the sepals. Lip shortly clawed, 8-lobed,

+ in. long; claw linear ; lateral lobes somewhat spreading, oblong, obtuse

or minutely toothed ; mid-lobe very small, quadrate, toothed at the tip ; disk

crested; spur erect, oblong, obtuse. Column oblong, about 34, in. long.

Pollinia 2, obovoid ; stipe clavate-oblong ; gland scale-like,

TAR. 8787.—Fig. 1, lip and column; 2, part of lip ; 8, anther-cap ; 4, pollinia;

5, sketch of an entire plant :—all enlarged except 5, which is much reduced,

M.S.del. JN Fitch lith. _ Vincent Brooks, Day&S onLttimp

L.Reeve &C°London.

Tas. 8738.

SECHIUM EDULE.

Tropical America.

CucuRBITACEAE. Tribe SicyorpEAE.

Securum, P. Br.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 887; Cogn. in

DC. Mon. Phan, vol, iii. p. 900.

Sechium edule, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. vol. ii. p. 1150; Willd. Spee. Pl. vol. iv.

p. 427; Griseb. Fl. Brit. West Ind. p. 236; Naudin in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér.

iv. vol. xviii. p. 205; Gard. Chron. 1865, p. 51, cum icon. (fr.) e¢ 1900, vol.

xxviii. p. 450, cum icon. ; A. S [mith] in Treas, Bot. vol. ii. p. 1044 ; Cogn.

in Mart. Fl. Bras. vol. vi. pars iv. p. 110, t. 35 ef lc. p. 901; Kew Bull.

1887, Aug., pp. 6-9 et 1896, p. 128; Agr. Gaz. New South Wales, vol. iv.

(1898), p. 416, t. 28; Cooke in U.S. Dep. Agric. Bull. 28 (1901), pp. 1-31,

tt. 1-8; Agr. Prat. de Pays Chauds, vol. vii. pars ii. p. 5, tt. I. & IL;

R. I. Lynch in Garden, 1917, vol. lxxxi. p. 809, cum icon.; species unica.

Frutex monoicus, alte scandens, caule ultra 10 em. diametro, ramis sulcatis

glabris laevibus. Folia membranacea, rotundato-cordata, sinu lato vel

angusto et profundo, 3-5-angulato-lobata, lobis integris vel rarius minute

denticulatis, intermedio acuminato, ad 25 cm. lata, supra scabra, subtus

praeter nervos venasque laevia; petiolus glaber, laevis, ad 15 cm. longus.

Cirrhi glabri, ad 5-6 em. indivisi, deinde plerumque 3-fidi. Flores ¢

racemosi; racemi pedunculo nudo ad 80 cm. longo suffulti, congesti

brevesque vel in iculos varie distantes soluti; pedicelli perbreves,

albo-hirtelli. Receptaculwm hemisphaericum, haud altum, extra sub-

glabrum. Sepala lineari-subulata vel subulata, circiter 8 mm. longa.

Corolla fere 5-partita, segmentis ovatis acutis 5-6 mm. longis albo-flavidis.

Columna staminalis 1-1-5 mm. longa; antherae liberae, 2-2°5 mm.

longae, una 1-locularis, caeterae 2-loculares, loculis sigmatoideis.

Flores Q solitarii vel bini, passim cum ¢ racemis ex eadem axilla orti,

breviter pedunculati, floribus ¢ quoad calycem corollamque similes.

Ovarium inferum, obovoideum, apice subito in collum tenue breve con-

strictum, leviter 5-sulcatum, saepe hirtellum. Stylus 2-38 mm. longus;

stigma depresso-capitatum. Fructus magnus, magis minusve pyriformis,

carnosus, profunde sulcatus, laevis vel spinulis mollibus echinatus.

Semen 1, ovatum, compressum; testa lignosa, laevis. Embryo coty-

ledonibus carnosis, saepe germinans dum fructu inclusus.—S. americanum,

Poir. in Lam. Encycl. Meth. vol. vii. p. 156, Sicyos edulis, Jacq. Pl.

Carib. p. 82; Select. Stirp. Amer. p. 258, t. 163. Chayota edulis, Jacq.

Select. Stirp. Amer. ed. pict. vol. ii. t. 245. Cucumis acutangulus,

Descourt. Fl. Antill. vol. v. p. 94, tab. 328, excl. syn.; non Linn.—

O. Srapr,

.

The interesting Cucurbitaceous plant, Sechium edule,

which forms the subject of our illustration, is known

from Mexico southwards to Panama as the Chayote, a

DecemBer, 1917. :

name modified in the West Indies to Chocho. One of

the cultivated plants of American origin unknown in a

wild state, we owe the earliest European account of it to

Hernandez, who in the sixteenth century found it used

as a vegetable in Mexico. It isnot mentioned by Sloane

as a crop in Jamaica at the close of the seventeenth

century. From P. Browne, however, we learn of its

presence and of the use both of its fruits and its root in

Jamaica by the middle of the eighteenth century, while

according to Grisebach it had, by the middle of the

nineteenth century, bécome naturalised there in thickets.

Its cultivation has now extended to Louisiana, to some

of the Atlantic and of the Pacific Islands, to Southern

Europe and Northern Africa, to the East Indies and to

Australia. In its new homes it is known, according to

its source, now by its West Indian, now by the Mexican

name. In suitable climates the Chayote is not difficult

to grow. It is not fastidious as to soil, but requires

shelter, as it is susceptible to injury from wind, and must

be provided with support because, in the Tropics, it

thrives poorly if left to trail on the ground. The

perennial root, which resembles a Yam, enables it to be

cultivated in regions liable to frosts, provided these are

not so severe as to affect the soil. Where the ground is

frozen in winter, however, it needs greenhouse conditions,

and in this country is only to be met with in conserva-

tories capable of supplying sufficient room for its develop-

ment. Under such circumstances its vigorous growth

and its ornamental leaves render it a striking object.

For the material for our figure we are indebted to

Mr. R. I. Lynch, by whom it has been supplied from a

pent which flowered and fruited at the Cambridge

otanic Garden in 1916. Like many other economic

species, the Chayote exhibits a considerable degree of

variation in shape of leaf, length and density of raceme,

indumentum and length of neck of ovary, as well as in

form, colour and armature of fruit. It is not at present

possible to estimate the significance or taxonomic value

of this variability. The germination of the solitary

seed presents some features of interest. At maturity the

seed is enclosed in the fruit, but prior to germination it

grows so that the tips of the cotyledons extend further

towards the base of the fruit while the hypocotyl emerges

from the apex and emits several rootlets. As these

rootlets find their way into the soil the stem arises from

between the cotyledons; the enlargement of the root

does not take place until the second year. In Mexico

advantage is taken of this peculiarity, and the seed is

allowed to germinate before the fruit is planted.

Descriprion.—Shrub, monoecious, climbing extensively; stem over 4 in.

thick; branches sulcate, smooth, glabrous. Leaves membranous, up to

10 in. across, rounded cordate, sinus sometimes broad, at others deep and

narrow, margin angularly 3-5-lobed, the lobes entire or occasionally finely

toothed, middle lobe acuminate, scabrid above, smooth except on the nerves

and veins beneath; petiole smooth, glabrous, up to 6 in. long. Tendrils

glabrous, 2-2} in. long, simple below, then usually 38-fid, Male flowers

racemose; peduncle up to 1 ft. long; racemes short and dense or broken up

into irregularly disposed fascicles ; pedicels very short, beset with short white

hairs. Receptacle hemispherical, short, almost glabrous outside. Sepals

linear-subulate or subulate, about 3 in. long. Corolla nearly 5-partite ;

segments ovate, acute, 3-1 in. long, pale-yellowish. Staminal colwmn very

short; anthers free, ;4,-; in. long, one 1-celled, the others 2-celled, the cells

sigmoid. Female flowers solitary or in pairs, here and there in company with

the male racemes, with calyx and corolla as in the males. Ovary inferior,

obovoid, abruptly narrowed at the tip into a thin short neck, slightly 5-grooved,

often hirtellous. Style 3,-} in. long; stigma depressed-capitate. ruzt large,

more or less pyriform, fleshy, deeply grooved, smooth or beset with soft spinules.

Seed solitary, ovate, compressed; testa woody, smooth. Embryo with fleshy

cotyledons, often germinating in the fruit.

Tan. 8738.—Fig. 1, male flower; 2, stamens; 3, female flower, sepals and

petals removed; 4, ovary, in vertical section; 5, fruit, a portion removed to

show seed germinating in situ; 6, embryo:—all enlarged except 5 and 6, which

are of natural size.

8739

eo: iene ae

MS del. INFitch lth. Vincent Brooks, Day &Son bt ump c

L Reeve &C°L ondon.

Tas, 8739.

SYRINGA WILSONII.

Western China.

OLEACEAE. Tribe SYRINGEAE,

Syrinea, Linn.; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. ii. p. 675.

e

Syringa Wilsonii, Schneider in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. vol. i. p. 300 (1912), et

in Handb, Laubholzk, vol. ii. p. 1064; species S. tomentellae, Bur. et

Franch., arcte affinis sed foliis supra mox glabris subtus nisi secus nervos

glabris apte distinguenda.

Frutex 2°5-6-metralis ; ramuli juniores glabri, lenticellis pallidis sparse notati;

gemmae terminales glabrescentes, ad 8 mm. longae. Folia decidua,

elliptica vel ovathk, acuminata, basi nunc late nunc anguste cuneata,

3°7-10 om. longa, 2°5-5°5 cm. lata, primum ciliata, supra saturate viridia

mox glaberrima, subtus pallidiora secus costam nervosque pubescentia ;

petiolus 6-12 mm. longus, pubescens. Panicula terminalis ad 20 cm.

usque longa, 10-15 cm. lata, glabra vel parce pubescens foliis perpaucis

basi ornata. Flores numerosissimi, odorati. Calyx cupularis, 1-5 mm.

longus latusque, glaber, margine truncatus vel minutissime dentatus.

Corolla pallide lilacina, 9 mm. longa, basi tubulosa; limbus 4-lobus, lobi

ovati utrinque glabri. Stamina 2, parte superiore tubi corollae affixa ;

filamenta perbrevia ; antherae oblongae, luteae. Capswla fusiformis, acuta,

1°5 cm. longa, lenticellata, glabraa—W. J. BEAN.

'

Syringa Wilsonii is undoubtedly a very close ally of

S. tomentella, Bureau & Franchet, and it is difficult to

point to any character of essential importance to distin-

guish them except the markedly pubescent character of

the latter. Both leaf surfaces in S. tomentella are pube-

scent, the lower one almost velvety; the main and

secondary axes of the panicle, as well as the pedicels

and calyx, are also pubescent. We have not seen the

fruit of S. tomentella, but that of S. Wilsonii at Kew

is perfectly glabrous. Mr. E. H. Wilson discovered this

lilac on the mountains near Tachien-lu in Western

Szechuan, China, when collecting for Harvard University

in 1908. S. tomentella was collected by Mr. A. E. Pratt

in the same district about twenty years earlier and at

about the same elevations, viz. 8,000-10,500 feet. The

plant from which the material for our plate was gathered

DeEcEMBER, 1917.

was presented to Kew in 1910 by Professor Sargent. It

has flowered for several years past, usually about the

beginning of June. At that season it makes a charming

picture, all the more so because it comes into bloom

after the flowers of the race of common lilacs have faded.

It likes a loamy moist soil, and may be propagated by

cuttings or seeds. |

Descrietion.—Shrub, 8-20 ft. high; young branches glabrous, sprinkled

thinly with pale lenticels; terminal buds glabrescent, ultimately } in. long.

Leaves deciduous, elliptic to ovate, acuminate, broadly to narrowly cuneate

at the base, 13-4 in. long. 1-2} in. wide, at first ciliate; dark green and soon

quite glabrous above, pale beneath and pubescent on the midrib and lower

veins ; petiole 3-3 in. long, pubescent. Panicles terminal, up to 8 in. long and

4-6 in. wide, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, with a few leaves at the base.

Flowers very numerous, scented like common lilac, but not so strongly. Calyx

cup-shaped, ;, in. long and wide, truncate or with a few small teeth, glabrous.

Corolla pale Vflac, %in. long, the base tubular, dividing at the mouth into four

ovate lobes, glabrous within and without. Stamens 2, affixed to the upper part

of the corolla tube; filaments very short; anthers vblong, yellow. Style

3-3 in. long. Capsule fusiform, acute, 2 in. long, lenticellate, glabrous.

Tas, $739.—Fig. 1, calyx and pistil; 2, section of calyx, showing ovary and

style; 3, corolla laid open; 4 and 5, anthers; 6, fruit; 7, seed; 8, embryo :—

—all enlarged except 6, which is of natural size,

8740

=r

yy

uid ape

SY

’ pha

Sens

Ete

(Ora

MS.del INFa ee ay ; =

£10 .Ge1. Jf Ite t, i ) oe

‘ ich. hth Vincent Brooks,Day&SonLts

LReeve &C°London.

Tas. 8740.

CRYPTOPHORANTHUS Davyanvus.

Colombia.

ORCHIDACEAE, Tribe EpIpDENDREAE.

CrypropHorantuvs, Rodr.; Gen. et Sp. Orch. Nov. vol. ii. p. 79.

Cryptophoranthus Dayanus, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1887, vol. ii. pp. 692,

693, fig. 134, et in Ill. Hort. vol. xxxix. p. 21, t. 146; Veitch, Man. Orch.

pars v. p. 9, cum icon. ; species a caeteris hujus generis floribus maximis

facile distinguenda.

Herba epiphytica, circiter 25 cm. alta. Caules aggregati, cylindracei, sub-

graciles, vaginis spathaceo-oblongis subimbricatis obtecti, monophylli.

Folia subsessilia, late elliptica vel orbiculari-elliptica, subobtusa, coriacea,

6-9 cm. longa, 8°5-5°5 cm. lata. Flores axillares, solitarii vel pauci,

magni, straminei, brunneo-maculati ; bracteae ovatae, apiculatae, 4-5 mm.

longae ; pedicelli 1-1:5 em. longi. Sepala elliptico-oblonga, apice et basi

connata, lateraliter libera, utrinque fenestrata, tubum clausum 3°5-4 em.

longum apice recurvum et apiculatum formantia. Petala ovata, subobtusa,

circiter 4 mm. longa. Labellwm hastato-oblongum, obtusum, 5 mm.

longum, apice denticulatum, basi tuberculo conico verruculoso instructum.

Ovarium alatum, alis crispo-undulatis. Colwmna oblonga, angulata,

4 mm. longa. Pollinia 2, elliptico - ovoidea.— Masdevallia Dayana,

Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1880, vol. xiv. p. 295; id. 1884, vol. xxvi. p. 428,

fig. 86.—R. A. Rours.

The remarkable Orchid here figured is believed to have

first appeared in cultivation in the collection of Mr.

Linden. At a sale of his plants an example was acquired

by the late Mr. J. Day of Tottenham as an undescribed

festrepia, believed to be anative of New Granada. This

plant flowered in Mr. Day’s collection in July, 1875,

and five years later it was described for the first time

by Professor Reichenbach as Musdevallia Dayana. The

generic position then assigned to our plant was in

keeping with that accorded to a near ally from Jamaica

originally described by Professor Lindley as Specklinia

atropurpurea, but later redescribed by the same author

as Masdevallia fenestrata, Lindl. This Jamaican species

has been figured at t. 4164 of this work where Sir William

Hooker, who termed it the ‘‘ Windowed Masdevallia,” has

Decemprr, 1917,

given a full and clear account of the peculiar appearance

which its flowers assume. The singular arrangement was

again very carefully described and discussed by Mr.

Darwin in 1862, though in this instance that author was

under the necessity of concluding that “‘some new and

curious contrivance has here to be made out,” and the

riddle as to how in this case insects perform the act of

fertilisation still remains unsolved. The original belief

that the species here described was a native of Colombia

was in time confirmed by the receipt of examples sent

from that country by Mr. G. Wallis to Messrs. James

Veitch and Sons. The generic position which Reichen-

bach and Lindley had assigned to this plant and its

_ Jamaican congener was felt to be very unsatisfactory,

_and in 1887 the “ Window-bearing Orchids,” of which

there were at least eight, were made the subject of

careful study by Mr. R. A. Rolfe, who then showed that

both the Jamaican and Colombian species belong to the

genus Cryptophoranthus, established by Mr. Barbosa-

Rodriguez, now known to include fourteen described

species, among which they stand as Cryptophoranthus

uropurpureus and C. Dayanus respectively. The culti-

vation of C. Dayanus does not offer any especial difficulty ;

it thrives well in a tropical house under the conditions

suitable for species of Masdevallia. The species is now

not uncommon in collections; the plant here figured

flowered in the Kew Gollection in October, 1916.

Description.— Herb, epiphytic, about 10 in. high ; stems clustered, cylindric,

rather slender, clothed with oblong somewhat imbricate spathaceous sheaths,

1-foliate. Leaves subsessile, wide-elliptic: or orbicular-elliptic, rather obtuse,

coriaceous, 24-8) in. long, 1}-24 in, wide. Flowers axillary, solitary or few,

large, straw-coloured with brown blotches; bracts ovate, apiculate, 1-} in. long ;

pedicels 3-2 in. long. Sepals elliptic-oblong, free in the middle but connate at

base and apex so as to form a tube, laterally fenestrate, recurved and apiculate

at the tip. Petals ovate, somewhat obtuse, about 4 in. long. Lip hastate-

oblong, obtuse, } in. long, denticulate at the tip and furnished at the base with

a conical warted tubercle. Ovary winged, the wings crispately wavy. Colwmn

oblong, angled, } in. long. Pollinia 2, elliptic-ovoid.

Tas. §740.—Fig. 1, a flower with the sepals removed; 2, lip and column in

their natural position; 3, lip; 4, column; 5, anther-cap: 6, pollinia ;—all

enlarged. ‘

“8191

d jmp.

Vincent Brooks,Day& Son Lit” imp

MS del INFit ch lith. |

LReeve &C° Lendon.

‘Tas. 8741.

GREVILLEA OLEOIDES.

New South Wales. —

- Prorgeaceag. Tribe GREVILLEEAR.

Grevitiea, R. Br.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 180.

Grevillea oleoides, Sich. in Roem. et Schult. Syst. vol. iii. Mant. p. 277;

R. Br. Prot. Nov. p. 17; Meisn. in DC. Prodr, vol. xiv. p. 853; Reichb.

Icon. Exot. t. 104; Benth. Fl. Austral. vol. v. p. 468; affinis G. puniceae,

R. Br., sed foliis longioribus et plerumque angustioribus, inflorescentiis

subsessilibus differt. eae

Frutex erectus; ramuli adpresse sericeo-tomentosi, apicem versus foliati.

- Folia inferiora 3-nata, intermedia geminata, superiora solitaria, linearia,.

basin versus sensim attenuata, apice acute apiculata, 6-9 cm. longa, 0°3-

0'7 cm. lata, supra viridia, minute punctata, infra sericeo-velutina,

-argentea. Racemt capituliformes, ramulos laterales breves terminantes,

fere sessiles, circiter 12-flori; pedicelli 0°5 cm. longi, sericeo-pubescentes.

Perianthium kermesinum, extra tenuiter sericeum, intus superne dense

barbatum, tubo 1-2 cm. longo infra limbum obliquum revoluto. Antherae

1 mm. longae, subsessiles. Glandula semiannularis, crassa, carnosa.

Ovarium stipitatum, glabrum ; stylus longe exsertus, 3 cm. longus, apicem

versus sensim latior, stigmate oblique orbiculari_ plano coronatus.—

- Grevillea Seymouriae, Sweet ex Meisn. l.c. 354.—J. HurcHinson.

The Grevillea here described, G. oleoides, is a native of

New South Wales, where it is a common shrub in sandy

_ places in the bush. The plant from which material for

our figure was obtained was raised at Kew from seeds

purchased in 1910 from Messrs. J. Staer and Company,

Wahroonga, New South Wales. It grows well and

flowers readily in an ordinary greenhouse under the

treatment suitable for the nearly allied G. punicea, R. Br.,

figured at t. 6698 of this work, and like that species is a

_ desirable decorative conservatory plant. The charac- —

teristic arrangement of the leaves, in groups of three near

_ the bases of the leafy stems, higher up in pairs, near

the apex solitary, is due to the production of abbreviated

axillary lateral shoots. In wild specimens the leaves of

_ G. oleoides exhibit considerable variation in size, from _

long and rigidly linear with strongly revolute margins to —

Decenen, 1917,

~

broadly linear or oblanceolate. The forms with broad

leaves approach very closely indeed to G. punicea, and

when the plant is not in flower the only obvious differ-

ence lies in the greater length of the leaves in G. oleoides.

In flower the two species are more readily separated,

_ the inflorescence of G. oleoides being nearly sessile.

__ Descrrption.—Shrub, erect ; twigs clothed with appressed silky hairs, leafy

towards the top. Leaves linear, gradually narrowed. to the base, apex

sharply apiculate, 2}-3) in. long, 1-} in. wide, green above, finely punctate,

_ silvery silky-tomentose beneath ; uppermost leaves solitary, those lower down

the twig in groups of 2-3. Racemes congested at the tips of short lateral

_ twigs, almost sessile, about 12-flowered ; pedicels } in. long, silky-pubescent.

_Perianth bright carmine, thinly silky outside, densely bearded towards the top _

_ within, tube 4 in. long, revolute below the oblique limb. Anthers short, sub-— pe:

Sessile, Gland semi-annular, thick, fleshy. Ovary stipitate, glabrous; style

far exserted, 1} in. long, gradually thickened towards the apex, crowned by >

the oblique flat orbicular stigma, ;

NG. Tas. ne 1, flower ; pcg ched nai 8, section of lower paves. of

‘he perianth, showing ovary and gland; 4, limb of perianth and anther; —

"5, anther seen from behind :—all enlarged. ©