INDEX

To Vol. XLVIII. of the Txairp Srrins, or Vol. OXVIIL. of

the whole Work. 2

7270 Aganisia ionoptera. 7269 Kniphofia pauciflora.

7271 Alloplectus discolor. 7234 Lilium Grayi.

7237 Altheea ficifolia. jaee. y Dewi.

7231 Beaufortia sparsa. : 7227 » primulinum,

7219 Begonia glaucophylla. 7257 ~~ ,,_~—s sulphureum,

7247 Bomarea frondea. 7226 Lysimachia paridiformis.

_7264 Calochortus Kennedyi. 7245 Masdevallia leontoglossa.

7248 Capparis flexuosa. 7268 Microstylis Scottii.

7263 Carludovica microcephala. 7260 Monodora grandiflora.

7222 Cereus giganteus. 7262 Moorea irrorata.

7265 Chameedorea stolonifera. 7212 Morea Robinsoniana.

7261 Cheiranthera parviflora. 7221 Neobenthamia gracilis,

7213 Chirita depressa, 7252 Nicotiana tomentosa.

7225 Chrysanthemum rotundifo- | 7249 Pasithea cerulea,

lium. 7235 Pitoearpus pennatifolius.

7259 Cirrhopetalum Makoyanum. | 7240 Porana paniculata.

7229 Pe ornatissimum, | 7258 Potentilla Salesoviana.

7214 € Thouarsii. 7246 Primula Forbesii.

7223 Dianthus callizonus. rhs y na imperialis,

7236 Didymocarpus lacunosa. 1210 Poissoni.

7256 Disa Cooperi. 7266 Ranunculus carpaticus.

7243 ,, incarnata. 7233 Restrepia striata.

7238 Eria marginata. | 7241 Rosa pomifera.

7267 Ferula tingitana. 7239 Senecio (Kleinia) Galpini.

7250 Furcrea pubescens, 7254 Stemona Curtisii.

_ 7224 Gongora gratulabunda. 7230 Streptocarpus Galpini.

7244 Gynura sarmentosa, 7242 Synandrospadix vermitoxicus

7228 Habenaria longecalcarata. 7253 Tulipa Billietiana.

-7218 Hydnophytum Forbesii. 7255 Vernonia podocoma.

7215 Iris Fosteriana. 7220 Vicia narbonensis.

7251 ~,; Lortetii.

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JOURNAL OF BOTANY, 2

BRITISH AND FOREIGN.

_Epirep By JAMES BRITTEN, F LS.

- Contains original articles by our Jeading British Botanists, Notices of Bock :

2 Proceedings of Societies, and Botanical News. Especial attention is no

= to Britiah: pee ‘There: is 1

nag at least one plate, drawn ae a | well-k

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eeve &

Tas. 7212.

MORA‘A Rosinsontana.

Native of Lord Howe’s Island.

Nat. Ord. Intprx.—Tribe Moraeam.

Genus Morama, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 688.)

Mora Rodbinsoniana ; elata, densissime coespitosa, foliis radicalibus ensiformi-

bus longe acuminatis, pedunculo valido basi folioso paniculatim ramoso,

bracteis inferioribus elongatis foliaceis acuminatis, superioribus oblongis

subacutis, supremis ovarium vaginantibus, floribus amplis breviter pedi-

cellatis albis, perianthii segmentis patentibus breviter unguiculatis e basi

liberis, 3 exterioribus late ovatis obtusis basi primulinis et macula auran-

tiaca 2-loba notatis, 3 interioribus paullo minoribus oblongis obtusis con-

coloribus, filamentis liberis anthera lineari brevioribus, connectivo in

apiculum obtusum producto, styli ramis, late oblongis 2-lobis denticulatis,

lobis rotundatis, crista brevi erosa, capsula clavata obscure hexagona.

M. Robinsoniana, Moore & Muell. in F. Muell. Fragment. vol. vii. p. 153

Benth, Fl. Austral. vol. vi. p. 409.

Iris Robinsoniana, F. Muell. lc.; G. Benn. in Gard. Chron. 1872, 393, |

fig. 128, 124; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvi. (1878) 147; W. Watson in

Gard. Chron. 1891, i. 457, 459, fig. 94, 95.

Perhaps the most! curious point in the history of this

magnificent plant is the difficulty hitherto experienced in

flowering it in Europe. The first person who called atten-

tion to its existence was the late Dr. Foulis, of Sydney, a

gentleman who had resided in Lord Howe’s Island, and

who informed Mr. Moore, of the Sydney Botanical Gardens,

and Dr. G. Bennett, of that city, that he had discovered it,

and had introduced it some years previously into his garden

(at. Sydney) where it had died without flowering; he

further added that it was known to settlers in Lord Howe’s

Island as “‘ the Wedding flower.” Dr. Bennett’s account

of it was communicated to the Gardener’s Chronicle (1872,

p-. 393), together with a sketch of the whole plant, and of

a flower, by Mr. E. Bennett. The first botanical account

of it is that contained in Mr. Moore’s “ Report on the

Vegetation of Lord Howe’s Island,’’ dated September,

1869, where it is described as an Iridaceous plant resembling

a large species of Mora (but which would probably prove to

be a new genus) with leaves six feet long by two or three

Janvany Ist, 1892. |

inches in breadth; a candelabra-like flowering stem six

feet high, and flowers four inches in diameter ; and where

it is further stated that it would be published by Baron

Mueller and dedicated to Sir Hercules Robinson, K.C.M.G.,

Governor of New South Wales. Mr. Moore introduced the

plant into the Sydney Botanical Gardens, where it flowered

in December, 1871. The next accounts of its flowering

are respectively in the Botanical Garden of Hakgala, in

Ceylon, in 1885, under the management of Mr. Nock;

in Mr. Dorrien Smith’s garden in the Scilly Islands, in

1888, and in the Royal Gardens, Kew, in June, 1891.

Morea Robinsoniana has, as will be seen by the citations

under the description, been referred both to Moraa and to

Iris, genera which differ but slightly in botanical cha-

racters, but most markedly in geographical distribution.

Fortunately our plant is a Morea, on both counts, for the

perianth segments are sessile on the top of the ovary, and

not united into a tube, as in vis, and whereas there are no

species of Jris in the Southern hemisphere, Morea is almost

confined to Africa and South of the Tropics, a few species

only reaching Abyssinia. M. Robinsoniana is the only

extra African species, and is one of the many proofs of

affinity between the Australian and the Cape Floras.

The native country of M. Robinsoniana igs an islet

only six and a half miles long by three quarters of

a mile in average width, lying between Australia and

New Zealand, in Lat. 31° 8., Long. 158° E., about four

hundred miles east of Port Macquarie. In its vege-

tation the islet partakes of those of Australia, New

Zealand, and the Pacific Islands, with a most remarkable

predominance of endemic forms, especially of Palms, three

species of which are peculiar to it.

The plant figured was received at Kew from Mr. Chas.

Moore, F.L.S., of the Sydney Botanical Gardens, in about

18738, and flowered for the first time on June 20th, 1891,

continuing to bloom till the beginning of the following

October, and having had in the interval four hundred

and fifty-seven flowers, all borne by three branches of —

the panicle, and which remained open only one d ivi

out a delicious odour.—J. D. H. Z Peete °

Fig. 1 and 2, stamens; 3, arm of style :— enlarged.

7218.

sepsis

\WSaEEEZ

Vincent Brooks, Day &Son Imp.

L.Reeve & C° London.

Tas. 7213.

CHIRITA pepressa.

Native of China.

Nat. Ord. Gusneracex. Tribe CrR?TANDREA,

Genus Curnita, Ham. (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p, 1022.)

Cuirita depressa ; humilis, surculifera, foliis rosulatis breviter late petiolatis,

late ovatis obtusis obtuse serratis penninerviis utrinque sericeo puberulis

subtus niveis nervis crassis, cymis paucifloris breviter pedunculatis,

floribus 1} pollicaribus calycis pubescentis et glanduloso-pilosi laciniis

5 inequilongis linearibus erectis tubo corolle multo brevioribus, corolle

violacew tubo subinflato lobis rotundatis triplo longiore, staminibus

medio tubo insertis, filamentis incurvis glaberrimis, antheris parvis co-

herentibus nudis oblongis parallelis, staminodiis 2 filiformibus incurvis

glandulosis capitellatis, tertio minimo erecto demissius inserto, disco

annulari sinuato glaberrimo, ovario styloque valido apice incurvo pubes-

centibus et sparse glandulosis,

The habit of this Chirita is quite unlike that of any other

of the genus known tome. A very short stout rhizome

bears a tuft of rosulate leaves, and sends out all round from

below the insertion of the leaves stout green surculi, as

thick as a swan’s quill, that root at the apex and form

plants similar to the parent. The whole forming a dense

mass of foliage that quickly fills a pan. The plant is very

succulent, of a pale green colour, except the under sides of

the leaves, which are clothed with an almost snow-white

pubescence. The flowers, which are abundantly produced,

are disposed in bibracteate cymes terminating very short,

stout peduncles, so short that the flowers appear nestled

amongst the leaves. Its nearest congener is U. eburnea,

Hance (Journ. Bot. vol. v. 1883, p. 168), a: native of the

same province in China, which has similarly thick almost

fleshy leaves, with broad petioles and covered with the

same very fine pubescence, but the leaves are quite entire,

and instead of being many- and penni-nerved the nerves

are very few and irregularly disposed and branched. The

flowers of (. eburnea are similar to those of CU. depressa in

form, but its cymes are on long ascending peduncles, the

JanvakyY lst, 1892,

corolla is ivory-white streaked with red, the bracts are very

large and broad, the anthers are densely bearded at the

back, and amongst the numerous specimens in the Her-

barium at Kew none show any signs of having been in-

creased by suckers from the rootstock. H. eburnea is a very

handsome species, and it is to be hoped that Mr. Ford, who

has sent dried specimens, will procure living plants of it.

It must be observed that the drawing here given of

C. depressa was taken from a very young specimen, the

first that flowered, and it conveys no idea of the dimension

which the plant attains; nor does it show the mode of

increase by suckers, for this is in all states (as grown at

Kew) concealed by the dense foliage.

C. depressa is a native of a district on the North river

of the Canton (Kwantung) Province of China, where it

was procured by Mr. C. Ford, Superintendent of the Hong

Kong Botanical Gardens, who sent living plants of it to

Kew in 1889, which flowered in June, 1891.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Portion of leaf showing the pubescence of the surface; 2, calyx and

style; 3, tube of corolla laid open; 4, top of pedicel, disk and ovary; 5, trans-

verse section of ovary :—all enlarged,

Vaicert Brooks,Day & Son imp

M.S.del, J N-Fitch hth.

7 Reeve & C° London

Tas. 7214.

CIRRHOPETALUM Trovarsi.

Native of Mauritius and the Pacific Islands.

Nat. Ord. OrcuipEm.—Tribe Errpenpreg.

Genus Cirruoretatum, Lindl. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 505.)

Crrruopetatum (Umbellate) Thowarsii; pseudobulbis ovoideis alte costatis

demum nudis, foliis lineari-oblongis obtusis in petiolum brevem angus-

tatis supra medio profunde sulcatis costa subtus valida, marginibus

recurvis, scapo elongato gracili decurvo vaginis 2-3 brevibus appressis,

umbella pluriflora unilaterali, bracteis subulatis pedicellis dimidio bre-.

vioribus, floribus pallide flavis, sepalo dorsali hemispherico glanduloso-

punctato in caudam longiorem filiformem apice subincrassatam repente

constricto, lateralibus dorsali pluries longioribus cohxrentibus impunctatis

lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis enerviis supra convexis, petalis sepalo

dorsali equilongis ovatis aristatis glanduloso-punctatis pilis elongatis

ciliatis, labello aureo breviter stipitato recurvo linguzformi obtuso basi

dilatato puberulo marginibus recurvis crenulatis, columne_ brachiis

elongatis subulatis erectis, anthera antice erosa.

C. Thouarsii, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. sub t. 832; Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 58, partim.

(non Bot. Reg. 1838, t. 11, nec Bot. Mag. t. 4237); Rolfe in Gard. Chron.

1891, vol. ii. p. 69.

C. umbellatum, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 71 (excl. cit. Reinw.).

Bulbophyllum longiflorum, Thouars Orchid. Afr. t. 98; (non S. Moore in Baker

Fl. Maurit. 346); Guillem. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, vii. (1839), p. 179;

Seem. Fl. Viti, p. 301.

Epidendrum umbellatum, Forst. Prodr. 323. ,

Cymbidium umbellatum, Spreng. Syst. Veg. vol. iii. p. 723.

A very interesting plant, as being that upon which the

genius Cirrhopetalum was founded by Lindley in the

Botanical Register in 1824. Subsequently, in the ‘‘ Genera

and Species of Orchidesw”’ Lindley identified it with the

Mauritian plant of Thouars, three others from very distant

countries, namely the Zyloglossum wmbellatum, Reinw., of

Java, the Epidendrum umbellatum, Forst., of the Society

Islands, and a Philippine Island plant, afterwards figured

in the Botanical Register (vol. xxiv. t. 11) and in this’

work (t. 4237) as C. Thouarsii. Referring to the vast

distances between these localities, Lindley observes that

in respect of its distribution C. Thouarsiit has no parallel

amongst Orchideous plants. Such would no doubt be the

JanvuaRy Ist, 1892.

case if proved, but considering the difficulty of identifying

orchids from herbarium specimens, and the very scanty

materials at the great orchidologists’ disposal fifty years

and more ago, it appeared to me that so remarkable a

statement required confirmation, and I have therefore

carefully investigated the subject with the aid of the more

numerous and better specimens now accessible at, Kew,

with the result, that if not wholly reliable, Lindley’s con-

clusion was so in the main.

Of the Mauritian CO. Thouarsii, Lindley had to depend

solely on the plate in Thouars’ work, and for the supposed

Javan plant he no doubt relied on a meagre description,

for a copy by Lindley of a drawing by Reinwardt himself

of his Zyloglossum wmbellatum, which I find in Lindley’s

Herbarium (and which was no doubt obtained after he had

referred the species to 0. Thouarsit), shows that it is a very

different species, with a broadly elliptic leaf, obtuse lateral

sepals, and no awn to the dorsal sepal, while the petals are

quite glabrous ; further it ig a native of the Celebes, not of

Java. With regard to the Philippine plant, which was

afterwards published as C. Thouarsii in both this Magazine

and in the Botanical Register, it differs from the Mauritian

in the numerous flowers, the dorsal sepal is smaller and

narrower, the petals are sharply serrate, not fringed with

long hairs, and the arms of the column are much shorter.

The Society Island plant remains. I have examined speci-

mens of it from the Tahiti, the Fiji, and Society Islands and

fail to find any difference between them and the Mauritian.

Thus confirming Dr. Lindley’s statement in the main,

though not in detail, I have only to add that the colour of

the flower varies in both the Mauritius and Pacific Islands

specimens from yellow to a reddish brown.

C. Thouarsii was sent to the Royal Gardens by Mr. E. E.

Bewsher, of the New Oriental Bank Corporation, Mauritius,

a gentleman who has taken up the study of the Botany of

the Island, and will no doubt by diligent exploration add

much of interest to its flora; it flowered in the Royal

Gardens in July, 1891,—J. D. H

ee le ee

ith all but the bases of the lat.

er; 5, pollinia :—aJ] enlarged,

Fig. 1, Flower, w

; -2, lip;

3, column; 4, anth eral sepals removed Pp

Mp.

saeintnscert

Vincert.Brooks,Day &Sar

M 8. del, JNFitch hth.

Tas. 7215.

TRIS Fosrertana.

Native of Afghamstan.

Nat. Ord. Intpra.—Tribe Mon aE. \

Genus Iris, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 686.)

Inis (Xiphion) Fosteriana bulbo oblongo-cylindrico tunicis membranaceis

brunneis, fibris radicalibus crassis, foliis 4-6 confertis rigidulis falcatis

lanceolatis acuminatis pallide viridibus marginibus incrassatis, pedunculo

. .

brevi seepissime monocephalo, spathe valvis ventricosis subscariosis pal-

lide viridibus, perianthii_ tubo producto segmentis exterioribus luteis

obovatis in limbo ungui lato breviori, segmentis’ interioribus pendulis

lilacinis obovato-unguiculatis, styli cristis magnis oblique ovatis.

L. Fosteriana, Aitch. et Baker in Trans. Linn. Soe. Ser. 2 Bot. vol. iti. p. 114.

This new species of bulbous Iris belongs to the same

group as I. orchioides (Bot. Mag., tab. 7111), and I. sindjar-

ensis (Bot. Mag., tab. 7145). From a horticultural point of

view it differs from all its allies in the diversity in colour

of the different parts of the flower. It was discovered in

1884 by Surgeon-Major Aitchison, F.R.S., whilst acting

as naturalist to the Afghanistan Delimitation Commission,

erowing plentifully at Badghis in dry soil on the low hills

at an elevation of three thousand feet above sea-level.

These spring-flowering bulbous Irises of Central Asia are-

very difficult to cultivate in our comparatively damp sun-

less climate, but here, as in so many other cases, Professor

Foster, after whom the species was named, has surmounted

the difficulty, and our drawing was made from specimens

which he sent from Cambridge this present spring.

Desor. Buld oblong-cylindrical, about an inch in diameter,

with brown membranous outer tunics produced above its

neck and many fleshy root fibres. Leaves four to six, con-

temporary with the flowers, crowded, falcate, lanceolate-

acuminate, firm in texture, pale green, channelled down

the face, strongly ribbed and furnished with a pale thickened

horny boarder. Peduncle very short, bearing usually one,

rarely two clusters of flowers. Spathes ventricose, about

January Ist, 1892,

Mae

two inches long; valves subscariose and pale green at the

flowering time. Perianth-tube reaching to the top of the

spathe or slightly exserted ; outer segments bright yellow,

with a spreading obovate blade streaked with black, shorter

than the ascending claw; inner Segments shorter, pen-

dulous, bright lilac, obovate-unguiculate. Styles above an

inch long ; crests large, oblique, ovate. Anther about as

long as the filament.—J. @. Baker.

Fig. 1, Back view of anther ; 2, front view of anther; 3, apex of petaloid

style, with stigma :—all enlarged.

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HANDBOOK of the BRITISH FLORA; a Description of the

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7216.

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PRIMULA Potssonr.

Native of China.

Nat. Ord. Priuvutaces. Tribe PRIMULEA.

Genus Prruvuta, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. ii. p. 631.)

Prmvta Poissoni; elata, robusta, glaberrima, efarinosa, foliis rigide coriaceis

glaucescentibus obovato-oblongis apice rotundatis argute dentatis,

costa valida in petiolum latissimum vaginantem dilatata, nervis ascen-

dentibus gracillimis, scapo valido foliis multoties longiore tereti, floribus

perplurimis amplis in verticillos superpositos congestis, bracteis lanceo-

latis erectis herbaceis pedicellos squantibus, calyce ¢ poll. longo tereti

supra medium 5 fido basi rotundato lobis erectis ovato-lanceolatis sub-

acutis, corollze tubo infundibulari calyce paullo longiore intus puberulo,

limbo explanato roseo, lobis obcordatis crenulatis, ore annulo crenato

aureo instructo, antheris parvis basin versus tubo corolle sessilibus,

ovario globoso, stylo breve stigmato capitato, capsula obovoidea late

umbonata calyce fere squilonga.

P. Poissoni, Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. vol. xxxiti. (1886) p. 67; Paz

Monogr. Prim. in Engl. Jahrb.: Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ, Linn. Soc.

vol. xxvi. (1889) p. 41.

—

On Tab. 5916 is figured Primula japonica, which may be

considered as the type of the Asiatic species with superposed

whorls of flowers; and at Tab. 6732 another species with

similar inflorescence, P. prolifera, Wall., under which I

classed the Javanese P. imperialis, Jungh. (Cankrienia

chrysantha, De Vriese), an error which I hasten to acknow-

ledge, and shall shortly atone for by the publication of the

true P. imperialis, which has flowered at Kew, and of which

a drawing has been made for this work. Recent discoveries

in the interior of China have added several other species —

with the same inflorescence, including the subject of the

present plate, which differs from both those first mentioned

in the much more coriaceous pale subglaucous leaves, the

funnel-shaped tube of the corolla, and especially in the

capsule, which is not globose but shortly obovoid.

Seedlings of P. Poissont were received at the Royal Gar-

dens, Kew, from the Jardin des Plantes, Paris, in 1890,

plants from which flowere

January Ist, 1892.

d in a greenhouse in April, and

continued to bloom all summer. Mr. Watson informs

me that the plant here figured produced eight scapes

of flowers, and in fact flowered itself to death, as

did several other specimens; and that many of the

corollas were six-lobed. This tendency to overflowering

under cultivation must be constitutional, for Messrs.

Lemoine and Sons, of Nancy, had a plant which bore

twelve coeval scapes. The native Specimens are quite

small, with leaves two to three inches long, and a solitary

slender scape with few flowers in a whorl ; whereas in the

Kew plant the scape is two feet high, almost as thick as a

goose quill, of a dark green, and sometimes spotted with

black.—J. D. H.

‘Fig. 1, Calyx and pistil; 2, portion of corolla laid open showing the oral

annulus and stamens; 3 and 4, front and back view of anthers ; 5, ovary,

style and stigma :—q// enlarged,

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aAB. 7217,

PRIMULA Inpertatis.

Native of Java.

Nat. Ord. Primttacez. Tribe PRIMULER.

Genus Patmuta, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. ii. p. 631.)

PrRIMULA imperialis ; elata, robusta, sub-efarinosa, foliis elongato-obovatis spa-

thulatisve anguste denticulatis apice rotundatis subcoriacceis, inter nervos

depressos creberrime bullato-reticulatis, subtus pallidioribus dense lacu-

nosis glandulis minimis globosis obsitis, costa ampla crassa, scapo valido,

verticillis dense multi-floris, bracteis numerosis erectis lineari-subulatis basi

confluentibus quam pedicellos suberectos brevioribus, calyce cupulari ad

medium 5-fido basi rotundato, lobis triangularibus erectis obtusis. corolle

ochraceze tubo calyce duplo longiore, fauce subinflato crenulatim annu-

lato, lobis fere rotundatis 2-fidis, ovario globoso, stylo gracili, antheris

parvis, capsula globosa calyci xquilonga late umbonata, seminibus

minutis obtuse angulatis papillosis.

P. imperialis, Jungh. in Tijdschrift. Nat. Gesch. vol. vii. p. 298; Miquel Fl.

Ind. Bat. vol. ii. p. 1001; Watson in “The Garden,” xl. 266, cum Ie.

Cankrienia chrysantha, De Vriese in Jaarb. der Maatch. van Tuinhow.

1850, p. 30 (cum Ic. in Flore des. Serres iterata) ; Plant. Jungh. vol. i.

p. 80. :

As I have elsewhere stated (under P. Poissoni, Plate

7216), I erred when figuring and describing the Himalayan

P. prolifera (Plate 6732), in referring the Javan P. im-

perialis to that species. Comparing the figures now

accessible of the two plants, as hitherto grown in this

country, their union would seem to be hardly excusable,

but a reference to the wild Javanese specimens of

of P. imperialis, preserved in the Herbarium, and a com-

parison of these with those of P. prolifera, will modify that

opinion, so different are some of the native specimens of

the former from the gigantic robust plant that has flowered

at Kew, and so large are some of those of P. prolifera

which even rival its congener. Nor must it be overlooked,

as bearing on the subject, that recent investigations have

proved that many Javanese and other Malayan mountain

plants, once supposed to be endemic, are absolutely

identical with Himalayan. On this matter I have only

further to say, that a most careful re-examination of the

wild, forms of the two species elicits as the only apparent

distinctions the more robust habit, the thicker texture,

broader mid-rib, close reticulate nervation, and bullate

surface of the foliage of the Javanese plant and’ its

deeper coloured flowers.

Fesruaky Ist, 1892.

In size, form, and denticulation, and glandular under-

surfaces the leaves are identical, though the toothing is

usually smaller and more regular in imperialis (in both the

leaves are sometimes quite entire), and both havea slender

scape and far fewer flowers with more slender pedicels

than in the cultivated P. imperialis. Both species have

fruited at Kew, and I have closely examined their seeds,

hoping therein to find distinctive characters ; but in vain,

their differences are hardly appreciable. In both the seeds

are papillose and obtusely angled, those of P. prolifera are

slightly the larger, and their papillee somewhat shorter. a

may here observe that P. Poissoni (Tab. 7216), the wild

and cultivated forms of which are as widely different as are

the analogous conditions of P. imperialis, has ripened its

seeds at Kew, and these are very small, subcubical, acutely

angular, most minutely pitted, but not papillose.

To clear up the history of these “ Imperial ” Primroses,

it will be necessary to cultivate plants of P. prolifera from

Wallich’s original habitat of the Khasia Hills in Eastern

Bengal, altitude four thousand to six thousand feet, where

I collected it myself in 1849, and sent seeds to Kew, which

(as in the case of so many trials of P. imperialis) did not

germinate. The Khasian may prove distinct from the

Himalayan plant, which grows only at elevations twelve

thousand to sixteen thousand feet, and may prove to be

the same as the Javan, or a third species.

P. imperialis ig a native of the summits of the loftiest

Javan mountains at eight thousand to nine thousand fect

elevation, where it was discovered by the Dutch botanist

of the Buitenzorg Gardens, upwards of half a century ago,

and was more recently figured by De Vriese, with the

name of Cankrienia chrysantha, under an erroneous view of

the structure of the fruit. The Kew plants were raised

from seeds sent by Dr. Traub from the Buitenzorg Gardens

in 1839. Mr. Watson informs me that the seeds were

soaked in hot water and sown in tropical heat, and the

seedlings removed into a greenhouse as they germinated.

Also that a plant was placed in the open border in mid-

summer last, which is alive up to this date (January 15,

1892) and which, though damaged as to the foliage, looks

as if it might survive the winter.—J. D. H

Fig. 1, Calyx and style; 2, corolla laid open; 3 and 4, stamens; 5, ovary :—

all enlarged.

Son

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FAR. €2065.

HYDNOPHYTUM Forsgsn.

Native of New Guinea.

Nat. Ord. Rusrace#.—Tribe PsycHoTrRiga.

Genus Hyvvopnytum, Jack. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 132.)

Hypnornytum Forbesii; rhizomate tuberoso lobato echinato, caulibus bre-

vibus teretibus, foliis subsessilibus obovatis obtusis v. subacutis, floribus

axillaribus brevissime pedicellatis, calycis tubo brevissimo ore truncato,

corolla tubo elongato gracili cylindraceo lobis ovatis pluries longiore

‘extus lobisque glaberrimis, fauce exannulato tubique parte saperiore

villosis, filamentis antheris brevioribus, stylo gracili, stigmatibus 2 in-

clusis, drupa ellipsoidea umbonata, pyrenis 2 obovoideo-oblongis com-

pressis apice 2-lobis inter lobos longe rostratis.

T must refer to Plate 6883 (Myrmecodia Beccarit) for

some general observations on the wonderful group of

epithytic plants to which Signor Beccari has given the very

appropriate name of ‘ Piante ospitratice,” from their

tuberous rootstocks affording nests for certain species of

ants. Of these there are two principal Asiatic genera,

natives of the Malayan and Pacific Coasts and Islands,

both belonging to the order Rubiacea, and closely allied

to one another. These are Myrmecodia, with eighteen

species, and Hydnophytum with thirty, most of the species

of both of which were discovered by Signor Beccari him-

self, and are admirably described in detail and figured by

him in hig capital work “ Malesia,” a work now abandoned

through lack of the requisite funds to carry it on ; and

with respect of which abandonment it may truly be said

that the glory of Italian Botany has for the present departed.

I can nowhere find amongst the species hitherto —

described, any with which H. Forbesi can be confounded ;

it is the only one hitherto described with an echinate

rhizome, that character being hitherto supposed to be

confined to Myrmecodia. In its long slender corolla tube

:t resembles the Pacific Island species alone, of which there

are six or seven, all differing in other characters from

H. Forbesii. Its foliage so closely resembles that of the

Fersrvuary Ist, 1892.

H. formicarium (the only British Indian species as yet

known) that in a dried state they are undistinguishable ;

but the rhizome of H. formicarium is unarmed, the corolla

tube is very short and glabrous within, the fruit is crowned

with a cup-shaped calyx-limb,and the pyrenes have no horn.

H. Forbesii was discovered in New Guinea by Mr. Forbes,

author of a ‘ Naturalist’s Wanderings in the Eastern

Archipelago,’ who, in 1886, sent the plant here figured to

the Royal Gardens, Kew, where it flowered in J uly, 1889,

and fruited in the following October, and again in 1891,—

mw.

Fig. 1, Portion of branch and flowers ; 2, flowers ; 3, portion of corolla laid

open; 4, fruit; 5 and 6, side and front view of pyrene; 7,seed; 8, embryo :~

all but fig. 1 enlarged.

7219

Vincertt Brooks,Day & Son Imp

J.N. Fitch hth.

MS.del

L Reeve & C2? London.

TAS, 7219.

BEGONIA GLAavUcoPpHYLLA.

Native country unknown.

Nat. Ord. Begonracez.

Genus Brconta, Linn. (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 841.)

Brconta (Gaerdtia) glaucophylla; glaberrima, caulibus elongatis pendulis

ramosis albo-maculatis, foliis petiolatis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis

marginibus undulatis penninerviis, basi rotundatis v. cordatis, supra late

subtus pallide viridibus, paniculis effusis pedunculatis amplis multifloris

nutantibus pendulisve, bracteis amplis ovatis floribusque magnis ete roseis ;

fl. masc. sepalis 2 late ovatis obtusis, petalis 2 sepalis multo minoribus

lineari-oblongis obtusis incurvis, staminibus numerosis toro parvo insertis,

filamentis brevissimis liberis quam antheras lineari-obovatas apice

retusas multoties brevioribus; fl. fem. sepalis 4 late ovatis obtusis con-

cavis, styli ramis 3 brevibus, fasciis papillarum bis tortis cinctis, ovarii

placentis 2-fidis segmentis extus solum ovuliferis, capsula late 3-alata, alis

rotundatis roseis sepala equantibus, ala una ceteris multo majore.

It is with hesitation that I propose the establishment as _

a species, of a Begonia ot which neither the fatherland nor

the history is known; and which moreover may possibly

be a hybrid. It seems however that so fine a plant as that

known at Kew and long cultivated and widely distributed

as B. glaucophylla should be represented by a good figure,

such being the only means of insuring the recognition of a

member of this enormous and difficult genus. That it

belongs to the American section of the genus Gaerdtia,

A.DC. (genus of Klotzsch), is I think certain, though

differing from the character given in the Prodromus and

by Klotzsch, in having only four sepals in the female flower,

all others hitherto described having five. Two species of

the section Gaerdtia are figured in this work. The one

B. undulata, Plate 2723, with leaves a good deal like those

of B. glaucophylla, but very small white flowers and narrow

wings to the fruit ; the other, B. Kunthiana, Plate 5284, is

totally different in habit and foliage, and has few large

white flowers with obovate male petals.

The nearest described ally of B. glaucophylla is probably

B. maculata, Raddi, better known as B. argyrostigma,

Fesruary lst, 1892.

Fisch., under which name it is figured in the Botanical

cordate leaves purple beneath, with white ocellate spots

above, and a stout cartilaginous margin; the flowers too

are quite small, and very pale pink, with five male sepals

about a quarter of an inch long, and narrow subequal

wings of the fruit. The white spots i in the stem of glauco-

phylla indicate to me the possibility of its being a hybrid

between the B. maculata and some other species.

B. glaucophylla, grown in a basket, is a magnificent

plant, from its long pendent branches, bright shining leaves,

and copious clusters of highly ornamental flowers; as

stated above it has for years been in cultivation at Kew.—

dD. i:

Figs. 1 and 2, Front, and 2, back view of stamen; 3, style arms; 4, trans-

verse section of ovary :—all enlarged.

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VICIA NARBONENSIS.

Native of Hastern Europe and Western Asia.

Nat. Ord. Leguminose#.—Tribe Viciex.

Genus Vicia, Linn.; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 524.)

Vicia narbonensis ; annua, robusta, glabra v. sparsim pilosa, caulibus 4-gonis

angulis incrassatis, stipulis auriculeeformibus dentatis pectinatisve, foliis

inferioribus uni-superioribus 2~4-jugis, rachi valida apice ramoso-cirrhifera,

foliolis oblongis v. ovato v. oblongo-obovatis crassiusculis integris v. den-

tatis nervis impressis, floribus 2-5in racemum brevem dispositis, calycis

lobis subulato-lanceolatis recurvis, corolla calyce triplo Jongiore sordide

rubra v. violacea striita, stylo infra apicem barbato, legumine late lineari

compresso apice incurvo breviter rostrato, margine utroque setifero setis

basi bulbosis, seminibus globosis v. oblongis Jevibus v. rugulosis.

V. narbonensis, Linn. Sp. Pl. 737; DC. Prodr. vol. ii. p. 364; Koch, Synops.

Fl, Germ, 215.

V. serratifolia, Jacq. Fl. Austr. App. t. 8; Sturm, Flora Deutschi. vol. viii.

t. 32.

V. narbonensis e¢ serratifolia, Boiss. Fl. Orient. vol. ii. pp. 577, 578.

The chief interest attaching to Vicia narbonensis rests in

its having been supposed to be the origin of the common

Bean (Vicia Faba, Linn. ; Faba vulgaris, Moench.). For this

supposition the two weightiest arguments are (1) that the

two plants belong to, and are the only species of one and

the same section of Vicia; and (2) that V. Faba is said

to have been found wild within the same area as that

covered by V. narbonensis, viz. the desert of Mungan, in

Mazanderan on the southern shores of the Caspian Sea,

where it was collected by Lerche, a Russian traveller,

whose specimen is preserved in the Herbarium of the St.

Petersburgh Botanical Gardens. With regard to the first

argument, it is much invalidated by the fact of the

differences in almost every organ of the two species,

especially in the strongly nerved, usually serrated leaflets

of V. narbonensis, with many very spreading nerves and

strongly reticulate nervules, and its flattened pods,

which are remarkable for the little bristles with bulbous

bases along both sutures; and of which bristles I find no

traces in the cultivated V. Faba. On the other hand,

Frepruary Ist, 1892.

V. narbonensis, which has an immense geographical range,

in cultivated and virgin soil, from Southern France to the

Caucasus, and from North Africa to Arabia, Persia, and

North India, is a variable plant, the stipules being some-

times almost entire, the number of leaflets varying from two

to eight and from quite entire to acutely deeply toothed.

_ Their nervation too varies, though I never find the few

almost straight nerves of V. Faba, the leaflets of which are

three-nerved from the base. Then again, though V. Faba

was no doubt found apparently wild by Lerche, there is

no evidence that it was indigenous; and Boissier, whose

knowledge of the Oriental Flora was unrivalled, expressly

says that he never saw it inanindigenous state. The only

author who expressly claims to have seen V. Faba wild is

Munby, who includes it in his “ Catalogus Plantarum in

Algeria sponte nascentium,” as being found at Oran. His

specimen is in the Kew Herbarium, and ticketed by him-

self, ‘ Vicia Faba, L., spontanea in pascuis argillosis,

Figuia, Oran, Maii, 1865,” but Cosson, whose knowledge of

Algerian plants ranked with Boissier’s of Oriental, affirms

that he has never seen a wild specimen from North Africa.

For some of the above information J am indebted to

M. De Candolle’s valuable “‘ Origine des Plantes Cultivées,”’

where all the very earliest authorities for the history of

the cultivated bean are given, together with much interest-

ing information. This author does not favour the

hypothesis of Vicia narbonensis being the origin of the

Bean; but rather appears to consider the two plants

as generically distinct. On the contrary, Bentham,

who made the Leguminose a life-long study, says in the

‘Genera Plantarum ” (vi. p. 525) that V. Faba only differs

from narbonensis in the thicker subfleshy or coriaceous

pericarp, and is perhaps a race of that species produced

by cultivation.

The specimen of V. narbonensis here figured was raised

from seed by Messrs Sutton and Co., the eminent seeds-

men, and sent by them to Kew for determination in June

of last year.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Standard; 2, wing; 3, keel; 4, stamens; 5, portion of ovary and

ovule :—all enlarged.

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NEOBENTHAMIA agractms.

Native of Eastern Tropical Africa.

Nat. Ord. OrcuipEx.—Tribe VanpEx.

Genus Nropentuamia, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1891, vol. ii. p. 272.

NEoBENTHAMIA gracilis; terrestris, caulibus elongatis ramosis flexuosis sar-

mentosis foliosis, foliis lineari-elongatis acuminatis basi vaginantibus

recurvis, floribus in racemum brevem strictum terminalem breviter pedun-

culatum dispositis patentibus albis longe pedicellatis, bracteis parvis

setaceis, perianthii campanulati sepalis petalisque latioribus oblongis

obtusis apicibus recurvis, labello a basi patente sepalis paullo longiore

sessili obovato-oblongo subtruncato marginibus crispatis, disco medio

aureo et maculis rubris 2-seriatim dispositis ornato basi puberulo,

columna breviuscula crassa mutica, clinandrio parvo, anthera subhemi-

spherica“ umbonata, polliniis 2 globosis inequaliter 2-fidis (v. 4 hemi-

sphericis uno cujusvis paris minore) glandula rotundata squameformi

breviter stipitatis.

N. gracilis, Rolfe, l.c.

A very singular terrestrial orchid, differing much in

habit from any hitherto described, though clearly I think

belonging to the tribe Vandex, subtribe Cymbidex, as Mr.

Rolfe has determined. The long tufted stems, which attain

four feet, are branched sparingly and are clothed with leaves

almost throughout with grassy flaccid leaves. They do not

root but apparently rest for support on neighbouring bushes,

for under cultivation they require to be tied to a stake.

The leaves are subdistichous, and droop, much as in some

narrow-leaved Cymbidia, and the raceme is terminal as in

that genus, from which Neobenthamia differs conspicuously

in the shorter hardly spreading perianth and the lip not

being erect, nor embracing the column, but spreading from

the base and slightly recurved beyond the middle. The

position of the genus in the ‘‘ Genera Plantarum” should

I think be next to Cyperorchis, a genus with difficulty

distinguishable from Cymbidium, but of which the long

perianth segments do not spread except at the tips. :

In naming this plant Neobenthamia, Mr. Rolfe has paid

a well-merited tribute to the excellency of my late colleague

Fesruary Ist, 1892.

Mr. Bentham’s work, especially as regards the revision of

the Orchidex in the ‘* Genera Plantarum,” which has been

justly described as ‘‘a masterpiece of research and

scientific taxonomy.” The “neo” was very judiciously

added, in order to avoid confusion with the two previously

founded (though abandoned) genera named Benthamia, one

of which (which still bears in all gardens the honoured

name) being a species of Cornus ; the other is a Herminium,

which genus again will I doubt not in a future “ recensi

Orchidearum” have to be merged into Habenaria.

Neobenthamia is one of Sir John Kirk’s many discoveries

in the Zanzibar kingdom; living plants of it were sent by

him to the Royal Gardens in 1884, which flowered in a

stove in February, 1890.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Up and column; 2, front view of column; 3, anther; 4 and 5;

pollinia :—all enlarged.

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CEREUS Gicanrzvs.

Native of Southern California.

Nat. Ord. Cactra.—Tribe EcuinocactTe2,

Genus Cereus, Haw. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 849.)

CerEvus (Lepidocereus) giganteus; erectus, cylindricus, simplex y. parce

ramosus et candelabriformis, basin et apicem versus attenuatus, ramis

paucis erectis, vertice applanato tomentoso, costis infra sub 13 sursum

18-21 rectis acutatis, sinubus acutis, areolis prominulis ovato-orbiculatis

junioribus albido-tomentosis, aculeis rectis basi bulbosis tenuiter sulcatis,

radialibus 10-16, inferioribus brevioribus, summis 4—-5-ezteris mul-

toties longioribus validis, floribus apicem versus caulis aggregatis, ovario

ovoideo, sepalis oblongo-ovatis obtusis imbricatis nudis v. parce aculeatis

tecto, calycis tubo mediocri, sepalis lineari-oblongis obtusis arcte imbri-

catis inferioribus in axillis lanigeris,tintimis 10-15 apicibus undulatis

spathulatis, petalis 25-35 obovato-spathulatis convexis recurvis albis, sta-

minibus numerossisimis, antheris dense congestis, stylo incluso, stig-

matibus 12-18 linearibus obtusis, bacca obovoidea v. pyriformi, pericarpio

demum 38-4-valvi, pulpa coccinea, seminibus numerossisimis. oblique

obovoideis lucidis exalbuminosis, cotyledonibus foliaceis tramatis. ~

C. giganteus. Engelm. Cact. of Emory Rep, p. 22 (1848); in Am. Journ. Se.

& Arts, Ser. ii. vol. xiv. (1852) p. 835; Synops. of Cactez of U. States, in

Proc, Am. Acad. Arts & Se. vol. iit. (1856) p, 287; in Rep. of Whipple's

Railroad Surv, vol, iv. (1856) p. 36; im Rep. of Emory Mew. Boundary

Survey, vol. ii. pt. i. (1859) p. 42, t. LXI., LXIL., et Tab. Front. Trelease

& A. Gray, Bot. Works of G. Engelm. pp. 118, 122, 125, 140, 161, 202,

t. LXI. LXII.; Bot. Zeit. 1854, p. 616.

The flowering of this wonderful plant in England must

be considered one of the triumphs of Horticulture. It has

been long known to science, very imperfectly at first, from

accounts brought by W. H. Emory of a gigantic Cactus

which he saw in 1847 during his military reconnaisance

from the Missouri River to San Diego in California, and

who figured it in several plates that accompany his Report

(pp. 72—79). From seeds brought by Mr. Emory to Dr.

Engelman, of St. Louis, that botanist pronounced it to be

probably a species of Cereus, but it was not till Dr. Parry

accompanied a second expedition to the same regions, in

1852, that the plant was scientifically known. From Dr.

Parry’s notes Dr. Engelman was enabled to describe the

Marcu Ist, 1892.

species botanically in the American Journal of Science and

Arts (November, 1852), when he named it C. giganteus.

In that account he observes that ‘‘ it is no doubt the same

plant of which Humboldt makes mention in his work on

_ New Spain (vol. ii. p. 225), where he says that the Spanish

missionaries found at the foot of the Californian mountains

nothing but sand or rocks, on which grew a cylindrical

Cactus (Organos del Tunal) of extraordinary height.” In

a subsequent account of the plant in the Report of

Whipple’s Expedition on a route along the thirty-fifth

parallel, at p. 37, doubts are expressed as to the probability

of Engelman’s surmise being tenable, on the ground of

Humboldt having given no other characters for his

“Organos del Tunal” beyond its size and edible fruit; —

but surely if it be granted, as it must be, that C. giganteus

is the tallest of all Cacti, and bears an edible fruit, it is

natural to suppose that it is that referred to by Hum-

boldt’s informants, and that to this illustrious traveller

- we owe the first allusion to its existence.

C. giganteus inhabits the dreariest and most torrid

deserts of the American continent, in Southern California

and Arizona, from the William’s and Gila rivers to

Honors, Lat. 85° t6 26% N.. There trons of ff nse

described as “ giving the landscape a very peculiar ap-

pearance. As far as the eye can reach, in the valleys or

on the mountains, little else but rocky boulders, and the

stately yet awfully sombre aspect of this Cereus can be

seen.’ Individual plants are said to attain a height of

sixty feet, with scarcely a branch, and nearly two in

diameter, and as if to add to their uncomeliness the thick

fleshy substance of the upper part frequently rots away,

exposing a woody interior framework, which breaks up

into a crown of brush-like fragments that wave about in

the wind. Young plants are globose and very slow of

growth, they are found only under the shade of the “ Green

bark Acacia,” Cerridium floridanum, a starved bushy tree

that is scattered over the desert. Dr. Engelman mentions

having one such infant Cereus of this Species which he

believed to be eight or ten years old, but which was only

five or six inches in diameter. ?

The flowers, which are produced when the plant attains

a height of ten or twelve feet, appear from May to July,

and are succeeded by pear-shaped fruits three inches long,

which burst open by three or four valves, exposing a bright

red pulpy edible core full of seeds ; this core falls to the

ground, the valves being retained on the tree and reflexed,

when they resemble the petals of a scarlet flower. The

ulp is sweet, somewhat resembling a fig, and is greedily

eaten by the Indians, both raw and made into a kind of

molasses and conserve. The flesh of the plant itself is

bitter, in this respect differing from that of most Cacti, of

which the flesh is acidulous. The Indian name of the

plant is Suwarrow or Saguara, and the Mexican Pitajaya.

For the above information I am indebted to the notes

and observations of Drs. Engelman and Parry, scattered

through the various Reports and papers cited above.

The stem of the Kew plant is fourteen feet high and

four and a half in girth, at the thickest part ; on its arrival

it weighed twelve hundred weight and had no roots. It

was purchased from Messrs. A. Blane and Co., Nursery-

men, of Philadelphia, who own a piece of land in Mexico

where this species grow. On arrival in 1890 it was potted

and placed in the south end of the Palm House, where it

flowered in July, 1891.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Apex of lower sepal; 2, inner sepal; 3, stigmas :—all enlarged.

M.S. del, J.N Fitch lith. Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

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DIANTHUS CALLIZONUS.

Native of Transylvania.

Nat. Ord. CarroruyLLEa.—Tribe SILENEz.

Genus Diantuus, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 14-4.)

Diantuvs (dentati) callizonus ; perennis, glaberrimus, multicaulis, caulibus

ad apices fere foliosis, foliis patulis glaucis linearibus v. lineari-lanceolatis

acuminatis v. obtusis carinatis uninerviis margine integerrimis levibus

v. scaberulis, floribus amplis solitariis breviter pedunculatis roseis zona

interiore rubella albo punctata, bracteis 2-4 ovato-lanceolatis obtusis

v. acutis herbaceis erecto-patentibus calyce paullo brevioribus v. zqui-

longis, calycis cylindracei rubro striati lobis brevibus ovatis cilio-

latis v. glabris acutis v. subaristatis petalorum lamina calyce longiore

late cuneata striata apice crenata basin versus pilis erectis longis laxe

barbata, stylis brevibus inclusis.

D. callizonus, Schott et Kotschy, ex Schott in Bot, Zeit. vol. ix. (1851) p. 192;

Walp. Ann. vol. iv. p. 275.

D. nitidus, Baweng. Enum. Storp. Transylv. vol. i. p. 390 (non Kit.) ex Nym

Ansp. 101.

This lovely pink is a native of the calcareous alps of

Transylvania, called Piatra Krajuluj, at an elevation of

six thousand to seven thousand five hundred feet above the

sea, where it was first made known by the celebrated

botanical collector Kotschy. According to Nyman, how-

ever, it is the D. nitidus of Baumgarten’s Transylvanian

Flora, published in 1816, who cites as the habitat of

D. nitidus the very mountains and elevation which

D. callizonus inhabits. The affinity of D. callizonus is with -

D. alpinus (Plate 1205 of this work) which has similarly

solitary flowers, bracts, calyx, crenate petals with long

hairs on the surface, and a deep red zone of colour at their

bases speckled with white; but D. callizonus is a very much

finer and more robust plant, with larger flowers and more

glaucous leaves, like those of D. cxsius ; the flowers, too,

are of a paler colour, though Mr. Dewar informs me that

they do occur of a brighter colour than they are repre-

sented in the figure here given, which faithfully represents

the plant as placed before the artist.

Maxcu Isr, 1892.

According to a note by the late Mr. Bail, in his

Herbarium now at Kew, that able European botanist who

had botanized in Transylvania, regarded D. callizonus as

hardly different from D. nitidus, which is a much taller,

more slender plant, with much smaller flowers.

D. callizonus was purchased from F. Sundermann, of

Bavaria, in 1889, and flowered in the Rockery of the Royal

Gardens in June, 1891, where, as Mr. Dewar informs me,

it flourishes in an Eastern exposure.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Bracts and calyx, of the natural size; 2, petal; 3, stamens and

pistil; 4 and 5, anthers :—all enlarged.

Vincertt Brooks Day & San imp

MS del J. NEitch ith.

LReeve & C® Landon.

Tas. 7224.

GONGORA GRATULABUNDA.

Native of New Grenada.

Nat. Ord. Orcuipex.—Tribe Vanpex.

Genus Goneora, Ruiz. & Pav ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 549.)

Goncora gratulabunda; pseudobulbis oblongis alte acute costatis, foliis

oblanceolatis caudato-acuminatis 5-nerviis, racemo laxifloro, pedunculo

rachi pedicellisque elongatis rufo-fuscis, bracteis parvulis, floribus pen-

dulis flavidis fusco rubro creberrime maculatis, sepalorum marginibua

revolutis, dorsali oblongo-lanceolato acuto erecto, lateralibus reflexis

ovato-lanceolatis acutis, petalis cultriformibus acuminatis columna bre-

vioribus, labelli hypochilo cuneiforme tumido biaristato basi ecornuto,

epichilo hypochilo zquilongo et aquilato ovato tumido undulato basi

dorso saccato.

G. gratulabunda, Reichb. f. in Bot. Zeit. L. (1857) 157 ; Xen. Orchid. vol. ii.

p. 169, t. 170, f. 3.

Of the species of Gongora hitherto described and figured

G. gratulabunda, appears to me to be most nearly related to

G. bufonia, Lindl., Bot. Reg. v. xxvii. (1841) t. 2, and v.

xxxiil. (1847) t. 17, differing in the much larger and very

differently coloured flowers ; those of G. bufonia being more

or less of a vinous red and unspotted. In the form of the

lip, from which the chief specific characters in the genus

are taken by both Lindley and Reichenbach, they entirely

agree, except that the gibbosities at the base of the

hypochile in (7. bufonia are entirely absent in G. gratula-

bunda. In this respect the latter agrees with G. portentosa

(Tab. 6284) a species with very broad sepals, and with

the epichile of the lip reduced toa subulate process. Other

very closely allied forms of the species are figured by

Reichenbach in his Xenia Orchidacea, as G. retrorsa, steno-

glossa, Seideliana aromatica and superflua, all natives of the

Northern States of South America, and very difficult to

distinguish.

G. gratulabunda is, according to Reichenbach, a

doubtful native of New Grenada. It was discovered by

Warscewicz, and was flowered in January of 1857 by the

Marcu Ist, 1892. .

famous collector of Orchids, the late Consul Schiller, of

Hamburg.

The drawing was made from a plant procured from

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, which flowered

in the Royal Gardens in June of last year, in a tropical

house.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Column with petals; 2, lip; 3, pollinia :—all enlarged.

Chird Series.

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CHRYSANTHEMUM nrorvunpiroti0vm.

Native of Hungary.

Nat. Ord. Compositz. Tribe ANTHEMIDEX.

Genus CurysantuEmom, Linn. (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 424.)

CHRYSANTHEMUM (Pyrethrum) rotundifolium; perenne glabriusulum caule

acute 5-6-gono, foliis radicalibus longe petiolatis ovato- v. cordato-sub-

rotundis crenato-dentatis, caulinis ovatis serratis in petiolum latum

angustatis supremis floralibusque sessilibus lanceolatis argute dentatis,

- floribus corymbosis, pedicellis elongatis acutangulis, involucri bracteis

oblongisate scariosis margine nigris denticulatis, floribus glaberrimis,

ligulis albis pollicaribus linearibus apice 3-denticulatis, acheniis teretibus

striatis cupula membranacea lacera coronatis.

C. rotundifolium, Waldst. et Kitaib., ex Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. iii. p. 2144, et

Pl. Rar. Hungary, vol. iti. p. 262, t. 236; Wahlenb. Fl. Carpath. 275,

n. 889; Bawmgart. Enum. Strip. Transylv. vol. iii. p. 107.

C. montanum, Geners. Fl. Scepus. Elench. n. 808 (non Linn.)

Leucanthemum rotundifolium, DC. Prodr. vol. vi. p. 46.

Matricaria rotundifolia, Poir. Dict. Supp/. vol. iii. p. 608.

Pyrethrum ? Waldsteinii, Janka, Adat. Fiwme Floraz. Ismeret. 1874, 177, ex

Nym. Consp. 372. |

Tanacetum Waldsteinil, Schultz Bip. ew Nym. 1. c.

Chrysanthemum rotundifolium is a very showy Hungarian

Michaelmas Daisy, differing much from those in general

cultivation by its strict rigid habit, acutely angled stem

and branches, corymbose many-flowered inflorescence and

broad leaves. In habit it belongs to the section Pyrethrwn

(genus Pyrethrum of Geertner), which includes most of the

perennial white-flowered species of Chrysanthemum, but it

differs from that section as defined by modern authors, in

the terete, not ribbed or angled achene, and in the cupular

pappus, and it accords with no section as hitherto defined.

C. rotundifolium is a native of the mountain valleys of

Hungary, Transylvania, and Bucovina. It is rather a low-

growing species, not exceeding two feet high in the Royal

Marcu lst, 1892.

Gardens, where it flourishes both in the Herbaceous ground

and in the Rockery, flowering freely throughout the

summer. The plant was procured from F. Sundermann,

of Bavaria, in 1890.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Involucral bract; 2, ray-flower; 3, achene of the same; 4, disk-

flower ; 5, stamens ; 6, style of disk-flower :—al/ enlarged.

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LYSIMACHIA PARIDIFORMIS.

Native of China.

Nat. Ord. PrimvuLaces. Tribe Lystmacuiza.

Genus Lysmmacutia, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. ii. p. 635.)

Lystmacuia (Tridynia) paridiformis ; erecta, sparse puberula, caule basi

simplici nudo superne verticillatim ramoso, foliis verticillatis sessilibus

ellipticis yv. obovato-lanceolatis acuminatis subtus glaucescentibus,

floribus in capitula pedunculata mullibracteata congestis majusculis

aureis, sepalis subulato-lanceolatis glandulis linearibus notatis, corolla

campanulata 5-loba, tubo intus pulvereo lobis ovatis obtusis, filamentis

inequilongis infra medium in tubum pulveream conflnentibus, antheris

oblongis inclusis, ovariio fere globoso.

L. paridiformis, Franch. in Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris (1884) p. 433: Forbes

& Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxvi. (1889) p. 55.

The genus Lysimachia is more numerously represented

in China than in any other country of the globe, no fewer

than thirty-five species being enumerated in Forbes and

Hemsley’s enumeration of the plants of that country, to

which, no doubt, many more are to be added. Proceeding

eastward or westward from China the number rapidly de-

creases to nine in the whole continent of North America,

fourteen in British India, six in the Oriental region of

Boissier, and eight in Europe proper.

L. paridiformis belongs to the section Tridynia as adopted

by Asa Gray in his Botany of the Northern United States of

America, and which is characterized by the opposite or

whorled sessile gland-dotted leaves, yellow corolla marked

as well as the calyx by glandular streaks, unequal filaments

monadelphous below, without interposed staminodes, and

few seeded five-valved capsules. Of described species it ig

perhaps nearest to L. quadrifolia of the Eastern United

States, which has leaves in whorls of three to six, and

foliaceous bracts amongst the flowers, but in that species

the flowers are very small, and have long axillary filiform

pedicels.

L. paridiformis was raised at the Royal Gardens from

seeds sent by Dr. Henry, from Ichang, in China, on the

Marcu Ist, 1892.

Yangtse Kiang river, in 1889, and the plants raised

from them flowered in the open border in July, 1891.

It appears to be perfectly hardy. It has the habit, Mr.

Dewar informs me, of losing its- basal leaves when coming

into flower.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Calyx; 2, section of flower with stamens and pistil; 3 and 4,

stamens ; 5, pistil :—all enlarged.

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Tan. 7222._CEREUS GIGANTEUS.

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LILIUM peimoinonm.

Native of Upper Burma.

Nat. Ord. Linracez. Tribe Tuxieex.

Genus Litium, Linn. (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 816.)

Liium (Eulirion) primulinum ; bulbo magno globoso squamis lanceolatis,

saule stricto erecto 3—4-pedali, foliis sparsis dissitis sessilibus lanceolatis,

floribus paucis corymbosis vel umbellatis pedicellis longis cernuis,

perianthio infundulari primulino-luteo immaculato 5-6-pollicari, seg-

mentis oblanceolato-oblongis subconformibus dimidio superiori subrecurvis

‘staminibus perianthio paulo brevioribus, antheris linearibus brunneis,

stylo stamina longe superante.

L. neilgherrense, Collett et Hemsl. in Journ, Linn. Soc. vol. xxviii. p. 138, non

Wight. :

L. claptonense, Hort. Low. *

This is another new Lily which has been imported by

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., from the Shan States, in Upper

Burma. Its nearest allies are L. nepalense, Bot. Mag.,

tab. 7043, and ZL. neilgherrense, Bot. Mag., tab. 6332.

From the latter it differs by its shorter and more open

tube, brown anthers, and style as long as the perianth

segments. It is mentioned in Collett and Hemsley’s paper

in the Journal of the Linnean Society under the rame of

netlgherrense, as having been collected at Boni, in the Shan

States, by Mr. Boxall. It forms a connecting link between

the two sections Hulirion and Martagon by having the

perianth-segments subrecurved in the upper half. Our

drawing was made from a specimen flowered by Messrs.

Hugh Low & Co, in September, 1891.

Desor. Bulb large, globose; scales lanceolate. Stem

stiffly erect, glabrous, three or four feet long. Leaves

scattered, lanceolate erecto-patent, sessile, glossy, bright

green, three or four inches long. Flowers about three,

arranged in a corymb or umbel, on long cernuous pedicels

with a large lanceolate leaf at the middle. Perianth

openly funnel-shaped, pale yellow, unspotted, tinted out-

Aprit Ist, 1892. :

side with green in an early state, five or six inches long;

segments oblanceolate-oblong, the outer and the inner nearly

uniform, above an inch broad at the middle, connivent in

an open funnel in the lower half, subrecurved in the upper

half. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth; anthers

linear, brown. Style much overtopping the anthers and

reaching to the very tip of the perianth-segments.—J. G.

Baker.

Fig. 1, An anther, front view ; 2,an anther, back view; 3, pistil complete :—

all enlarged.

N.S.del, JN Fitch, lith.

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HABENARTA Lonencatcarata.

Native of the Western Ghuts of India.

Nat. Ord. Oncuiprx.—Tribe Orurypex.

Genus Hasenania Willd.; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p- 624.

Hapenaria longecalcarata; foliis radicalibus patulis oblongis acutis v

acuminatis, scapo vaginato !—2-floro, floribus longe pedicellatis bracteis

elongatis pedicellos vaginantibus eosque wquantibus v. superantibus

ovario elongato curvo alte costato, sepalo dorsali oblongo obtuso concavo.

viridi, Jateralibus longioribus reflexis falcatis obtusis pallide virescentibus

petalis erectis sepalo dorsali aquilongis lineari-oblongis obtusis viridibus

labello sepalis multoties longiore cuneato trilobo albo, lobis lateralibus

cuneatis truncatis ‘erosis, marginibus recurvis, intermedio parvo paullo

breviore lineari obtuso, calcare longissimo viridi labello 3-4 plo longiore

ore constricto, anthers obtusa cruribus incurvis, rostello magno erecto

obtuso, polliniis oblongis curvis stipite bialato, glandula minima, pro-

cessubus stigmatosis porrectis decurvis.

H. longecalcarata, A. Rich. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, vol. xv. p. 71,t.3; Wight

Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 925; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. p. 268; Hook. f. Fl. Brit.

Ind, vol. vi. p. 141 in part, et p. 197.

H. longicorniculata, Grah. Cat. Bomb. Pl. p. 202.

This is one of three closely allied long-spurred Hale-

narias confined to the Western Ghats of the Peninsula of

Jndia, and characterized by their large flowers and the

great length of their spurs, and which have been much con-

founded in botanical works. They are (1) H. longicornu,

Lindl. (H. montana, A. Rich. in Ann. Se. Nat. Ser. ii. vol.

xy. #. 73), which has acuminate leaves, bracts shorter than .

the long-beaked ovary, three to eight-flowered scapes, the

lip not longer than the lateral sepals, and the spur about

twice as long as the ovary; (2) H. decipiens, Wight

Tc. Pl. Ind. Or. vol. v. Pt. i. p. 14 (H. montana, Wight

l.c. t. 927, not of A. Rich.) with more numerous (six to ten)

smaller flowers, very short pedicels, the lip rather longer

than the sepals, and a spur four or five times as, long as

the beaked ovary; and (3) the plant here figured. This

latter I assume to be the same as H. longicorniculata of

Graham in his “* Catalogue of Bombay Plants” (though his

Aprit Ist, 1892.

description might apply to any of the three species), because

he gives as its habitat, Kandalla (a suburb of Poona), in

the South Concan, where Dalzell had collected H. longe-

calcarata.

H. longecalcarata has been found along the whole

range of the Ghats, from Poona to ‘Travancore, ascend-

ing to about five thousand feet, growing in open places.

The specimen here figured was communicated by the

Rt. Hon. Sir Mountstuart Grant Duff, Bart., G.C.S.L.,

F.R.S., late Governor of Madras, who flowered it at his

residence, York House, ['wickenham, in September, 1891.

I may remind readers that the garden of this same York

House was, when occupied by His Royal Highness the

Comte de Paris, famous for its collection of terrestrial

Orchidex, see Orphrys Speculum and O. lutea, Plates 5868

and 5941, and Serapias Lingua, Plate 5868, all of this work.

H. longecalcarata has the merit of remaining long in

flower. The specimen here figured was received in flower-

ing state in September, 1891, and was still flowering in the

cool orchid house of Kew in the following November.— —

he Ds Ft.

Fig. 1, Petal ; 2, front view of column, showing its ascending arms tipped

with the glands of the pollinia, the interposed rostellum, and the lip of the

anther behind, also the two stigmatic appendages one on each side of the

contracted mouth of the spur; 3, side view of the same; 4, the same with

the rostellum removed; 5, a pollinium :—all enlarged.

M.S.del

iwols..

itch dith.

L.Reeve & ©? London.

Vineent Brooks Day& sontmp

Tas. 7229.

CIRRHOPETALUM ornatisstmum.

Native of Assam and the Eastern Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. OxcHIpEs. Tribe ErrpenpREz.

Genus CrrruoretaLum, Lindl, ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. iii. p. 504.)

CIRRHOPETALUM ornatissimum ; rhizomate robusto, pseudobulbis ovoideis

tetragonis, folio elliptico-lanceolato, scapo suberecto paucifloro, bracteis

subulato-lanceolatis, floribus magnis pallide carneis rubro-striatis, sepalo

dorsali ovato-lanceolato basi truncato pilis rubris longe ciliato, laterali-

bus dorsali duplo longioribus attenuato-acuminatis, petalis ovatis fasciculo

palearum sanguinearum terminatis, labello breviter stipitato oblongo

obtuso incrassato recurvo, columna longiuscula apicem versus utrinque

arista porrecta decurva instructa.

C. ornatissimum, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1882, vol. ii. p. 424; Warner

Orchid. Album, t. 369; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. v. p. 773.

The general resemblance of this remarkable plant to

the still more remarkable C. Colletti figured in this work

in October of last year (Plate 7198), is obvious, notwith-

standing the marked difference in their pseudobulbs and

mode of growth; the pseudobulbs in this organ being in

ornatissimum ovate and four-sided, in Colletti subglobose

and deeply four lobed; and the scape in this being erect

and arising from the side of the pseudobulb as usual in

the genus, but in Collettii it is pendulous and arises

from the young growths before the new pseudobulbs are

developed. Other differences are to be found in the longer

leaves of C. ornatissimum, the truncate base of the dorsal

sepal, which is not tipped with a bunch of palew; in the

shorter lateral sepals, and especially in the much less

highly developed palew of the petals, in the scabrid ridges

of the lip, and in the bristle-like appendages at the tip of

the column not being strongly decurved.

C. ornatissimum was first described from specimens

stated to have been received from Assam, the reputed

native country of the specimen here figured; but as, ac-

cording to a figure in the collection of drawings belonging

to the Botanical Gardens of Calcutta, it is a native of

Apri lst, 1892.

Sikkim, its more exact locality is probably the outer

ranges of the HimaJaya Mountains, from Sikkim east-

wards. In the above-mentioned figure the sepals and

petals are yellowish-green, and the red streaks are broken

up into purple dots. In the plate given in Warner’s

Orchid Album the leaves are broadly elliptic with rounded

retuse tips, dark green with no yellow margin, the

bracts are longer and the flowers much larger, of a dull

purplish blue, the lateral sepals end in longer tails, and the

petals have an almost black purple centre and greenish

border ; it doubtless represents a variety.

C. ornatissimum was received at Kew from the Royal

Botanical Gardens of Calcutta in 1890 (under the erroneous

name of Bulbophyllum Mannii), and flowered in the tropical

orchid house of Kew, in September, 1891.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Dorsal sepal; 2, pales of the etals; 3, column and lip; 4, lip;

5, anther :— all enlarged. " ‘ ee f

7230.

MS.deLJ.N-Fitch,lith. Vincent Brocks, Day & Son, imp.

T. Reeve & O° London. e.

TAB. 7200.

STREPTOCARPUS Gatpini.

Native of the Transvaal.

Nat. Ord. Gesneracea.—Tribe CYRTANDREA.

Genus Srreprocarrvs, Lindl.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1028.)

Srrerrocarrts (Galpini; folio solitario radicali sessili ovato-oblongo obtuso

integerrimo basi subcordato supra sericeo-villoso inter nervos profunde

impressos tumidis, subtus carneo nervis validis rubris, scapis plurimis

pedicellis calycibus ovariisque dense glanduloso-pubescentibus, floribus

racemosis, pedicellis robustis elongatis erectis v. patulis, calycis 5-partiti

segmentis linearibus obtusis tubo corolle multo brevioribus, corolle sub-

campanulatz violacea tubo lente incurvo, lobis 5 wqualibus patenti-

recurvis orbiculatis tubo «quilongis, filamentis pilosis, antheris reni-

formibus, staminodiis filiformibus glabris, stylo brevi glanduloso stigmate

simplici.

S. Galpini, Hook. f. in Hogg Journ. of Horticulture, N.S. No. 593 (November

5, 1891, p. 388), fig. 76.

The plant here figured is the eleventh species of Strepto-

carpus that has appeared in this Magazine, and it differs

from all previously described in the very short broad corolla

tube, rendering the corolla almost campanulate, though

with a curvature in the tube. In all other species the |

corolla has a cylindric and more or less elongate or a

funnel-shaped tube, usually much longer than its lobes.

8. Galpini is one of the species of which the solitary leaf

is developed from one of the cotyledons of the embryo, as

described under 8. Dunnii, Tab. 6903, and as 1s the case

in 8. Sandersii, Tab. 5251, and 8. polyanthus, Tab. 4850 ;

and like them is a native of the Hastern South Africa. It

was discovered in the Transvaal by Mr. Ernest E. Galpin,

of Barbertown, to whom the Royal Gardens are under great

obligations for many new plants both living and dried.

In a letter to Mr. Watson, Assistant-Curator of the Royal

Gardens, Mr. Galpin describes this Streptocarpus as grow-

ing in crevices of cliffs and under rocks only on the tops

of the mountains, just below the brows of the highest

peaks, as on the “ Bearded Man,” which forms one of the

boundaries of Swazieland, thirty miles from Barberton.

Aprit Ist, 1892.

Mr. Galpin mentions a crimson-flowered species with

leaves eighteen inches long by thirteen wide, and numerous

flowers, as growing in profusion on the same mountain.

Can this be S. Dunnii, mentioned above, which was found

on the Spitzkop at three thousand six hundred to six

thousand feet elevation? and the leaves of which attain,

under cultivation at Kew, three feet in length and the

flowers of which are bright rose-coloured.

The seeds of S. Galpini were received from Mr. Galpi

in May, 1890, and the plants raised from them flowered

in October of the following year in the Succulent House

of the Royal Gardens. Mr. Watson has planted a row of

this species along the margin of the Aloe bed in the same

house, which will no doubt have a brilliant effect in the

coming season.—J. D, H.

Fig. 1, Calyx and ovary; 2, base of corolla, stamens, and staminodes;

3, stamen; 4, ovary; 5, transverse section of ditto :—all enlarged.

72:37,

Vincent Brooks Day & Son, imp:

L. Reeve &C92Tondon.

Tas. 7231.

BEAUFORTIA sparsa.

‘Native of Western Australia.

Nat. Ord. Myrracea.—Tribe LEprosPERME,

Genus Braurorti, Br. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 705.)

BrEAuFortia sparsa ; frutex, inflorescentia excepta glaberrima, foliis }—? polli-

caribus sparsis patulis elliptico-ovatis v. -lanceolatis subacutis nervosis,

spicis axi centrali ramorum enactis oblongis densifloris, rachi calycibusque

glabris v. pubescentibus, calycis tubo } poll. longo, lobis tubo subzqui-

longis rotundatis, petalis orbicularibus sepalis duplo longioribus, sta-

minum fasciculis cujusvis floris ad 5 pollicaribus coccineis, ungue filiformi,

antheris ad 7 longe stipitatis minutis globosis, connectivo crasso, valvis

parvis orbicularibus, ovario 3-loculari vertice depresso villoso, stylo

filiformi apice deflexo, loculis 1-ovulatis. ty

B. sparsa, Br. in Ait. Hort, Kew, Ed. 2. vol. xiv. p. 419; DC. Prodr. vol. iii.

p. 211; Schauer in Nov, Act. Nat. Cur, vol. xxi. p. 14 (errore 18), et in

Lehm. Plant. Preiss. vol. i. p. 149; Benth. Fl. yf tral. vol. ii. p. 165;

Illustr. Horticole. 1886, t. 594.

B, splendens, Past. Brit. Fl. Gard. vol. xiii. p. 145, cum Ie.

This brilliant shrub was discovered at the close of the

last, century by Archibald Menzies, F.L.S., Surgeon and

Naturalist to Vancouver’s Expedition, in King George’s

Sound, South Western Australia, now the site of the town

of Albany, a locality abounding in rare and beautiful plants,

and especially noted as the single habitat for Cephalotus

follicularis. The genus Beaufortia consists of twelve

species, and is a member of the subtribe Beaufortix of

Myrtacex, which is confined to Western Australia. The

only other species that have been introduced into cultiva-

tion is B. decussata, Br., also a native of King George’s

Sound, and figured at t. 1733 of this work, and B. Dampieri,

A. Cunn., t. 3272.

The curious inflorescence of this and allied Aus-

tralian genera, and which preseats the appearance of a

spike the axis of which is produced beyond it into leafy

branches, is the result of a consecutive series of closely

contiguous leaves being reduced to bracts and bearing each

a flower in its axil, the whole being hidden by the cataract

Aprit Ist, 1892,

of pendulous bundles of stamens. In the case of B, sparsa

there are about five bundles of stamens in each flower, and

each bundle consists of a thread about an inch long bearing

about eight long-stalked diverging filaments, of which two

are opposite and placed considerably below five that

terminate the thread; the filaments each bear a minute

globose anther with a thick clavate connective and two

lateral orbicular valves. In B. Dampieri the bundle of

stamens is flattened, dilated above, and cleft into nine to

fifteen filaments. This last is a most interesting plant, as

being one of the first brought from Australia to Hurope, in

the little Herbarium formed by the great and accomplished

navigator Dampier, at Shark’s Bay, in 1699. In

B., decussata again the bundle of filaments branches at the

extremity into seven or more, and the anthers have

conical or almost horn-shaped valves.

B. striata was introduced into England upwards of half

_ a century ago, and is much less frequently cultivated than

it deserves to be. It has long been a resident of the

Temperate House at Kew. The plant from which the

drawing is made is a compact shrub four feet high which

flowered in September, 1891.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Leaf; 2, bract ; 3, flower; 4 and 5, anthers ; 6, pistils :—all enlarged.

“BOTANICAL MAGAZINE.

: _ CONTENTS OF No. 568, APRIL, 1892.

“TAB. 7987.—_TALIUM PRIMULINUM,

_y» 7228.—HABENARIA LONGECALCARATA.

» %229.—CIRRHOPETALUM ORNATISST MUM,

yy BO —STREPTOCARPUS GALPINI,

7231 —BEAUFORTIA SPARSA.

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: - MSdel.IN Fitch, lith Vincent Brocks Day& Son, Imp.

L.Reeve & C2 London.

Tas. 72382.

LILIUM Lowi.

Native of Upper Burma.

Nat. Ord. Litiacez. Tribe Tunire2.

Genus Linum, Linn. (Benth. & Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 816.)

Litivm (Eulirion) Lowi; bulbo magno globoso squamis lanceolatis, caule

stricto erecto glabro 3-4-pedali, foliis perpluribus sparsis linearibus ses-

silibus, floribus circiter 3 cernuis longe pedunculatis, perianthio late infun-

dibulari 3-4-pollicari segmentis oblongo-lanceolatis supra medium recurvis

extus albis intus dimidio superiori albis immaculatis dimidio inferiori

flavo viridi tinctis punctis pluribus minutis rubro-purpureis decoratis,

genitalibus perianthio paulo brevioribus, antheris brunneis, stigmate vix

antheras eminente.

L. nepalense, Collett et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxviii. p. 138, t. 22,

non D, Don. ;

The exploration of Upper Burma has brought to light a

new field for Lilies, and we are much indebted to Messrs.

Hugh Low and Oo. (after whom the present species is

named) for the pains they have taken to bring them into

cultivation. The nearest allies of the present plant are

L. nepalense and L. Bakerianum. The former has been

figured lately in the Boranican MacGazinz (tab. 7043), so

that the two plants may easily be compared. The latter

differs by its erect flowers, shorter stamens, and inner

segments of the perianth much broader than the outer.

It is figured (tab. 22), and the country where these new

lilies grow is fully described, in a paper by General Collett

and my colleague, Mr. W. B. Hemsley, F.R.S., in the

twenty-eighth volume of the Journal of the Linnean

Society. The collection made in this region by General

Collett in 1887-88 contained 725 species of flowering

plants, representing 460 genera and 109 natural orders.

it appears that no less than four of these Burmese lilies

are new species. Our drawing was made from a specimen

flowered by Messrs. Hugh Low and Co. in July, 1891.

Descr. Bulb globose, two inches in diameter; scales

May Ist, 1892.

small, lanceolate. Stem glabrous, stiffly erect, three or

four feet long. Leaves very numerous, scattered, sessile,

linear, erecto-patent, two or three inches long. flowers

about three, corymbose or umbellate, on long cernuous

peduncles with a linear leafat the middle. Perianth openly

funnel-shaped, three or four inches long; fully expanded

limb three inches in diameter ; segments oblong-lanceolate,

the inner and outer nearly uniform, an inch broad at the

middle, white with a slight greenish tinge on the outside,

white without any spots inside on the spreading upper,

half, tinged with yellowish-green on the connivent lower

half and covered except in the centre, with minute spots

of claret-brown. Stamens about an inch shorter than the

perianth; anthers large, jinear, brown. Stigma just

overtopping the anthers.—J. G. Baker..

Fig. 1, An inner segment of the perianth, life-size; 2, stamens and pistil ;

nen oe anther; 4, ovary, more or less enlarged; 5, whole plant, much

7233.

MS. del, JN Fitch, ith.

L.Reeve & C2 London.

Tas. 7238.

RESTREPIA srerata.

Native of New Grenada,

Nat. Ord. OrncnipEs. Tribe ErrpenpRez.

Genus Restreria, Humb.& Bonpl.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. lii. p. 491.)

Restrerta striata; ceespitosa, caulibus vaginis cymbiformibus pallidis striatis

tectis, folio sessile late ovato subacuto v. apiculato v. 2-denticulato crasse

coriaceo pallide viridi marginibus subrecurvis pallidioribus, floribus

1-4 gracile pedicellatis, bractea parva ovario wquilonga, sepalo dorsali

pollicari lanceolato in filum apice clavellatum angustato albo rubro

fasciato, lateralibus in laminam lineari-oblongam apice bidentatam

auream creberrime sanguineo striatam coherentibus, petalis sepalo

dorsali consimilibus sed triente brevioribus, labello lineari apice 2-lobo

basi auriculis incurvis apicibus sabulatis falcatis instructo grosse papilloso

rubro-brunneo striato, columna gracili basi bigibbosa.

R. striata, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1891, vol. i. p. 187; Hogg in Journ, Hortic.

1892, p. 275, fig. 45.

Mr. Rolfe remarks of this little species, that, unlike

the majority of the genus, the lateral sepals instead of being

spotted are striped with seven sharply defined maroon lines

on a yellow ground. The former is the case with the three

species previously figured in this work, namely, the type

of the genus R. antennifera, Humb. and Bonpl. (Plate

6288, long the only known species, and considered one of

the most singular of plants), R. elegans, Karst. (Plate

5966), and R. Lansbergii (Plate 5257), which should

bear the name of R. xanthopthalma, Reichb. f. (in Hamb.

Gartenz. xxi. (1865) 300), a native of Guatemala, the true

R. Lansbergii (Reichb. f. and Wagen. in Bonpland. ii. 23)

being a native of Caraccas in Venezuela.

R. striata was first known from the drawing of a flower

in Kew Herbarium bearing the ticket, Schlim No. 68, and

no doubt made from a new Grenadan specimen, from the

Cauca range in which country Messrs. H. Low, of Clapton,

sent specimens to Kew in 1892; but not till after the

plant from which the accompanying drawing was made,

May 1st, 1892.

which was sent in February, 1889, by Mr. Moore from the

Glasnevin Gardens (still, as heretofore, in his father’s

time), so justly celebrated for its Orchid collection.—

Fig. 1, Pedicel and flower; 2, column and lip; 3, lip; 4,column; 5, anther ;

6, pollinia :—all enlarged. y

a AB: og ae.

LILIUM Gavi.

Native of the Mountains of Virginia and Carolina.

Nat. Ord. Lintacrz.—Tribe TuLirra.

Genus Litium, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 816.)

Litrum (Martagon) Grayi; rhizomate late repente bulbos parvos annuos

globosos squamis parvis crassis ferente, caule gracili erecto, foliis pleris-

que verticillatis sessilibus oblongo-lanceolatis acutis viridibus glabris,

floribus 1-3 longe pedunculatis horizontalibus vel subcernuis, perianthio

infundibulari rubro vel luteo tincto, segmentis oblongo-spathulatis cus-

pidatis intus maculis rubro-brunneis decoratis flore expanso leviter recur-

vatis, staminibus perianthio distincte brevioribus, stylo clavato apice

stigmatoso leviter trilobato ovario equilongo.

L. Grayi, S. Wats. in Proc. Amer. Acad. vol. xiv. pp. 256 and 302;

Garden & Forest, vol. i. (1888) pp. 19, 56, and 256, fig. 4; Man. Bot.

Jorth Unit. States, edit. vi. p. 529.

The present plant is nearly allied to Lilium cana-

dense (Bot. Mag., tabs. 800 and 858), but was considered

to be a distinct species by the late Dr. Sereno Watson and

other American botanists who have watched it carefully

under cultivation. It was first gathered by Dr. Asa Gray,

in 1840, near the summit of Roan Mountain, one of the

Alleghanies of North Carolina, and was refound at the

same place in June, 1879, by Dr. Gray and Professor

Sergeant. It has been found by Mr. A. H. Curtiss on the

Peaks of Otter, in Virginia, and by Mr. A. H. Kelsey on

the bunks of the Linville river, at the foot of Grandfather

Mountain, in North Carolina. As. compared with L.

canadense, the flowers are smaller, less pendulous, and

more open at the base, and the segments recurve very

little, and are narrowed more suddenly at the apex. In

the plant from which our drawing was made, which

flowered at Kew for the first time in an open border in

the summer of 1891, the flowers were entirely red ; but

they are said to be often tinged with yellow, especially on

the inside towards the base. The plant, as grown in the

Harvard botanic garden, has proved to be perfectly hardy,

May Isr, 1892. :

and as amenable to cultivation as LD. canadense and

superbum. :

Dzscr. Bulbs small, globose, annual, arising from a

wide-creeping perennial rootstock; scales small, thick,

ovate. Stem slender, erect, glabrous, two or three feet

long. Leaves typically, in about four whorls each of

four to eight leaves, which are sessile, oblong-lanceolate,

bright green, glabrous, two or three inches long and

spread horizontally. Flowers, one, two or three, long-

stalked, horizontal or rather drooping, red or tinged with

yellow towards the base, especially inside. Perianth,

openly funnel-shaped, two or three inches long; segments

oblong-spathulate, spotted more or less copiously with

claret-red inside, narrowed suddenly at the apex to a small

cusp, spreading very little when fully expanded. Stamens

half an inch shorter than the perianth ; filaments flattened ;

anthers oblong. Ovary oblong ; green, half an inch long ;

style as long as the ovary, thickened gradually upwards ;

stigmatose apex faintly three-lobed.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Back view of an

ther ; 2, i 5 er ee

less enlarged, r front view of anther; 3, pistil :—all more or

Vincent Brooks Day &Son inp.

\. Fateh thi

To:

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28 tt ae TF nn

TAB. 7235.

PILOCARPUS pernnatirotivs.

Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. Rutracrm.—tTribe ZANTHOXYLER,

Genus Pinocarrus, Vahl. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 299.)

Pinocarrus pennatifolius ; arbuscula, ramulis paniculisque glabris v. rufo-

puberulis, foliis alternis impari-pinnatis 1-1} pedalibus, foliolis 2-3-

jugis 3-9-pollicaribus oblongis apice rotundatis v. emarginatis basi in

petiolulum brevem angustatis coriaceis glabris v. subtus puberulis pel-

lucido-punctatis lete viridibus, floribus in racemum spiciformem pedalem

longe pedunculatum multiflorum rachi valida dispositis, pedicellis hori-

zontalibus validis viridibus minute 2-bracteolatis, bracteolis dentiformibus ~

alternis a basi longe distantibus, calyce minuto 5-dentato, corolla rotata

2 poll. diam. rufo-brunnea, petalis ovatis acutis apicibus valvatis fila-

mentis brevibus, antheris aureis, ovario 5-carpellari, stylis 5 brevibus

coherentibus. carpellis maturis 3-5 subcompressis dorso rotundato

carinatis, seminibus solitariis reniformibus altis nitidis.

P. pennatifolius, Lemaire Jard. Fleur. vol. iii. t. 263; Engler in Mart,: FT.

Bras. vol. xii. part ii. p. 187; Walp. Ann. vol. iv. p. 411; Bentley &

Trimen, Med. Pl. vol. i. t. 48: Van Hall in Siebold Flore des Jardins,

vol. iii. 1860, p. 113, ewm Te. pict.

P. trijugatus, Lem. (olim.) ex Walp, 1. c. :

P P. Selloanus, Hagler, in Mart. l. c. p. 136, t. xxx.

Pilocarpus pennatifolius is the source of one and that

now regarded as the typical Jaborandi, a drug used, as

are many others bearing the same vernacular name, in

Brazil as a sialogogue and diaphoretic, but not introduced

into the pharmacopeeas of Britain, India, or the United

States. According to the excellent account of the plant

given by Bentley and Trimen, its determination as the

source of the ordinary Jaborandi of commerce was made

early in 1875 by Professor Baillon of Paris, who, from an

examination of the leaves alone, was able to refer it to the

genus Pilocarpus, and with less certainty to P..pennati-

folius. In the same year Mr. Holmes, F.L.8., of the

Pharmaceutical Society, from an examination of the fruit,

confirmed its generic position, but in the absence of good

flowering specimens was unable with certainty to refer it

to pennatifolius.

May 1st, 1892.

Messrs. Bentley and Trimen go on to say that in

Engler’s revision of the genus for Martius’ Flora Brasil-

iensis, a plant from Southern Brazil described as P. Sel-

loanus, agrees still more closely with Jaborandi, but its

fruit also is unknown. It differs in the longer, thinner,

and less horizontal pedicels, and is collected near Assomp-

tion (in Paraguay) for export to Europe. Mr. Baillon

concludes that both plants, whether species or varieties,

yield the drug ; and Dr. Trimen places P. Selloanus as a

doubtful synonym of pennatifolius.

- Other plants called Jaborandi, and having the same

medicinal properties, are yielded in Brazil by, amongst

others, six species of Piperacee, an Aubletia, Rich. (Mon-

mera, Linn.), and a Xanthozylon.

As a drug the P. pennatifolius was introduced into

European practice by Dr. Coutinho, of Pernambuco, who

gave specimens of it to Professor Gubler, of Paris,

who tested it and found it to be an energetic sialogogue

and diaphoretic. The parts used are the dried leaves,

which leave in the mouth a somewhat aromatic very slightly

‘bitter and warm taste. They contain an oil and alkaloid,

both volatile, the latter termed pilocarpine.

P. pennatifolins was introduced into Europe by M. Libon,

as an ornamental plant, found by him in the forests of the

province of St. Paul in 1847, and was figured and described

as such in 1852 in the Jardin Fleuriste. It was again in

1860 figured in the Flore de Jardins, still in ignorance of its

being one of the Jaborandis of commerce. It is a widely

spread plant in Brazil, being found both in the southern

province of St. Paul, and in the northern provinces of

Ceara and Piauhy, and especially in the neighbourhood of

Pernambuco ; and, as above stated, is also a native of

Paraguay. In Kew Herbarium there is a specimen sent

by M. Gibert from Assompcion in Paraguay, in 1858, who ~

described it as a tree of considerable height.

The figure here given is from a plant that flowered in

the Economic House at Kew in N ovember, 1891, where it

has long been cultivated.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Bud and pedicel ; 2, vertical section of flower; 3 and 4, stamens;

5, ovary; 6, transverse section of do.; 7, ripe fruit :—all of the natural size.

7236.

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DIDYMOCARPUS tacunosa.

Native of Penang.

Nat. Ord. Gesnzracem.—Tribe CrrTanpDRER.

Genus Diprmocarrus, Wall; (Benth. et Hook. Sf. Gen. Pl. vol. iii, p. 1021.)

Dipymocarrus (Heteroboea) lacunosa ; subacaulis, tomentosus, foliis confertis

petiolatis oblongis v. ovato-cordatis crenulatis lacunosis, pedunculis

elongatis 2-pluri-floris, bracteis lanceolatis pedicellis decurvis brevioribus,

floribus secundis nutantibus, calyce 5-partito v. -fido segmentis lanceolatis

corollz saturate violacee tubo pollicari postice medio gibboso-inflato,

lobis brevibus late rotundatis recurvis integris, filamentis antherisque

glaberrimis, ovario lineari pubescente in stylum mediocrum angustato,

stigmate bifido.

A lovely little plant, with intensely violet-blue nodding

flowers, introduced by Messrs. Veitch from Penang, and of

which Herbarium specimens were sent to the Royal

Gardens in 1888 by Mr. Charles Curtis from damp rocks —

near the coast, in the Island Langkawi, on the west side

of the Malayan Peninsula, north of Penang. It is

probable indeed that Messrs. Veitch’s plants were procured

by Mr. Curtis at the latter locality, though shipped from

Penang.

The tribe Heteroboea of Clarke consists of eight (now

nine) known species, all Malayan, and that to which D.

lacunosa is perhaps most nearly allied is D. crinita, Jack,

(Clarke in Fl. Brit. Ind., vol. iv. p. 351), figured at Plate

4554 of this work, which is a native of Penang, Singapore,

and the adjacent islands of Borneo and Sumatra ; it differs

in being caulescent with a hirsute stem, longer leaves, and

pale yellowish flowers with a much longer narrower tube.

The native specimens of D. lacwnosa have a short very

stout rootstock and longer petioles and leaves than the

cultivated, and the old leaves and petioles and nerves

beneath are more shaggy with rusty brown hairs; the

flowers are identical.

I am indebted to Messrs. Veitch for the loan of the

specimen here figured, which was sent to Kew to be named

in July of last year.—J. D. H. -

Fig. 1, Calyx and ovary ; 2, section of tube of corolla and stamens ; 3, trans-

verse section of ovary :—all enlarged.

May Ist, 1892.

BRITISH, COLONIAL, AND FOREIGN

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CONTENTS OF No. 569, MAY, 1892.

Tas. 7232.—LILIUM LOWILI.

» %233,—RESTREPIA STRIATA,

» 7234.—LILIUM GRAYI.

» 1235.—PILOCARPUS PENNATIFOLIUS.

» 7236—DIDYMOCARPUS LACUNOSA.

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ee THE

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THE FLOWERING PLANTS, GRASSES, SEDGES, AND

FERNS OF GREAT BRITAIN,

AND THEIR ALLIES THE CLUB MOSSES, PEPPERWORTS, AND HORSETAILS.

By ANNE PRATT. With 313 accurately-coloured Plates.

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In medium 8vo, cloth, gilt top, price lds,

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ALTHAEA FicrFoLta.

Native of S.H. Europe and the East.

Nat. Ord. Matvacrm.—tTribe Matves.

Genus Attuma, Linn.; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 200.)

Auruza (Pterocarpe) ficifolia ; caule erecto simplici setis simplicibus stella-

tisque saepius reflexis hispido in racemum laxiflorum abeunte, foliis ambitu

orbicularibus profunde cordatis palmatim lobatis v. partitis viridibus

supra pilosis subtus stellatim hispidulis, lobis 5-7 ovatis v. oblongis

crenato-dentatis apicibus rotundatis, pedunculis calyce subeequilongis,

involucri calyce fere duplo brevioris lobis triangularibus, calycis lobis

triangularibus acutis, corolla ampla pallide flava, carpellis dorso cana-

liculatis rugosis marginatis v. auguste alatis hirsutis, facie glabris v.

hirtis.

A. ficifolia, Cav. Diss. vol. ii. p. 92, t. 28, f. 2; DC. Prodr. vol. i. p. 437; M. Bieb.

Fl. Taur. Cauc. vol. ii. p. 142; Ledeb. Fl. Alt. vol. iii. p. 286; Fl. Ross.

vol. i. p. 433.

A. rugosa, Alef. in Oestr. Bot. Wochen. 1862, p. 254.

A. Froloviana, Fisch. ew Ledeb. Fl. Ross. vol. i. p. 433.

Aucea ficifolia, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 687; Schkuhr Handb. t. 191; Lamk. Illustr.

¢.191; Boiss. Fl. Orient. vol. i. p. 833 ; Besser Enwm, p. 28.

A very handsome Hollyhock, long known in cultivation,

if, as is supposed, it is the Malva arborea of the Herbarium

Blackwellianum, vol. i. t. 54, which, though agreeing in

foliage and calyx, &c., has bright rose-coloured flowers.

Boissier, in the Flora Orientalis, cites Linnzeus’s Hortus

Cliffortianus, p. 348, as the authority for Alcea ficifolia,

on the authority of Linnzus himself in the first edition of

the Species Plantarum (p. 687); but it appears to me to

be impossible to say what the Alcea foliis palmatis of Hort.

Cliff. is, for Linneus cites as a synonym Malva rosea foliis

ficus of Bauhin’s Pinax, p. 313, and adds that it is hardly

distinct from A. rosea, the common Hollyhock of our

rdens. The only difference between Althaea rosea and

A. ficifolia is, the usually narrow lobing of the leaves of the

latter, and this is so variable a character that though I have

seen no specimens of the rose-flowered Hollyhock with the

June Ist, 1892.

leaves of ficifolia, the latter has sometimes the leaves as broad

and little lobed as those of A. rosea. Dr. Stapf, who knows |

both in the East, informs me that the Oriental Althwas

have been too much multiplied, and that considering that —

A. ficifolia, like rosea, is very much a plant of cultivation,

occurring in corn-fields, &c., it may well be a derivative

form of such a plant as A. rosea, or vice versa.

Asa weed of cultivation A. ficifolia extends from Persia to

Siberia, South Russia, Syria, and Egypt. Dr. Stapf thinks

its origin is most probably North-West Persia. It varies

greatly in habit and size, from a few inches to five feet high,

and in colour of flower from pale yellow to purple. The

var. glabrata of Boissier is a dwarf form, to which the names

flavo-virens and tabrisiana have been given by Boiss. and

Hohenacker.

The specimen drawn is from the Herbaceous ground of

the Royal Gardens, Kew, where it flowered last in July,

1891, and fruited in the following September.—J. D. H.

Figs. 1 and 2, Stamens; 3, ovary of the nat. size; 4, fruit of the nat. size;

5, carpel :—enlarged.

7238.

M.S.del, J.N-Fiteh, ith. . Vincent Brooks Day & Son, imp.

L. Reeve & C° London.

Tas. 7238.

ERIA MaArGINATA.

Native of Burma.

Nat. Ord. Oncuipes. Tribe EprpENDREA.

Genus Erta, Lindl.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. iii. p. 509.)

Erta (Hymeneria) marginata; caulibus coespitosis e basi tenui clavati i-

bus striatis, foliis 3-5 subterminalibus Tueati-coleags indsenlalieve asa

natis emarginatisve, pedunculis brevibus 2-floris albo-tomentosis, bracteis

magnis ovato- v. oblongo-cordatis flavis patenti-recurvis, sepalis lateralibus

lanceolatis falcatis acutis 5-nerviis petalisque lineari-oblongis obtusis

7-nerviis albis, mento rotundato, labelli recurvi pubescentis flavi rubro-

marginati lobis lateralibus rotundatis, terminale longiore rotundato, disco

tomentoso costa crassa ad basin lobi medii tumida percurso, et callis 2 inter

lobos lateralis instructo.

R. marginata, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1889, vol. i. p. 200; Hook, f. Fl. Brit.

Ind. vol. v. p. 800.

A little known plant, described originally from a solitary

specimen, believed to have been introduced from Burma.

Ag in almost every case of a species of Orchid, founded on

a single individual, subsequently procured specimens are sure

to present differences in character from what the original

ossessed. In the present case the petals are not flushed

with pink; the stem is fully eight inches high, instead of

three ; the leaves lanceolate and not linear-oblong, acumi-

nate and not obtuse, the lateral sepals are not oblong or

triangular-lanceolate, but simply lanceolate, nor are the

lateral lobes of the lip uncinate, though a little incurved.

In other respects the plant here figured agrees well with

Mr. Rolfe’s characters.

E. marginata belongs to a small group of the section

Hymenolena, with a cylindric or clavate stem, few sub-

terminal leaves, short peduncles, and large coloured bracts.

It is perhaps most nearly allied to the Khasian H. clavi-

caulis, Wall., which has a small rounded midlobe of the

lip, margined with purple ; and to the Ceylon LH. Lindley,

of which the lateral lobes of the lip reach almost the same

length as the terminal.

JuNE lst, 1892.

The specimen figured was sent by Mr. O’Brien, of

Harrow-on-the-Hill, an ardent cultivator of Orchids, in

November, 1891. It was delicately sweet scented.—

J.D. i.

Fig. 1, Column and lip; 2, lip; 3, column; 4, anther; 5 and 6, pollinia :—

all enlarged.

72939.

MS. del. JN-Fitch lith. Vincent Brooks Day & Son, Imp.

T.. Reeve 2 C® London.

Tas. 7239,

SENECIO (Kternta) cGaxprnt.

Nat. Ord. Composira.—Tribe SzNECIONIDER.

Genus Senecio, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 446.)

Senecio (Kleinia) Galpini; subfrutex erectus, carnosus, glaucus, caule

ramisque teretibus, foliis oblanceolatis acutis integerrimis basi angus-

tata semiamplexicauli, capitulis magnis homogamis basi foliis linearibus

lanceolatisve dissitis involucro brevioribus cinctis, involucri teretiusculi

bracteis ad 10apicibus liberisacutis erectis, floribuslate saturate aurantiacis

longe exsertis hemisphzrium involucro duplo latiorem efficientibus, corolle

tubo lobis linearibus obtusis dorso sub apice gibbis duplo longiore, styli

ramis elongatis appendicula oblonga terminatis, acheniis striatis,

S. Galpini, Hook. f. in Journ. of Horticulture, 1892, p. 3.

In a horticultural point of view the suppression of the

genus Kleinia of Haworth may be regrettable, but in a

botanical it has no claims upon recognition other than that

of afar from well defined section of the vast horde of

plants included under Senecio. Bentham indeed says

(Gen. Plant. 11. 450) that the Kleinias with a short broad

appendage to the style arms, show a transition to Notonia,

DC. a genus only distinguished from Senecio by this

character and the homogamous discoid head. Under this

definition S. Galpini is clearly a Notonia, where I should

probably be compelled to place it had I under review a

critical investigation of Senecionidex, and been obliged to

retain that genus. There is this, however, to be considered,

that the Notonias are Indian, and not succulent, and the

Kleinias all succulent and African. Bentham indeed

says, under Notonia, that it is hardly separable from the

section Kleinia of Senecio, and should perhaps either form a

section of that genus with those Kleinias that have similar

style arms, or a genus apart, but closely allied. He adds,

however, as a further distinction, that the corollas of

Notonia are yellow, but of most species of Kleinia white,

which again places 8S. Galpini in Notonia together with

S. fulgens.

JuNE Ist, 1892.

The species of Kleinia hitherto figured in this work are

S. (Kleima) Anteuphorbium (Tab. 6099) supposed at the

date of publication to be 8. African, but now known to be

a native of Cape Juby in N.-W. Africa, it has pale yellow

flowers ; S. (Kleinia) pteronewra (Tab. 5945) from Morocco,

with many white flowers, and S.( Kleinia) fulgens (Tab. 5590)

of Natal, the most beautiful of all known species, from the

vivid red of its flower heads. It is to the latter that

S. Galpini is most nearly allied, differing in the entire

narrower leaves, involucrate, much larger heads and colour

of the flowers. |

S. (Kleinia) Galpini was raised at the Royal Gardens

from seeds sent by E. E. Galpin, Esq., of Barbertown in

the Transvaal Republic, in May, 1890, and which were

collected on a cliff at the summit of Saddleback Mountain,

altitude five thousand feet. The plant raised flowered —

in the Succulent House in October, 1891, and the stems

died with the flowers.—J. D. H

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, hair of pappus; 3, stamens :—all enlarged.

Tas. 7240.

PORANA PpaNicuLaTa.

Native of the Hast Indies.

Nat. Ord. Convotvutacez.—Tribe ConvoLvuLEe.

Genus Porana, Burm.; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 876.)

Porana paniculata; ramulis foliis subtus inflorescentiaque pubescenti-

tomentosis, foliis ovato-cordatis acuminatis basi 7-nerviis, cymis

paniculatis multifloris subebracteatis, floribus parvis, corolla infundibalari,

stylo abbreviato, stigmate 2-lobo, calycis fructiferi segmentis 3 valde auctis

ceteris immutatis.

P. paniculata, Roxb. Cor. Pl. vol. iii. p. 31, t. 285; F%. Ind. vol. i. p. 464;

Ed. Carey & Wailich, vol. ii. p. 39; Don Prodr. Fl. Nep. p. 99; Walt.

Cat. un. 1325; Chois. Convolv. n. 107; in DC. Prodr. vol. ix. 436 ;

Brand, For. Fl. p. 342; Kurz. in Trimen Journ. Bot. 2878, 137; For.

Flor, Brit. Burm, vol. ii. p. 220; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.

vol, iii. p. 222. Dinetus paniculatus, Sweet. Hort. Brit. Ed. 2, p. 373.

This species of Porana, of which there are eight in India,

are amongst the most beautiful hedge-plants of that

country. Two of them are specially abundant, the present,

which may be met with anywhere from the base of the

Himalaya throughout its length, to Ceylon and Burma,

reappearing in Java; and P. racemosa, the “Snow

Creeper” of Anglo-Indians, which is more confined to the

Himalayan slopes, where its masses of dazziing white

flowers have been well likened by Mr. Clarke to snow

patches in the jungle. The latter is the only species which

had hitherto been figured in Europe from cultivated plants,

being the Dinetus racemosus of Sweet. Brit. Fl. Gard. t.

127. Another very beautiful species well worth cultivation

is P. grandiflora, Wall., which ascends to eight thousand

feet in the Sikkim Himalaya, and has mauve flowers an

inch long.

P. paniculata is a very tropical species, never ascending

above three thousand feet in the Himalayan hot valleys,

where it climbs trees to a height of upwards of forty feet,

sending down showers of pendulous flowering branches

from above, and it is equally abundant in low jungles and

June Ist, 1892.

on the walls of the ruinous towns of Bengal. It is one

of the smallest flowered species, and differs from its

congeners in the short style and solid stigma, which latter

though usually stated to be entire or nearly so, is strongly

2-lobed, as described by Roxburgh.

The plant from which the specimen here figured was

taken, was raised in the Cambridge University Botanical

Gardens by Mr. Lynch, A.L.S., from seeds given by Dr.

Bonavia, then of Etahwah in the North-West Provinces of

India, in 1885. The plant flowered in October, 1892, ina

stove.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, calyx laid o howi :

laid Ope an hiciaie & pen, showing the ovary; 3, tube of corolla

4, stam: ; 5 i $ _ °

ovary :—all enlarged, en; o, ovary and disk ; 6, vertical section of

7241.

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Tas. 7241.

ROSA pomirera.

Native of Europe.

Nat. Ord. Rosacez. Tribe Rosez,

Genus Rosa, Linn. (Benth. & Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 625.)

Rosa (Villosx) pomifera ; frutex erectus, ramis arcuatis, aculeis sparsis rectis

zequalibus gracilibus, foliolis subduplo longioribus quam latis copiose

duplicato-serratis tenuiter griseo-pubescentibus infra inconspicue glan-

dulosis, floribus solitariis paucisve, pedunculis brevibus dense aciculatis,

sepalis adscendentibus dorso dense glandulosis persistentibus majoribus

seepius copiose pinnatis, fructibus globosis v. pyriformibus precorcibus,

disco nullo,

R. pomifera, Hermm. Diss. Ros. p.171; Gmel. Fl. Bad. Als. vol. ii. p. 410;

Lange in Fl. Dan. vol. xvii. p. 8, t. 2907; Koch Syn. Fl. Germ. Ed. 2,

p. 253; Dumort. Ros. p. 48 ; Desegl. Monogr. Ros. p. 129; Fries Novit.

Fl. Suee. vol. ii. p. 150; Mant. vol. iii. p- 39; Boiss. Fl. Orient. vol. ii.

p. 681; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xi, p. 210; Gard. Chron. 1886,

vol. i. p. 237, fig. 45,

. villosa, Linn. Sp, Pl. p. 491, pro maxim. part. Ed. ii. p. 704; “Swartz in

Palmstr. Svensk Bot. vol. v. t. 313. Hoi oe

. villosa, Var. pomifera, Desv. Journ. Bot. vol. ii. p. 117; Redéuté Ros. vol. i.

p. I, t..67, vol.-ii. p. 40; Hartm. Handb. Skand. Fl.. p,.274; Lindl. Ros.

Monogr. p. 74; Smith Engl. Bot. t. 583, descript. non Ie. (quod R. Sabini.)

- villosa var.a pomifera, Linn. Fl. Suec. Ed. ii; Huds. Fl. Angl. Bd. 2,

p. 219; DC. Prodr. vol. ii. p. 628. oi)

. Sylvestris pomifera, Dalech. Hist. Plant. p. 127; Lobel. Stirp. Ic. vol. ii.

p. 211; Parkins. Theatr. Bot. p. 1021; Ray Cat. Pl. Angl. Ed. 1, p. 266,

. sylvestris pomifera major, Bauh. Pinaz, p. 484.

. ciliatopetala, Bess. Hn. Pl. Volhhyn, p. 66; Reichb. Fl. Germ. Excurs. vol.

ii. p. 616 (non Koch).

. resinosa, Sternd. in Reich. Fl. Germ. Excurs, vol. ii. p. 616 (non Desegl).

Great Apple Rose, Parkins. Paradis. p. 418.

=e)

mm We He

Opinions are divided as to whether this fine Rose should

be regarded as a variety of #. villosa, or the type to which

villosa is reterable, either as a synonym or as a variety

with smaller fruit. I have followed the best authorities,

amongst whom must be classed Koch, Boissier, Fries’ (in

the Novitiz) and Baker, in taking Hermann’s name, as

the oldest, and of which Fries says that it is also the most

significant. On the other hand it has been ‘doubted

JUNE Ist, 1892.

whether the large fruited state, to which alone the name

«Great Apple Rose” applies, occurs anywhere truly wild,

it having been cultivated for so long a period for the size

and fleshiness of its hips, in which respect it surpasses all

other Roses. It has even been supposed to be indigenous

in the north of England, but upon very questionable

authority ; and of the Scandinavian habitats none, perhaps,

are above suspicion, though Fries (Mantiss i. 39) con-

siders it to be undoubtedly spontaneous in the Alpine

Valley of Romsdalen, Norway. Ray, who clearly refers

to it in describing its fruit as of the size and form of a

small pear beset with spines, gives the northern parts

of York and Westmoreland as localities, but as Mr. Baker

observes, he doubtless did not distinguish R. mollissima and

tomentosa as distinct from it. Ina broad sense, as R. villosa,

it inhabits the whole of Hurope. :

As cultivated at Kew the fruits are not so large or

prickly as they are in the beautiful specimen figured, which

was sent by Mr. Burbidge, M.A. (Curator of the Botanical

Gardens, Trinity College, Dublin), from Mr. Walpole’s

garden, Mount Usher, co. Wicklow, with the information

that it was found in an old garden site in the Devil’s Glen,

co. Wicklow, some years ago, and that it there forms very

handsome glaucous leaved bushes with a sweet-briar like

scent.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Fragment of margin of leaf; 2, di ; :

—all enlarged. gin of leaf; 2, ditto of petal; 3, ovary; 4, achene

7242

Vincertt Brocks,Day & Son Imp

M. §.del, IN-Fitch lith

L Reeve &C° London .

Tas. 7242.

SYNANDROSPADIX vexrmiroxicus.

Native of Tucuman.

Nat. Ord, AnompeEa.—Tribe DisrrenpacHIER.

SyNaNDROSPADIX vermitowicus ; foliis floribus coetaneis hastato-cordatis acutis

- undulatis nervis infimis approximatis v. basi confluentibus, petiolo

canaliculato pedunculo robustiore tereti longiore, spatha late cymbiformi

basi apiceque caudato exceptis late aperto marginibus recurvis extus

sordide viridi intus pallide purpurascente lineis brevibus saturatioribus

striolata, spadice crasso spatha paullo breviore basi nuda, inflorescentia

foem. brevi spathe late adnata, inflor. masc. quam foem. pluries longiore

et crassiore cylindracea obtusa luride purpurea; fl. masc. stamini-

bus 3-5 in capitulum longe crasse stipitatum connatis rimis ex-

trorsum dehiscentibus; 2. fom. paucis sparsis superioribus interdum

hermaphroditis, staminodiis 4 ovatis obtusis carnosis interdum in

stamina totidem filamentis dilatatis evolutis, ovario }-5-loculari in stylum

gracilem stigmate pulvinari attenuato, loculis l-rarius 2-3-ovulatis,

ovulis erectis orthotropis, baccis 3—0-sulcatis et -locularibus, loculis

l-spermis, semine majusculo, testa crassiuscula, albumine copioso,

embryone recto.

S. vermitoxicus, Hngler in Bot Jahrb. vol. iv. p. 62: Ie. Arac. ined. No: 25.

Asterostigma vermitoxicum, Griseb. Pl. Lorrentz, p. 199; Symb, Fl. Argent.

282; Engler in A.DC. Monog. Phanerog. vol. ii. p. 517. ;

This noble aroid affords, according to Engler, an almost

unique instance of erroneous description; if indeed it be,

as he asserts, and I have no valid grounds for rejecting his

opinion, really the Asterostigma vermitoxicum of Grisebach.

The latter plant is described by its author as having a

deeply bipinnatifid leaf, a spathe twice as long as the spadix,

with male flowers below and female at the top, and a conical

style with radiating stigmas decurrent to its base. Of these

characters that of the bipinnatifid leaf is accounted for

by Engler, after an examination of Grisebach’s specimens,

by the leaf having been mutilated by insects, and the

reversal of the position of the male and female flowers

is, as it appears to me, explained by his having mistaken

the male flowers for the female, when the anthers

might represent the decurrent stigmas. Engler’s descrip-

tion of the plant in his Monograph of Aroids is excellent ;

it is illustrated by a lithographed drawing from a dried

JuLy 1st, 1892.

specimen, issued as one of an invaluable series of Aroid

figures distributed by that eminent botanist to all the

principal Herbaria and Botanical Libraries.

_S. vermitowicus is a native of the Eastern Andes, in the

province of Tucuman, where it inhabits hedges and shrub-

beries. It was first found by Lorrentz on road-sides near

Lules, who gives it the name of ‘“ Sacho-col,” and who

describes the tubers as attaining four pounds in weight.

Two tubers were received at Kew early in 1891, from Mr.

J. 8. Floyer, of Sherborne, St. John, Basingstoke, with the —

information that they were collected by his daughter, Mrs.

Glynne Williams, in Tucuman, and that it is there called

“Cana brabo,” ferocious cane, because the plant blisters

thehands. Of these two tubers that here figured flowered

in October of the same year, and the other in March of

this year.—J. D. H,

Fig. 1, Portion of spadix and spathe, showing the insertion of the former;

2, male #l.; 3, fem. fl. ; 4, staminode; 5, vertical section of fem. fl.; 6 and 7,

transverse section of ovaries; 8, ovule; all but fig. larged.—The leat

figured is half the natural size. CrP al a

BE ae a

MS. del J.N Fitch,hth.

L Reeve &C° London. sete

Tas. 7243.

DISA INCARNATA.

Native of Madagascar.

Nat. Ord. Orncuipe%.—Tribe Orurypies.

Genus Disa, Berg.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 630.)

Disa(Eudisa)incarnata; caulibus foliosis, foliis lineari-elongatis subtus 5-costatis,

scapo vaginato, spica subdensiflora, bracteis oblongo-lanceolatis spathaceis

ovaria zquantibus, floribus aurantiacis, sepalo dorsali erecto lateralibus

late oblongis obtusis minore medio dorso calcare laminze zquilongo tenui

instructo, petalis dimidiato-ovatis infra apicem latere interiore appendice

erecto lineari concavo instructis, labello angusto lineari deflexo sepalis

aquilongo stigmate 2-lobo, polliniarum glandulis dissitis.

D. incarnata, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 348 ; Rolfe in Gard. Chron, 1892, i. 619,

‘Fig. 88.

HapenaBia incarnata, Lyall mss., ew Lindl. 1. ¢. 328.

In his admirable work, ‘‘The Orchids of the Cape

Peninsula” (off-print from Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc., 1888),

Mr. Bolus well remarks of the genus Disa that in the

variety of its perianth it is only excelled perhaps by that

of Habenaria and Catasetum, and is scarcely equalled by

that of any other genus in the vegetable world. To this I

would add that after a careful study of a large proportion

of the species of Habenaria, including upwards of one

hundred Indian, I find their flowers to be morphologically

uniform as compared with those of Disa; nor does this

remark apply to the perianth only, it extends to the column

and its appendages, and even to the pollinia; for whereas

in Disa, the glands of the latter may be either distinct and

in separate pouches of the rostellum or connate and con-

tained in one pouch, this character actually alone sepa-

rates Habenaria from Orchis. I quite believe that had Disa

been a European genus, it would have given rise to at least

as many genera as Orchis and Habenaria have, that is about

thirty-five, instead of the five included in it by Bolus, and

upon much more marked structural characters. From

such a dismemberment Disa has been saved by its remote

JuLy Ist, 1892.

geographical position, far from the haunts of systematic

botanists, and by the sagacity of those orchidologists

(Lindley and Bolus) who have devoted themselves to its

study.

A the species here represented there is a remarkable

deviation in the structure of the petals from any other that

I find described, and that is in the erect linear concave

appendages or horns, which, arising from below their tips,

at the back of the anther, cross one another over the top of

the latter. These did not escape Lindley’s observation,

who introduces them into the specific character.

D. incarnata is a native of Madagascar, where it was

found some seventy years ago by Mr. Lyall, a correspondent

of Sir W. J. Hooker, and more recently in 1881 by

Hildebrandt, in the Ankarsatra mountains, in the centre of

a oa and at Arevommamo by G. F. Scott Elliott in

_ It was introduced into cultivation by Messrs. W. L.

Lewis and Co., of Southgate, who exhibited it at the

meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society in April last,

and: to whom the Royal Gardens, Kew, are indebted for

the specimen here figured. With regard to the coiour of

the flower, Lindley is the authority for the name incarnata,

relying on the MSS. name Habenaria incarnata of Mr.

Lyall, which was, however, attached to that collector’s

Specimens of Bonatea incarnata, and not to those of the

Disa. Hildebrandt describes the flower as cinnabar

coloured, They probably vary much.—J. D. H.

eT eee ge

Fig. 1, Dorsal

sepal; 2, fi :

4, anther and stig P ower with the se

aoe pals removed: 3, petals;

ma; 5, pollinium :—aJl enlarged. ;

7244

Vincent Brooks, Day&Son, Imp.

MS del, JN Fitch lith

L. Reeve & C2 London

Tap. 7244.

GYNURA sarMeENTOsA.

Native of the Malayan Peninsula and Islands.

Nat. Ord. Composira.—Tribe SENECIONIDER.

Genus Gynvura, Cass.; (Benth. et Hook. F. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 445.)

GyNnuRa sarmentosa; fere glaberrima, caule tenni ramoso estriato laxe volubili

scandente unacum panicule ramis involucroque parpureis, foliis

petiolatis v. supremis sessilibus ovatis elliptico-ovatis lanceolatisve

integerrimis remote denticulatis v. sinuato-dentatis, capitulis laxe pani-

culatis ramis pedicellisque gracillimis, involucro anguste cylindraceo

glabro bracteis externis ad 8 squalibus circumdato, bracteolis paucis

linearibus, antheris basi rotundatis, styli ramis‘elongatis recurvis apicibus

subulatis hispidis, acheniis glaberrimis multi-costatis.

G. sarmentosa DC. Prodr. vol. vi. p. 298; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. iii.

p. 335.

G. Finlaysoniana, DC. 1. c. 299; Deless. Ic. Select. vol. iv. t. 55.

Cacauta cylindriflora, reclinata et Finlaysoniana, Wall. Cat. n. 3150, 3151,

3162.

Soncuvs volubilis, Rumph Herb. Amb. vol. v. t. 103, f. 2.

? ©. reclinata, Rowd. Fl. Ind. iii. 412.

A very elegant climber, with richly coloured stem

branches and involucres, but, from its lax habit of growth,

not likely to become a horticultural favourite, except in

tropical gardens where space is at its disposal. It is a

common plant in the Malayan Peninsula and Islands,

extending to the Moluccas and Philippines, and is quite

the most graceful member of the rather coarse genus to

which it belongs, and of which G. bicolor figured at

Tab. 5123 is a better representative. Altogether about

twenty species of the genus are known, all tropical Asiatic

and African, with one Australian.

G. sarmentosa was received at Kew from the Botanical

Gardens of Singapore in 1891, under the name of G.

aurantiaca, DC. (Cacalia aurantiaca, Blume), a Javan species

JULY Ist, 1892.

with a scabrid stem and deeply irregularly toothed leaves *

bearing bulbous based bristles, of which’ the upper have

dilated amplexicaul bases. It flowered in a stove in the

Royal Gardens, Kew, in April of the present year, not

having as yet assumed its climbing habit.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, hair of pappus; 3, stamens :—all en/arged.

7245,

Vincent Brooks, Day &Son,imp_

MS del, JN Fitch hth.

Tas. 7245.

MASDEVALLIA LEontToOGLOsSA.

Native of New Grenada,

Nat. Ord. OrncuipEs. Tribe Errpenprea.

Genus Maspevatiia; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. iii. p. 492.)

Maspevattia Jeontoglossa ; coespitosa, foliis breviter petiolatis crasse coriaceis

lanceolatis apicibus acutis recurvis basi angustatis dorso costatis

fusco-rubris marginibus recurvis, pedunculis radicalibus 1-floris brevibus

crassis sigmoideo-recurvis basi breviter vaginatis, floribus magnis decurvis,

bracteis spathaceis ovario brevioribus, sepalis lanceolatis longe acumi-

natis coriaceis basi in saccum costatum postice gibbum (lateralibus

altius) connatis extus pedunculoque viridibus rubro-purpureo punctatis,

intus rufo-purpureis plagis saturatioribus maculatis, Ndea: recurvo,

petalis pallidis oblongo-lanceolatis acutis margine antico gibbis, labello

oblongo obtuso supra saturate purpureo apicem versus scabrido.

M. leontoglossa, Reichb, f. in Bonplandia, vol. iii. (1855), p. 69; in Gard.

Chron. 1881, i. 234.

The genus Masdevallia is now swollen to indeterminable

dimensions by the multiplication of supposed specific forms,

many of them almost undistinguishable, round several

well-marked types. These await a master hand in

Orchidology to reduce them within definable specific

limits. Of such types one of the oldest is that represented

by M. coriacea, published in 1845 by Lindley in the

* Annals and Magazine of Natural History” (vol. xii.

p- 257), from specimens brought by Hartweg from Bogota,

and which has been figured from native specimens by

Karsten in the “ Flora of Colombia,” and by Mr. Rolfe in

*‘Lindenia” (vol. vii. t. 295). According to Karsten’s

figure and that in Lindenia, M. coriacea differs conspicuously

from leontoglossa in the tall erect strict scapes, and this is

confirmed by native specimens; but the plate in “ Lindenia”

shows much shorter and stouter scapes than that in

the Flora of Colombia. Other characters of M. leonto-

glossa are the longer tails to the sepals, especially that

of the dorsal, the colour of the flowers, and the

tendency to a dark purple epidermal covering of the leaves

JuLty Isr, 1892,

beneath. On the other hand the petals of leontoglossa

appear to be identical with those of coriacea, as is the lip,

and especially as regards its scabrid distal end, which

suggests the name of Lion’s tongue.

M. odontoglossa is a native of the mountains of New

Grenada (alias the United States of Colombia), which

separate that kingdom from Venezuela.

The plant figured was presented to the Royal Gardens by

F. Wigan, Esq., of Clare Lodge, East Sheen, the possessor

of the best collection of Phalenopsis near London.—

Ae 2 ae 5B

Fig. 1, Petals, lip, and column; 2, petal; 3, lip; 4, column; 5 anther;

6, pollinia -—all enlarged,

7246.

MS del, JN Fitch, lith, Vincent Brooks Day &Son,imp.

L.Reeve & C9 London.

Tas. 7246.

PRIMULA Forpestr.

Native of China.

Nat. Ord. Primutacez. Tribe Paiute.

Genus Primuta, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f, Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 631.)

Primvta Forbesii ; annua, gracilis, pilosa, foliis longe petiolatis ovato-cordatis

obtusis margine irregulariter lobulatis crenato-dentatisque, inter nervos

utrinque coste 3-4 convexis, scapo gracili puberulo superne et inflores-

centia farinaceis, floribus longe pedicellatis roseis in verticillos 2 remotos

paucifloros dispositis, bracteis parvis verticillatis pedicellis multoties

brevioribus, calycis infundibularis farinacei lobis ovatis subacutis, corollze

hypocrateriformis tubo angusto calyce paullo longiore lobis patentibus

Shoedatis, ore obtuse 5-dentato dentibus inflexis, antheris sessilibus

brevibus, ovario globoso, stylo gracili, stigmate capitellato.

P. Forbesii, Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, vol. xxxiii. (1886), p. 64; Pax

: Monogr. Prim. in Engler Bot. Jahrb. vol. x. p. 171; Forbes & Hemsl. in

Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xxvi. p. 38; Collett & Hemsley, 1.c. vol. xxviii.

p. 81.

Primula Forbesii is one of the only two known species of

the genus which are strictly annual, in so far as that they die

after first flowering, though they may perhaps moreaccurately

be designated as monocarpic, if, as is probable, they form

seedling plants the first year and flower and die in the

following. Upon this character M. Franchet has founded

the section Monocarpice to include P. Forbesii, and the

allied Chinese species, P. malacoides, adding that it forms

the transition between Primula and Androsace.

P. Forbesii adds another to the long list of Primulas

lately discovered in the mountain districts of the interior

of China. It was first found by the French missionary

Delavay, in marshy ground near Tali in Yunnan; and

latterly by General Sir H. Collett, K.C.B., F.L.8., in great

abundance on the hills of the Shan States in Hastern

Burma, at elevations of three thousand feet, which thus

brings it into the limits of the British Indian Flora.

The specimen here figured was exhibited at a meeting

Juty Ist, 1892.

of the Royal Horticultural Society of London, in December,

1891, by M. Vilmorin, of Paris, who afterwards presented

it to Kew. It flowered beautifully in the Alpine House of

the Royal Gardens in March and April of the present

year.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Calyx; 2, portion of corolla laid open, showing the inflexed teeth at

the mouth of the tube and stamens ; 3, ovary :—all enlarged.

7247.

M.S dei, JN Fitch bith

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

L Reeve & C® London

Tas. 7247.

BOMAREA rronpea.

Native of the Columbian Andes,

Nat. Ord. AMaRYLLIpES. Tribe ALSTROMERIER.

‘Genus Bomarga, Mirbel ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 736.)

Bomarea frondea ; caule elongato sarmentoso pubescente, foliis patulis laxe

dispositis lanceolatis vel oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis dorso pubescenti-

bus, umbellis simplicibus densis multifloris, bracteis parvis ovatis, pedi-

cellis pubescentibus flore brevioribus, perianthii anguste infundibulari

splendide luteo segmentis inaquilongis, exterioribus oblanceolato-

oblongis immaculatis dorso rubro-brunneo tinctis, interioribus longioribus

intus rubro-brunneo punctatis apice latis truncatis minute cuspidatis in

unguem sensim attenuatis, genitalibus perianthio subquilongis.

B. frondea, Masters in Gard. Chron. n.s. vol. xvi. p. 669, fig. 102; Baker

Handb. Amaryl. p. 157.

The present is one of the finest of all the species of this

Jarge genus that have been introduced into cultivation.

Eighty species are now known, which fall into two main

groups as regards inflorescence, one of which has simple and

the other compound umbels; and two groups as regards

the structure of the perianth, in one of which the segments

of the inner row scarcely exceed those of the outer row in

length, and the other in which they are decidedly longer. _

Our present plant has simple umbels and unequal perianth-

segments. Its nearest ally amongst the plants previously

known in cultivation is B. Caldasiana, Herb. (Alstromeria

Caldasii, Bot. Mag. t. 5442). Like that species it has the

valuable habit of remaining in flower for many months at a

time, the stems sending out successive clusters of flowers.

It inhabits the woods of the western slopes of the Andes

of Columbia at an altitude of from six thousand to ten

thousand feet above sea-level. It has been collected in a

wild state by Holton, Schlim, Triana and Lehmann, and

was introduced into cultivation by Messrs. Shuttleworth

and Carder in 1882. Our drawing was made from a plant

which they presented to the Royal Gardens, which was in

Aveust Ist, 1892.

flower for many months on the rafters of the Cactus-house

last winter. - ce

Descr. Stem wide-climbing, moderately stout, terete,

pubescent. Leaves laxly disposed, spreading, lanceolate

or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, moderately firm, pubescent

beneath, reaching a length of half a foot, resupinate at

the base. Umbel dense, simple, many-flowered, half a

foot in diameter; bracts small, ovate ; pedicels pubescent,

an inch or an inch and a half long. Perianth narrowly

funnel-shaped, bright yellow ; outer segments oblanceolate-

oblong, obtuse, an inch and a half long, unspotted, more

or less tinged with red-brown on the back ; inner segments

half an inch longer, bright yellow with minute spots on

the face, with a broad truncate apex, with a small cusp in

the middle, narrowed gradually into a slender claw.

Stamens nearly as long as the inner segments of the peri-

anth ; anthers, oblong, small. Style slender, with three

spreading cusps at the stigmatose tip.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Front view of anther; 2, back view of anther; 3, pistil :—all

enlarged.

7248.

M.S.del, J.N.Fitch hth. Vincent Brooks,Day &Son Imp :

LReeve & CP London

Tan. 7248.

CAPPARIS Frexvosa.

Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. CapparipEm. Tribe CapPparEs. :

Genus Capparis, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 108.)

Capparis (Capparidastrum) flexuosa ; fructiosa, glaberrima, inermis, foliis per

intervalla aggregatis petiolatis eglandulosis oblongis v. oblongo-lanceolatis

obtuse acuminatis basi rotundatis, supra nitidis nervis arcnatis impressis,

subtus pallidioribus, stipulis minutis caducis, pedunculis elongatis pauci-

bracteolatis puberulis, corymbis terminalibus multifloris, bracteis deci-

duis minutis, alabastris subglobosis, sepalis brevibus inzequalibus

oblongis obtusis puberulis marginibus erosulis, petalis albis orbiculari-

bus revolutis, staminibus numeiosis patulis petalis multoties longioribus,

toro brevi, gynophoro gracili staminibus multo breviore, bacca oblongo-

cylindracea torulosa bivalvi.

C. flexuosa, Vellos. Fl. Flum. vol. v. t. 108; Hichler. in Mart. Fl. Bras.

v. xiii. part i. p. 280; Walp. Rep. Bot. vol.i. p. 200; Ann. Bot. vol. iv.

p. 225; Lemaire, Jard. Fleur, vol. iii. t. 323,

A native of the province of Rio de Janeiro, first made

known through a plate in the extraordinary work of J.

Velloso de Miranda, entitled ‘‘ Flora Fluminensis,” which

consists of eleven large folio volumes, containing 1676 rude

uncoloured lithographed plates of Rio plants, published in

Paris in 1827, the curious history of which is given by

Von Martius in the German “ Flora,” for 1887, Beibl.

vol. ii. p. 9—13. The fate of the larger number of copies,

which were stored in Rio de Janeiro, is noteworthy ; they

are reported to have been used as wadding for guns during

the revolutionary war of 1820.

C. flecuosa is rather a curious than a beautiful plant,

but has its value in the delicious fragrance of the flowers,

the stamens of which expand suddenly and rapidly assume

their great length, separating and forcing back the con-

volute petals, which at once become revolute. The small

oblong sepals are unusual in the order, and opposed to

the sectional character of Cupparidastrum, in which they

should be more orbicular, ‘The species has been placed

Aucust Ist, 1892.

by some authors in Sect. Cynophalla, but in that the sepals

are still broader, and broadly imbricate in two series.

_ The introducer of C. flexuosa into cultivation was a M.

Miiser, who sent it in 1850 to M. de Jonghi, of Brussels.

The specimen here figured was procured from the Royal

Botanical Garden of Brussels in 1888, and flowered in a

Stove of the Royal Garden, Kew, in April of the present

year.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower bud ; 2, corolla, torus, gymphose and ovary ; 3 and 4, anthers;

5, transverse section of ovary :—all enlarged.

i pe PNP Ea a Seen SOE

Tan. 7249.

PASITHEA camru.ra.

Native of Chili.

Nat. Ord. Liniacrm.—Tribe ASPHODELE.

Genus PasituEa, D. Don ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 791.)

Gen. Char. (Emend.) Perianthii patuli segmenta post anthesis contorta;

tubus brevissimus, ovario adnatus. Sepa/a oblonga, obtusa, medio tenuiter

5-nervia. Petala paullo majora, nervis 3 crassis percursa. Stamina

6, perigyna, alterna breviora, suberecta, filamentis basi incrassatis et

puberulis; anthere oblong, versatiles. Ovariuwm semisuperum, globo-

sum, 3-loculare; stylus gracilis, staminibus longior, inclinatus, stigmati-

bus 3 brevibus apice stigmatosis ; ovula in loculis 4, superposita. Capsula

globosa, membranacea, sub 3-loba, loculicide 3-valvis. Semina loculis

subsolitaria, subglobosa, testa crustacea nitida atra, albumine carnoso.— —

Herba perennis, scapigera, elata, glaberrima, rhizomate brevi fibris vestito,

Folia anguste linearia, graminea, attenuato-acuminata, basi vaginata,

vaginis distichis, costa valida carinata, nervis tenuissimis. Scapus

gracilis; panicula erecta, laxe ramosa, ramis gracilibus, erecto-patentibus,

apices versus floriferis ; bractewe subulate. Flores crulet, 1-poll. diam.

breviter gracile pedicellatt. Capsula parva,

Pasithea cxerulea, D. Don in Edinb. New Phil. Journ. vol. xiii. (1832) p. 237;

Kunth Enum. Pl. vol. iv. p. 635; C. Gay Fl. Chil. vol. vi. p. 1383; Baker

in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xiti. p. 320.

AntTHERICUM ceruleum, Ruiz & Pav. Fl. Peruv. vol. iii. p. 67, t. 299.

PHaLaNeium ceruleum, Pers. Syn. vol. i. p. 368.

Srypanpra ? cerulea, R. Br. Prodr. p. 279; Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy.

49.

Cyanetta Illus, Molina, Sag. Chil. Bd. 2, p. 130 (Ed. 1, 1782).

BerMuprana ceerulea, Phalangii ramosi facie, Fewillée Journ. Obs. Phys.

&c., vol. ii. p. 715, t. 8 (1714).

satiety

I have given above a full generic description of this

beautiful plant, those hitherto published being more or less

deficient or inaccurate, especially as regards the stamens, the

filaments of three of which are very much shorter than the

others; and the ovary, which is described in the ‘‘ Genera

Plantarum” as small in a concave torus, is really adnate

to the perianth-tube for half its length, as described by

Endlicher and others.

P. cerulea was discovered and described by Feuillée, a

Franciscan friar, mathematician and botanist, born at

Mane, in Provence, in 1660, who was commissioned to

Avaust Ist, 1892.

travel in South America for scientific purposes by Lonis

XIV. He published in 1714 the account of his travels

and discoveries, calling himself “ R. P. Feuillée, Religieux

minime, Mathematicien, Botaniste de sa Majesté.’’ His

description of the plant is a short one, but the figure is

good, and he gives it the native name of “ Illus,’”’ adding

that it inhabits the mountains of Chili in “latitude 37°

from the South Pole.” Feuillée first visited the West

Indies, and then went down the Western Coast of South

America, travelling in Peru and Chili, where he discovered

Datura arborea. On his return to France he was liberally

pensioned by the King, who built an Observatory for him

in Marseilles, where, worn out by his labours, he died in

1742. He is said to have been a man of modest, simple

character, as becomes an ecclesiastic and true philosopher.

His original drawings, many of which are unpublished,

are preserved in the Bibliothéque Nationale in Paris.

Since its discovery P. cxrulea has been collected by

many travellers, one of whom, Bridges, states that it is

called by the Chilians, “Espuela de Galun,” the gallant’s

spur, but does not account for the name. Ruiz and Payvon

gave it, the vernacular name of “ For de Cuentas,’”’ and

state that the root smells like that of Iris florentina. Ac-

cording to Molina the “bulbs” are excellent food, boiled

or roasted, and make a pleasant soup. The specimen here

figured was received from Herr Max Leichtlin in 1889, and

flowered in the Succulent House of the Royal Gardens,

Kew, in April of the present year.—J. D. H.

aoe ue Pbk with their perianth segments removed; 2, ovary and bas

y*s %, immature capsule with one valve removed :—all enlarged.

72350.

A L)

M.S.del, JN Fitch ith.

Tap; 7250.

FURCRAIA PUBESCENS.

Native of Mexico.

Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDEH.—Tribe AGAVE.

Genus Furcrma, Bent.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 739.)

Furcr#a pubescens; acaulis, foliis 12-20 valde recurvatis lanceolatis coria-

ceis glabris viridibus leviter undulatis, spina terminali vix pungente,

aculeis marginalibus deltodeis parvis, pedunculo stricto gracili elongato,

floribus in paniculam laxam rhomboideam dispositis bulbillis copiosis

intermixtis, pedicellis brevissimis, bracteis deltoideis parvis, ovario viridi

pubescente, perianthii segmentis oblongis extus puberulis viridi tinctis,

genitalibus segmentis brevioribus.

F. pubescens, Baker Handb, Amaryll. p. 201.

Fourcroya pubescens, Todaro Sopra Nuov. sp. Fourcroya, Palermo 1879,

pp. 14, with 3 figures.

These Furcrzas have excited a great deal of attention

lately as fibre-yielding plants. It is quite evident that the

species which is best worth cultivating for economic pur-

poses is I’. gigantea (Bot. Mag. tab. 2250). In the

present plant the leaves are much shorter and the texture

is not nearly so firm. One great difficulty in describing

and ascertaining the limits of the species arises from their

putting on such a different character when they are

cultivated in English conservatories, and when they are

grown in the open, either in their native home in America,

or in gardens on the shores of the Mediterranean. Last

November and December I paid a visit to the Riviera to

study in their full development the species which are

grown in Mr. Thomas Hanbury’s garden at La Mortola, in

the Jardin d’Acclimatation at Hyéres, and in the other

gardens in that region. A full report on this subject will

be found in the number for January, 1892, of the Kew

Bulletin.

Our plate of the present plant looks very different

as regards luxuriance of growth from that of Todaro,

and yet no doubt they both represent forms of the same

species. It was first flowered in the Botanic Garden

Aveust Ist, 1892.

at Palermo in the year 1877, and as it produces copious

bulbille, is easily propagated. The Kew plant, from

which the drawing was made, and from which my descrip-

tion is entirely drawn up, was received from St. Peters-

burg in 1887, and flowered for the first time in the

Cactus-house at Kew in November, 1891.

Desor. Acaulescent. Leaves a dozen or more in a

rosette, lanceolate, much recurved, coriaceous but not

rigid, rather wavy, about a foot long, two inches or two

inches and a half broad at the middle, bright green and

smooth on both sides, scarcely pungent at the tip, margined

with small deltoid prickles. Peduncle straight, wandlike,

three or four feet long, bearing only three or four small

ovate bract leaves. Panicle rhomboid, shorter than the

peduncle; branches erecto-patent, the lower under a foot

long ; each node bearing usually a single drooping flower

and a bulblet ; pedicels very short; bracts deltoid, very

small. Ovary cylindrical, green, densely pubescent, an

inch long. Perianth segments oblong, above an inch

long, the three outer broader than the three inner, pubes-

cent and tinged with“green on the outside. Stamens

shorter than the segments of the perianth; filament much

swollen at the middle.’ Style dilated and deeply three-

lobed below the middle, overtopping the anthers.—J. G.

Baker,

Fig. 1, A single stamen ; j es

heducnd, gic 8 sew 2, style; both enlarged’; 3, whole plant, much

Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp.

M.S.del, J.N-Fitch,lith

Taz. 7251.

IRIS Lorre.

Native of Syria.

Nat. Ord. Intppa.—Tribe Moramem,

Genus Iris, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 686.)

Iris (Oncoycius), Lortetii; rhizomate brevi crasso, foliis radicalibus 4-5

ensiformibus falcatis glaucscentibus, caule brevi unifloro, spathe valvis

magnis ventricosis pallide viridibus, pedicello brevi, ovario cylindrico-

trigono, perianthii tubo cylindrico ovario squilongo, segmentis exteriori-

bus reflexis obovatis pallide albo-lilacinis punctis minutis rubro-brunneis

decoratis, ore atro-brunneo, ungue pilis glanduliferis conspersis brunneis

proedito, segmentis interioribus incurvatis orbicularibus distincte ungui-

culatis pallide lilacinis immaculatis, styli ramis latis dorso convexis ~

cristis magnis quadratis.

I. Lortetii, Barbey in Boiss. FI. Orient. vol. v. p. 181; Herbar. Levant. t. 7.

This section Oncocyclus of the genus Iris has received

great attention of late years, and now we are acquainted

with a dozen distinct species. It belongs entirely to the

hot arid regions of Western Asia and the species therefore

require special care in an English garden. Professor

Foster dealt fully with this question in a lecture which he

delivered during the present summer, which will be pub-

lished shortly in extenso in the Journal of the Royal

Horticultural Society. The present plant occupies an

intermediate position between /. susiana and I. iberica, both

of which have been figured in the Botanical Magazine, the

former on tab. 91 and the latter on tab. 5847. It was

first found by Dr. Lortet, after whom it is named, about

the year 1880, in dry thickets on the slope of the southern

part of the Lebanon range, at an elevation of about two

thousand feet above sea-level. Our drawing was made

from a plant flowered last May by H. J. Elwes, Esq.,

F.L.S., of Colesborn, Andoversford, Gloucestershire. We

have it at Kew and it is doing well.

Dzsor. Rootstock stout, short-creeping. Leaves four or

five in a basal tuft, ensiform, weak, glaucous, falcate,

under a foot long at the flowering time. Stem one-flowered

Aveust Ist, 1892.

about as long as the leaves. Spathe very ventricose, three

or four inches long; outer valves lanceolate, pale green ;

pedicel short. Ovary cylindrical-trigonous, an inch long.

Perianth tube cylindrical, about as long as the ovary;

limb three or four inches long; outer segments obovate,

much reflexed, two inches broad, pale grey lilac with

darker stripes, copious minute red-brown dots, a dark

red-brown throat and a broad claw below it with scattered

gland-tipped brown hairs; inner segments incurved,

orbicular, three inches broad, narrowed suddenly to a

distinct claw, plain pale lilac. Style branches above an

inch long, convex on the back; crests large, quadrate.

Anther pale yellow, linear, about as long as the flattened

‘brown filament.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Anther; 2, apex of style-branch, with crests :—both enlarged.

Vincent Brooks Day &Sonimp.

M.S del, JN Bitch lith

L. Reeve & C2 London.

Tap. 7202.

NICOTIANA tomentosa.

- Native of Peru.

Nat. Ord. Sonanacrx.—Tribe CrstrInEa.

Genus Nicotiana, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 907.)

Nicotiana (Lehmannia) tomentosa; elata, ramosa, glanduloso-pubescens;

foliis amplis obovato-oblongis acuminatis in petiolum latum basi

amplexicaulem attenuatis, floribus in paniculas amplas laxe ramosas

dispositis, calycis tubo terete cylindraceo lobis subulatis obtusis, corolla

basi tubulosa superne oblique gibboso-campanulata, lobis ovatis obtusis

patentibns, staminibus longe exsertis, ovario glaberrimo, stigmate 2-lobo.

N. tomentosa, Ruiz & Pav, Fl. Peruv, et Chil. vol. ii. p. 16, t. 129, f. a.

Leumannra tomentosa, Spreng. Anleit. zur Kentn. Gew. ed. ii. 1817,

458 ; Don. Gen. Syst. 467; Dunal in DC. Prod. vol. xiii. pt. i. p. 572.

N. colossea, FH. André in Rev. Hortic. 1888, p. 511, and 1891, p. 75 and 290;

F. Abel in Wiener Illustr. Gartenz. 1890, p. 72 and 472, fig. 92; Godefroy

Lebeuf in Le Jardin, 1889, p. 274, cum Ic.; Gard. Chron. 1891, vol. 1.

p. 84, f. 25.

The history of the introduction of this giant Nicotiana

is, as given by M. André in the Revue Horticole, as follows.

‘In the first rank amongst new foliage plants exhibited

at the Trocadéro in 1889, must be placed N. colossea.

Its history is sufficiently remarkable. Some years ago I

sold to Madame D. de Saint-Germain-les-Corbells some

fine plants of Brazilian Orchids. The gardener, M.

Mason, one of the most able cultivators that I am

acquainted with, took the precaution of placing in the

propagation house the detritus and dust removed from

them during the cleaning of specimens. From this he

raised various plants, and amongst others Nicotiana

colossea.”

In an article in the Le Jardin, from the pen of M.

Godefroy Lebceuf, the plant has in France attained the

stature of ten feet, and its leaves of three feet three inches

and a breadth of twenty. The latter are described as

being of a violet red colour when young, passing eventu-

SerremBenr Ist, 1892,

ally into a deep polished green. Unlike all other Nico-

tianas in cultivation this does not flower in the open air,

and it is multiplied by cuttings.

I have no hesitation in referring N. colossea to Ruiz and

Pavon’s Nicotiana tomentosa, poorly figured in their great

work, but of which there are excellent specimens in the

Kew Herbarium, sent to Sir W. Hooker by Mr. Matthews,

as a large shrub growing in the Quebrader of Paria

Mianea in Peru; again from Yucca in Bolivia, Lat. 13°

S., by Mr. Pentland; and by Lobb from New Grenada.

It has also been collected by Mandon in the Bolivian

Andes (No. 448), who describes it as occurring every-

where in hedges near Sorata, at an elevation of eight

thousand five hundred to nine thousand five hundred feet

above the sea. N. tomentosa has been erected into a genus

(Lehmannia) on account of the form of the corolla, which

however does not materially differ from that of Nicotiana,

in which it must remain.

The plant here figured was obtained from M. Godefroy

- Leboeut in 1889, and was planted out in the central bed

of the Conservatory (No. 4) of the Royal Gardens, Kew,

where it rapidly reached the roof (ten feet), and had to

be topped, which no doubt accounts for its bushy habit as

represented in the reduced figure in the plate. It flowered

m April of the present year.

Dzscr. A majestic herb, attaining ten feet in height,

branched diffusely from the base upwards, viscidly glandular-

pubescent; branches terete, ascending, leafy. Leaves ten

to eighteen inches long, by four to six broad in the speci-

men figured, obovate-oblong, acuminate, narrowed into a

very broad undulately winged petiole with an amplexicaul

base, pale green above, paler beneath with stout midrib

and principal nerves and reticulate nervules. Panicles

terminal, a foot long and broad; branches slender terete

green ascending, lax-flowered, tubercled at the articulation

of the pedicels ; bracts narrow, caducous; pedicels half to

two-thirds inch long. Flowers inclined, one and a half

inches long. Calyzx broadly terete, half inch long, smooth,

ee: base rounded; lobes unequal, narrow, obtuse,

shorter than the tube. Corolla slightly ineurved, pale

“Dae and pubescent externally; tubular portion rather

onger than the calyx lobes ; lobes ovate, obtuse, spreading,

about as long as the inflated portion yellowish flushed

with red within. Stamens suberect, twice as long as the

corolla lobes, filaments yellow, anthers linear-oblong.

Ovary conical, glabrous, style longer than the stamens,

reddish ; stigma oblique, two-lobed.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Calyx and style; 2, portion of corolla and stamens; 3, ovary;

4, transverse section of the same :—all enlarged.

7253,

itis cage

—_ je

STARA TK

“Vincent Brocks Day &Son imp

MS del, J NFitaith.

Tas. F258.

TULIPA Bruvrerrana.

Native of Savoy.

Nat. Ord. Littacr®.—Tribe Tuirex.

Genus Tuttra, Linn. ; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 818.)

Tutrea Billietiana ; bulbo ovoideo tunicis exterioribus brunneis intus parce

adpresse strigosis, foliis subglaucis undulatis glabris hand ciliatis, inferiori

oblongo-lanceolato, pedunculo elongato glabro, perianthio campanulato

magno citrino segmentis exterioribus acutis interioribus obtusis, antheris

nigris, filamentis basi glabris, stigmatibus magnis. :

T. Billietiana, Jord. et Four. Icones, p. 8, t. 18.

T. Didieri var. Billietiana, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xiv. p. 283.

The Didieri group of Tulips are allied to the Gesneriane

in stature, in the size of the flower and in the glabrous

leaves and peduncles, but they differ by having the three

outer segments of the perianth subacute. There are four

principal forms, Didiert, mauriana, planifoliaand Billietiana,

which differ from one another principally in the colour of

the flower. They flower a little earlier than the Gesneriane

and are found wild in the neighbourhood of St. Jean de

Maurienne in Upper Savoy, whence we received a supply

of bulbs at Kew in 1889. These at first produced a fine

yellow flower, but next year it was tinged with red. Our

plate was drawn from a plant that flowered at Kew in the

last week of May, 1891. We have received from Mr. H. J.

Elwes a form with a black spot at the base of the perianth-

segments and black instead of yellow filaments.

Descr. Bulb ovoid, bearing many accessory bulbs; outer

tunics brown, with only a few adpressed hairs inside.

Leaves four, subglaucous, much undulated, not hairy on

the surface nor ciliated on the edge, the lower one oblong-

lanceolate, six or eight inches long, the others smaller.

Pedunele long, glabrous, erect. Perianth campanulate,

above two inches long; segments pure bright lemon-yellow,

SEPTEMBER Ist, 1892,

the three outer subacute, the three inner obtuse. Stamens

under an inch long; filaments linear, yellow, glabrous at

the base; anthers black, linear. Ovary as long as the

anthers ; stigmas very large.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, A flower with the perianth-segments taken away :—enlarged.

“

maby -

Vincent Brooks Day&Sonimp —

TAB 7264.

‘ STEMONA Cortisi.

Native of Penang.

Nat. Ord. RoxpurGcHiaces,

Genus Stemona, Lour.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 747.)

Stemona Curtisii; caule gracili volubili, foliis alternis ovatis caudato-

acuminatis profunde cordatis 9-1l-nerviis, pedunculis axillaribus pauci-

floris, perianthii foliolis 1 poll. longis roseis, antheris flavis, appendice

loculis subeequilongo obtuso intus lamellato.

8. Curtisii, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. vi. p. 298.

A very interesting plant, as belonging to a most peculiar

group of petaloid monocotyledons that has been regarded

as an Order distinct from Liliacex, but the genera of which

may more properly be regarded as forming two distinct

sections of that great family, so much do its members differ

from one another, whilst agreeing in most others with the

Liliacee. Of this order, Roxburghiacer, the type is

Stemona tuberosa, Lour., better known as the Koxburghia

gloriosoides of Sir W. Jones (in Roxburgh’s Coromandel

Plants, t. 32), and well figured on Plate 1500 of this

magazine as Roxburghia Gloriosa, Pers. It is a widely

distributed species in Eastern Bengal, Assam, the Khasia

Hills, and the Deccan Peninsula, extending into Siam and

China. It differs conspicuously from S. Curtisii in its

much larger always opposite leaves, greenish flowers one

and a half to two inches long, and in the appendages of

the anthers being yellow-green, elongate-subulate, and

almost twice as long as the scarlet cells. No other species

of the genus was known till the late Mr. Kurz, an Assistant

in the Calcutta Botanical Garden, published his S. Grif-

jithiana, a Burmese species, with an erect stem, flowering

before leafing. ‘To these has within the last few weeks

been added in the recently published Part xviii. of the

Flora of British India, two other species, S. mnor,

Hook. f., a native of Malabar and Ceylon, resembling a

small state of S. tuberosa, but with alternate leaves, and

Srrrember Ist, 1892.

S. Curtisti, the subject of the present plate. I cannot

recall any Liliaceous genus in which the stem is erect in |

one species and scandent in others, the leaves opposite in |

some and alternate in others, and with the flowers appear-

ing with the leaves in their axils in most of the species,

but in one appearing on leafless stems; nevertheless, the

above named plants are undoubtedly congenerics. When |

describing S. Curtisii for the Flora of British India, Tfound |

the only three flowers available for analysis to be unisexual,)

but as both ovary and stamens are formed in the flower of}

the Kew individual, the plant is probably polygamous.

The only other genera of the group Roxrburghiacex are

Croomia, Torr. and Gr. of Florida and Japan, and my

Stichoneuron, a plant of the Khasia Hills; both resemble

Stemona in the consistence and nervation of the leaves,

but differ wholly in their minute flowers with simple oblong

or didymous anthers, without appendages, and in the more

important character of the ovules being pendulous from

the top of the cell of the ovary. These differences suggest

that Roxburghiacee should be broken up into two tribes of

one Order, or perhaps better form two tribes of Liliacee,

probably to be placed near Uvulariee or Medeolex, but

differing from both in the introrse dehiscence of the anthers.

S. Curtisii was discovered by Mr. Curtis, Superinten-

dent of the Penang Garden, where it grows near the

Waterfall. He sent Herbarium specimens to Kew in 1888,

but the plant figured was received from the Botanical —

Garden of Singapore in July, 1891. Iam not informed as —

to whether it is a native of the Malayan Peninsula. It —

was received at Kew in July, 1890, and flowered in a stove —

in April of the present year.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower with the perianth removed; 2, stamens seen in front; a

3, ovary; 4, transverse; and 5, longitudinal section of the same :—@

enlarged. : :

Tas. 7255.

VERNONIA popocoma.

Native of Africa.

Nat. Ord. Composita. Tribe VERNONIEA.

Genus Vernonia, Schreb. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 227.)

Vernonts (Strobocalyx) podocoma ; fruticosa, ramulis teretibus striatis, foliis

magnis petiolatis elliptico-ovatis acutis integris v. sublobatis argute

dentatis supra glabrescentibus subtus pubescentibus v. incano-tomentosis,

paniculis amplis polycephalis, capitulis parvis fasciculatis breviter-pedi-

cellatis 4-5-floris. involucri cylindracei pubescentis bracteis ovato-

rotundatis viridibus arcte imbricatis interioribus patentibus demum e:ducis,

receptaculo augusto, corolle tubo longe exserto, antheris basi breviter

cordatis, connectivo apice ovato, achzenio piloso, pappi scabridi setis

* extimis brevioribus.

V. podocoma, Schultz Bip. in Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Athiop., Aufzaehl. p. 287,

n. 2660, nomen.; Oliver Fl. Trop. Afric. vol. iii. p. 296.

V. cylindrica, A. Rich. Fl. Abyss. Tent. vol. i. p. 374 (non Schultz Bip., fide

Vatke in Linnea, vol. xxxix. (1875) p. 476. :

Although this plant forms a poor subject for a botanical

plate, it is a very effective one in a warm temperate house,

from its height, large foliage, and broad corymbose panicles

of rose-colrd. heads of flowers. It is a native of subtropical

and tropical Eastern Africa; and, like so many plants of

that region, has a very wide geographical range, from

Abyssinia to the Zambesi, where it was found by the late

Mr. Mellor on the Manganja Hills, and where it bears the

native name of Foutra, flowering in September, and from

thence it extends to Natal. It appears to be very common

in the Shire Highlands, and to occur on the opposite side

of the Continent, in Angola, in a much more tomentose

form. The plant here figured was raised from seeds sent

to the Royal Gardens by Mr. Ernest E. Galpin, in March,

1890, and flowered in the Succulent House last winter,

where it attained a height of ten feet. The panicle of

flowers attains three feet in length and two and three-

quarters in breadth. The leaf in the plate is reduced to

half its natural size. .

SEPTEMBER Ist, 1892.

Dusor. A tall shrub or undershrub, ten feet high as cul-

tivated at Kew, branches and leaves beneath pubescent or

tomentose, as are the branches of the panicle and involucres.

Leaves eight to twenty inches long by a foot broad or less,

variable in breadth, much smaller in Abyssinian and

Angolan specimens, margin sometimes lobulate, always

acutely toothed. Heads in corymbosely panicled clusters,

two to three feet broad, subsessile. Jnvolucre half-inch

_ long, cylindrical before the upper scales spread and fall

away; scales broadly ovate, obtuse, green, coriaceous.

Flowers four to five; corolla pink, tube twice as long as

the involucre ; anthers and stigmas yellow. Achenes ten-

ribbed, thinly hairy when ripe, glandular between the ribs.

Pappus scabrid, double, pale yellow or white, outer hairs

very short.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Head of flower; 2, flower; 3, pappus hair; 4, stamens :—all en-

larged ; 5, reduced figures of whole plant. sels

ne Brooks Day &Sonknp

y Vir

MS del, INFitcnth

Tap. 7256,

DISA Coopert.

Native of Natal.

Nat. Ord. OncuipEm. Tribe OpHrypez.

Genus Disa, Berg.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 630.)

Disa (Eudisa) Cooperi ; robusta, foliis lineari- v. elliptico-lanceolatis v. oblan-

ceolatis subacutis infimis in petiolam augustatis, scapo vaginato, spica

robusta multiflora, floribus odoris, bracteis magnis herbaceis ovario

longioribus cymbiformibus apicibus elongatis subulatis sphacelatis rubro-

castaneis, sepalo dor-ali infundibulari pallido in cornu ascendente gracili

ovario multoties longiore attenuato, lateralibus oblongis reflexis roseis,

petalis dolabriformibus retusis. labello unguiculato flavo-viridi late ovato

sub apice rotundato obscure trilobo, anthera postica, polliniis pendulis

glandulis dissitis, stigmate ? magno tumido.

D. Cooperi, Reichb. f. in Flora, \xiv. (1881) 328.

Under D. incarnata (Tab. 7243) I have alluded to the

extraordinary diversity that obtains between the same

organs of the various species of this supremely polymorphic

genus. Compared with D. incarnata, putting aside the

obvious difference between them in the forms of the mem-

bers of the perianth, there is a yet greater one in the

anther, which is in the former species erect with the

rostellum and its pouches placed immediately above the

stigma, and the pollinia erect, but in this the anther is

thrown back, or as it were turned over, with the rostellum

and its pouches rising high above the stigma, and the

pollinia are pendulous. In the one case the anther faces

the lip, in the other it faces the dorsal sepal. Another

Singular feature in D. Cooperi is the great size of what 1

take to be the stigma, and which forms a fleshy rounded

boss at the base of the very short column, overhanging the

claw of the lip, and at least twice as broad as the rest of

the column. A similarly resupinate anther occurs in other

species, as in D. obtusa, Lindl., figured by M. Bolus in his

** Orchids of the Cape Peninsula,” p. 153, Plate 34, which

is otherwise a widely dissimilar species, in every floral

organ. In various other species the anther is horizontal,

or more or less inclined backwards or forwards.

SEPTEMBER Ist, 1892.

Disa Cooperi is a native of the North-Eastern districts of

extratropical South Africa, having been discovered many

years ago in the Orange Free State by Mr. Cooper, a col-

lector employed by the late W. W. Saunders, Hsq., F.R.S.,

of Reigate. It has been found in the Transvaal, at Syden-

burg by Dr. Atherstone, and in Natal by Mrs. Fannin.

From this last country the specimen here figured was im-

ported by Messrs. Sander and Co. of St. Albans, who

exhibited it at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society

in February last and then presented it to the Royal

Gardens, Kew. It has a strong scent of cloves.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower with the sepals removed; 2, column, and stigma?;

3, pollinium :—all enlarged.

Vincent Brooks Day & SonImp.

L Reeve & C° London.

M S.del JN Fitch ith.

Tse: 7257.

LILIUM svunpuvrevm.

Native of Burma.

Nat. Ord. Littacem. Tribe Tutrrez.

Genus Litium, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 816.)

Litium (Eulirion) swlphurewm ; bulbo globoso magno, caule erecto 6-7-pedali

apice cernuo, foliis pluribus sparsis linearibus viridibus, superioribus

sensim brevioribus basi bulbilliferis, floribus 1-3 corymbosis, perianthio

infundibulari pallide sulphureo segmentis oblanceolato-oblongis parte

tertia superiore recurvatis exterioribus extus rubro-brunneo suffusis,

staminibus perianthio distincte brevioribus, antheris lineari-oblongis,

. polline rubro-brunneo, stylo staminibus superante stigmate magno.

L. Wallichianum var. superbum, Hort. Low. ; Baker in Gard. Chron. 1891, pt. 2,

p- 480.

L. ochroleucum, The Garden, 1891, vol. ii. p. 338, non Wallich.

The recent exploration of Upper Burma by General

Collett and others has resulted in the discovery of four

new Lilies. Of these, L. primulinuin (tab. 7227) and

L. Lowii (tab. 7232) have already been figured in the

*‘ Botanical Magazine.” The present plant is the third

species. The fourth, L. Bakerianum, which has erect

broadly funnel-shaped flowers, has not yet been brought

into cultivation, but is figured from the dried specimens

gathered by General Collett in the twenty-eighth volume

of the “Journal of the Linnean Society,” tab. 22. For

the introduction into cultivation of the other species

we are indebted to Messrs. Hugh Low and Co. Of the

Lilies previously known, the present plant is most nearly

allied to L. Wallichianum (Bot. Mag. tab. 4561), which

inhabits Kumaon and Nepaul. It resembles Wallichianum

closely in its leaves and general habit, but the Himalayan

plant has pure white flowers, more slender anthers with

bright yellow pollen, and does not produce bulbille in the

axils of the upper leaves. Our drawing was made from a

plant presented by Messrs. Low to the Royal Gardens,

Kew, which flowered in the Temperate House last October.

OcToBER 1st, 1892.

Dzscr. Bulb large, globose. Stem erect, cernuous at

the apex, six or seven feet long, green throughout. Leaves

numerous, scattered, spreading, linear, bright green, the

lower three or four inches long, the upper growing gradu-

ally shorter, and many of them producing bulbille in their

axils. lowers usually two or three, pendent on long

peduncles, fragrant, sulphur-yellow, tinged outside with

claret-red. Perianth funnel-shaped, seven or eight inches

long, the oblanceolate-oblong segments permanently con-

nivent in the lower two-thirds, recurving in the upper

third; outer segments but little over an inch broad ; inner

nearly two inches broad. Stamens an inch and a half

shorter than the perianth-segments; anthers above

an inch long, with red-brown pollen. Style much over-

topping the anthers, curved at the apex ; stigmas large.—

J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Front view of an anther ; 2, back view of an anther; 3, pistil :—

all life-size.

7258

Vincent Brooks Day &Soninip * |

MS.del, IN Fitch ith.

Tas. 7258.

POTENTILLA Satesoviana.

Native of Kashmir and the Altai Mountains.

Nat. Ord. Rosacez. Tribe Porenrinier.

Genus Porentitta, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 620.)

Potentitta (Trichothalamus) Salesoviana ; suffruticosa, sericeo-pilosa, caule

robusto ramoso fusco-rubro, foliis pinnatis, foliolis 7-9 oblongis obtusis

Coriaceis grosse crenato-serratis subtus argenteo-sericeis, stipulis amplis

membranaceis acuminatis fuscis, floribus amplis cymoso-paniculatis,

calycis lobis ovatis v. ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis utrinque sericeis,

bracteolis parvis linearibus v. lanceolatis, petalis albis spathulato-rotun-

datis calycem vix excedentibus, receptaculo globoso strigoso, acheniis

villosis, stylo gracili ventrali.

P. Salesoviana, Steph. in Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. ii. (1809) 6,t.3; Willd. Enum.

Pi. Hort. Berol. i. p. 552 (Salesovii) ; Nestler Monog. Potentill. p. 31;

Lehm. Monogr. Potentill. p. 35, t. 1; Revis. Potentill. p 13 (Salessovii) ;

DC. Prodr. vol. ii. p. 583; Ledeb. Fl, Alt. vol. ii. p. 233; Hook. f. FI.

Brit. Ind. ii. 348.

P. discolor, Cambessi. in Jacguem. Voy. Bot. 53, t. 65.

Comarum Salesovi, Bunge, Ind. Sem. Hort. Dorpat. 1839; Ledeb. Fl. Ross.

vol. i. p. 63.

Potentilla Salesoviana was discovered in the Altai moun-

tains early in the century, and published under the above

name; and it has since been found abundantly in the drier

N.W. Himalaya and Western Tibet, at eleven to fourteen

thousand feet elevation; and in the Thian-Schan moun-

tains. In 1839 it was cultivated in the Botanical Garden

of Dorpat, when Professor Bunge redescribed it, referring

it to the genus Comarum, under which name it is very

generally cultivated in European gardens. The reason

for this transference of the plant to Comarum was no

doubt the strongly elevated receptacle (a very variable

organ in Potentilla) for in no other character does P.

Salesovi resemble that genus (or section of Potentilla as it

is now held to be) which is a marsh plant, with a woody

rhizome, very small purplish brown acute petals, a downy

receptacle, and glabrous achenes.

On the other hand, P. Salesoviana is atypical member of

the section Trichothalamus of Potentilla, characterized by the

OctosER Ist, 1892.

long stiff hairs of the receptacle, which conceal the achenes.

Its near ally is the beautiful P. fruticosa of Kurope and

the Himalaya, with which indeed, according to a note in

Nestler’s monograph of the genus, the elder De Candolle

was almost disposed to unite it. I fancy, however, that

there must be some misunderstanding here of De Candolle’s

view, for P. fruticosa has subdigitately pinnate leaves,

bracteoles exceeding the calyx-lobes, and golden petals.

Curiously enough Lehman describes the petals of P.

Salesoviana as white in his “ Monograph’’ of the genus,

but red in his subsequent “ Revision ” of it.

P. Salesoviana has long been in cultivation at Kew, but

for the fine specimen here figured I am indebted to the

Rey. Canon Ellacombe, of Bitton Vicarage, with whom it

flowered in June last.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Section of flower with petals removed; 2 and 3, stamens ; 4, pistils;

5, achene; 6, the same with half of the pericarp removed, showing the seed :—

all enlarged.

7259.

Tas. 7259.

CIRRHOPETALUM Maxoyanvm.

Native of the Hast Indies. ?

Nat. Ord. Oxrcu1pra.—Tribe ErrpENDREA.

Genus Crrrnoretatum, Lindl. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 504.) |

CIrRHOPETALUM (Umbellatee) Makoyanum ; rhizomate robusto repente, pseudo-

bulbis sparsis anguste ampulle formibus sulcatis nudis, folio oblongo-

oblanceolato subacuto, scapo gracillimo erecto rufo-brunneo 2-vaginato,

vaginis parvis inferiore tubulosa appressa superiore subulata patula,

umbella 12-14-flora, bracteis setaceis pedicellis brevibus brevioribus,

floribus 12 poll. longis stellatim patentibus aureis rubro-punctatis, sepalo

dorsali ovato acuminato decurvo ciliato, lateralibus dorsali multoties

longioribus anguste linearibus in laminam subcylindraceam elongatam

acutam basi dorso gibbam coherentibus, petalis sepalo dorsali paulo

brevioribus ovatis caudato-acuminatis ciliatis, labello breviter stipitato

ovato-lanceolato pallido, columna ecalcarata subbialata, alis superne

dilatatis truncatis, pede brevi.

C. Makoyanum, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1879, i. 232.

Cirrhopetalum Makoyanum was described about twelve

years ago by Dr. Reichenbach in the Gardener’s Chronicle,

and named by him after the eminent nurserymen and

importers of exotic plants, the Messrs. Makoy, of Liege.

According to its importers it was found in the province of

Minas Geraes in Brazil, a localization which Dr. Reichen-

bach very naturally hesitates to accept, the affinity of the

plant being clearly with the Asiatic species of Cirrhopetalum,

and especially with the Bombay B. fimbriatum (Bot. Mag.

t. 4391), which differs in having globose pseudobulbs,

broader, longer and flat lateral sepals, and two strong

teeth at the top of the column. It is perhaps nearer to

CO. gamosepalum, Griff., a native of Burma and the Malay

Peninsula, which has a filiform rhizome, and a three-

toothed column with a long foot. In the unarmed

column .it agrees better with another of the same group,

C. Cumingii (t. 4996), which has red flowers, flat linear

abruptly acuminate lateral sepals, and a prolonged

foot to the column. These all belong to a very consider-

OcrtoseER Ist, 1892.

able section of the genus, with many flowers in a flat

umbel, and ciliate dorsal sepal and petals, which is confined

to the Old World; to which quarter of the globe no doubt

C. Makoyanum is to be assigned. |

The distinctive characters of C. Makoyanum are the

stout rhizome, the pale yellow flowers dotted with red, and

the revolute margins of the lateral sepals, which being

coherent, together form a slender tube narrowing from the

base to the apex, the very short foot of the column, and

its truncate wings.

The Royal Gardens are indebted to Fredk. Wigan, Hsq.,

of Clare Lodge, East Sheen, for the specimen here figured,

which flowered in January, 1892, in the Orchid House.—

d. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, lip and column; 3, lip; 4, column; 5 and 6, side and

front views of anther; 7, pollinia ;—all enlarged.

7260.

M.S.del, JN Fitch, lith.

Vincent Brooks Day & San, imp.

;

Tas. 7260.

MONODORA GranpiFtora.

Native of Western Tropical Africa.

Nat. Ord. ANonackEzx.—Tribe MirREPHORES.

Genus Monopora, Dunal ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl v 1. i. p. 26.)

Monopora grandiflora ; arborea, foliis oblongis obovato-oblongisve acutis basi

rotundatis obtusis cordatisve, pedunculis v. ramulis hornotinis supra

medium 1-bracteatis, sepalis lanceolatis acuminatis undulatis, petalis

exterioribus 3-4-pollicaribus lanceolatis crispato-undulatis aureis rubro

maculatis, interioribus duplo minoribus unguiculatis latissime ovato-

cordatis angulis basi inflexis ciliatis, ovario turbinato, stigmate lobulato,

fructu 6 po!l. diam. pericarpio crasso subsulcato.

M. grandiflora, Benth. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xxiii. p. 474.

M. Myristica var. grandiflora, Oliver Fl. Trop. Afr. vol. i. p. 38.

Xyioria undulata, Beauv. Fl. Oware et Benin, vol. i. p. 27, t. 16 (excl.

fruct.) P

The genus Monodora was founded on a tree at that time

known only as cultivated in the West Indies, where it is

called the American or Calabash Nutmeg, and of which

the fruit alone had been previously described and figured

by Gaertner (Fruct. vol. ii. p. 194, t. 125, f. 1.) as

Anona Myristica. The specific and popular name being

due to the fact of the seeds containing an aromatic oil

resembling in flavour but less pungent than that of the

Nutmeg, and used for the same purposes, in food and as

medicine. This, for long the only known species, was

supposed in Jamaica to have been brought from the

Continent of America, It is figured at tab. 3059 of this

Magazine, and fully described by Dr. Bancroft from living

Specimens, accompanied with observations by the editor of

the Magazine, who supplies a note to the effect that Robert

Brown considered it more probable that it was brought by

the negroes from the West Coast of Africa.

Nothing further was known of the genus till a second

species, that here figured, was described by Mr. Bentham,

from specimens collected by Mr. G. Mann (late Conservator

of Forests in Assam) in tropical Western Africa, and which

he identified with the Xylopia undulata, Beauv. of Benin,

together with two others, M. tenuifolia, Benth., and M. bre-

OctoBER lst, 1892.

vipes, Benth., all natives of the Bight of Benin. Mr. Ben-

tham also indicates three insufficiently known species, M.

angolensis, Welw. (Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. iii. p. 151); a

second from the Niger river ; and a third from the Zambesi.

Mr. Bentham doubted whether his M. grandiflora, of

which he had seen only Herbarium specimens, might not

be the same as M. Myristica ; and Professor Oliver has, in

the Flora of Tropical Africa, placed it as a variety under

the latter. A comparison of the plates 7260 and 3059

would seen to negative this, for if Dr. Bancroft’s figure is

to be trusted, the flowers of M. Myristica are not half the

size of those of grandiflora, the proportions of the outer

and inner sepals differ greatly, as does their colouring, and

the position of the bract on the peduncle of the flower.

On the other hand, Dr. Bancroft says that the flowers vary

much in size, and the position of the bracts in the genus is

far from constant. Beauvois’ figure is too bad to admit of

its being identified with M. grandiflora ; and he represents

as actually growing from the stem, the fruit of a totally

different genus. Nor must it be overlooked that

Gaertner’s fruit of M. Myristica is not half the size of that

of M. grandiflora, its seeds are much smaller, and the

pericarp is comparatively thin.

I have only further to remark that the corolla of the

genus has not hitherto been accurately described; the

petals are completely confluent below; and the base of the

hence gamopetalous corolla is raised in the centre of the

flower forming an erect columnar tube that supports the

torus ; this column is nearly terete in the newly opened

flower, as represented at fig. 2, but becomes at length

grooved, as shown. at fig. 1. ;

M. grandiflora has been long cultivated at Kew, having

probably beg sent by Mr. Mann about the year 1860.

It has attained in the Palm House a height of fifteen feet,

where it flowers in spring. Mr. Watson informs me that

it loses its leaves in autumn, and forms new ones in

spring of a glossy rose purple when young, turning to a

glossy green when mature.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Base of corolla, showing the erect columnar portion stamens and ovary,

backed by an inner petal ; 2, column from a newly expanded flower; 3 and 4,

anthers; 5, transverse section of ovary; 6, ovule :—all but fig. 1 enlarged.

7261,

dks Day & Sonimp.

Vincent Bro

L Reeve & C$ London.

MS.del, IN-Fitanlith, -

Tan, 72er.

CHEIRANTHERA parvirtora.

Native of Western Australia.

Nat. Ord. Pirrosporem,

Genus Cuerrantuera, A. Cunn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p- 133.)

CHEIRANTHERA parviflora; caule gracili volubili glabro v. puberulo, foliis

subsessilibus linearibus v. oblongo-ovatis lanceolatisve acutis obtusisve

marginibus recurvis, floribus solitariis terminalibus longe pedunculatis,

sepalis minutis, petalis obovato-oblongis apiculatis, antheris filamentis

zquilongis, ovario in stylum incurvum attenuato.

C. parviflora, Benth. Fl. Austral. vol. i. p. 128.

A very elegant twiner with interlaced branches, as

shown in the figure here given of a plant grown at Kew,

but according to the description in the Flora Australiensis,

having sometimes a less twining habit with short leafy

branches. The plant also varies extremely in foliage, with

leaves from one half to one and a half inch long and from

broadly oblong-lanceolate to linear. In habit it much

resembles the well-known green-house favourite, Sollya

heterophylla (Tab. 3523), from which the genus Cheir-

anthera differs in the stamens not forming a cone round

the pistil, but being bent to one side of the flower (as in the

section Pleurandra of Hibbertia) facing the incurved aspect

of the ovary.

C. parviflora is a native of Western Australia, in the

King George’s Sound district, where it was discovered

half a century ago by Mr. James Drummond, the inde-

fatigable explorer of the Botany of the Swan River Colony,

and I have seen no other native specimens than those sent

by him to Sir W. Hooker nearly half a century ago. The

plant here figured was raised from seeds sent by G. W.

Leake, Esq., Q.C., Member of the Legislative Council of

OcroseERr Ist, 1892.

Western Australia, a valuable contributor to the Royal

Gardens, where it flowered in a cool greenhouse in July of

the present year.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Calyx and ovary; 2, petal; 3, stamens and ovary; 4, stamen;

5, ovary with half of pericarp removed showing the ovules ; 6, transverse

section of ovary ;—all enlarged.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son, Imp.

MS del, JNFitch, lith

L.Reeve & C9 London.

| Tas. 7262.

Me o MOOREA srrorata, Rolfe.

Native of the Andes of South America.

Nat. Ord. OncnipeE®. Tribe VANDER.

Genus Moorza, Rolfe in Gard. Chron, 1890, vol. ii. p. 7.

Gen. char. Sepala subsequalia, libera, patentia. -Petala sepalis subsimilia,

sed basi angustiora. Jabellum sepalis minus, cam basi (pedi brevissimo)

crasso columnz articulatum, sessile, profunde trilobum, lobis lateralibus

majusculis auriculaformibus obtusis, intermedio subulato lateralibus

paullo longiore porrecto, disco bicornuto inter cornua 3-calloso.

Columna incurvo-erecta, robusta, basi incrassata, exalata. Anthera ter-

minalis, hemispherica, incumbens; pollinia 4, subreniformia, paribus

valde inzequalibus, apice stipitis anguste linearis basi viscosi affixa, glan-

dula 0; rostellum inconspicuum; stigmate transverso.—Herba pseudo-

bulbosa, elata. Pseudobulbi ovsidei, suleati, diphylli. Folia mazima,

(3; pedalia), petiolata, elliptico-lanceolata, acuminata, plicata, Scapus

inter pseudobulbos enatus, validus, erectus, foliis multo brevior, vaginatus.

Flores ampli, laxe racemosi, breviter pedicellati ; bracteze eymbiformes,

acutz, ovario breviores, coriacex, persistentes. Sepala et petala coriacea,

ochraceo-brunnea, basi pallidiora. Labelli lobi laterales straminei, pur-

purei transverse striati, intermedio basi aureo apice purpureo ; cornua disci

suberecta, obtusa, aurea rubro-punctata. Columna et anthera pallide

straminex.

M, irrorata, Rolfe in Gard. Chron, I. c. and 1892, 1. p. 489, tig. 73.

A very handsome Orchid, closely allied to Houlletia, but

generically distinguished by its author, Mr. Rolfe, by the

lip being without a claw and articulate with the base or

foot of the column, and by its mid-lobe or epichile not being

articulate with the hypochile. It is named in honour of

Mr. F. W. Moore, Curator of the Glasnevin Botanical

Gardens, who worthily upholds the condition of those

Gardens (so celebrated for the cultivation of Orchids) to

which his father raised them. Unfortunately the native

country of Moorea is only approximately known, it was

bought by Mr. Moore at a sale of Orchids, and was pro-

bably imported by Messrs. Shuttleworth, Carder & Co.,

from the Andes of New Grenada or Peru, those gentlemen

having sent a flowering raceme, together with a leaf, to

Novemser Ist, 1892.

~ Kew in December, 1889, a few months before others were

received from Mr. Moore, though the fact was not known

until later. .

The plant figured was flowered by Mr.

of the present year. :

Duscr. Pseudobulbs one and a half inches long, ovoid,

grooved, green. Leaves two, attaining three feet in length

by eight inches broad, elliptic-lanceolate, acute, plicate,

with five principal nerves, narrowed at the base into a

petiole of variable length. Scape from the base of the

pseudobulb, ‘much shorter than the leaves, suberect, as

stout as a swan’s quill, terete, green; sheaths three to five,

rather distant, one to one and a half inches long, brown.

Raceme erect, six to ten inches long laxly many-fid. ;

rachis stout, terete, green; bracts one to one and a half

inches, elliptic-cymbiform, acute, thinly coriaceous, persis-

tent; pedicel and ovary one and a half inches long, stout,

ascending or decurved, green. Flowers two inches in

diameter. Sepals and petals subsimilar, spreading, con-

cave, elliptic-ovate, acute, orange-brown, pale at the base.

Tip much smaller, sessile, articulate on the very short

broad foot of the column, broader than long, deeply three-

lobed ; lateral lobes ear-shaped, yellow banded and spotted

with purple ; mid-lobe styliform ; disk with a horseshoe-

like erect appendage, consisting of two linear-oblong obtuse

yellow arms spotted with red, between which are three

collateral oblong calli. Column stout, pale, incurved.

Anther hemispheric; pollinia of two very unequal oblong

pairs ona slender linear strap that terminates below in

an acute glandular tip, and bears no defined gland ; the

strap projects far beyond the anther and obscure rostellum,

and overhangs the broad stigmatic depression.—J. De A.

Moore in March

Fig. 1, Lip spread open ; 2, processes and calli of the disk of the lip ; 3, column ;

4 and 5, anther; 6 and 7, pollinia:—all enlarged; 8, view of whole plant,

about one-fourth of the natural size,

Sanka

L. Reeve & C? London.

“Vincent Brocks Day & SonImp.

Tas. 7268.

CARLUDOVICA microcerHaLa.

Native of Costa Rica.

Nat. Ord. Crctantursz.—Tribe CaRLupovicen.

Genus CarLupovica, Ruiz & Pav. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p- 953)

CaRLUDovica microcephala ; humilis, caule brevi valido erecto, foliis parvis

gracile petiolatis unicostatis infra medium furcatis, laciniis lanceolatis

acuminatis sub-8-nerviis, vagina brevi coriacea, spadice gracili peduncu-

lato parvo oblongo, spathis ad basin spadicis binis late ovatis apice

attenuatis, caducis, H. masc. perianthii lobulis 1-seriatis oblongis, filamen-

tis mamillzformibus brevissimis apiculatis, fl. fem. perianthii lobis bre-

vissimis latis, staminodiis simplicibus filiformibus.

C. microcephala, Hort, Berol.

Except that it was sent to the Royal Gardens of Kew

from that of Berlin in 1880, I have no information as to

this curious dwarf species of Carludovica, beyond what has

been kindly communicated by Dr. Wendland, to whom I

sent the drawing together with that of Chamedorea

stolonifera (Plate 7265). That excellent botanist informs

me that it is a native of Costa Rica, where it has been

found by both Warsewicz and himself; and, that like

C. atrovirens, H. Wendl., it belongs to a section of the genus

with two spathes below the spadix. I do not find the

name CO. microcephala in the Index of all known flowering

plants now being printed at Kew, nor does the plant agree

with the description of any published species. In the

stem it resembles the young plant of various scandent

species, but as it has now been twelve years at Kew,

throwing out no lateral roots (indicative of a climbing

habit), and flowering repeatedly, it is presumable that it

belongs to the short-stemmed group of the genus. Its

near ally would appear to be C. ensiformis, figured at

t. 6418 of this work, which has a very short stem, bifid

leaves, and a similar small oblong spadix; but in that

plant the leaves are distichous, with very stout petioles,

are more deeply divided, and the segments are ensiform

NovEeMBER lst, 1892.

and only four-nerved, with the nerves very distant. In

the structure of the male and female flowers these two

species are very closely allied.

C. microcephala flowers annually in a stove at Kew in

the spring months.

Duscr. Stem three and a half inches high, subclavate,

narrowing from one and a quarter inch in diameter at the

top to two-thirds inch at the base, throwing out subter-

ranean suckers, green crossed with about twelve broad

brown scars of fallen leaves. Leaves numerous at the top

of the stem, ten to eighteen inches long, dark green, split

to below the middle into two lanceolate finely acuminate

plicately about eight-nerved segments; petiole very slender,

dilated at the base into a fleshy purplish open sheath.

Peduncle two to four inches long, slender, naked, green,

furnished at the base with narrow brown lanceolate

appressed sheaths about one inch long. Spadix three-

fourths inch long, oblong, obtuse, with about eight groups

of flowers, subtended by two opposite pale green ovate

Spathes one to one and a half inches long, with long green

tips. Male fl. with one row of many short oblong perianth

lobes; filaments subglobose with short tips; anthers

shortly oblong. Fem. jl. : perianth-lobes four, very short,

much broader than long; staminodes one and a half inch

long, simple, filiform. Stigmas subglobose.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Male fl.; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, fem. fl.; 5, transverse section of

ovary :—all enlarged.

7264,

“4

Y Ba

4MLS.del, JN-Fitch ith. Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp.

L. Reeve & C° London.

Tas. 7264,

CALOCHORTUS Kennepvt.

Native of California and Arizona.

Nat. Ord. Littackeam.—Tribe Turirea.

Genus Catocuortus, Pursh, ; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol, iii. p. 820.)

Carocnortus (Mariposa) Kennedyi; bulbo ovoideo, caule gracili 1-4-floro

recto vel flexuoso, foliis linearibus, pedunculis brevibus vel elongatis,

sepalis lineari-oblongis intus pallide citrinis basi maculA castaneo-atra

preeditis, petalis cuneatis splendide coccineo-luteis ungue nigro-castaneo

foveola centrali dense hispida praedito, staminibus petalis 2-3-plo breviori-

bus, ovario cylindrico-trigono stigmatibus falcatis.

C. Kennedyi, Porter tz Coulter Bot. Gaz. vol. ii. p- 79; S. Wats. in Prog,

Amer, Acad, vol, xiv. p. 265; Bot. Calif. vol. ii. p. 171.

The genus Calochortus is distinguished from all the

other Liliacew by its distinctly dichlamydeous perianth.

Whilst Tulipa is entirely restricted to the Old World,

Calochortus belongs exclusively to America, being confined

to Mexico, Arizona, California, British Columbia and the

Rocky Mountains. Since I monographed the genus in 1875

in the fourteenth volume of the “ Journal of the Linnean

Society,” a large number of new species have been dis-

covered. Of these the present plant is the most showy.

It entirely agrees in structure, foliage, and general habit

with C. luteus, splendens, and venustus, but the petals are

brilliant scarlet with a dash of yellow in it, with a dark

claw and a very distinct, very hispid, nearly basal nectary.

It has been found in Arizona and several places in

Southern California. Our drawing was made from a

plant that flowered in Kew Gardens last June. The bulbs

were sent to Kew by Mr. Charles R. Orcutt, of San Diego,

the editor of the ‘West American Scientist.” At

Kew it flowered freely in an open border, and appears

to be as hardy as the other species of the section Mariposa.

Descr. Bulb small, ovoid, producing the new one close to

itself. Stem slender, terete, straight or flexuose, simple or

branched. Leaves linear, produced in a tuft from the fork

if the stem is branched. lowers one to four; peduncles

NovemBer Ist, 1892.

ascending, long or short. Sepals linear-oblong, an inch

long, pale yellow inside, with a round brown-black spot at

the base. Petals cuneate, as broad as long, placed nearly

edge to edge in the expanded flower, rounded to a minute

cusp on the outer margin, bright scarlet with a dash of

yellow, ciliated towards the base with a few large brown-

black bristles ; claw brown-black with a very distinct

densely hispid brown-black nectary in the middle. Stamens

less than half as long as the petals; filaments much

shorter than the pale yellow linear anthers. Ovary

cylindrical-trigonous, narrowed to the base and apex;

stigmas spreading, sessile.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Base of petal, showing nectary and bristles; 2, a sfamen; 3, pistil;

Ss AS Pa a abate se

7265.

M.S.del. J.N.Fitchlith.

L.Reeve & C2 London.

Tas. 7265.

- . OAHAMARDOREA stotontrera.

Vative of South Mexico.

Nat. Ord. Patmem. Tribe Arecem.

Genus Cuamazporna, Willd. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 910.)

CuamazprEa (Collinia) stolonifera; caudice tenui valde stolonifero, foliis

bifurcatis, laciniis late oblongis margine exteriore superne grosse

crenato-serratis utrinque 9-nerviis, spadicibus masculis 5-6-ramosis,

foemineis simplicibus, corolla mascula et foominea trifida brunnea demam

aurantiaca, fructibus oblongo-globosis. H. Wendl. mss.

I am indebted to Dr. Wendland for the above diagnosis

of this previously unpublished species, as the Royal

Gardens are for the plant figured, which was received from

Herrenhausen in 1882, and flowered in the tropical Aroid

house in the spring months. Dr. Wendland refers it to

his section Collinia (genus of Martius) characterized by the

flowers of both sexes being trifid with valvate lobes; and

to which also belongs C. elegans, Mart., figured at Plate

4845 of this work, a native, like C. stolonifera, of Mexico.

A striking character of C. stolonifera is its excessively

stoloniferous habit, resulting in the stems forming dense

clusters amongst the bases of which the stolons creep, some

however radiating out horizontally and giving rise to

young plants at some distance from the old stems, as shown

in the plate.

Desor. Stems slender, a yard high, hardly so thick as

the middle finger, growing in dense tufts with interlaced

stolons, green, rather closely annulate. Leaves terminal,

ten inches long, bright green, shortly petioled, obovate in

outline, cleft to below the midale into two dimidiate-oblong

subacute nine-nerved many-nervuled segments; outer

margin of the segments crenately toothed, inner slightly

convex; petiole one to one and a half inch, slender; sheath

short. Sypadices infra-foliar; males shorter than the

leaves, subcorymbosely five to six-branched ; branches

three to five inches long, spreading and flexuous, green ;

NovemMBER Ist, 1892.

peduncle five inches long, clothed up to the branches of

the spadix, with three to five brown lanceolate acuminate

imbricating convolute sheaths. Male fl. rather loosely

scattered on the branches of the spadix, sessile by a broad

base, globose, about one-eighth inch diameter, at first

brown, then orange-yellow. Calyw annular, membranous,

obscurely toothed. Corolla thickly coriaceous, three-lobed

to the middle, lobes valvate. Stamens with the filaments

confluent in a fleshy broad six-toothed ring; anther-cells

divaricate below, linear, marginal as it were on the teeth

of the ring. FPistillode columnar, with a three-lobed

stigma.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Portion of branch of spadix and flowers; 2, lobe of corolla; 3, ring of

stamens and pistillode; 4, portion of do. with one anther :—all enlarged.

7266.

Vincent Brooks Day & San,imp.

;

fal

Tas. 7266.

RANUNCULUS oazparicus.

Native of Transylvania.

Nat. Ord. Ranunovtace#.—Tribe RaNUNCULEA.

Genus Ranuncutvs, Linn. ; (Benth. et-Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 5.)

RaNUNcvuvs carpaticus ; rhizomate horizontali crasso, caule simplici erecto

1-3-folio 1-2-floro basi appresse piloso, foliis sparse pilosis, radicalibus

longe petiolatis palmati-partitis segmentis fissis et crenato-dentatis,

caulinarum inferiore breviter petiolato radicalibus subsimili, superioribus

sessilibus amplexicaulibus, summo 3-5-partito segmentis integerrimis,

sepalis patulis patentim pilosis, petalis duplo longioribus aureis, toro

spherico setoso, acheniis reniformi-obovoideis subcompressis glabris rostro

hamato puberulo duplo longioribus.

R. carpaticus, Herbich. Sel. Pl. Rar. Gallic. 15; Walp. Rep. i. 34; Schott.

in Bot. Zeit. 1851, 393. :

R. Gouanii, Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1322 ex parte; Bawmg. Enum, Stirp.

Magn. Transylv. indig. ii. 125.

R. montanus, var. dentatus, Bauwmg. l. e. 124. :

R. carpaticus is confined to subalpine forests in the moun-

tains of Eastern Hungary, bordering Roumelia, at eleva-

tions of four thousand to five thousand feet, where it

represents R. montanus, Willd., and Gouanit, Willd., of

the more western Alps and Pyrenees. It is a much larger

flowered plant than either of these, and is indeed one of

the largest flowered European species, though in this

respect it varies a good deal, the flower of some specimens

in the Herbarium at Kew being nearly double the size of

others.

Professor Janka, on the ticket of a specimen received at

Kew Herbarium in 1864 has given Rf. aduncus, Gren. and

Godr. Fl. Franc. (vol. i. p. 32) a native of the Alps, as a

synonym, but that plant is described as never having

amplexicaul leaves, and it has petiolulate leaf-segments, and

a much longer beak of the achene.

The specimen figured was received at the Royal Gardens,

Kew, in 1891, from Professor Romer, of Kronstadt, in

Hungary, and it flowered in the Herbaceous ground in

May of this year.

Novemser Ist, 1892,

Descr. Whole plant more or less softly hairy with

appressed or more or less spreading hairs. ootstock one

to three inches, creeping, as thick as the little finger or

less, yellowish. Stem eight to twelve inches high, as thick

as a crow-quill, erect, one to two-leaved above the middle,

one to two-fid. Leaves ; radical long-petioled, orbicular in

outline, five inches broad or less, bright green, copiously

hirsute, deeply palmately lobed almost to the base; seg-

ments cuneately obovate, lobulate and crenate-toothed,

nerves deeply impressed; lower cauline leaf sessile or shortly

petioled, like the radical but narrower ; uppermost leaf

greatly reduced, amplexicaul, five-lobed, lobes lanceolate

entire. Flowers stoutly peduncled, one to two inches

diameter ; peduncle two to three inches, appressedly,

hairy. Sepals half inch long or less, oblong, obtuse, —

spreading, sparsely hirsute, yellow green. Petalsorbicular- -

obovate, golden yellow; basal scale broad, truncate.

Stamens very many, filaments longer than the anthers.

Head of carpels globose. Achenes tumid, glabrous, nar-

rowed into a strongly hooked puberulous beak not half as

long as the body.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1 and 2, Stamens; 3, achene :—all enlarged.

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Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

L Reeve &C° London.

Tas. 7267.

FERULA ‘trncirana.

Native of Northern Africa and Syria.

Nat. Ord. UMBELLIFERZ.—Tribe Peucepaner,

Genus Frruta, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 917). -

F. tingitana ; glabra, caule robusto elato inferne folioso, foliis amplis viridibus

glaucescentibus lucidis triangulari-ovatis quarternatim pinnatisectis,

segmentis in petiolulum brevem angustatis oblongis in lacinias breves

oblongas obtusas pinnatipartitis, superiorum vaginis dilatatis, bracteis

ramorum basin oblongis cymbiformibus membranaceis deciduis, umbellis

globosis aureis, fructu elliptico caesio margine semine quadruplo angus-

tiore cincto, jugis tenuibus prominentibus, valleculis 3-vittatis, com-

missure 4-vittata. =

F. tingitana, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 247. Gaertn. Fruct. vol. ii. p. 28, t. 85, £1.

Ait. Hort, Kew, ed. 2, vol. ii. p. 137. Lamk. Encycl. vol. ii. p. 455. Illustr.

Gen. t. 205, f. 2. Desf. Fl. Atlant. vol. i. p. 251. DO. Prodr. vol. iv.

rigs Boiss. Fl. Orient. vol. ii. p. 992. Ballin Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xvi.

F. sancta, Boiss. Diagn. Pl. Or. vol. i. pt. X, p. 39.

Ferula tingitana foliis lucidis, &c. Breyn. Hist. Prodr. Fasc. Rar. Pl. vol. i.

p- 62 (1680), Sutherland Hort. Med. Edinb. Cat. (1683). Ray. Hist. Pl.

vol. ili. p. 253 (1624). Hermann Parad. Batav. p. 165, ewm Ie. (1698).

Rivin. Introd. Gen. in rem Herbar. t. 256 (1699). Ord. Pl. fl. Pentapet.

Ie. (1699). Morison Plant. Hist. Univ. Oxon. sect. x. p. 309, t. 15 (1699).

Boerk, Ind. Alt Pl. Hort. Lugd. Bat. p. 65 (1720). Linn. Hort. Oliff. p. 95

(1737).

The chief interest attached to this noble Umbellifer is

that it has long been supposed to be that which produces

the Gum Ammoniac of Northern Africa, and which article

is still largely exported to Hurope and the Hast from the

Maroccan ports of Mogador and Mazagan. For this

supposition Lindley is the first authority, according to the

late Dr. Pereira, who says (Mat. Med. Hd. 3 (1853)

p- 1718), “African Ammoniacum, in Arabic Fasogh or

Fashook, is, Dr. Lindley assures me, the produce of Ferula

tingitana.” In this opinion he has been followed by

Fluckiger and Hanbury, and Bentley and Trimen (under

Dorema Aucheri, Medicinal Plants, vol. ii. No. 129). It is

singular that none of these authors seems to have com-

pared the leaves of F’. tingitana with the only authoritative

figure of those of the Fashook, or African Gum Ammoniac

December Ist, 1892.

plant, namely that given in “ Jackson’s Account of the

Empire of Morocco” (Ed. iii. 1814, p. 136, plate 7), and

which represents an entirely different species of Umbellifer.

That Jackson’s figure represents the true Fashook is now

proved by a living specimen at Kew, procured by Mr.

Hunot, H.B.M. Vice-Consul at Saffi, from the interior of

Marocco, in 1886, and which, Mr. Watson informs me, now

shows signs of flowering. This latter plant more nearly

resembles the foliage of the Canarian F’. Linkii, Webb,

than those of F. tingitana. I should add that Mr. Ball

and I, when in Marocco, vainly sought for the Ammoniacum

plant, which the natives assured us grew only in the

interior districts inhabited by predatory and fanatical

Moors, to the north of the city of Marocco. Mr. Ball

(judging from Jackson’s figure) was decidedly of opinion

that it would prove to be a species of Hlaeoselinum, of

which genus we had found a small species with somewhat

similarly cut leaves on the road to Marocco, where the

Fashook had been reported to have been seen (see

“Marocco and the Great Atlas,” p. 386). I have only

further to remark that Lindley’s opinion was founded on

Specimens of the gum which he received from Marocco,

together with others of F’. tingitana, as the plant believed

to produce it, and that I hope in due time to be able to

figure the true plant in this work.

Mr. Ball (Journ. Linn. Soe., vol. xvi. p- 474) observes

that in specimens of F. tingitana gathered by us at

Tangiers, the central umbels had peduncles five to six

inches long, that both involucres and involucels were some- a

times absent, or that the involucres present consisted of

three to four long setaceous bracts, and the involucels of

many short setaceous bracteoles.

f. tingitana is a native of the whole coast of Northern

Africa, from Marocco to Tripoli, as also of the Islands

of Rhodes and Chios, and of Syria. Specimens from the

last-named country, having leaves more glaucous and with

more obtuse segments of the leaflets, were described at first

by Boissier as a different species, Ff’, sancta, but subsequently

referred by him to the African plant, not even as a variety.

The obtuse leaflets of the specimen here figured may in-

dicate its being the Syrian form, but unfortunately nothing

18 known of its origin, it having been in cultivation at Kew

for many years. According to Morrison the species was

introduced into England before 1680 by Mr. Alex. Balaam.

Linneus, in Hortus Cliffortianus and Sp. Plant. (citing

Tournefort Institutes, p. 821), gives Spain as a habitat,

but this, though repeated in Hortus Kewensis, has never

been confirmed.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Male flower; 2, fem. do. with the petals and calyx-limb removed ;

3, head of ripe carpels; 4, transverse sections of mericarps; 6, whole plant :—

all enlarged except fig. 3, which is of the natural size, and 6, which is greatly

reduced.

7268

per sae

MSac,INFithibth ~ Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

L Reeve & C9 London.

Tas. 7268.

MICROSTYLIS Scorn.

Native of Pegu and the Malayan Peninsula.

Nat. Ord. OxcuipE&. Tribe ErripenDRER.

Genus Microstyuis, Nutt. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii, p. 494).

Microstruis Scotti; foliis 2~5 sessilibus oblique ovatis acuminatis marginibus

undulatis, supra brunneis fascia lata marginali pallida brunneo punctata,

scapo elongato acute tetragono colorato, racemo elongato stricto multi-

floro, bracteis lanceolatis reflexis ovarium breve subaquantibus, floribus

arvis subsessilibus, sepalis lateralibus late oblongis marginibus recurvis,

orsali petalisque longioribus et angustioribus, labello viridi suborbiculari,

auriculis erectis lamin rotundate apice constrict et 2-lobe aquilongis.

M. Scottii, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. v. p. 687; et in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2001.

When, only two years ago, I described this remarkable

species from a drawing belonging to the Calcutta Botanical

Gardens, and observed that it was ‘“ eminently worthy of

cultivation,” I little anticipated being so soon able to figure

it from living specimens grown in the Royal Gardens,

Kew. The drawing above referred to represents a speci-

men with the blade of the leaf of a lustrous dark bronzed

hue, the broad dotted margin as more defined and cream- |

coloured; the waving of the margins of the leaves as if

they were crenated, the scape as red, and the lateral sepals

not half the length of the dorsal and petals. There are

also minor differences, as in the large size of the foliage of

the Kew plant, and others which may be seen from an

inspection of the copy in the “Icones Plantarum” of the

Calcutta drawing, but none that militates against its

specific identity with that from Caleutta. It must be

borne in mind, that the latter drawing was made by a

native artist in the Botanical Gardens, from a cultivated

specimen ; and also that the original came from Rangoon,

in Pegu, a widely distant locality from that of the plant

here figured, which was sent from Singapore; the distance

between these localities being upwards of a thousand miles.

DecEMBER Ist, 1892,

M. Scottit belongs to a rather large section of the genus

(Crepidium, Blume) with the sides of the lip produced

upwards into two elongate auricles, to which section also

belong M. metallica (Tab. 6668) and M. Josephiana (Tab.

6325).

The Royal Gardens are indebted to those of Singapore

for the specimen here figured, which was received from

Mr. Ridley in October, 1891, and flowered in the tropical

orchid house in May of the present year.—J. D. H.

_ Fig. 1, Front, and 2 side view of flower; 3 and 4, column; 5, anther; 6, pol-

linia :—all enlarged.

M8. del JN Fitch ith

a a ae a Ht

Tas. 7269.

KNIPHOFIA pavcirtora.

Native of Natal.

Nat. Ord. Lit1acrz.—Tribe HEMEROCALLES.

Genus Kniruoria, Moench. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 775.)

Knirnorta pauciflora; fibris radicalibus gracilibus, foliis paucis linearibus

firmulis viridibus pedalibus vel sesquipedalibus utrinque acute carinatis

margine levibus, pedunculo erecto gracili foliis zquilongo, racemo laxo

paucifloro, pedicellis brevibus apice articulatis, bracteis lanceolatis

scariosis pedicellis equilongis, perianthio anguste infundibulayi_pallide

citrino, lobis brevibus ovatis obtusis, genitalibus omnibus demum distincte

exsertis. ;

K. pauciflora, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1885, p. 280; et in Gard. Chron. 1889,

vol. ii. p. 65, fig. 10.

Of late years the number of known species of Kniphofia

has increased very rapidly. In 1842, when Kunth mono-

graphed them in the fourth volume of his “ Enumeratio

Plantarum,” only seven species were known, and now they

have increased to forty. They occur, not only outside the

tropic in Cape Colony and Natal, but there are endemic

types in the mountains of Madagascar, Angola, Abyssinia,

and Zambesi-land. The present plant is readily distin-

ished by its slender habit, narrow leaves, lax racemes

and pale yellow flowers. It was first gathered in 1860 by

Mr. Sanderson, and was refound two years ago and intro-

duced into cultivation by Mr. J. Medley Wood, A.L.S.,

the energetic Superintendent of the Botanic Garden at

Durban. So far it has been grown at Kew under cover,

and has been irregular in its time of flowering. This year

it opened out first in March and flowered again in July.

Tt is doubtful whether it will prove hardy, but it is very

ornamental in a small pot in a cool conservatory. Our

drawing was made from a specimen that flowered in sum-

mer in the herbaceous department of the Royal Gardens.

Descr. Root-fibres slender. Leaves few to a tuft, linear,

green, firm, a foot or a foot and a half long at the flower-

ing time, tapering gradually to the point, acutely keeled

on both surfaces, not at all serrated on the margins.

DeEcEMBER lst, 1892.

Peduncle slender, terete, as long as the leaves. Raceme

lax, few-flowered, three or four inches long; flowers

drooping when expanded, pale lemon-yellow ; pedicels

short, articulated at the apex; bracts lanceolate, scariose,

as long as the pedicels. Perianth narrowly funnel-shaped,

under an inch long; lobes short, ovate, obtuse. Stamens

and style finally distinctly exserted ; anthers small, oblong.

—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Section of leaf; 2,a single flower; 3, front view of anther; 4, back

view of anther; 5, pistil; 6, apex of style :—all enlarged; 7, whole plant :—

much reduced.

L. Reeve, & C° Landon.

Tas. 7270.

AGANISIA tIonoprera.

Native of Peru.

Nat. Ord. Oncuipzm. Tribe VanpEz.

Genus Acanisia, Lindl. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 544.)

AGANIsia ionoptera; pseudobulbis coespitosis ovoideis monophyllis, folio

angusto elliptico-lanceolato acuminato 3-nervi, scapo elongato erecto-

simplici, floribus Jaxe racemosis coeruleis cernuis, bracteis parvis ovatis,

sepalis late ovatis subacutis violaceis apicibus albis, petalis consimilibus

sed minoribus deflexis, labelli albi lobis lateralibus auriculasformibus

sanguineo striatis terminali transverse oblongo lineis 2 concentricis san-

guineis notato, disco inter lobos laterales 2-calloso, polliniis glandulam

triangularem sessilibus.

A. ionoptera, Nichols. Dictionary of Gardening, vol. i. p. 35 (1885). Rolfe in

LTindenia, vol. vi. t. 287 (1891).

Koellensteinia ionoptera, Linden and Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1871, p. 1451.

The genus Aganisia was established by Lindley in the

Botanical Register (1839, Misc. No. 65, and 1840, t. 32)

on a single Demeraran species (A. pulchella). Lindley says

of the genus, “if its column were produced into a foot,

and the lower sepals unequal at the base, it would be a

Mazillaria.’’ To this are added by Bentham in the Genera

Plantarum, and Reichenbach in various publications, about

eight other species. As these present great differences in

habit, and have never yet been all brought together in one

work, I shall enumerate them here in the interest of

Orchidologists. They are:—1. The above-named A. pul-

chella with the pseudobulbous one-leaved habit of A.

ionoptera, but with long creeping rhizome, a short scape,

and white flowers with a yellow lip; the plant resembling

a small Owlogyne. 2. A. jfimbriata, Reichb. f. in Gard.

Chron. 1874, ii. 452 and 804, a native of Demerara, with

white petals, and a blue saccate fimbriate lip. 3. A. cwrulea,

Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1876, ii. p. 226, a blue-flowered

Brazilian species, also with a saccate fimbriate lip. 4. 4d.

lepida, Linden and Reichb. f. in Nov. Act. Nat. Cur, vol.

xxxv. pt. ii. (1876), p. 15, t. 5, and Beitr. Orchidk. p. 15,

Decempyr Ist, 1892.

t. 5, with one- or two-leaved pseudobulbs, and white?

flowers; it isa native of tropical America. 5. A. Oliveriana,

Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1878, vol. i. p. 558, from Brazil,

with pseudobulbs and blue flowers. 6. A. Kelneriana,

Benth. in Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 544, which is the type of

Reichenbach’s genus Koellensteinia, figured in his ‘* Xenia

Orchidacea,” t. 24. 7. A. cyanea (Warrea cyanea*, Lindl.

Bot Reg. 1844, Mise. No. 3; 1845, t. 28, Zygopetalum

tricolor, Lindl. I. c. 1846, sub t. 64), a native of New

Grenada, with the tufted leaves of A. graminea, no pseudo-

bulbs, white sepals and petals, and blue lip. 8. A. graminea,

Benth. 1. ¢. (Koellensteinia graminea, Reichb. f. in Bon-

plandia, vol. iv. p. 323 (1856); Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 6338 ;

_ Walp. Ann. vol. vi. p. 552; Maxillaria graminea, Lindl.

Bot. Reg. 1836, sub t. (1802); Promenwa graminea,

Lindl, l. c. 1848, Mise. 18), a Demeraran species with a

tufted habit, no pseudobulbs, tufted leaves, and small

yellow flowers. 9. A. venusta, Rolfe in Herb. Kew

(Zygopetalum venustum, Ridley in Trans. Linn. Soc. Ser.

u, Bot. vol. ii. p. 283), from Demerara.—The A. cyanea,

Reichb. f. in Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. xxxv. pt. ii. (1876) p. 18,

t. 4, is Acacallis cyanea, Lindl. Fol. Orchid., a closely allied

but much larger flowered genus.

A. ionoptera is a native of Peru, where it was found by

the collector Wallis, who sent it to Linden, from whom the

plant here figured was obtained at the International

Horticultural Exhibition of Brussels in 1891. It flowered

in the Royal Gardens in June, 1892.—J. D. H.

_Fig. 1, Lip and column; 2, side view of the same; 3, dorsal and ventral

view of anther; 4 and 5, pollinia :—adl enlarged.

* W. carnea, by misprint, in Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 544.

Vincertt Brooks,Day &Son Imp. :

L Reeve & Co L

MS. del, JN Fitch ith

Tas. 7271.

ALLOPLECTUS Lyycuzt.

Native of New Grenada?

Nat. Ord. Gesneracea.—Tribe CrrTaNDRER.

Genus AttopLectus, Vart.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1008.)

AttortEctus Lynchei; caule robusto, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis

- inequaliter crenato-serratis in petiolum brevem crassum angustatis supra

_ ‘flavo-viridibus costa nervisque sanguineis, subtus sanguineo-purpureis,

floribus confertis breviter pedicellatis, bracteis lanceolatis calyce breviori-

bus, calycis pilosi segmentis ovato-lanceolatis obtuse acuminatis pallide

carneis, corolle tubo subcylindraceo albo pilis rubris laxe villoso, gibbo ima

basi parvo, fauce vix constricta, lobis subeequalibus rotundatis patentibus

hae ate ciliatis, filamentorum tubo ovario styloque pilosis, stigmate

-lobo lobis rotundatis.

A beautiful species and very distinct from any hitherto

figured or described, as known to me. Its nearest ally is

perhaps A. tigrina (Heintzia tigrina, Tab. 4774), a native

of Venezuela, which has a similar broadly cylindric corolla-

tube with subequal rounded spreading lobes, but which

' differs in the long petioled leaves, solitary axillary longer

pedicelled flowers, in the very broad toothed calyx-seg-

ments with cordate bases, in the very short style with a

simple stigma, and in the colouring of both the foliage and

flowers. It also a good deal resembles A. semicordatus.

Poepp. and Endl. (Nov. Gen. and Sp. vol. iii. p. 5) a

Peruvian scarlet-leaved species, which has very coriaceous

or fleshy leaves, with long points, and very different cordate

__ Of Alloplectus there are about fifty recorded species, but

though affording good specific characters, they are difficult

to determine from herbarium specimens, owing to the

fleshy nature of the large bracts and calyx of most. Still

I have no difficulty in recognizing as A. Lynchei a dried

specimen of a plant which was sent to Kew without any

information in 1885; as also another received from Mr.

Lynch in 1890, with the information that it was introduced

__ by Linden ; and a third received from the late Sir George

_ Macleay. Mr. Lynch informs me that in his desire to

December Ist, 1892.

have the species determined he sent a specimen to Mr.

Linden, and that the name returned was that of a totally

different plant; and further, that he (Mr. Lynch) has very

recently received it from St. Petersburgh as Sznningia

purpurea, an equally impossible identification if the latter

is a true Sinningia, a genus with inferior ovary, a

tuberous rhizome and five glands on the disc.

Under these circumstances I have ventured to describe

the present plant as. new, and to name it after Mr. Lynch,

through whose good offices this and so many other fine

plants have been sent to me from the Cambridge Botanical

Gardens, for figuring in the Boranroan Macazins. There

are good specimens of it at Kew, of which Mr. Watson

informs me the leaves become red purple on both surfaces.

The plant here figured flowered in the Cambridge

Botanical Gardens in July of the present year.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Corolla; 2, base of ditto, laid open, with stamens; 3 and 4, anthers;

5, disk, gland, and ovary with style and stigma :—all enlarged.