T

.Mfe

FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

FOUNDED BY MARSHALL FIELD, 1893

PUBLICATION 352

BOTANICAL SERIES VOL. XI, No. 5

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS— VI

BY

PAUL C. STANDLEY

ASSOCIATE CURATOR OF THE HERBARIUM, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY

B. E. DAHLGREN

CURATOR, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY

EDITOR

CHICAGO, U.S.A.

FEBRUARY 10, 1936

FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

FOUNDED BY MARSHALL FIELD, 1893

PUBLICATION 352

BOTANICAL SERIES VOL. XI, No. 5

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS— VI

BY

PAUL C. STANDLEY

ASSOCIATE CURATOR OF THE HERBARIUM, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY

THE LIBRARY OF THE

B. E. DAHLGREN

CURATOR, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY £) |

EWTOR UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS

CHICAGO, U.S.A.

FEBRUARY 10, 1936

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OP AMERICA

BY FIELD MUSEUM PRESS

FB

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS— VI

PAUL C. STANDLEY

Like some of the former papers of this series, the present one

is devoted principally to studies of tropical American and especially

South American Rubiaceae. During past years the writer has

been fortunate in having temporarily for study several thousand

sheets of South American plants of this family, lent to Field Museum

of Natural History by European herbaria.

The most important of these sendings came from the Delessert

Herbarium of Geneva, through the kindness of Dr. J. I. Briquet.

This loan consisted largely of material already more or less critically

determined, and while it did not reveal many novelties, it supplied

numerous species that the writer never had seen previously, and

consequently it facilitated a more accurate determination of certain

material in the herbarium of Field Museum and of that received

from other institutions.

Other sendings of large extent were received, as noted in the

last preceding paper of the present series, from the following Euro-

pean herbaria: Botanical Garden and Museum, Berlin-Dahlem,

through the courtesy of the Director, Dr. L. Diels, and of Dr. K.

Krause, custodian of the Rubiaceae of the Berlin Museum; Riks-

museet, Botaniska Afdelning, Stockholm, lent by Dr. Gunnar

Samuelsson; Museum of Natural History, Paris, through the Director;

v5 Jardin Principal Botanique, Leningrad, submitted by the Director,

> and through the interest of Dr. Georges Woronow; Royal Botanic

^ Gardens, Kew, transmitted by the Director, Sir Arthur W. Hill.

These loans were composed almost wholly of undetermined Rubia-

I ceae, and they amounted to many hundreds of sheets. Although

__ consisting largely of recent collections, they included, especially

the shipments from Leningrad, Kew, and Paris, innumerable old

^" specimens, some of which were collected more than a century ago.

These, after having remained so long without critical attention,

-^ were found to be almost as rich in new species as the more recent

collections submitted by Stockholm and Berlin.

To the curators of the herbaria mentioned the writer wishes

"•* to express his sincere thanks for the loan of so much valuable and

taxonomically interesting material, whose shipment to Chicago

^5 involved a great amount of clerical and other labor. This, it is to

145

U.

146 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

be hoped, has been repaid in part by the determinations added to

the sheets. The loans are an illustration of the fine spirit of cooper-

ation shown in recent years by the curators of European herbaria

to American students of the tropical American flora.

There have been received from the United States National

Herbarium, through Dr. William R. Maxon and Ellsworth P.

Killip, duplicates and unique specimens obtained by various recent

expeditions, which, naturally enough, contained Rubiaceae that

were new or otherwise important. The collection richest in this

respect was the one made recently in Brazil and Venezuela by

E. G. Holt.

Further study of the Peruvian series of Dr. A. Weberbauer,

G. Tessmann, and Llewelyn Williams has discovered additional

new species of Rubiaceae, especially from the Amazon Valley.

Evidently that region of Peru is still far from exhaustion botanically.

Likewise, the older collections procured in Colombia by Triana,

Goudot, and others have added to the list of Rubiaceae already

published for that country by the writer.

Whoever inspects the two unwieldy volumes of the Flora Brasi-

liensis that are devoted to the Rubiaceae may believe that the

rubiaceous flora of Brazil is well known, but the extensive recent

gatherings from that country represented at Stockholm, Kew,

Berlin, and elsewhere, lead one to suspect that the end is not yet

in sight. Western Brazil, still practically unknown, undoubtedly

will add hundreds of undescribed Rubiaceae to embarrass the

student of the Brazilian flora.

The relatively few pages devoted here to plants other than

Rubiaceae are occupied with notes and descriptions of plants of

miscellaneous groups. A number of new Peruvian Amaranthaceae

are described.

GRAMINEAE

Luziola Spruceana Benth. — This aquatic grass has not been

reported from Central America or from continental North America.

A single collection has been seen by the writer: Honduras: Lake

Yojoa, Pi to Solo, alt. 600 meters, growing in 1 meter of water, J. B.

Edwards AQ4.

CYCLANTHACEAE

Carludovica Williamsii, sp. nov. — Terrestris; folia graciliter

petiolata, lamina basi acute attenuata fere ad basin bifida, segmentis

linearibus integris longe attenuatis 35-40 cm. longis 1-1.5 cm. latis

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 147

suberectis c. 8-nerviis et valde plicatis, lamina simplicinervia;

pedunculus gracilis 20 cm. longus et ultra rectus vel paullo flexuosus;

spathae 2 c. 7 cm. longae oblongo-lanceolatae longiattenuatae;

spadix parvus oblongus crasse 5-8 mm. longe stipitatus c. 2 cm. longus

et 8 mm. latus pauciflorus. — Peru: San Roque, Dept. San Martin,

alt. 1,400 meters, January 16, 1930, growing in humid loam on

stream banks, the plants about 45 cm. high, Llewelyn Williams 7477

(herb. Field Mus. No. 621,023, type).

Vernacular name, "yacu-sisa."

BROMELIACEAE

Pitcairnia puypides L. B. Smith, sp. nov., e fragmentis solum

cognita, valida, verisimiliter plus quam metralis: fpliis 9 dm. longis;

vagina late ovata, 7 cm. longa, atro-castanea, lucida, supra glabra,

subtus dissite minuteque sordido-floccosa; lamina lineari-lanceolata,

acuminata, 33 mm. lata, ad basin versus paulo attenuata sed vix

petiolata, spinis rectis gracilibus atro-castaneis ad 3 mm. longis

dense armata, pungenti, mox glabra: scapo erecto, 15 mm. diametro,

subglabro; scapi bracteis suberectis, foliaceis, densissime imbricatis:

inflorescentia composita, minutissime floccosa, mox glabra: racemis

laxe florigeris, 15-21 cm. longis; rhachi valida, ea racemprum

lateralium ad basin versus valde complanata; bracteis florigeris

ovatis, acuminatis, quam pedicelli subduplo brevioribus; floribus

suberectis vel divergentibus; pedicellis gracilibus, 15-20 mm. longis;

sepalis asymmetrice ovatis, acutis, 24 mm. longis, 8 mm. latis, crasse

coriaceis; petalis ligulatis, 6 cm. longis, nudis, lacteis; staminibus

inclusis; ovario pyramidato, % supero; ovulis caudatis. — Peru: San

Martin, epiphytic in forest, Zepelacio, near Moyobamba, alt.

1,200-1,600 meters, 1934, Klug 3547 (Gray Herb., type).

In Mez's key to Pitcairnia in the Pflanzenreich this species comes

next to P. tarapotensis, but is utterly different in floral details and

in habit. In fact, the stout habit, coarse broad sepals, and large

whitish petals are much more reminiscent of the genus Puya than

of a typical Pitcairnia like P. tarapotensis. However, the partially

inferior ovary and caudate-appendaged ovules place it definitely in

Pitcairnia.

PIPERACEAE

Piper san-juananum Trelease, sp. nov. — Frutex?, internodiis

fertilibus brevibus et crassiusculis laxe pallido-villosis; folia oblique

lanceolato-elliptica acute acuminata, basi inaequilatera et pbtusa

vulgo uno latere cordulata, 12-16 cm. longa 4-6.5 cm. lata e dimidio

inferiore penninervia, rugosa, supra basibus pilorum mollium alborum

scabra, nervis subtus hirsutis; petiolus 1 cm. longus subtus villosus,

tantum ad basin vaginans; spicae 80-90 mm. longae 3 mm. crassae

acuminatae pallidae; pedunculus fere nullus 2 mm. longus et 2

mm. crassus plus minusve pilosus; bracteae rotundato-subpeltatae;

148 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

baccae oblongae; stigmata 3, minuta. — Salvador: San Juan de

Tepezontes, in 1929, Dr. Salvador Calderon 2539 (herb. Field Mus.

No. 603,261, type).

Piper tepezontesense Trelease, sp. nov. — Frutex?, plus minusve

nodosus, nervis subtus puberulis exceptis glaber, internodiis fertilibus

subgracilibus breviusculis; folia elliptica subcaudato-acuminata basi

acuta, 12-15 cm. longa 5-7.5 cm. lata, e dimidio inferiore pennineryia,

in statu sicco modice tenuia et obscure rugosa, supra lucido-viridia

subtus pallidiora; petiolus circa 10 mm. longus tantum ad basin

vaginans striato-puberulus; spicae 80-120 mm. longae 3 mm. crassae,

acuminato-mucronatae; pedunculi breves vix 5 mm. longi; bracteae

lunulato-subpeltatae; baccae subquadratae umbilicatae; stigmata 3

sessilia. — Salvador: San Juan de Tepezontes, in 1929, Dr. Salvador

Calderdn 2548 (herb. Field Mus. No. 603,259, type); also JVo. 2541

from the same locality.

OLACACEAE

Heisteria eurycarpa, sp. nov. — Frutex omnino glaber, ramulis

gracillimis subteretibus brunneis, internodiis 1.5-3 cm. longis; folia

parva petiplata tenuiter coriacea lucida, petiolo gracili 7-10 mm.

longo; lamina elliptica vel oblongo-elliptica 4-9 cm. longa 2.5-4 cm.

lata abrupte anguste acuminata, acumine attenuate obtuso, basi

rotundata vel obtusa, supra in sicco luteovirens, venis prominulis,

subtus paullo pallidior, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere c. 5-6 gracilibus prominentibus angulo semirecto

adscendentibus arcuatis remotiuscule a margine conjunctis, nervulis

prominulis arete reticulatis; flores in axillis dense fasciculati numerosi,

pedicellis crassiusculis 2-4 mm. longis (in statu fructifero usque ad

12 mm.); calyx c. 1 mm. latus 5-dentatus, dentibus triangularibus

acutis; corolla in alabastro globoso-ovoidea apice late obtusa; calyx

fructifer ut videtur viridis abrupte reflexa et campanuliformis 7-10

mm. longus breviter 5-lobus, lobis late triangularibus obtusis; drupa

depresso-globosa in sicco brunnea lucida c. 11 mm. lata et 8 mm.

alta, apice subtruncata, fere laevis.^ — Peru: La Victoria, on the

Amazon River, Dept. Loreto, in forest, August 23, 1929, Llewelyn

Williams 2719 (herb. Field Mus. No. 616,865, type).

Because of the form of its fruit, this Peruvian plant is clearly

a relative of Heisteria pallida Engler, which was described from

Tarapoto. In that species the leaves are acute at the base, the

pedicels in flower are 5-10 mm. long, and the fruit is globose.

POLYGONACEAE

Coccoloba Williamsii, sp. nov. — Arbor vel arbuscula, ramulis

crassis pallidis teretibus, internodiis brevibus glabris; ochreae amplae

plus minusve pubescentes usque ad 3 cm. longae; folia magna

subcoriacea, petiolo 0.8-3 cm. longo minute puberulo vel glabro;

lamina ovalis, oblongo-ovalis vel oblongo-elliptica 12-20 cm. longa

7-12 cm. lata, apice obtusa vel rotundata et interdum breviter

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 149

acuminato-producta, rarius acuta, basi plus minusve obliqua rotun-

data et interdum breviter emarginata, rare pbtusa vel acutiuscula,

supra in sicco fusca glabra venulis vix prominulis arete reticulatis,

subtus fere concolor ad costam nervosque puberula vel serius fere

omnino glabra, nervis yalde elevatis angulp 45-60° abeuntibus,

venulis prominulis arctissime reticulatis; inflorescentia simplex

breviter pedunculata 20-25 cm. longa nodulis 1-3-floris, rhachi

dense puberula vel pilosa, bracteis c. 2 mm. Ipngis, pchreolis bilobis

2.5-3 mm. longis, pedicellis in anthesi ochreolis brevioribus, in statu

fructifero usque ad 4.5 mm. longis; fructus purpureus late ovoideo-

globosus 5-6 mm. diam., lobis late ovatis accrescentibus perianthii

inclusus. — Peru: Lower Rio Huallaga, Dept. Loreto, alt. 200 meters,

in 1929, Llewelyn Williams 4803 (herb. Field Mus. No. 626,525,

type). Yurimaguas, in forest, Williams 4597; Killip & Smith 28304.

Lower Rio Nanay, Williams 673. Caballo Cocha, in forest, Williams

2423.

"Palo meta-caspi, Tangarana mashau." Reported by Killip

and Smith as a scandent shrub. Related to C. caracasana Meissn.,

a species of the northern coast of South America, and of Central

America.

Eriogonum hieracifolium Benth. f. atropurpureum, forma

nov. — A forma typica non nisi perianthio atropurpureo differt.—

Texas: Chisos Mountains, August 23, 1931, C. H. Mueller 7977

(herb. Field Mus. No. 655,295, type).

In the typical form of the species, represented by Mueller 7978

from the same locality, the perianth is bright yellow. The collector

reports that in the Chisos Mountains the dark-flowered form is the

more common one.

AMARANTHACEAE

Amaranthus Haughtii, sp. nov. — Herba annua erecta stricta

20-60 cm. alta fere omnino glabra, ramis paucis suberectis crassius-

culis pallidis; folia tenuia pallide viridia longipetiolata alterna,

petiolo gracillimo 1-3 cm. longo; lamina lanceolato-linearis usque

ad ovato-elliptica vulgo 2.5-7 cm. longa 4-18 mm. lata, apice obtusa

vel apicem anguste rotundatum versus sensim angustata, spinuloso-

mucronata, basi acuta vel saepius basin versuslonge sensim attenuata,

praecipue subtus albido-puncticulata, nervis subtus prominenti-

bus paucis pallidis, marginibus saepe plus minusve crispatis vel

undulatis; flores dioeci glomerati, glomerulis parvis multifloris

sessilibus axillaribus et quoque in spicas terminales densas usque

ad 5 cm. longas et 4-7 mm. latas dispositis; bracteae ovatae acutae

vel acuminatae spinulpso-mucronatae, vulgo sepalis femineis bre-

viores, sepalis masculis aequilongae vel paullp longiores; sepala

floris masculi 5 oblonga acuta vel breviter acuminata hyalina saepe

mucronata fere 2 mm. longa; sepala floris feminei 5 late obovato-

spathulata 2-2.5 mm. longa scariosa pinnatinervia apice late rotun-

150 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

data vel subtruncata supra extrorsum curvata, inferne urceolata,

nervis viridibus; utriculus compresso-globosus sepalis multo brevior

laevis apice tridentatus prope medium circumscisse dehiscens; semen

fusco-brunneum compressum lucidum fere 1 mm. diam. — Peru:

Parinas Valley, Dept. Piura, March 18, 1929, Oscar Haught F147

(herb. Field Mus. No. 589,332, type), F148; 221 and 227 (U. S.

Nat. Herb.). Talara, Dept. Piura, along sandy draws and on cliff

talus, October, 1925, Ivan M. Johnston 3509. Without locality,

Weberbauer 5960.

The plant is not closely related to any other species known from

South America. Its affinities are with Amaranthus Torreyi (Gray)

Benth., of the western United States.

Gomphrena oroyana, sp. nov. — Planta nana perennis e radice

crassa elongata verticali e basi multiramosa, caulibus 2-5 cm. longis

gracilibus ut videtur adscendentibus densiuscule foliatis pilis longis-

simis laxis albis adscendentibus dense pilosis; folia radicalia longe

petiolata, lamina obovata c. 12 mm. longa glabrata obtusa vel acu-

tiuscula viridi; folia caulina parva subpatentia petiolata, petiolo

2-3 mm. longo amplexicauli marginato, lamina elliptico-oblonga

usque ad late ovata, elliptica vel rotundato-ovata 3-6 mm. longa

et saepe fere aequilata, obtusa vel acutiuscula, basi acuta vel interdum

rotundata, supra paljide viridi primo sparse pilosa mox glabrata,

subtus pilis longis albis laxis sparse pilosa vel cito glabrata, crassius-

cula, nervis obscuris vel obsoletis; capitula terminalia multiflora

densa alba vix nitentia subglobosa et c. 8 mm. lata brevissime pedun-

culata basi nuda, pedunculo vulgo 2-5 mm. longo; bracteae late

ovatae acutae vel obtusae hyalinae glabrae albae; bracteolae sepalis

aequilongae late ovatae concavae obtusae hyalinae albae glabrae;

sepala 3 mm. longa ovato-oblonga obtusa diaphana alba subenervia

supra glabra prope basin dense lanata; androecium sepalis fere

aequilongum, tubo staminum elongate, filamentis triangulari-

oblongis tubo fere aequilongis, lobis lateralibus obsoletis. — Peru:

Vicinity of Oroya, A. S. Kalenborn 89 (U. S. Nat. Herb., type;

fragm. in herb. Field Mus.). Oroya, November, 1924, F. L. Stevens

6 (U. S. Nat. Herb.).

An outstanding species, not very closely related to any other

of the Andean region. It bears a slight resemblance to G. Meyeniana

Walp., but that has scapose stems.

Alternanthera asterophora, sp. nov. — Frutex 2-metralis

ramosus, ramis crassiusculis teretibus dense stellato-tomentosis,

tomento adpresso fulvo vel lutescente, internodiis elongatis; folia

majuscula petiolata, petiolis gracilibus plerumque 1-1.5 cm. longis

tomentosis; lamina late ovata, late elliptica vel rotundato-ovata

3-6.5 cm. longa 2-6 cm. lata, apice obtusa, rotundata vel rarius

acutiuscula, basi acuta usque ad truncata, utrinque subtus densius

stellatp-tomentosa, supra interdum glabrata, tomento e pilulis

stellatis vel hispidulis lutescentibus subadpressis composite, nervis

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 151

subtus prominentibus gracilibus; capitula straminea laxe paniculata

nuda globosa yel breviter oblonga 12-15 mm. lata terminalia,

pedunculis rigidis rectis trifidis, capitulis 1-2 cm. longe pedunculatis;

bracteae et bracteolae sepalis triple breviores late ovatae obtusae

vel acutae pilosulae vel glabratae; flores breviter stipitati, stipite c.

1 mm. longo piloso; sepala 5-6 mm. longa anguste oblonga versus

apicem obtusum angustata apiculata tenuiter pilosa vel supra

glabrata trinervia, marginibus tenuibus pallidis; staminodia fila-

mentis longiora ligulata apice laciniato-dentata. — Peru: Valley of

Rio Mantaro below Colcabamba, Dept. Huancavelica, alt. 1,700-

1,800 meters, May, 1913, A. Weberbauer 6464 (herb. Field Mus.

No. 621,515, type; duplicate in U. S. Nat. Herb.).

A member of the subgenus Mogiphanes, but unique in its close

dense pubescence of yellowish, stellate or hispidulous hairs.

Alternanthera calcicola, sp. nov. — Herba perennis basi

suffruticosa ramosa, ramis brevibus et suberectis vel elongatis et

procumbentibus subrigidis dense stellato-tcmentosis vel serius

glabratis, internodiis brevibus vel elongatis; folia crassa subsessilia

vel usque ad 3 mm. longe petiolata, lamina lanceolato-oblonga

usque ad rotundato-elliptica 8-22 mm. longa 3-13 mm. lata apice

obtusa vel rotundata basi acutiuscula vel rotundata et abrupte

decurrente, utrinque subtus densius stellato-tomentosa, tomento

albido adpresso, nervis obscuris, marginibus saepe revolutis; capitula

stramineo-alba globosa vel breviter oblonga 6 mm. lata, terminalia

plerumque triglomerata et sessilia, glomerulis paucis usque ad 4 cm.

longe pedunculatis sed vulgo pedunculis c. 5 mm. longis stipatis,

nudis; bracteae et bracteolae sepalis vix breviores glabrae ovatae

acuminatae et saepe mucronatae albae, interioribus paullo angus-

tioribus; sepala glabra 2.5 mm. longa yel paullo ultra ovato-oblonga

alba obtusa vel acutiuscula et brevissime mucronulata, supra valde

costata, inferne obscure tricostulata; staminodia filamentis longiora

ligulata apice profunde laciniata. — Peru: La Oroya, Dept. Junin,

alt. 3,600 meters, on limestone cliff ledges, May-June, 1922, Macbriae

& Featherstone 944 (herb. Field Mus. No. 517,472, type; duplicate

in U. S. Nat. Herb.). Huariaca, 2,850 meters, shrubby canycn side,

Macbride 8110.

The relationship of this species is probably with Alternanthera

paniculata HBK., but that is a larger plant with paniculate heads,

and with altogether different pubescence.

Alternanthera Macbridei, sp. nov. Telanthera lupulina Moq.

in DC. Prodr. 13, pt. 2: 374. 1849, as to description, excluding most

of the synonymy, not Alternanthera lupulina HBK. Achyranthes

lactea Pa von ex Moq., loc. cit. in syn.

Peru: Chinchao, Ruiz & Pavdn (photo, of specimen of A. lactea

ex. herb. Berol.). La Oroya, Macbride & Featherstone 967; Rose

18704 (U. S. Nat. Herb.); Kalenborn 121 (U. S.). La Quinhua,

152 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

Macbride & Featherstone 2027. Near Huancayo, Killip & Smith

23355. Rio Blanco, Killip & Smith 21708.

I have seen a photograph of type material of Alternanthera

lupulina HBK., as represented in the Berlin herbarium; it is an

altogether different plant from this one, and agrees perfectly with

Kunth's original description. There may have been a mixture

in the Humboldt and Bonpland material distributed as Alternan-

thera lupulina, although Moquin apparently had not seen an authen-

tic specimen, and must have identified the name from description.

As type of Alternanthera Macbridei may be designated Macbride

& Featherstone 967, as represented on sheet No. 517,495 of the

herbarium of Field Museum. The species is an exceptionally well-

marked one, easy of recognition by the red-blotched leaves sub-

tending the cluster of sessile terminal heads.

Alternanthera piurensis, sp. nov. — Ut videtur herba sub-

scandens ramosa, ramis gracilibus fusco-ferrugineis glabris vel

noyellis sparse breviter patenti-pilosis, internodiis valde elongatis;

folia breviter petiolata tenuia in sicco fusca, petiolo gracili 3-6 mm.

longo; lamina ovata vel elliptico-ovata 1.5-4 cm. longa 1-2 cm. lata

longe acuminata vel abrupte cuspidato-acuminata basi vulgo obtusa

vel subrotundata et abrupte decurrens, utrinque sparse pilis longis

albidis laxis patentibus pilosa, nervis obscuris; capitula in paniculas

laxas foliatas disposita, stramineo-alba, globosa c. 1 cm. diam.,

axillaria et terminalia, lateralibus simplicibus vel triglomeratis,

terminalibus vulgo triglomeratis, omnibus sessilibus vel breviter

pedunculatis, pedunculis vix 5 mm. longis, glomerulis basi saepe

foliaceo-bracteatis, bracteis plerumque capitulis brevioribus; bracteae

et bracteolae late ovatae sepalis plus quam duplo breviores acutae

vel acuminatae et breviter aristato-mucronatae, glabrae vel ad

costam prominentem sparse pilosae; sepala lineari-oblonga c. 5 mm.

longa glabra acuta vel breviter acuminata erecta fere enervia, costa

obscura; staminodia linearia filamentis longiora apice lineari-

laciniata, antheris linearibus 1.2 mm. longis. — Peru: Below Ayavaca,

Dept. Piura, alt. 2,600 meters, May, 1912, A. Weberbauer 6358

(herb. Field Mus. No. 621,564, type; duplicate in U. S. Nat. Herb.).

Related to A. paniculata HBK., which differs in its usually

densely pubescent leaves, somewhat smaller flowers, and long-

pedunculate axillary flower heads which never are bracted at the base.

Iresine Macbridei, sp. nov.— Suffrutex erectus vel subscan-

dens, ramis stramineis vel brunnescentibus gracilibus obtuse angu-

latis laxe pilis longis albis tomentosis vel glabratis ad nodos dense

villosis; folia breviter petiolata crassiuscula, petiolo crassiusculo

3-6 mm. longo villoso; lamina ovata vel ovato-oblonga 6-8 cm.

longa 2.5-4 cm. lata longiuscule acuminata basi obtusa et saepe bre-

viter decurrens, supra viridis, pilis longis laxissimis pilosa vel serius

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 153

glabrata et aspera, subtus paullo pallidior, ubique dense longissime

pilis plus minusve patentibus laxis pilosa vel serius glabrata, costa

pallida crassa elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 8 promi-

nentibus angulo acuto adscendentibus; flores dioeci, panicula termi-

nal! basi foliata ampla laxa multiflora c. 25 cm. longa et fere aequilata,

ramis laxe tomentosis gracilibus patentibus vel adscendentibus;

spiculae femineae albidae vel stramineae obtusae globosae vel

breviter oblongae 4 mm. diam. sessiles vel breviter pedunculatae;

bracteae ovato-rotundatae acutae sparse villosae, bracteolis duplo

longioribus acutis; sepala floris feminei oblonga acuta scariosa

2 mm. longa basi pilis longis albis pilosa, pilis sepalis duplo vel

triple longioribus. — Peru: Huacapistana, Dept. Junin, open hillside,

alt. 1,800-2,400 meters, June, 1929, E. P. Killip & A. C. Smith

24207 (herb. Field Mus. No. 613,778, type); alt. 1,800 meters,

sunny shrubby canyon side, September, 1923, J. Francis Macbride

5823.

So many untenable species have been described in the group

of Iresine Celosia L. that it is scarcely commendable to add to

the number another that may have no better claims to specific

rank. The present plant differs from all specimens of that species

in the pubescence of the leaves, consisting of very long and slender,

soft, laxly spreading hairs. This is most marked in the type speci-

men. The second collection cited evidently represents the same

species, but this is a rather weathered plant, in which most of the

hairs have been abraded. A few characteristic long hairs still persist,

however, along the costa.

NYCT AGIN ACE AE

Pisonia aculeata L. — The following collection of this common

plant is listed here because of the local name that accompanies

it: Mexico: Fortin, Veracruz, February, 1883, E. Kerber 274 (herb.

Leningrad). Vernacular name, "xuchil."

Tprrubia Snethlagei, sp. nov. — Frutex 4-5-metralis, ramulis

crassiusculis subteretibus vel subangulatis, vetustioribus griseis

vel brunnescentibus, novellis fuscis hinc inde ferrugineo-villosulis

vel fere glabris, internodiis brevibus; folia opposita fere sessilia

crasse coriacea et plus minusve carnosa, petiolo crasso vix 2 mm.

longo; lamina rotundata usque ad ovalis vel rotundato-elliptica

2-4.5 cm. longa 1.5-3.5 cm. lata obtusa vel rotundata basi rotundata

vel saepius breviter cordata, supra sublucida enervia glabra, subtus

glabra, costa prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 4

obscuris angulo latiusculo adscendentibus, nervulis obsoletis, margine

plus minusve revoluto; inflorescentiae masculae paucae graciliter

2-3.5 cm. longe pedunculatae cymosae pauciflorae c. 1 cm. latae

basi brevissime trichotomae, ramis brevissimis sparse ferrugineo-

villosulis vel fere glabris, bracteis minutis ovatis obtusis persistentibus

154 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

vix 1 mm. longis, floribus sessilibus; perianthium obconicum 3 mm.

longum extus obscure ferrugineo-puberulum vel glabratum ore

c. 2 mm. latum obscure brevissime obtuso-lobulatum basi acutum

brunnescenti-flavum; stamina c. 5 longe exserta, antheris didymis

0.5 mm. longis. — Brazil: Maranhao, Sao Luiz, Olho d'Agua, strand,

July 31, 1923, H. Snethlage 152 (herb. Field Mus. No. 618,902,

type; duplicate in herb. Berol.).

A plant of distinctive leaf form, remarkable in the genus for

the thick and somewhat fleshy texture of the leaves.

Cyphomeris crassifolia Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 13:

428. 1911. Senkenbergia crassifolia Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb.

12: 373. 1909.

The species was described from Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico,

and has been reported also from the state of Nuevo Leon. The

following specimen furnishes a new state record: Tamaulipas:

Limestone ledges, La Tamaulipeca, July, 1930, H. H. Bartlett

10583.

Neea parviflora Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 46. 1838.

Heretofore this plant has been known only from Peru, being rather

common in the Amazonian region of that country. It may be re-

ported now for Colombia: Colombia: Umbria, Comisaria del Putu-

mayo, 325 meters, in forest, Klug 1955. Vernacular name, "yana

muco." The leaves are chewed by the Indians, making their teeth

black but preserving them. These Indians have very sound and

strong teeth. Yana signifies black, muco chew (Klug}.

Mirabilis ciliatifolia (Weatherby), comb. nov. Attionia ciliata

Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 12: 345. 1909. Oxybaphus ciliati-

folius Weatherby, Proc. Amer. Acad. 49 : 492. 1913. M. ciliata Standl.

Field Mus. Bot. 8: 306. 1931, non Meigen, 1893.

Miss Winifred E. Burrell of the Gray Herbarium has been so

kind as to inform me that the name Mirabilis ciliata already had

been published by Meigen in 1893, and therefore can not be used

for the plant of the United States. Its publication had been over-

looked when making recently the new and invalid combination,

based upon Allionia ciliata Standl.

RANUNCULACEAE

Ranunculus Salasii, sp. npv. — Herba perennis, radicibus fasci-

culatis gracilibus sed plus minusve incrassatis elongatis; caules

uniflori (?) c. 18 cm. longi suberecti striati praesertim supra pilis

paucis gracilibus adscendentibus induti, prope medium folio solitario

longipetiolato onusti et paullo infra apicem bracteas 2 foliaceas

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 155

oblongo-lineares 7-8 mm. longas gerentes; folia basilaria longissime

petiolata membranacea, petiolo gracillimo 8.5 cm. longo sparsissime

pilis longissimis mollibus piloso; lamina reniformi vel semirotunda

c. 13 mm. longa et 17 mm. lata apice late rotundata, basi profunde

aperte cordata, grosse obtuse dentata, dentibus apice plus minusve

incrassatis, supra glabra yel glabrata, subtus sparse pilis longissimis

subadpressis pilosa, dentibus dense longiciliatis, lamina folii caulini

simili basi truncata; sepala ovalia obtusa 5 mm. longa extus densius-

cule adpresso-pilosa; petala tantum imperfecta visa lutea ut videtur

ovalia conspicue venosa; cetera ignota. — Guatemala: Cumbres del

Choi, Dept. Huehuetenango, alt. 3,100 meters, April, 1931, J. G.

Salas 1410 (herb. Field Mus. No. 647,687, type).

The species is based upon a single small plant, whose flower

is imperfect and immature. It is altogether unlike any of the few

species of Ranunculus known from Central America, nor have I been

able to find a very close relative among the Mexican species. It

was included in a small but highly interesting collection of plants

made on the high mountains of Guatemala by Seiior Salas, who

has obtained so many unusual plants previously in the mountain

regions of Guatemala.

Ranunculus testiculatus Crantz. — Utah: In dry soil near the

mouth of Mill Creek Canyon, Salt Lake County, alt. 1,350 meters,

May 8, 1932, A. 0. Garrett 6100. Of this plant Professor Garrett

states that he found "quite a colony" of it, growing near Salt Lake

City. It is a native of southeastern Europe and of Siberia and other

regions of western Asia. In general appearance it is altogether

unlike the more familiar forms of the genus Ranunculus, and it and

related species sometimes have been maintained as a separate

genus, under the name Ceratocephalus, the present species being

known to some authors as Ceratocephalus orthoceras DC. The plant

is an interesting addition to the flora of Utah, and possibly to that

of the United States.

Ranunculus testiculatus has been treated by some botanists

as a variety of R. falcatus L., but recent authorities seem to regard

the two as distinct species. Certainly they appear so to the casual

observer.

AN ON ACE AE

Rollinia mexicana, sp. nov. — Ramuli graciles subteretes dense

pilis brevibus adscendentibus vel subpatentibus brunnescentibus

mollibus pilosi; folia alterna magna crasse herbacea breviter petio-

lata, petiolo crassiusculo 8-11 mm. longo tereti dense breviter pilosulo;

lamina oblonga vel anguste elliptico-oblonga 12.5-20 cm. longa 5-8.5

cm. lata abrupte brevi-acuminata, acumine attenuate obtuso, basi

156 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

late obtusa vel subrotundata, supra cinereo-viridis, praesertim ad

venas pilosula vel glabrata, subtus vix pallidior, ubique dense

velutino-pilosula, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere c. 19 gracilibus prominentibus angulo lato adscendentibus sub-

arcuatis nervulis prominulis laxe reticulatis; pedunculi infra-axillares

et oppositifolii graciles recti c. 4.5 cm. longi dense breviter brunneo-

pilosuli; sepala extus dense ferrugineo-tomentosa e basi latissime

triangulari abrupte acuta c. 3 mm. longa et 5 mm. lata; petala

late ovali-oblonga recte patentia densissime ferrugineo-tomentosa

1 cm. longa et 6 mm. lata apice late rotundata crassa.— Mexico:

Tuspango, Valley of Cordoba, Veracruz, June, 1865-66, Bourgeau

2448 (herb. Leningrad, type). Zacuapam, Veracruz, along creek,

June, 1931, C. A. Purpus 15399.

Probably this is the plant that has been reported from Mexico

as the West Indian Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill. (see Contr. U. S.

Nat. Herb. 23: 280), but in the classification of the genus proposed

by Safford it is referable rather to the group (Journ. Wash. Acad.

Sci. 6: 375. 1916) containing R. deliciosa Safford and R. Jimenezii

Safford. Rollinia mexicana is represented by rather inadequate

material, but it appears to be amply distinct from all the Central

American species of the genus. It is noteworthy for the very dense

and soft pubescence of the lower leaf surface.

HERNANDIACEAE

Hernandia guianensis Aubl. — When the text of the Trees and

Shrubs of Mexico (Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23 : 298) was prepared,

only a single specimen of this species was available. Another one,

likewise sterile, may now be placed on record: Colipa, Veracruz,

July, 1841, Karwinsky (L.). Vernacular name, "palo de chicalpexte."

ROSACEAE

Crataegus uniflora Muench. — This species, which happens to

be one of the few members of the genus which can be recognized

by those who have not devoted their lives to study of the trivial

variations of the group, has not been recorded from Mexico,

although it ranges from the southeastern United States into Texas.

The specimens cited below, so far as the writer can determine,

differ in no essential respect, if in any, from others collected in the

southeastern United States. They illustrate a considerable ex-

tension of range for the species. Mexico: Near crest of the range

above Mesa de Tierra, Sierra de San Carlos, Tamaulipas, July,

1930, H. H. Bartlett 10255, 10259.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 157

Primus Zinggii, sp. nov. — Arbor, ramis vetustioribus nigrescen-

tibus vel fusco-ferrugineis, lenticellis paucis pallidis conspersis,

noyellis dense velutine ferrugineo-pilosulis, internodiis brevibus;

folia alterna breviter petiolata firme membranacea mediocria, petiolo

crassiusculo 5-10 mm. longo dense pilosulo; lamina oblonga 6-11

cm. longa 2.8-4.5 cm. lata acuta vel obtusa basi obtusa yel anguste

rotundata integra vel subundulata, supra in sicco lucida griseo-viridis,

venis subimpressis, subtus fere concolor molliter pilis pallide ferru-

gineis pilosa vel serius glabra, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere c. 7; racemi solitarii ad nodos defoliates annotinos

inserti sessiles sublaxi multiflori 3-5 cm. longi, rhachi crassiuscula

angulata sparse pilosa, bracteis linearibus brunnescentibus pedicellis

brevioribus, pedicellis pilosis 2-3 mm. longis crassiusculis ; hypan-

thium late semiglobosum pilis longiusculis pilosum 3 mm. latum,

dentibus calycinis oblongo-triangularibus vel deltoideis obtusis

erectis viridibus; petala alba late rotundata brevissime unguiculata

1.5-2 mm. longa glabra; stamina vix exserta. — Mexico: Mountains

of southern Chihuahua, winter of 1930-31, Robert M. Zingg A34

(herb. Field Mus. No. 641,574, type).

Vernacular name, "huaparin." The leaf blades apparently bear

two small glands on the lower surface near the base and close to

the costa. The leaves probably are persistent. Prunus Zinggii

apparently is related to P. erythroxylon Koehne, of Colima and

Michoacan, but the latter has glabrous leaves.

CONNARACEAE

Connarus Klugii, sp. nov. — Frutex 1.5-2 m. altus, ramulis

crassis teretibus lenticellis numerosis parvis elevatis conspersis; folia

magna longe petiolata, rhachi elongata subtereti glabra, petiolo basi

valde incrassato; foliola 7-11 subopposita magna crasse 4-6 mm.

longe petiolulata oblonga vel ovato-oblonga 15-26 cm. longa 5-7.5

cm. lata subabrupte cuspidato-acuminata, acumine angusto sensim

attenuate supra jineari obtuso, basi rotundata vel cuneato-obtusa

plus minusve obliqua, glabra, supra sublucida costa nervisque sub-

impressis venulis vix prominulis, subtus fere concoloria costa venisque

valde elevatis, venulis paucis elevatis laxe reticulatis; paniculae ut

videtur laterales fastigiatae, ramis simplicibus c. 3 cm. longis sub-

sessilibus dense pilis brevibus ferrugineis ramosis tomentosis dense

multifloris, pedicellis crassis 1-1.5 mm. longis, bracteis minutis;

calyx extus dense stellato-tomentulosus ferrugineus, lobis late ovatis

vel ovalibus apice rotundatis; petala ovalia vel late ovata sepalis

fere duplo longiora recurva punctata; stamina petalis subaequilonga.

— Peru: Mishuyacu, near Iquitos, Dept. Loreto, alt. 100 meters,

in forest, May-June, 1930, G. King 1494 (herb. Field Mus. No.

627,497, type); also Klug 500, from the same locality.

The plant has more numerous leaflets than any species of the

genus known from the Amazonian region. In addition, it is

158 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

noteworthy for the exceptionally large leaflets with very long,

narrow tips.

Rourea rhync.hosioides, sp. nov. — Frutex scandens, ramulis

crassis striatis dense pilis brevibus patentibus brunneis pilosulis;

folia mediocria longipetiolata; foliola 3 crasse 3-5 mm. longe petio-

lulata late ovalia, ovali-rotundata vel oboyato-rotundata 8-12 cm.

longa 6-8.5 cm. lata, terminale paullo majus latiusque, apice sub-

rotundata vel breviter acutata, basi late rptundata vel subemargin-

ata, coriacea, supra in sicco cinerep-viridia fere glabra tantum ad

nervos breviter pilosa, nervis venulisque non elevatis, subtus dense

pilis brevibus patentibus gracillimis yelutino-pilosa, costa nervisque

valde elevatis, venulis quoque elevatis et arete eleganter reticulatis;

inflorescentia paniculata pedunculata 12-17 cm. longa laxe ramosa,

ramis dense fulvo-tomentosis, ramis ultimis elongatis remote multi-

floris, pedicellis crassis vix 1 mm. longis, bracteis minutis; calyx vix

2 mm. longus dense fulvo-tomentosus, lobis brevibus triangulari-

ovatis pbtusis erectis; petala lutescentia glabra sepalis duplo longiora

suborbicularia epunctata; stamina petalis breviora. — Peru: Mishu-

yacu, near Iquitos, Dept. Loreto, alt. 100 meters, in forest, October-

November, 1929, G. King 578 (herb. Field Mus. No. 613, 395, type).

Among the species of the upper Amazon Valley, this is well

marked by the thick, broad leaflets, with elevated and strongly

reticulate venation, densely velvety-pilose on the lower surface.

LEGUMINOSAE

Mimosa Wootonii Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 364.

1922.

The species has been known heretofore only from the type

specimen, collected at Hacienda Buena Vista, Tamaulipas, Mexico.

Another collection from the same state is at hand: Tamaulipas:

Cerro Tres Vetas, near San Jose", Sierra de San Carlos, 810 meters,

July, 1930, H. H. Bartlett 10385; a scrambling vine with white

flowers.

Acacia Deamii (Britt. & Rose), comb. nov. Senegalia Deamii

Britt. & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 117. 1928.

Acacia Fisheri (Britt. & Rose), comb. nov. Acaciella Fisheri

Britt. & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 99. 1928.

Acacia Ortegae (Britt. & Rose), comb. nov. Senegalia Ortegae

Britt. & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 119. 1928.

Acacia peninsularis (Britt. & Rose), comb. nov. Senegalia

peninsularis Britt. & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 116. 1928.

Acacia guadalajarana, nom. nov. Acaciella prostrata Britt. &

Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 102. 1928, non Acacia prostrata Lodd. 1818.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 159

Acacia Rosei Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 20: 187. 1919.

A synonym of this species is Acacia mazatlana Jones, Contr.

West. Bot. 15: 141. 1929.

Calliandra acapulcensis (Britt. & Rose), comb. nov. Anneslia

acapulcensis Britt. & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 72. 1928.

Calliandra compacta (Britt. & Rose), comb. nov. Anneslia

compacta Britt. & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 62. 1928.

Calliandra Michelii (Britt. & Rose), comb. nov. Anneslia

Michelii Britt. & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 61. 1928.

Desmanthus Arsenei (Britt. & Rose), comb. nov. Acuan

Arsenei Britt. & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 134. 1928.

- Desmanthus latus (Britt. & Rose), comb. nov. Acuan latum

Britt. & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 132. 1928.

Desmanthus Painterii (Britt. & Rose), comb. nov. Acuan

Painterii Britt, & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 134. 1928.

Schrankia Berlandieri (Britton), comb. nov. Leptoglottis Ber-

landieri Britton, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 144. 1928.

Schrankia mimosoides (Small), comb. nov. Leptoglottis mimo-

soides Small ex Britt. & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 139. 1928.

Schrankia potosina (Britt. & Rose), comb. nov. Leptoglottis

potosina Britt. & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 143. 1928.

Caesalpinia tampicoana (Britt. & Rose), comb. nov. Poin-

cianella tampicoana Britt. & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 330. 1930.

Caesalpinia Standleyi (Britt. & Rose), comb. nov. Poinci-

anella Standleyi Britt. & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 330. 1930.

Bauhinia oaxacana (Britt. & Rose), comb. nov. Casparea

oaxacana Britt. & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 212. 1930.

Cassia Rosei, nom. nov. Grimaldia confusa Britt. & Rose,

N. Amer. Fl. 23: 300. 1930, non Cassia confusa Phil. 1893.

Cassia Greenei, nom. nov. Chamaecrista puberula Greene,

Pittonia 5: 134. 1903, non Cassia puberula HBK. 1823.

Cassia unijuga Rose, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 5: 195. 1899.

Mexico: Sierra near Cerritos, San Luis Potosi, May, 1932, H.

W. von Rozynski 364- The species has been known previously

only from Puebla, the type having been collected at Tehuacan.

It is one of the best marked of the Mexican members of the genus.

Cynometra retusa Britt. & Rose, Trop. Woods 7: 5. 1926.

The type was collected near the Atlantic coast of Guatemala,

and the tree grows rather abundantly along the Honduran coast.

160 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

It has been collected recently in British Honduras. The exact

locality at which the specimens were obtained is not indicated, but

they were forwarded from that colony by the Conservator of Forests,

and were received at Field Museum through Professor Samuel J.

Record. The pods, which have not been described, are asymmetri-

cally broadly elliptic, 2 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide, somewhat com-

pressed, abruptly contracted at the base and apiculate at the apex,

dark brownish, and much roughened.

Hoffmanseggia pueblana (Britton), comb. nov. Larrea pue-

blana Britton, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 313. 1930.

Canavalia altipendula (Piper), comb. nov. Wenderothia alti-

pendula Piper, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 20: 581. 1923.

Canavalia villosa Benth. var. glabra (Mart. & Gal.), comb,

nov. Wenderothia glabra Mart. & Gal. Bull. Acad. Brux. 10, pt. 2:

191. 1843.

In the typical form of the species the leaflets are densely grayish-

tomentulose beneath. Forms with nearly glabrous or sparsely

strigose leaflets appear at first glance so unlike the normal form

that one would believe they must represent a distinct species.

Since, however, they appear to differ only in the amount of pubes-

cence, Piper (Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 20: 584. 1925) probably

was correct in taking them to be only variants of Canavalia villosa.

The glabrate form may well be distinguished as a variety, as above.

Wenderothia glabra was described as having white flowers.

Specimens obtained recently by H. H. Bartlett (Nos. 11093, 10924)

in the Sierra de San Carlos, Tamaulipas, Mexico, are described

as having either wholly purple or purple and white corollas.

Desmodium Langlasseanum (Schindl.), comb. nov. Mei-

bomia Langlasseana Schindl. Repert. Sp. Nov. 20: 147. 1924.

Desmodium parvum (Schindl.), comb. nov. Meibomia parva

Schindl. Repert. Sp. Nov. 20: 153. 1924.

Desmodium prodigum (Schindl.), comb. nov. Meibomia pro-

diga Schindl. Repert. Sp. Nov. 20: 148. 1924.

Desmodium Schusteri (Schindl.), comb. nov. Meibomia

Schusteri Schindl. Repert. Sp. Nov. 20: 146. 1924.

Desmodium Sumichrastii (Schindl.), comb. nov. Meibomia

Sumichrastii Schindl. Repert. Sp. Nov. 20: 138. 1924.

Desmodium transversum (Rob. & Greenm.), comb. nov. D.

spirale var. transversum Rob. & Greenm. Proc. Amer. Acad. 29:

384. 1894. Meibomia transversa Schindl. Repert. Sp. Nov. 20:

154. 1924.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 161

Desmodium Maxonii (Standl.), comb. nov. Meibomia Maxonii

Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 18: 108. 1916.

Desmpdium occidentale (Morton), comb. nov. Meibomia

occidentalis Morton, Bull. Torrey Club 57: 181. 1930.

Desmodium metallicum (Rose & Standl.), comb. nov. Mei-

bomia metallica Rose & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 214.

1913.

Eriosema grandiflorum (Schlecht. & Cham.) Seem. — A new

synonym of this species is Cracca collina Jones, Contr. West. Bot.

15: 137. 1929.

Psoralea brachypus (Rydb.), comb. nov. Pediomelum brachy-

pus Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 24: 24. 1919.

Psoralea trinervata (Rydb.), comb. nov. Pediomelum triner-

vatum Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 24: 23. 1919.

Tephrosia Conzattii (Rydb.), comb. nov. Cracca Conzattii

Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 24: 162. 1923.

Tephrosia lanata Mart. & Gal. — Cracca lupinoides Jones (Contr.

West. Bot. 15: 137. 1929) is based upon material which is a mixture

of the typical form of this species and its variety velutina (Rydb.)

Macbride.

Tephrosia latidens (Small), comb. nov. Cracca latidens Small,

Fl. Southeast. U. S. 609, 1331. 1903.

Tephrosia Roseana (Rydb.), comb. nov. Cracca Roseana Rydb.

N. Amer. Fl. 24: 164. 1923.

Zornia Harmsiana, nom. nov. Zornia gracilis Harms, Bot.

Jahrb. 42: 212. 1908, non DC. 1825.

ZYGOPHYLLACEAE

Kallstroemia boliviana, sp. nov. — Herba procumbens vel

prostrata ut videtur perennis, caulibus elongatis hirsutis et dense

incurvo-puberulis; foliola trijuga oblonga vel ovalia valde obliqua

6-18 mm. longa apice rotundata, obtusa vel subacuta utrinque

dense adpresso-pilosa, petiolo foliolis breviore; pedicelli foliis

breviores hirsuti usque ad 1.5 cm. longi; sepala c. 8 mm. longa

anguste lanceolato-oblonga breviter acuminata sparse hispido-

hirsuta et adpresso-pilosa persistentia; petala 12-18 mm. longa;

fructus dense cinereo-strigosus 8-10 mm. longus, columna e basi lata

conica sensim attenuata strigillosa. — Bolivia: Cerro San Pedro,

Cochabamba, alt. 2,600 meters, December 26, 1928, J. Steinbach

8784 (herb. Field Mus. No. 637,209, type). Bolivian Plateau, Bang

927. Cotana am Illimani, Dept. La Paz, 2,400 meters, Buchlien

671. Without locality, Mandon.

162 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

This plant is perhaps confined to Bolivia; it is not matched

among the rather numerous Peruvian specimens at hand. It is

most closely related to K. caribaea Rydb., which ranges from the

Antilles southward at least to Peru, and may be only a form or

variety of K. maxima (L.) Torr. & Gray, but it differs strikingly

in the size of its flowers from both those species, in which the petals

are only half as long.

Porlieria Steinbachii, sp. nov. — Ramuli rigidi ochracei, novelli

praesertim ad nodos villoso-tomentosi glabrescentes; folia parva

subsessilia, foliolis c. 15-jugis linearibus 4-8 mm. longis obtusis ses-

silibus supra glabratis sublucidis subtus sparse subsericeis vel gla-

bratis; flores solitarii 1 mm. longe pedicellati, sepalis 2.5 mm. longis

oblongis vel ovalibus obtusissimis nitido-strigosis; petala sepalis

paullo longiora glabra; ovarium obtuse trilobum glabrum stylo brevi

columnari terminatum. — Bolivia: Trockene Bergreite, Mairana,

Dept. Santa Cruz, alt. 1,400 meters, October 16, 1928, Jose Stein-

bach 8281 (herb. Field Mus. No. 637,072, type).

All the other South American species of the genus have much

less numerous leaflets. This is probably the same as Mandon 861

from Bolivia, mentioned by Rusby (Mem. Torrey Club 6: 15. 1896)

under his description of Porlieria arida.

RUTACEAE

Zanthoxylum Clava-Herculis L. var. fruticosum (Gray)

Wats. Bibl. Ind. 1: 156. 1878.

Although ranging widely in the southern United States, from

Florida to Texas, neither Zanthoxylum Clava- Herculis nor its variety

has been reported from Mexico. The following collection, although

sterile, seems clearly to be referable to the variety cited:

Mexico: Cerro Carrizo, vicinity of San Jose1, Sierra de San Carlos,

Tamaulipas, 1,410 meters, July, 1930, H. H. Bartlett 10511.

MALPIGHIACEAE

Aspicarpa hyssopifolia Gray, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. 6: 167.

1850.

No Mexican specimens of the species were available when the

Trees and Shrubs of Mexico was written, but it was listed in that

work (Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 575. 1923) in the belief that

it must occur in northeastern Mexico. A Mexican collection of

Aspicarpa hyssopifolia may now be placed on record: Cerro de la

Tamaulipeca, vicinity of San Miguel, Sierra de San Carlos, 600

meters, July, 1930, H. H. Bartlett 10614.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 163

BUXACEAE

Buxus Conzattii, sp. nov. — Glabra, ramulis crassis stramineo-

oliyaceis petiolis decurrentibus plus minusve angulatis, internodiis

foliis brevioribus; folia mediocria petiolata lucida in sicco fusco-

olivacea subcoriacea, petiolo angustissime marginato 7-10 mm. longo;

lamina lanceolato-oblonga 4-7 cm. longa 2-3 cm. lata acuta vel

acuminata, acumine ipso saepe spinuloso-producto, basi obtusa abrupte

contracta et decurrens, venis supra obsoletis, costa subtus elevata

gracili, penninervia, nervis tenerrimis prominulis, venulis obscuris,

margine anguste revoluto; racemi parvi densi capituliformes sub-

sessiles vel usque ad 5 mm. longe pedunculati, floribus pedicellis

crassis usque ad 2 mm. longis stipatis vel interdum sessilibus, flore

femineo unicp, bracteis sepalis conformibus; sepala 3-3.5 mm. longa,

floris feminei rotundato-ovata et abrupte acuminata ciliata, floris

masculi angustiora; capsula immatura late oyoidea 8 mm. longa

sessilis, stylis latis obtusis 1.5 mm. longis recurvis. — Mexico: Chapu-

lapa-Chiquihuitlan, Distrito Cuicatlan, Oaxaca, August 18, 1909,

C. Conzatti 2508 (herb. Field Mus. No. 285,547, type).

Several specimens of this plant have come to the writer's atten-

tion at one time or another, but its systematic position was not

recognized until recently, although it is sufficiently like other mem-

bers of the genus, which, it must be stated, is not amply represented

in continental North America. Buxus Conzattii is altogether unlike

any of the three species already described from Mexico, but it is

very closely related to B. columnaris Muell. Arg. of Martinique.

The latter differs in its obtuse sepals and its 3-nerved leaves.

ANACARDIACEAE

Rhus Galeottii, sp. nov. — Ramuli gracillimi subteretes olivacei

vel ochracei, vetustioribus lenticellis parvis elevatis conspersis,

novellis dense pilosulis; folia alterna mediocria 3-5-foliolata, petiolo

gracillimo 2-3.5 cm. longo tereti, rhachi in foliis 5-foliolatis 2-2.5

cm. longa nuda dense hirtella; foliola lateralia sessilia ovalia vel

oblongo-elliptica vel interdum ovali-obovata 2-3.5 cm. longa 1.3-2.2

cm. lata Integra vel inconspicue sinuato-crenulata apice late rotun-

data vel subemarginata basi rotundata vel interdum breviter oblique

cuneato-angustata, foliolo terminali ma j ore oblongo-ovali vel ovali-

obovato 4-7.5 cm. longo 2-4 cm. lato interdum prope apicem

breviter trilobato prope basin abrupte vel sensim contracto et in

petiolulum marginatum usque ad 7 mm. longum decurrente,

foliolis omnibus membranaceis utrinque dense patenti-pilosis, venis

gracillimis prominulis, subtus vix pallidioribus; inflorescentia termi-

nalis foliis bene brevior 2.5-5 cm. longa simpliciter paniculato-

ramosa vel subsimplex laxe pauci- vel multiflora, ramis gracillimis

hirtellis, bracteis persistentibus ovatis extus hirtellis vix 1 mm.

longis, floribus sessilibus; sepala rotundato-ovata apice rotundata

164 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

viridia subscariosa ciliolata et interdum extus sparse minute pilosula;

petala imbricate c. 1.5 mm. longa late obovata apice rotundata

glabra. — Mexico: Talea, September, 1844, H. Galeotti 7247F (herb.

Leningrad, type).

The plant seems to be a relative of Rhus terebinthifolia, R. jalis-

cana, and R. Barclayi, all of which are Mexican species. They

differ in having more numerous acute or acuminate leaflets, commonly

of decidedly thicker texture, and much larger and denser panicles.

Rhus chondroloma, sp. nov.- — Ramuli ferruginei subteretes

minute cinereo-puberuli ; folia alterna 3-5-foliolata, petiolo crassius-

culo subtereti exalato 1.5-2.5 cm. longo minute puberulo vel glabrato,

rhachi in foliis 5-foliolatis 1.5-2.5 cm. longa anguste alata, ala

anguste revoluta; foliola lateralia sessilia vel brevissime petiolulata

oblonga usque ad late elliptica vel late elliptico-obovata 2.5-4 cm.

longa apice late rotundata vel obtusissima basi rotundata vel oblique

obtusa, foliolo terminali majore late rotundato-obovato vel late

elliptico 2.5-4 cm. longo 2-3 cm. lato apice late rotundato vel

truncate et saepe obscure apiculato, basin versus saepissime cune-

atim angustato et in petiolulum marginatum 8-13 mm. longurn

abrupte contracto, foliolis omnibus crasse coriaceis lucidis supra

fusco-viridibus, venis pallidis prominulis conspicuis, subtus pallidis

glabris vel minutissime obscure puberulis, margine pallido incrassato;

inflorescentia terminalis paniculata breviter pedunculata foliis vix

aequilonga 2-4 cm. longa dense multiflora, ramis dense minute

puberulis crassis, floribus sessilibus, bracteis. imbricatis late trian-

gulari-ovatis c. 2 mm. longis acutiusculis extus dense puberulis;

sepala rotundato-ovata apice rotundata vel obtusissima crasse

scariosa glabra; petala late obovata imbricata apice rotundata

glabra 3 mm. longa. — Mexico: Tehuacan, Puebla, June, 1905,

C. A. Purpus 1290 (herb. Field Mus. No. 192,858, type).

The closest relative of this plant is Rhus virens Lindheimer,

which occurs in northeastern Mexico and the adjacent United

States. It differs from Rhus chondroloma in having 5 or 7 leaflets,

which are decidedly different in form.

Rhus radicans L. — The following specimen of the plant is

accompanied by a local name which seems not to have been associ-

ated previously with the species: Mexico: Fortin, Veracruz, March,

1883, E. Kerber 397 (herb. Leningrad). Vernacular name, "aquixtle."

Rhus lanceolata (Gray) Britton in Britt. & Shafer, N. Amer.

Trees 606. 1908. R. copallina var. lanceolata Gray, Bost. Journ.

Nat. Hist. 6: 158. 1850.

This shrub, whether it be a distinct species or only a variety

of the eastern Rhus copallina, has not been known to occur in

Mexico. The following collection has been obtained there recently:

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 165

Tamaulipas: Near crest of Sierra de San Carlos, above Mesa de

Tierra, July, 1930, H. H. Bartlett 10269.

CELASTRACEAE

Zinowiewia integerrima Turcz. — In the Trees and Shrubs of

Mexico (Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 678) a single local name for

the tree was listed. Another may now be reported: Mexico: Fortin,

Veracruz, March, 1883, E. Kerber 360 (herb. Leningrad). Vernacular

name, "naranjillo."

Schaefferia frutescens Jacq. Enum. PI. Carib. 33. 1760.

In the Trees and Shrubs of Mexico (Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb.

23: 682. 1923) it was stated that this shrub or tree was reported

to occur in Veracruz, but no specimens had been seen by the writer.

There may be reported now from Tamaulipas a collection that

seems to be referable to the species. Although its leaves are slightly

different from those of West Indian plants, the differences do not

appear sufficient to warrant nomenclatorial recognition for the

Mexican form.

Mexico: Vicinity of Marmolejo, Sierra de San Carlos, Tamaulipas,

660 meters, August, 1930, H. H. Bartlett 10757; a shrub 3.5 meters

high; ripe fruits red.

STAPHYLEACEAE

Turpinia insignis (HBK.) Tulasne. — One collection examined

recently is worthy of special mention: Mexico: Colipa, Veracruz,

July, 1841, Karwinsky 78 (herb. Leningrad). Vernacular name,

"capulin cimarron."

SAPINDACEAE

Talisia peruviana, sp. nov. — Frutex vel arbuscula 2.5-6 m.

alta, ramulis gracilibus subteretibus, novellis minute strigillosis;

folia alterna pinnata 3-foliolata graciliter petiolata, rhachi brevi

tereti, foliolis breviter petiolulatis, petiolulo crassiusculo usque ad

5 mm. longp saepe subnullo, lateralibus alternis; foliola membranacea

oblongo-elliptica, lanceolato-oblonga vel pbovata 5.5-18 cm. longa

2-8 cm. lata subabrupte attenuato-acuminata vel saepe longe cus-

pidato-acuminata, basi acuta vel cuneata, glabra, minute dense

pellucido-punctata; inflorescentia racemiformis fpliis duplo brevior

pauciflora, pedicellis crassiusculis 2-3 mm. longis dense ochraceo-

strigillosis, sub fructum paullo elongatis, bracteis minutis; sepala 1.5

mm. longa ovali-oblonga obtusa extus sericea; petala cuneato-obovata

2 mm. longa; discus crassus glaber; ovarium 2-loculare dense strigil-

losum, stylo ad basin bifido, ramis brevibus crassis; fructus late

ovalis 2 cm. longus luteus oliviformis basi et apice rotundatus vel

166 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

apice plus minusve angustatus et obtusus minute tuberculatus

puberulus vel glabratus, 2-locularis, seminibus magnis in loculis

solitariis. — Peru: Cumbasa, Tarapoto, Dept. San Martin, in forest,

December 7, 1929, Llewelyn Williams 5745 (herb. Field Mus. No.

626,414, type). Tarapoto, Williams 6652, 6578. Rio Mayo, Tara-

poto, Williams 6208. Puerto Arturo, Dept. Loreto, Williams 5218,

5118, 5303; Killip & Smith 27915, 27874- Yurimaguas, Loreto,

Killip & Smith 27645, 27673, 27636. Balsapuerto, Loreto, Killip &

Smith 28549, 28481, 28484, 28627. Santa Rosa, Loreto, Killip

& Smith 28857.

The generic position of this tree is decidedly uncertain, chiefly

because no perfect flowers are available for study. With little

doubt, it is closely related to Talisia japurensis (C. DC.) Radlk.,

originally published by Casimir DeCandolle as a species of Guarea,

and placed by Radlkofer in the genus Talisia, although of doubtful

position there, since the flowers are unknown. From the present

plant T. japurensis differs in having 4-6 leaflets, the lateral ones

on slender elongate petiolules. The ovary and fruit of T. peruviana

are clearly 2-celled, and it seems probable that the same may be

true of T. japurensis. The genus Talisia is described as having a

3-celled ovary, but one or more of the cells sometimes fail to develop

in the fruit.

RHAMNACEAE

Gouania polygama (Jacq.) Urban. — In the Trees and Shrubs

of Mexico (Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 712) no vernacular name

was reported from Mexico for this species. It is, therefore, worth

while to cite the following collection, which, although without fruit,

apparently is referable here: Mexico: La Luz, near Cordoba, Vera-

cruz, October, 1882, E. Kerber 73 (herb. Leningrad). Vernacular

name, "misa mayor."

TILIACEAE

Heliocarpus americanus L. — The following collection of this

common species deserves citation because it is accompanied by a

vernacular name which, apparently, has not been recorded : Mexico :

Fortin, Veracruz, February, 1883, E. Kerber 276 (herb. Leningrad).

Vernacular name, "huanate." The name is similar to the more

common jonote, and probably is a variant of it.

Corchorus aestuans L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 1079. 1759.

The occurrence of this species in Mexico has not been indicated

by any material observed by the writer during recent years, al-

though the plant is widely distributed in the West Indies and South

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 167

America. The following collection is in the herbarium of Field

Museum: Manzanillo, Colima, October 20, 1910, C. R. Orcutt 4488.

Triumfetta brachistacantha, sp. nov. — Frutex, ramis gracil-

ibus teretibus ferrugineis glabratis, novellis minute stellato-puberu-

lis; stipulae anguste lineares 1-2 mm. longae; folia parva graciliter

petiolata membranacea, petiolo ad 6 mm. longo stellato-pilosulo ;

lamina oblongo-ovata vel lanceolato-ovata 1.5-2 cm. longa 8-10

mm. lata acuta vel acuminata basi lata breviter anguste cordata

grosse inaequaliter crenata vel subserrata supra sparse minute

stellato-pubescens, subtus densius stellato-hispidula, basi 5-nervia;

flores subcymosi vel umbellati subracemose dispositi vel anguste

paniculati, paniculis laxis multifloris, pedicellis crassiusculis usque

ad 3 mm. longis stellato-puberulis; sepala linearia 5 mm. longa

breviter appendiculata extus sparsiuscule minute stellato-puberula;

petala spathulato-linearia sepalis subaequalia glabrata; stamina

numerosa, filamentis gracillimis elongatis glabris; capsula sessilis

globosa 4 mm. diam. fere omnino glabra dense echinata, echinis

validis basi dilatatis vix 1 mm. longis apice breviter uncinatis

glabris vel sparsissime puberulis. — Mexico: Chivela, Oaxaca, Decem-

ber, 1925, G. Bosse 8019 (Herb. Field Mus. No. 641,470, type).

Among Mexican species of Triumfetta the present plant is easily

distinct by its small fruits with remarkably short spines.

Triumfetta leiocarpa, sp. nov. — Frutex, ramulis gracilibus

brunnescentibus glabratis lenticellis paucis parvis conspersis; folia

alterna magna membranacea longe graciliter petiolata, petiolo 6-9

cm. longo pilis paucis minutis stellatis praesertim apicem versus

consperso; lamina ovato-rotundata c. 13 cm. longa et aequilata

abrupte longiacuminata acumine angusto serrato, basi subtruncata,

argute serrata vel crenato-serrata, supra viridis sparse hispido-

hirsuta et pilis paucis minutis stellatis induta, subtus sparse stellato-

hispidula, basi 9-nervia; flores in paniculas c. 10 cm. longas laxas

dispositi, ramis gracilibus sparsiuscule minute stellato-puberulis;

capsula subsessilis omnino glabra globosa dense echinata 4-5 mm.

diam., echinis rigidis gracilibus 3-3.5 mm. longis apice breviter

uncinatis. — Mexico: Cohuayana, Colima, November, 1906, G. M.

Emrick 130 (herb. Field Mus. No. 200,470, type).

Vernacular name, "chayotillo negro." The available material

of the plant is too scant to be satisfactory for study, but it is sufficient

to show that it represents a species distinct from any of those listed

for Mexico. Its chief distinctive character is the complete absence

of pubescence on the fruit.

Triumfetta Purpusii, sp. nov. — Frutex, ramis gracilibus tereti-

bus cinnampmeis vel brunnescentibus dense stellate- tomentosis;

stipulae deciduae filiformes ad 7 mm. longae; folia parvula longe

graciliter petiolata vel superiora brevipetiolata membranacea,

petiolo usque ad 3.5 cm. longo dense stellato-tomentoso; lamina

168 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

ovata vel ovato-oblonga 4-7 cm. longa 2-4 cm. lata longe anguste

acuminata, basi rotundata et anguste breviter (ad 5 mm.) cordata,

inaequaliter serrata, 7-nervia, supra dense pilis laxis albidis stellato-

pilosa, subtus incana pilis mollibus densissime stellato-tomentosa;

flores plerumque in axillis superioribus aggregati vel in paniculas

parvas densas dispositi breviter pedicellati; sepala dense pilis longis

pallidis mollibus stellato-pilosa, linearia 6-7 mm. longa apice longis-

sime appendiculata, appendicibis filiformibus 7-8 mm. longis; petala

lineari-ligulata sepalis subaequalia; stamina numerosa, filamentis

gracillimis glabris; capsula dense pilis longiusculis paten tibus albidis

pilosa globpsa 4 mm. diam., echinis subpaucis rigidis crassiusculis

dense pilosis armata. — Mexico: Matazaeza, Veracruz, March, 1923,

C. A. Purpus 9009 (herb. Field Mus. No. 553,014, type). Remuda-

dero, Veracruz, rocky forest, November, 1926, Purpus 11099.

The relationship of the plant is with Triumfetta falcifera Rose,

described from Acapulco, which differs in fruit characters. T. Pur-

pusii is remarkable for extreme elongation of the sepal appendages.

MALVACEAE

Kosteletzkya hibiscifolia, sp. nov. — Herba elata, ramis yalidis

teretibus densiuscule pilis plerumque solitariis rigidis hispidis et

lineis 2 pilulorum stellatorum parvorum onustis; folia magna mem-

branacea longipetiolata, petiolo 4-6 cm. longo hispido; lamina

profunde 5-lobata, late aperte basi cordata, supra pilis plerisque

simplicibus dense hispida, subtus pilis plerisque stellatis hispido-

hirsuta, 7-nervia, lobis anguste oblongo-triangularibus longiacu-

minatis serrato-dentatis; flores paniculas magnas laxas multifloras

efformantes, plus minusve racemose dispositi, breviter graciliter

pedicellati, pedicellis ut rami paniculae hispidis et plus minusve

stellato-puberulis; bracteolae 8-10 lineari-filiformes 5-7 mm. longae

hispido-ciliatae; calyx 1 cm. longus profunde 5-lobatus extus dense

minute stellato-tomentulosa, lobis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis

versus apicem hispido-ciliatis, interdum versus basin pilis paucis

stellatis majoribus onustis; petala ante anthesin 1.5 cm. longa

extus stellato-hispidula et sparse hispida; cetera ignota. — Mexico:

Ixtagua, San Ignacio, Sinaloa, alt. 650 meters, J. G. Ortega 485

(herb. Field Mus. No. 598,141, type).

This may be merely a form of K. paniculata Benth., but in that

species the harsh pubescence is much less developed, and consists

chiefly of stellate rather than simple hairs. In that, moreover,

the bractlets are poorly developed, only 3-4 mm. long, and merely

stellate-puberulent rather than hispid-ciliate with long stiff hairs.

FLACOURTIACEAE

Abatia mexicana Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 318. 1931.

The type was collected at Mirador, Veracruz, Liebmann 15030.

Jn a sending of Mexican plants received recently from Copenhagen

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 169

there is a second sheet of the species, Liebmann 618, labeled as

collected at Tehuacan, Puebla, in December, 1841. I feel some-

what skeptical regarding the accuracy of the label of this second

collection. It does not seem probable that a species of Abatia

would be found in a region so arid as that about Tehuacan.

THYMELEACEAE

Schoenobiblus peruvianus, sp. noy. — Frutex, ramis vetustiori-

bus ferrugineis glabratis, novellis hirsutis vel interdum fere glabris;

folia magna brevissime petiolata membranacea, petiolo crasso usque

ad 1 cm. longo; lamina oblanceolato-oblonga vel anguste oblanceolata

16-30 cm. longa 5-12 cm. lata abrupte longiacuminata, acumine

angusto attenuate, basin versus longe sensim attenuata et interdum

fere ad basin petioli decurrens, supra glabra, yenulis prominulis,

subtus fere concolor, interdum dense pilis pallidis rigidis hirsuta,

pilis persistentibus vel cito deciduis; inflorescentia multiflora pani-

culiformis vel umbelliformis longipedunculata usque ad 12 cm.

longa, ramis crassis adpresso-pilosis vel subhirsutis, floribus subum-

bellatis, pedicellis crassiusculis adpresso-pilosis usque ad 1 cm. longis;

sepala paullo inaequalia anguste oblonga obtusa 5-7 mm. longa

dorso unicostata; stamina sepalis duplo brevioribus; fructus sub-

oblique pvoideus glaber 15-18 mm. longus obtusus apiculatus. —

Peru: Timbuchi, Alto Rio Nanay, Dept. Loreto, July 1, 1929,

Llewelyn Williams 1162. Paraiso, Alto Itaya, Williams 3354.

Pebas, in forest, Williams 1707, 1878, 1595.

"Barbasco-caspi." Of this small genus three species have been

described previously, one from the Rio Japura, Brazil, one from

Trinidad, and another from Colombia. The Peruvian plant probably

is most closely related to the Brazilian S. daphnoides, but that has

much narrower leaves, described as glabrous. The specimens referred

here to S. peruvianus are variable in pubescence, but since both

densely hairy and almost glabrous forms were collected at Pebas, the

pubescence is probably either fugitive or else variable.

ARALIACEAE

Gilibertia arborea (L.) March. — A new local name accom-

panies a specimen of this species examined recently: Mexico: Fortin,

Veracruz, March, 1883, E. Kerber 380 (herb. Leningrad). Vernac-

ular name, "tamalcoahuite."

OLEACEAE

Forestiera racemosa Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 25: 158. 1890.

The species was described from the Sierra Madre near Monterrey,

and has been collected heretofore only in Nuevo Leon. The follow-

ing collection confirms its occurrence in another state:

170 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

Mexico: Limestone ledges, Cerro de los Armadillos, Sierra de

San Carlos, Tamaulipas, July, 1930, H. H. Bartlett 10208.

Osmanthus americana (L.) Benth. & Hook, ex Gray, Syn.

Fl. 2, pt. 1: 78. 1878. Olea americana L. Mant. PI. 24. 1767.

A remarkable extension of range is indicated by the collection

cited below, which was obtained in northeastern Mexico. This

shrub, which ranges rather widely in the southeastern United

States, reappears in southern Mexico, in Oaxaca and perhaps else-

where. Its curious distribution is matched, however, by that of

certain other plants, striking examples being Gelsemium and Illicium

floridanum. One might well expect the Mexican Osmanthus to

represent a distinct species, but I see no clear differences, if any

at all, between the specimen from Tamaulipas and others from

Florida.

Mexico: Mesa de Tierra, near San Jose", Sierra de San Carlos,

July, 1930, H. H. Bartlett 10263; a shrub 1.8-3 meters high.

MYRSINACEAE

Ardisia stenobotrys, sp. nov. — Folia magna crasse mem-

branacea brevipetiolata in sicco cinereo-viridia, petiolo 2-3 cm.

longo late marginato; lamina lineari-oblanceolata c. 39 cm. longa

8 cm. lata versus apicem acutiusculum breviter angustata, basin

versus longe sensimque attenuata glabra dense minute pellucido-

punctata, costa nervisque utrinque plus minusve prominentibus,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 25 angulo fere recto divergentibus;

inflorescentia terminalis (?) glabra 20 cm. longe pedunculata, 22 cm.

longa atque 4 cm. lata, floribus in umbellas plurifloras dispositis,

umbellis c. 19 racempsis 6-14 mm. longe pedunculatis, pedicellis

supra valde incrassatis c. 8 mm. longis, bracteis caducis; sepala 5

contorta late ovata obtusa 4.5 mm. longa eciliata impunctata;

petala leviter contorta triangulari-oblonga 1 cm. longa punctis et

lineis destituta acuta in anthesi recurva; stamina exserta, filamentis

gracillimis 4 mm. longis, antheris sagittato-linearibus 7 mm. longis. —

Brazil: State of Amazonas, Rio Maturaca, below Salto de Hua,

December, 1930, E. G. Holt & E. R. Blake 521 (herb. Field Mus.

No. 640,133, type).

A remarkable plant, quite unlike any of the American species

described by Mez. It is most noteworthy for its large, narrow,

much elongate leaves, and for the long narrow inflorescence, a

simple raceme of numerous stalked several-flowered umbels.

Rapanea Lehmannii, sp. nov. — Frutex vel arbor omnino glabra,

ramulis crassis angulatis fuscis versus apices dense foliatis; folia

parva crasse coriacea, petiolo crassp 3-6 mm. longo latiuscule fere

ad basin marginato; lamina elliptica vel ovalis 2-3.5 cm. longa

1-1.5 cm. lata apice rotundata vel late obtusa basi breviter cuneato-

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 171

angustata in sicco fusca, supra enervis costa impressa, subtus

quoque enervis remote punctata costa valde prominente; flores

ad nodos umbellato-fasciculati, pedicellis crassis 2-3 mm. longis

acute angulatis; sepala 5 breviter coalita 2.5 mm. longa crassa

oblongo-triangularia acutiuscula margine nuda; petala 5 oblonga

3.5-4 mm. longa breviter coalita acutiuscula lineis destituta; antherae

petalis paullo breviores late oblongae apice acutiusculae et subin-

curvae. — Colombia: Paramo de las Delicias, central Andes of

Popayan, alt. 3,000-3,500 meters, F. C. Lehmann 8459 (herb. Field

Mus. No. 578,100, type).

SAPOTACEAE

Lucuma hypoglauca Standl. Trop. Woods 4: 4. 1925.

This exceptionally distinct species was described from Salvador,

and it occurs also in Yucatan (see Field Mus. Bot. 3: 380. 1930),

where it is called "zapote bianco." A specimen from still farther

north, collected almost a century ago, has come to hand recently

among miscellaneous Mexican material received for determination

from Leningrad: Mexico: Colipa, Veracruz, July 22, 1841, Kar-

winsky 61. The collector reports the vernacular name as "palo de

calentura." Although the specimens are sterile, there is practically

no doubt regarding their proper reference to Lucuma hypoglauca.

ASCLEPIADACEAE

Trichosacme lanata Zucc. Abh. Akad. Wiss. Muenchen 4, pt.

2: 11. 1845.

This curious vine of the family Asclepiadaceae, with extraor-

dinary flowers of striking appearance, was described originally

from Mexico, without indication of the exact locality at which it

was collected. There is in the herbarium of Field Museum a photo-

graph of an authentic specimen in the Berlin Herbarium, received

"ex hort. Monacens." I have seen a specimen of Karwinsky 457

in the Leningrad herbarium, that represents the same plant.

It is of interest to record the receipt of a new collection of Tricho-

sacme lanata from Mexico, for the first time one with definite locality

data, as follows: Thicket near San Vicente, vicinity of Jaumave,

Tamaulipas, November 1, 1931, H. W. von Rozynski 210. The

collection is in fruit. Besides the curious flowers, the plant is note-

worthy for the exceedingly dense and copious, white tomentum

that invests all its parts.

CONVOLVULACEAE

Exogonium Woronovii, sp. nov. — Volubilis herbacea, caulibus

gracillimis striatis parce breviter pilosulis vel glabratis; folia medi-

172 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

ocria breviter petiolata membranacea viridia, petiolo vulgo c. 1 cm.

longo vel in foliis superioribus multo breviore dense patenti-piloso ;

lamina ovata vel triangulari-ovata 3.5-9 cm. longa 1.5-7 cm. lata

integra longiacuminata basi profunde anguste cordata, auriculis late

rotundatis, utrinque densiuscule breviter pilosula; flores cymosi,

cymis axillaribus umbelliformibus 3-5-floris 0.8-2 cm. longe

pedunculatis, pedunculis breviter pilosulis, bracteis late ovatis

minutis, pedicellis plerumque 5-7 mm. longis supra incrassatis

angulatis glabris; sepala yalde inaequalia oblonga vel late oblonga

5-9 mm. longa glabra apice obtusa vel late rotundata; corolla coc-

cinea glabra, tubo 3.8 cm. longo gracili versus faucem sensim dilatato

et sub orem fere 5 mm. lato, lobis patentibus vel adscendentibus

anguste triangulari-oblongis attenuato-acuminatis c. 1 cm. longis;

antherae longe exsertae; capsula ovoidea glabra acutiuscula 12 mm.

longa; semina immatura minute puberula. — Mexico: Rodillo del

Diablo near Uruapan, Michoacan, January 20, 1926, G. Woronow

2906 (herb. Field Mus. No. 641,479, type).

Jacquemontia Rpzynskii, sp. nov. — Volubilis, ut videtur

perennis, caulibus teretibus sparse ramosis albidis densissime stellato-

tomentosis, internodiis saepe foliis longioribus; folia mediocria

breviter petiolata crassa mollia, petiolo crasso 2-7 mm. longo

tomentoso; lamina ovata rotundato-ovata vel oblongo-ovata 2.5-

3.8 cm. longa 1.5-2.5 cm. lata integra acuta vel rarius subobtusa

basi late rotundata vel leviter emarginata, utrinque subtus densius

stellato-tomentosa albida; cymae triflorae axillares subsessiles vel

5 mm. longe pedunculatae, pedicellis crassis usque ad 3 mm. longis

vel nullis, bracteis subulatis vel fere filiformibus plerumque sepalis

brevioribus dense tomentosis; sepala valde inaequalia 7-11 mm.

longa ovata vel lanceolata subulato-acuminata densissime stellato-

tomentosa albida; corolla fere 2 cm. longa ut videtur alba c. 2.5

cm. lata extus ad costas sericea aliter glabra vel glabrata; antherae

longe exsertae. — Mexico: Mountain slopes near San Vicente, vicinity

of Jaumave, Tamaulipas, September 29, 1931, H. W. von Rozynski

46 (herb. Field Mus. No. 648,540, type), 46a.

Related to Jacquemontia abutiloides Benth., of the western coast

of Mexico. That species differs in its chiefly long-pedunculate

cymes, cordate leaves, and distinct pubescence.

Jacquemontia Rusbyana, nom. nov. J. densiflora Rusby,

Bull. Torrey Club 26: 151. 1899, non Hallier, 1893.

VERBENACEAE

Lantana involucrata L. var. velutina (Mart. & Gal.), comb,

nov. L. velutina Mart. & Gal. Bull. Acad. Brux. 11: 325. 1844.

Most of the Mexican material referable to Lantana involucrata

differs slightly from the West Indian form, having usually acute

or acutish rather than rounded leaves, which are more coarsely

crenate and more densely pubescent. There are, however, inter-

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 173

mediate forms, and the typical form of the species grows in the

Yucatan Peninsula. None of the Mexican specimens seem to

deserve specific rank, but they are worthy of varietal designation.

Tamonea curassavica (L.) Pers. — This low, herbaceous or

suffrutescent plant has been reported as ranging in Mexico from

San Luis Potosi to Veracruz and Yucatan. It extends also into

the state of Tamaulipas, as indicated by the following collection:

Slope near Jaumave, Tamaulipas, September 29, 1931, H. W. von

Rozynski 40.

LABIATAE

Satureia oaxacana (Fernald), comb. nov. Calamintha oaxacana

Fernald, Proc. Amer. Acad. 35: 564. 1900. Clinopodium oaxacanum

Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 1273. 1924.

The following collection represents a substantial extension of

range for the species: Mexico, Maltrata, January, 1883, E. Kerber

268 (herb. Leningrad). Vernacular name, "poleo."

Satureia laevigata (Standl.), comb. nov. Clinopodium laevigatum

Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 1273. 1924.

SOLANACEAE

Capsicum Pringlei (Wats.) Macbride & Standl., comb. nov.

Brachistus Pringlei Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 25: 159. 1890.

The plant listed in the Trees and Shrubs of Mexico (Contr.

U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 1303. 1924) as Brachistus diversifolius (Klotzsch)

Miers should be known as Capsicum diversifolium (Klotzsch) Kuntze.

Lycianthes chiapensis (Brandeg.), comb. nov. Solanum chia-

pense Brandeg. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6: 192. 1915.

Nectouxia formosa HBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 3: 11. pi. 193. 1818.

Originally described from southern Mexico, this plant is known

to range northward into the mountains of northern Mexico. So

far as I know, it has not been reported previously as a member

of the flora of the United States, but it may now be recorded from

western Texas: Chisos Mountains, 1931, C. H. Mueller 8276. The

species is one of numerous rare ones that were collected in this

little-known range during the summer of 1931 by Mr. Mueller.

SCROPHULARIACEAE

Bacopa acuminata (Walt.) Robinson, var. peninsularis

(Pennell), comb. nov. Mecardonia acuminata var. peninsularis

Pennell, Proc. Acad. Phila. 71: 237. 1919.

174 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

Bacopa acuminata (Walt.) Robinson, var. breyifolia (Pennell),

comb. nov. Mecardonia acuminata var. brevi/olia Pennell, Proc.

Acad. Phila. 71: 237. 1919.

Bacopa tenuis (Small), comb. nov. Mecardonia tennis Small,

Fl. Southeast. U. S. 1065, 1338. 1903.

Bacopa albida (Pennell), comb. nov. Monocardia albida Pennell,

Proc. Acad. Phila. 72: 157. 1920.

Bacopa appressa (Pennell), comb. nov.

Pennell, Proc. Acad. Phila. 72: 152. 1920.

Bacopa conferta (Pennell), comb. nov.

Pennell, Proc. Acad. Phila. 72: 153. 1920.

Bacopa lilacina (Pennell), comb. nov. Monocardia lilacina

Pennell, Proc. Acad. Phila. 72: 156. 1920.

Bacopa peduncularis (Benth.), comb. nov. Herpestis pedun-

cularis Benth. Comp. Bot. Mag. 2: 56. 1836.

Calceolaria fruticosa (Pennell), comb. nov. Fagelia fruticosa

Pennell, Proc. Acad. Phila. 72: 172. 1920.

Calceolaria nevadensis (Pennell), comb. nov. Fagelia neva-

densis Pennell, Proc. Acad. Phila. 72: 176. 1920.

Castilleja Ortegae, sp. nov. — Herba ut videtur perennis erecta

30 cm. alta et ultra supra sparse laxe ramosa, ramis gracillimis

viridibus sparsiuscule pilis fere minutis patentibus albidis glandulosp-

pilosulis, laxe foliatis; folia sessilia membranacea laete viridia linearia

integra 1.5-4 cm. longa 2-3 mm. lata attenuata, basin versus sensim

attenuata, obscure trinervia, ad margines obscure scaberulo-ciliplata,

aliter glabra; flores racemosi, racemis 4-5 cm. longis paucifloris

rhachi dense glanduloso-pilosa, bracteis oblongis vel lineari-oblongis

5-8 mm. longis acutiusculis glanduloso-pilosulis, superioribus cocci-

neis, inferioribus basin versus viridibus, pedicellis gracilibus sub-

erectis usque ad 6 mm. longis glanduloso-pilosis; calyx coccineus

15-16 mm. longus tenuiter glanduloso-villosulus basi oblique rotun-

datus fere rectus ppstice breviter antice profunde fissus, segmentis

apice late rotundatis; corolla longe exserta 23-28 mm. longa sparse

glanduloso-villosula, galea attenuata luteo-viridi 10-12 mm. longa,

labii lobis c. 1.5 mm. longis viridibus obtusis. — Mexico: Tapiquahuiz,

Municipalidad de San Ignacio, Sinaloa, alt. 475 meters, in moist

soil, May, 1931, J. G. Ortega 6850 (herb. Field Mus. No. 636,832,

type).

Castilleja spiranthoides, sp. nov. — Ut videtur annua, caule

erecto gracili 25-30 cm. alto et ultra laxiuscule pilis pallidis patentibus

viscido-villosulo simplici vel ramos paucos elongates emittente inferne

dense folioso, supra remotius folioso; folia alterna integra anguste

linearia 1.5-3.5 cm. longa apicem versus longe anguste attenuata

sessilia basi non dilatata viridia densiuscule glanduloso-pilosula

uninervia suberecta; flores spicati, spicis simplicibus densis 4-18

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 175

cm. longis, rhachi dense viscido-villosa, bracteis lineari-oblongis

floribus fere aequilongis laxe villosis supra medium purpureo-rubris

apice interdum aliquid dilatatis et obtusis, interdum breviter

tridentatis; calyx c. 15 mm. longus purpureo-ruber sparse breviter

villosus leviter curvus postice breviter antice profunde fissus;

corolla ut videtur pallida vel rubro-viridescens 12-20 mm. longa

breviter exserta glabrata, galea tubo fere aequilpnga longe attenuata,

labio breviter obtuse trilobate; capsula ellipsoidea 6 mm. longa 3.5

mm. lata acutiuscula glabra; semina pallida profunde foyeolata. —

Mexico: Los Gusanos, San Ignacio, Sinaloa, in dry soil, March,

1931, Jesus Gonzalez Ortega 6896 (herb. Field Mus. No. 636,833, type).

Melasma hispidum Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. 1: 202.

1835. Cacabus hondurensis Bonn. Smith, Bot. Gaz. 56: 60. 1913.

Eutheta hondurensis Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 325. 1931.

The writer erred in following Captain Smith in his reference of

this plant to the Solanaceae, in which, it must be admitted, it would

have been a perfectly good new genus! Fruiting specimens of the

plant are so much like Physalis in gross aspect that the writer does

not feel greatly humiliated in having referred his proposed new

genus, Eutheta, to the Solanaceae rather than to the Scrophulariaceae.

The plants referable to the genus Seymeria have been treated

monographically by Pennell (Proc. Acad. Phila. 77: 335-373. 1925),

who has presented a detailed key for their determination. Un-

fortunately he has used for the genus the improper name Afzelia.

Since Seymeria Pursh is a conserved name, it can not be replaced

by Afzelia, even though the latter has priority of publication. The

following name changes, therefore, are necessary for the proper

listing of the species of this group.

Seymeria latiflora (Pennell), comb. nov. Afzelia latiflora Pen-

nell, Proc. Acad. Phila. 77: 354. 1925.

Seymeria laxa (Pennell), comb. nov. Afzelia laxa Pennell, Proc.

Acad. Phila. 77: 355. 1925.

Seymeria ramosissima (Pennell), comb. nov. Afzelia ramosis-

sima Pennell, Proc. Acad. Phila. 77: 357. 1925.

Seymeria stricta (Pennell), comb. nov. Afzelia stricta Pennell,

Proc. Acad. Phila. 77: 358. 1925.

Seymeria laciniata (Mart. & Gal.), comb. nov. Gerardia

laciniata Mart. & Gal. Bull. Acad. Brux. 12, pt. 2: 26. 1845. Afzelia

laciniata Pennell, Proc. Acad. Phila. 77: 359. 1925.

Seymeria madrensis (Pennell), comb. nov. Afzelia madrensis

Pennell, Proc. Acad. Phila. 77: 361. 1925.

Seymeria sinaloana (Pennell), comb. nov. Afzelia sinaloana

Pennell, Proc. Acad. Phila. 77: 365. 1925.

176 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. XI

Seymeria coahuilana (Pennell), comb. nov. Afzelia coahuilana

Pennell, Proc. Acad. Phila. 77: 366. 1925.

Seymeria chihuahuana (Pennell), comb. nov. Afzelia chihua-

huana Pennell, Proc. Acad. Phila. 77: 367. 1925.

Seymeria Havardii (Pennell), comb. nov. Afzelia Havardii

Pennell, Proc. Acad. Phila. 72: 507. 1921.

Seymeria glandulosa (Pennell), comb. nov. Afzelia glandulosa

Pennell, Proc. Acad. Phila. 77: 369. 1925.

Seymeria tenuisecta (Pennell), comb. nov. Afzelia tenuisecta

Pennell, Proc. Acad. Phila. 77: 370. 1925.

Seymeria texana (Gray), comb. nov. S. bipinnatisecta var.

texana Gray in Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 117. 1859. Afzelia texana

Small, Fl. Southeast. U. S. 1072, 1338. 1903.

BIGNONIACEAE

Tabebuia atrovirens (DC.), comb. nov. Tecoma atrovirens DC.

Prodr. 9: 220. 1845.

Tabebuia chrysotricha (Mart.), comb. nov. Tecoma chryso-

tricha Mart, ex DC. Prodr. 9: 216. 1845.

Tabebuia hypodictyon (DC.), comb. nov. Tecoma hypodictyon

DC. Prodr. 9: 217. 1845.

Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart.), comb. nov. Tecoma impeti-

ginosa Mart. Syst. Mat. Med. Bras. 54. 1843.

Tabebuia Ipe (Mart.), comb. nov. Tecoma Ipe Mart. Syst.

Mat. Med. Bras. 55. 1843.

Tabebuia ochracea (Cham.), comb. nov. Tecoma ochracea

Cham. Linnaea 7: 655. 1832.

GESNERIACEAE

Kohleria Deppeana (Schlecht. & Cham.) Fritsch. — In the

Trees and Shrubs of Mexico (Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 1327)

no local name for this plant was reported. The following collection,

therefore, is worthy of special record: Mexico: Fortin, Veracruz,

February, 1883, E. Kerber 324 (herb. Leningrad). Vernacular

name, "arete de la India."

RUBIACEAE

Alibertia Duckei, sp. nov. — Arbor parva omnino glabra,

ramulis crassiusculis subteretibus fusco-brunneis, internodiis elonga-

tis vel saepe valde abbreviatis; vagina stipularis persistens indurata

subtruncata 2-3 mm. alta; folia majuscula graciliter petiolata sub-

coriacea in sicco fusco-brunnea, petiolo 1.5-2 cm. longo; lamina

oblongo-elliptica circa 15 cm. longa et 7 cm. lata apice acuta vel

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 177

subobtusa atque abrupte breviter acuminata, acumine anguste

triangulari acuminate, basi acuta, supra lucida, subtus pallidior

sublucida, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

c. 7 gracillimis prominulis arcuatis, neryulis obscuris laxe reticulatis;

flores masculi terminales numerosi fasciculati sessiles vel brevissime

crasse pedicellati dense congest!, bracteis parvis oblongo-lanceolatis

intus sericeis; calyx late campanulatus, tubo 6-7 mm. longo, 6-8

mm. lato, lobis tubo paullo brevioribus anguste triangularibus

attenuato-acuminatis minute ciliolatis; corolla viridis coriacea extus

glabra, tubo crasso 2 cm. longo basi 5-6 mm. lato supra paullo

angustato, lobis 4 elliptico-ovatis subobtusis intus minute puberulis

8-9 mm. longis. — Brazil: Obidos, civ. Para, silva non inundabili

regione Castanhal do Paiol, December 4, 1926, A. Ducke 22917

(herb. Berol., type).

There is much doubt regarding the generic position of this

plant, which seems to fit better, however, in Alibertia than in any

other group of the Gardenieae. In Alibertia it is remarkable for

its large flowers and especially for the large and deeply lobed calyx.

The collector suggests that the flowers may be abnormal, perhaps

as the result of insect attacks, but I find no basis for such a belief.

Alibertia hadrantha, sp. nov. — Arbor 27-metralis omnino

glabra, ramulis teretibus fusco-brunneis; folia magna breviter

petiolata coriacea, petiolo crasso c. 1 cm. longo supra piano subtus

rotundato; lamina late elliptica vel oblongo-elliptica 12-18 cm. longa

et 7-10 cm. lata vel ultra, apice rotundata et brevissime obtuse

acuminata, basi rotundata atque abrupte contracta, breviter decur-

rens, supra in sicco fusco-ojivacea lucida, costa nervisque vix

prominentibus, venulis prominulis atque arete reticulatis, subtus

fere concolor, costa crassa elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

c. 11 eleyatis valde arcuatis angulo lato divergentibus, venis vix

prominulis inconspicuis; flores masculi terminales numerosi sessiles

densissime capitato-aggregati ; hypanthium brevissimum vix 1 mm.

longum, calyce campanulato truncate 1.5 mm. longo extus glabro

intus sericeo, disco annulari brevissimo; corolla extus glabra coriacea

in alabastro 1 cm. longa, tubo cylindraceo recto 4 mm. crasso intus

glabro, lobis late ovatis obtusis tubo duplo brevioribus; stamina

prope basin tubi inserta, filamentis brevibus, antheris linearibus 8

mm. longis; stylus glaber. — Brazil: Territory of Acre, near mouth

of Rio Macauhan, a tributary of Rio Yaco, basin of Rio Purus,

on terra firma, September 2, 1933, B. A. Krukoff 5735 (type in

herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.; photo, and fragm. in herb. Field Mus.).

The distinctive characters of the species are the unusually

large leaves, the very dense, many-flowered staminate inflorescences,

and the short corolla.

Alibertia itayensis, sp. nov. — Frutex 1.5-2-metralis, ramu-

lis gracilibus teretibus fuscis, novellis dense puberulis, internodiis

178 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

brevibus; stipulae persistentes erectae triangulares sensim rigido-

acuminatae 4-6 mm. longae dense puberulae; folia majuscula opposita

breviter petiolata membranacea, petiolo gracili 7-11 mm. longo

dense minute puberulo; lamina elliptica vel oblongo-elliptica, inter-

dum obovato-elliptica, 7.5-12.5 cm. longa, 3.5-6 cm. lata, acuta

vel abrupte acuta, acumine obtuso, basi acuta, supra in sicco viri-

descens, ad venas minute puberula, aliter glabra vel glabrata, venis

venulisque prominentibus, subtus paullo pallidior, minute puberula

vel pijosula vel serius glabrata, costa gracili prpminente, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere c. 8 gracillimis prominentibus angulo

semirecto adscendentibus obliquis fere rectis prope marginem con-

junctis, nervulis prominulis laxe reticulatis; flores masculi terminales

sessiles c. 3; calyx truncatus cupulatus 1.5 mm. longus puberulus;

corolla extus minutissime hispidulo-pilosula, tubo subcuryo 2.5

cm. longo basi fere 4 mm. lato supra sensim angustato, lobis albis

1.5-2 cm. longis oblongis acuminatis patentibus intus glabris;

cetera ignota. — Peru: Soledad, on Rio Itaya, Dept. Lpreto, alt.

110 meters, in dense forest, September, 1929, E. P. Killip & A. C.

Smith 29741 (U. S. Nat. Herb., No. 1,463,008, type).

Closely related to Alibertia pilosa Krause, which differs in its

smaller staminate flowers and much longer, harsher pubescence.

Alibertia longiflora Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 6: 412.

1889.

Brazil: Top of Serra da Gramma, District Carangola, Minas

Geraes, 1,700 meters, February, 1930, Ynes Mexia 4%85; growing at

extreme timber line; a spreading tree 5 meters high, along stream

in open campo; flowers white, fragrant; one tree seen.

Alibertia macrantha, sp. nov. — Ramuli graciles teretes,

vetustioribus brunnescentibus, novellis dense retrorso-hispidis, inter-

nodiis brevibus; stipulae non visae; folia majuscula breviter petiolata

opposita membranacea, petiolo 4-8 mm. longo hispido; lamina

elliptica vel oblongo-elliptica 8-13.5 cm. longa 3-6 cm. lata subab-

rupte acuminata, acumine angustp acute attenuate, basi acuta,

supra sparse ad venas densius pilis longis patentibus hirsuta vel

glabrata, venis venulisque prominulis, subtus densiuscule hirsuta,

costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 8 gracillimis

prominentibus angulo semirecto adscendentibus obliquis prope

marginem conjunctis, nervulis prominulis laxe reticulatis; flores

masculi terminales sessiles pauci; calyx cupulatus truncatus hispi-

dulus 1.5-2 mm. longus; corolla alba, tubo subcurvo incrassato

4 cm. longo basi 4 mm. lato supra sensim angustato pilis brevibus

patentibus hispidulo, lobis 5 anguste lanceolato-oblongis 3-3.5 cm.

longis 8-10 mm. latis breviter acuminatis, prope basin subcontractis

patentibus intus glabris, extus sparse hispidulis. — Brazil: Barreiras

de Tabatinga, Rio Jurua, upper Amazon region, November 13,

1874, J. W. H. Traill 449 (herb. Kew., type).

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 179

In the form of its leaves and flowers and in pubescence this

plant is like Alibertia pilosa Krause, of the same general region.

That species differs notably in its much smaller staminate flowers.

Alibertia macrophylla Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 6:

394. 1889.

Of the specimens seen by the writer the following apparently are

referable to this species: Brazil: Maranhao, Pohl 5116 (photo, of

type ex herb. Berol.). Without locality, Spencer Moore 540 (photo,

ex herb. Berol.). Cuyaba, Matto Grosso, G. 0. A. Malme 1853

(herb. Stockholm). Cuyaba, in "cerrado" subruderali, Malme,

December 4, 1902 (S). Without locality, Burchell 8234 (herb. Kew.,

herb. Paris).

Burchell states that the vernacular name is "mermelada

d'espinha," and that the plant is a shrub of 2-3 meters. The three-

celled globose solitary fruits, about 3 cm. in diameter, are densely

covered with short spinelike projections. At maturity they are

black and edible. Among the species of Alibertia this is easily

recognized by its tuberculate fruit, which was not described by

Schumann, although he states that the ovary is tuberculate. Spencer

Moore 540 was distributed as a new species of Alibertia.

Alibertia uniflora, sp. nov. — Arbuscula (?) pmnino glabra,

ramulis gracilibus rigidis, vetustioribus pallidis rimosis, novellis

gracilibus pallide brunneis teretibus vel subangulatis, internodiis

elongatis vel saepe valde abbreviatis; stipulae in vaginam

incrassatam truncatam 1.5-2 mm. longam connatae; folia parva

breviter petiolata coriacea, petiolo crassiusculo 3-5 mm. longo;

lamina elliptica vel oblongo-elliptica 3.5-6 cm. longa 1.5-3 cm.

lata abrupte acuminata acumine triangulari obtuso, basi acuta,

supra in sicco fusca lucida, costa impressa, nervis venisque pallidis

vix elevatis, subtus pallidior brunnescens, costa gracili elevatar

nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 8 gracillimis prominulis subar-

cuatis angulo latiusculo adscendentibus ante marginem junctis,

venulis obsoletis; flores terminales solitarii sessiles, bracteolis in

cupulam truncatam 1.5 mm. longam connatis; calyx truncatus

2 mm. longus resinosus; corolla in alabastro acuta 6 mm. longa

extus dense sericea et resinosa, lobis tubo brevioribus. — British

Guiana: Roraima, 1842-43, Schomburgk 694 (herb. Paris, type).

The plant is easy of recognition because of the solitary staminate

flowers. The foliage is similar to that of A. myrciifolia Schum.

Alseis peruviana, sp. nov.— Arbor, ramulis obtuse tetragonis

vel subteretibus crassis densissime fulvo-hispidulis; stipulae deciduae

1-1.5 cm. longae ovatae acuminatae dense adpresso-pilosae; folia

180 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

magna fere sessilia opposita membranacea, petiolo 0.5-2.5 cm.

longo fulvo-hispidulo; lamina rhombeo-oblanceolata vel cuneatp-

obovata 21-37 cm. longa 7-18 cm. lata acuta vel acuminata basin

versus longissime sensim attenuata, supra in sicco fusca vel viri-

descens, densiuscule breviter patenti-pilosula, costa venisque prom-

inulis, subtus fere concolor, densius pilis brevibus patentibus vel

subadpressis fulvis hispidula, costa crassiuscula elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere c. 20 gracilibus prominentibus angulo

latiusculo interdum fere recto adscendentibus subobliquis, nervulis

prominulis arete reticulatis; inflorescentiae terminates, floribus

spicatis, spicis congesto-paniculatis 6-17 cm. longis c. 1 cm. crassis

longe attenuatis dense multifloris, rhachi crassa dense fulvo-hispidula,

floribus rectangule patentibus, dense fasciculatis et congestis, arete

sessilibus, bracteis ferrugineis anguste linearibus attenuatis glabratis

patentibus persistentibus floribus paullo brevioribus; hypanthium

late oblongum 1.2 mm. longum densissime fulvo-hispidulum, calyce

6-partito aequilongo, laciniis glabris vel glabratis inaequalibus

lanceolato-oblongis acutis; corolla tubuloso-urceolaris 2.5^3 mm.

longa extus dense minute fulvo-hispidula, lobis brevissimis incurvis;

stamina inclusa; styli rami exserti crassiusculi recurvi. — Peru:

Puerto Arturo, Yurimaguas, Dept. Loreto, in forest, alt. 200 meters,

November 15, 1929, Llewelyn Williams 5030 (herb. Field Mus. No.

623,099, type). Juan Guerra, near Tarapoto, Dept. San Martin,

December 30, 1929, Williams 6916 (sterile).

Vernacular names, "mishu-quiro" and "palo bianco."

No species of A Iseis has been reported hitherto from Peru. This

one is a relative of the Brazilian Alseis floribunda Schott, which has

usually larger flowers and long-exserted stamens.

Amaioua ursina Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 168. 1930.

The species was based upon two collections from British Guiana.

It may now be reported from another country: French Guiana:

Melinon (herb. Paris).

Amphidasya, gen. nov. — Frutices erecti vel herbae, caulibus

simplicibus crassis; stipulae intrapetiolares magnae persistentes

multifidae, laciniis numerosis linearibus vel filiformibus inaequali-

bus; folia opposita (vel interdum alterna?) magna membranacea

longipetiolata integra; flores mediocres in axillis dense aggregatis,

bracteis multifidis magnis persistentibus floribus longioribus; hypan-

thium turbinatum vel oblongum; calycis lobi lineares vel fere fili-

formes maxime elongati saepe insuper paullo dilatati et interdum

colorati; corollae tubus gracilis elongatus, supra vix ampliatus,

lobis angustis oblongis tubo brevioribus; antherae lineares dorsifixae

inclusae; ovarium biloculare; bacca oblonga vel oblongo-clavata;

semina numerosissima ferruginea minuta.

Type species, Sabicea ambigua Standl.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 181

Amphidasya ambigua (Standl.), comb. nov. Sabicea ambigua

Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 7: 49. 1930.

Colombia: Type collected in Colombia, without definite locality,

Triana 1847 (herb. Kew.). Coteje, Rio Timbiqui, Lehmann BT51 9

(herb. Kew.). Intendencia del Choco, La Concepcion, 15 km. east

of Quibdo, 75 meters, April-May, 1931, Archer 1993 (U. S. Nat.

Herb.). Provincias de Choco y Barbacoas, Triana 1847 and 1848

(herb. Paris) ; vernacular name "yerba de maleficio."

The Archer collection is by far the best and most ample that I

have seen of this plant. The collector states that it has a single

stem and is a shrub 30-100 cm. high; the bracts and calyx lobes

are white.

Also to be referred to the genus is the following plant:

Amphidasya umbrosa (Wernham), comb. nov. Sabicea

umbrosa Wernham, Monog. Sabicea 27. pi. 1, f. 1. 1914.

The two plants are clearly congeneric, but differ conspicuously

in foliage and flower characters. They are similar in habit, leaf

size, inflorescence, and especially in their strange stipules and

bracts. Wernham referred the second species without hesitation

to Sabicea, merely remarking that it was the only American repre-

sentative of the subgenus Stipulariopsis, otherwise African. The

two Colombian plants diverge so conspicuously from even the African

species of Sabicea that it does not seem reasonable to refer them to

the same genus. None of the Colombian material thus far avail-

able is completely satisfactory for study, especially of the flower

and fruit characters, but it seems to me that the nature of

the stipules alone is quite enough to afford a basis for segregating

the Colombian plants as a distinct genus. It is probable that when

complete material has been assembled for examination, other good

characters will be found for separating the genera even more clearly.

One familiar with the genus Sabicea, upon seeing either of the

Colombian plants, is not likely to suspect their relationship with that

group.

Amphidasya bullata, sp. nov. — Caulis crassus dense breviter

pilosulus; stipulae virides c. 2.5 cm. longa herbaceae fere ad basin

multifidae, laciniis subulatis dense sordide puberulis; folia opposita

vel alterna longe petiolata firme membranacea, petiolo gracili 4.5-

6.5 cm. longo dense et patule f ulvo-pilosulo ; lamina oblongo-elliptica

vel obovato-elliptica 13-14.5 cm. longa 6-7 cm. lata abrupte cuspi-

dato-acuminata, acumine anguste triangulari longe attenuate c.

1 cm. longo, basi acuta vel obtusa, valde bullata, supra in sicco

fusco-viridis, glabra, venis valde impressis, subtus paullo pallidior,

ad venas densissime patule pilosula, costa gracili elevata, nervis

182 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

lateralibus utroque latere c. 15 gracilibus elevatis angulo latiusculo

adscendentibus obliquis subarcuatis prope marginem conjunctis,

nervulis prominentibus et laxe reticulatis; flores in axillis dense

aggregati numerosi sessiles vel subsessiles, bracteis stipulis conformi-

bus et aequilongis; calyx ad basin partitus, laciniis viridibus lineari-

attenuatis 1-1.5 cm. longis vel ultra dense fulvo-puberulis; bacca

clavato-oblonga c. 1 cm. Tonga et 4 mm. crassa basin versus paullo

attenuate sparse puberula calyce persistente coronata. — Colombia:

Provincias de Choco y Barbacoas, "alt. 100" (meters?), May,

1853, J. Triana 3315 (herb. Paris, type).

Vernacular name, "yerba de maleficio."

The present plant is obviously related to A. umbrosa and

A. ambigua. It resembles more closely A. umbrosa, but the latter

has much larger leaves on greatly elongate petioles, and the blades

are not bullate as in the plant here described.

Anisomeris laxiflora, sp. nov. — Ramuli graciles teretes recti

fusco-ferruginei lenticellati ad nodos sparse adpresso-hispidi, inter-

nodiis elongatis foliis brevioribus; stipulae lanceolato-triangulares

acuminatae 3-4 mm. longae erectae sparse adpresso-hirsutae; folia

medipcria breviter petiolata subcoriacea in siccp fusca, petiolo

crassiusculo 3-6 mm. longo sparse hispido; lamina elliptica vel

oblongo-elliptica 8-14.5 cm. longa 4-7.5 cm. lata abrupte breviter

obtuso-acuminata, basi obtusa vel acuta, supra glabra, subtus

paullo pallidior ad costam nervosque sparse adpresso-hispida vel

glabrata, in axillis interdum dense barbata, costa gracili elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 6 angulo semirecto adscendenti-

bus leviter arcuatis prominentibus prope marginem junctis, venulis

obscuris laxissime reticulatis; inflorescentiae terminales vel ex axillis

supremis nascentes graciliter 2-4 cm. longe pedunculatae cymosae

laxe multiflorae basi trichotomae densae 2-6 cm. latae, ramis sparse

hispidulis vel glabris, floribus 1-3 mm. longe pedicellatis vel ex

parte sessilibus, bracteis minutis vel obsoletis; hypanthium clavatum

basi acutum 2-2.5 mm. longum sparsissime adpressp-hispidulum

vel glabrum, calyce 1 mm. longo breviter lobato, lobis semiorbic-

ularibus apice rotundatis; corolla extus sparse strigosa, tubo gracili

11-12 mm. longo superne vix dilatato, lobis 2.5 mm. longis patentibus

ovato-oblongis obtusis intus glabris; antherae subexsertae recurvae;

drupa bilocularis cylindracea 8-10 mm. longa fere 3 mm. lata

glabra apice calyce persistente coronata. — Colombia: Without

locality, Jose Celestino Mutis 3673 (U. S. Nat. Herb. No. 1,560,379,

type; fragm. in herb. Field Mus.), 2955, 779.

Remarkable for the lax, many-flowered inflorescence, which,

like the corollas, is strongly suggestive of some species of Rondeletia.

Arcytophyllum ericoides (Willd.), comb. nov. Hedyotis eri-

coides Willd. ex R. & S. Syst. Veg. 3: 527. 1819. Arcytophyllum

parvijolium Krause, Bot. Jahrb. 40: 313. 1908. A. virgatum Standl.

Field Mus. Bot. 4: 325. 1929.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 183

When A. virgatum was described as new, no material of A.

parvifolium was available for comparison, but judging from descrip-

tion alone, the plant published as A. virgatum appeared to be quite

distinct. A photograph and fragment of the type specimen of

A. parvifolium received from the Berlin herbarium show clearly

that the two plants are identical. There is at hand also a photo-

graph of the type specimen of Hedyotis ericoides, from the Willdenow

Herbarium, and this seems to represent the same species. Weddell

in the Chloris Andina considered Hedyotis ericoides a mere variety

of H. thymifolia R. & P., but the two are quite different, as species

go in this genus of closely related forms. Hedyotis ericoides

was described from the high mountains of Colombia, but it

has not been collected recently in that country. It is known also

from Peru.

Arcytophyllum filiforme (R. & P.), comb. nov. Hedyotis

filiformis R. & P. Fl. Peruv. 1: 57. pi. 87, f. 6. 1798. H. conferta

R. & P. loc. cit. pi 87, f. a. 1798.

So far as I am able to determine from examination of a consider-

able number of specimens, including authentic material, the plants

to which the names listed above apply are conspecific. There are

numerous other synonyms, which it is not necessary to list here.

Arcytophyllum Macbridei, sp. nov. — Frutex erectus dense

ramosus usque ad 30 cm. altus vel ultra, ramis crassis, ramis vetustis

defoliatis sed stipulis persistentibus vestitis, crassis rigidis saepe

plus minusve tortuosis, junioribus omnino stipulis occultis; stipulae

subimbricatae triangulari-ovatae glabrae vel puberulae apice setis nu-

merosis brevibus vel saepius yalde elongatis onustae; folia subsessilia

lanceolato-oblonga vel lineari-oblonga 3-11 mm. longa glabra rigida

coriacea apice acuta vel acutiuscula mutica basi obtusa lucidissima

scaberulo-ciliata supra ad costam sulcata, subtus pallidiora obtuse

carinata, subdivaricata vel adscendentia et saepe subrecurva;

flores numerosi ad apices ramorum dense capitato-congesti et capi-

tulum globosum interdum efformantes sessiles; hypanthium globosum

glabrum; sepala erecta rigida acuta 2-3 mm. longa oyato-oblonga

acuta erecta; corolla c. 6 mm. longa extus glabra, lobis patentibus

oblongis acutiusculis intus glabris; antherae exsertae; capsula sub-

globosa c. 2.5 mm. longa. — Peru: Without locality, Weberbauer 6102

(herb. Field Mus. No. 618,875, type). Trail from Chachapoyas to

Moyobamba, Williams 7576. Tambo de Laurel, between Dunia

and Chachapoyas, Dept. Amazonas, Raimondi 1048 (herb. Berol.).

Cutervo, Dept. Cajamarca, Raimondi 4968 (B), 4679 (B); Jelski

6266 (B).

Heretofore I have confused material of this species with A. setosum

(R. & P.) Standl., to which it is most closely related. In A. setosum,

184 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

however, the leaves are distinctly setiferous at the apex, and there

are other but less conspicuous differences between the two species.

Bathysa Nicholsonii Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 6: 236.

1889.

Brazil: Vicosa, on bank above small valley, Minas Geraes,

680 meters, January, 1930, Ynes Mexia 4211a; a slender tree 10

meters high; bark light gray; flowers green; only one tree found.

Vicosa, Fazenda de Grasiuma, 700 meters, on wooded slope asso-

ciated with bamboo and taller trees, 700 meters, May, 1930, Mexia

4695; a tree 8 meters high; leaves sometimes 63 cm. long and 31 cm.

wide; fruit green and dry; occasional.

Both the collections cited have almost glabrous leaves, those

of the typical form being copiously pubescent. The second of the

collections has capsules as much as 7 mm. long, almost twice as

large as described by Schumann. I believe, however, that both

specimens represent mere forms 'of B. Nicholsonii.

Borreria Bradei, sp. nov. — Perennis (?), erecta, herbacea vel

suffruticpsa usque ad 40 cm. alta ramosa, caulibus gracilibus rigidis

subteretibus vel subangulatis luteo-viridibus glabris, internodiis

plerumque foliis longioribus; vagina stipularis 1.5-2 mm. longa

pilpsa setis paucis subulatis 3-4 mm. longis pilosulis instructa;

folia parva in sicco luteo-viridia lanceolata vel oblongo-lanceolata

12-20 mm. longa 3-7 mm. lata acuminata basi in petiolum brevem

attenuata, supra scaberula cpsta nervisque plus minusve impressis,

subtus pallidiora sparse pilis longis albidis rigidis pilosa, costa

nervisque paucis valde elevatis, margine revoluto; flores capitati,

capitulis plerumque terminalibus 1-2 axillaribus interdum axillis

supremis insertis 8-10 mm. latis densissime multifloris, terminalibus

bracteis foliaceis 2 usque ad 7 mm. longis fulcratis, bracteis paten tibus

fere liberis, floribus arete sessilibus; hypanthium anguste clavatum

glabratum 2 mm. longum; sepala 4 lineari-attenuata 3 mm. longa

erecta sparse pilosula; corolla alba extus prope apicem hispidula

aliter glabra 4-4.5 mm. longa, tubo crasso supra yix dilatato, lobis

4 rotundatis tubo duplo brevioribus; stamina in fauce corollae

inserta subexserta, filamentis brevibus gracillimis glabris, antheris

late oblongis brevibus; stylus filiformis apice profunde bifidus,

ramulis gracillimis. — Brazil: State of Rio de Janeiro, Therezopolis,

Pedra Chapadao, alt. 1,950 meters, November 8, 1929, A. C. Brade

9953 (Mus. Nac. Rio de Jan. No. 22770; type specimen in herb.

Berol.).

As indicated by the bright yellow coloration of the dried speci-

mens, as well as by the bifid style, the plant belongs to Schumann's

group Latifoliae, and it is related to Borreria latifolia (Aubl.) Schum.

The latter is a prostrate or procumbent plant of distinctive appear-

ance with numerous flower heads, nearly all of which are axillary.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 185

Borreria Dussii, sp. nov. — Herba perennis saepe suffruticosa

ramosa, ramis gracilibus et elongatis vel interdum brevibus crassis-

que subteretibus vel subangulatis, yetustioribus ferrugineis gla-

bris, internodiis foliis brevioribus; vagina stipularis laxa fere 2 mm.

longa plus minusve scabra setis paucis rigidis c. 1 mm. longis ciliata;

folia mediocria vel parva oblonga vel elliptico-oblonga 5-24 mm.

longa 2.5-7 mm. lata obtusa vel acuta basi in petiolum brevem acute

angustata carnosula et in sicco saepe subcoriacea glabra, saepe

scaberulo-ciliata, 1-nervia, subtus paullo pallidiora; flores in capitula

terminalia densa multiflora aggregata, capitulis 6-7 mm. latis

subglobosa foliis 2 inyolucrata; hypanthium glabrum, sepalis 4

spathulatis apice obtusis vel rotundatis carnosis erectis 1.5 mm.

longis; corolla glabra c. 2 mm. longa, lobis 4 acutiusculis; capsula

glabra fere 2 mm. longa calyce coronata septicide bivalvis. — Guade-

loupe: Seacoast, Vieux Fort, Duss (herb. Paris, type). Without

locality, Duss 2775 (herb. Field Mus., sterile). Vieux Fort, dry

rocky places of littoral savannas, in 1893, Duss 312 (P). Without

locality, in 1841, Perrottet (P) ; U Herminier (P). Without locality,

probably from Guadeloupe (herb. Guyanensi), L. C. Richard (P).

The material of this apparently distinct species, although con-

sisting of several collections, is not in altogether satisfactory condi-

tion for study, the best sheet being the last one cited, which is not

accompanied by locality data. The plant appears to be related

to B. laevis (Lam.) Griseb., but differs conspicuously in habit and

leaf characters, as well as in the form of sepals and capsules. I

have seen no similar specimens from other Antillean islands.

Borreria latifolia (Aubl.) Schum. — There may be mentioned

here a recent collection of this species, worthy of note only because

of the data accompanying it: Colombia: Quibdo, Rio Atrato, In-

tendencia del Choco, W. A. Archer 2105 (U. S. Nat. Herb.). The

vernacular name is reported as "yerba dulce," and it is stated that

the weedy plant is employed in local medicine because of its supposed

diuretic properties.

Borreria suaveolens Mey. var. linoides (DC.), comb. nov.

Borreria linoides DC. Prpdr. 4: 548. 1830. B. tenella (HBK.)

Cham. & Schlecht. var. linoides Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt.

6: 55. 1888.

Borreria suaveolens Mey. var. platyphylla (Schum.), comb,

nov. B. tenella (HBK.) Cham. & Schlecht. var. platyphylla

Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 6: 55. 1888.

Borreria vulpina Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 389. 1931.

Of this distinct species, recently described, a second collection

has come to hand recently: Arica near Cuyaba, State of Matto

Grosso, Brazil, in "cerrado" arenoso subhumido, May, 1903, G. 0.

186 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

A. Malme 3252 (herb. Stockholm). The plants are immature, and

without mature fruit, hence it still is impossible to determine whether

the species is more properly referable to Borreria or Mitracarpus.

Borreria Wunschmanni Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 6:

53. 1888.

The following collection apparently is referable to this rare

species: Santo Antonio, Matto Grosso, Brazil, loco argillaceo sub-

humido parce graminoso, December, 1893, G. A. Malme 1248 (herb.

Stockholm). I have seen no material of the species, but there is

in the herbarium of Field Museum a photograph of Burchell 8977,

and this agrees perfectly with the Malme collection. Schumann

seems to have exaggerated somewhat his description of the bractlets

and sepals, if the new material is conspecific with the collections

that he cites.

Bouyardia Loeseneriana, sp. nov. — Frutex ramosus, ramis

subteretibus glabris fuscp-brunnescentibus, vetustioribus pallide

cinnamomeis vel albidis, internodiis plerumque elongatis; stipulae

in vaginam persistentem subtruncatam apice setis paucis elongatis

onustam connatae; folia opposita crasse membranacea breviter

petiolata, petiolo 3-5 mm. longo crassiusculo longe ciliato; lamina

ovata vel late elliptico-ovata 2.5-5 cm. longa 1.5-3.5 cm. lata acuta

vel breviter sensimque acuminata basi late rotundata vel subcordata

ciliata sed aliter glabra, supra in sicco fusca interdum sublucida

nervis subimpressis venulis plus minusve prominulis, subtus con-

spicue pallidior, nervis ut costa prominentibus plerisque prope

basin nascentibus angulo acuto arcuato-adscendentibus, venulis

obsoletis; flores ad apices ramulorum cymoso-corymbosi numerosi

conferti brevissime crasse pedicellati, inflorescentia basi foliaceo-

bracteata; hypanthium c. 1 mm. longum subglobosum glabrum,

calyce 4-5 mm. longp vel post anthesin accrescente profunde lobato,

laciniis anguste triangularibus vel triangulari-lanceolatis longe

attenuatis ad margines scaberulis viridibus; corolla ut videtur

albida extus dense minute papilloso-puberula, tubo gracili 15-18

mm. longo supra sensim dilatato, Ipbis oblongo-ovalibus 3-4 mm.

longis obtusis suberectis; stylus gracilis lobis corollae paullo longior.

—Mexico: Texquitzin near Chilapa, Guerrero, October 26, 1929,

L. Schultze 89 (type in herb. Berol.).

Perhaps a relative of Bouvardia multiflora (Cav.) Schult., of the

same general region, but in that species the corolla is glabrous out-

side. The fine dense pubescence of the corolla seems to be distinctive

for B. Loeseneriana.

The present species is named for Dr. Th. Loesener, whose sys-

tematic studies have added much to the present knowledge of the

Mexican flora.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 187

Bouvardia multiflora (Cav.) Schult. in R. & S. Syst. Veg.

Mant. 3: 118. 1827. Aeginetia multiflora Cav. Anal. Cienc. Nat. 3:

131. 1801. B. xylosteoides Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. 428. 1840.

In the North American Flora (32: 111. 1921) Bouvardia xylo-

steoides Hook. & Arn. was listed as a doubtful species, with the

suggestion that it might not be a member of the genus Bouvardia.

A specimen of the type collection — Andrieux 333 collected near

Oaxaca, Mexico — has been seen recently by the writer among the

Rubiaceae of the Delessert Herbarium. The plant is clearly

Bouvardia multiflora, although the leaves are somewhat smaller

than normal for that species. Andrieux 22^ from Mexico represents

the same form, which is not worthy of separation even as a variety.

Bouvardia villosa Standl. N. Amer. Fl. 32: 107. 1921.

Mexico: Lower mountains near Mitla, Oaxaca, July, G. Andrieux

335 (herb. Delessert).

Calycophyllum Spruceanum (Benth.) Hook. f. ex Schum. in

Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 6: 191. 1889. Eukylista Spruceana Benth.

Kew Gard. Misc. 5: 230. 1853.

There may be reported a further Bolivian collection of the species,

of interest because the native name is given with the specimen:

Bolivia: In forest, Rio Palometilla, Dept. Santa Cruz, 400 meters,

Steinbach 7905 (herb. Stockholm). Vernacular name, "bayabochi."

Cephaelis cotejensis, sp. nov. — Arbuscula 4-metralis, ramulis

crassis subteretibus glabris, internodiis 2-4 cm. longis; stipulae

perfectae non visae; folia magna decussata membranacea brevis-

sime petiolata, petiolo crasso 1-2.5 cm. longo; lamina late oblan-

ceolato-oblonga 27-35 cm. longa 9-12 cm. lata apice late obtusa

vel rotundata et breviter abrupte protracta, acumine oblongo-

triangulari obtuso c. 8 mm. longo, basin versus longissime sensim

attenuata, supra in sicco fusco-olivacea glabra costa prominente

nervis vix elevatis, subtus pallidior ubique dense minute scaberulo-

puberula, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

c. 25 gracilibus prpminentibus arcuatis angulo lato adscendentibus

in marginem desinentibus, neryulis prominulis laxe reticulatis;

inflorescentia terminalis subsessilis densissima spiciformis 10-16

cm. longa 3.5 cm. lata, bracteis numerosissimis imbricatis late

rotundatis vel orbiculari-spathulatis vel apice fere truncatis 1.5

cm. longis vel ultra et aequilatis dense puberulis crassis; drupae

5 mm. longae. — Colombia: Coteje on Rio Timbiqui, alt. 300 meters

or less, November, 1898, F. C. Lehmann 9022 (type in herb. Berol.).

According to the collector, the flowers are flesh-red and the

bracts magenta-red. The flowers are so poorly preserved that I

have not been able to describe their structure.

188 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

This plant must be a strikingly showy one in life, and it repre-

sents a clearly distinct and more or less abnormal species for the

genus. It is a relative of Cephaelis Trianae Standl., also Colombian,

but in that the leaves have only about thirteen pairs of nerves, and

the inflorescences are but 4-4.5 cm. long.

Cephaelis crassifolia Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 7: 77. 1930.

For this species a second collection is now available for study:

Colombia: Intendencia del Choco, La Concepcion, 15 km. east of

Quibdo, 75 meters, April-May, 1931, W. A. Archer 2088 (U. S. Nat.

Herb.). A slender tree 6 meters high; fruit black.

Cephaelis crebrinervia, sp. nov. — Frutex omnino glaber,

ramulis crassis subteretibus fuscis rimosis, internodiis abbreviates;

stipulae in vaginam 2 mm. longam incrassatam connatae, vagina

in lobos 4 breves erectos lineari-subulatos desinente; folia majuscula

breviter petiolata opposita papyracea, petiolo gracili 9-12 mm.

longo; lamina oblonga vel oblanceolato-oblonga 14-21 cm. longa

4.5-7 cm. lata abrupte acuminata vel cuspidato-acuminata, acumine

1-1.5 cm. longo acuto, basin versus longiuscule sensim angustata,

supra in sicco cinereo-viridis, costa venisque prominulis, subtus

concolor, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c.

25, aliis 1-3 fere aequalibus parallelis inter paria interpositis, tener-

rimis prominentibus angulo lato fere recto divergentibus fere rectis

prope marginem conjunctis, nervulis vix prominulis laxe reticulatis;

inflorescentia terminalis capitata erecta 4 cm. longe pedunculata

corollis exclusis 1 cm. longa et 2 cm. lata dense multiflora basi 4-brac-

teata, floribus dense congestis sessilibus; bracteae exteriores oblongo-

lanceolatae liberae 8-10 mm. longae patentes attenuatae concavae;

hypanthium obconicum 1 mm. longum, calyce late campanulato

1.5 mm. longo subtruncato vel remote repando-denticulato; corolla

alba extus glabra in alabastro apice acuta et brevissime corniculata,

tubo gracili 14 mm. longo fauce abrupte late dilatato intus non

barbato, lobis 5 linearibus patentibus 5 mm. longis acutis intus

glabris; antherae 5 oblongo-lineares semiexsertae. — Brazil: In silvis

non inundatis loco Antonio Lemos prope flumen Tajapuru aestuarii

amazonici, civ. Para, September 27, 1919, A. Ducke 15351 (herb.

BeroL).

The relationship of the plant is obscure, and it is not altogether

satisfactory to refer the species to the genus Cephaelis, although

the form of the inflorescence seems to necessitate its reference there.

The leaves, with their close venation, suggest those of some of the

Brazilian species of Ixora.

Cephaelis hastisepala (Muell. Arg.) Standl. Field Mus. Bot.

8: 375. 1931. Psychotria hastisepala Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras.

6, pt. 5: 350. 1881.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 189

Brazil : Fazenda de Grasiuma, Vicosa, Minas Geraes, 700 meters,

in forest on slope, Ynes Mexia 4704; a shrub 3 meters high; fruit

bright purple when mature; abundant, singly and in colonies, wide-

spread in woods. Vicosa, 690 meters, on hills in cut-over woods,

Mexia J+370; a shrub with waxy- white flowers; corolla early decid-

uous; occasional.

Cephaelis Malmei, sp. nov. — Frutex arborescens 2-3-metralis

praeter inflorescentias omnino glaber, ramulis gracilibus rigidis

subteretibus olivaceis, internpdiis brevibus vel usque ad 2.5 cm.

longis; stipulae persistentes incrassatae 2-3 mm. longae breviter

subulato-apiculatae; folia mediocria vel melius subparva breviter

petiolata crasse membranacea, petiolo crassiusculo 4-8 mm. longo;

lamina oblanceolato-oblonga vel qbovato-oblonga 6-12 cm. longa

2.4-4.5 cm. lata abrupte vel sensim acuminata, acumine angusto

attenuate acuto, basi cuneato-attenuata vel interdum abrupte

contracta et decurrens, supra in sicco laete olivaceo-viridis et inter-

dum lucida, costa venisque pallidis prominulis, subtus paullo pal-

lidior, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 10

gracilibus prominentibus angulo lato adscendentibus pallidis leviter

curvis remote a margine laxe conjunctis, nervulis prominulis laxe

reticulatis; flores capitati, capitulis terminalibus et axillaribus

parvis paucifloris sessilibus c. 6 mm. latis, bracteis arete adpressis

incrassatis infra viridibus 4-5 mm. longis et latioribus, supra pallidis

et ad margines incrassatis et puberulis, floribus arete sessilibus;

calyx ad apicem baccae persistens pallidus cyathiformis breviter

dentatus, dentibus late triangularibus acutiusculis prope apices

dense puberulis; bacca ellipsoidea 5-6 mm. longa glabra lucida.—

Brazil: Santa Anna da Chapada, State of Matto Grosso, in forest,

September 27, 1902, in fruit, G. 0. A. Malme 2401 (herb. Stockholm,

type). Santa Anna da Chapada, August 3, 1902, Malme 2191 (S).

Apparently this plant is referable to Mueller's group Mono-

cephalae of the subgenus Cephaelis, as treated by Mueller in the

Flora Brasiliensis, but it can not be referred to any of the species

placed there, nor does it agree with any other Cephaelis of which I

have seen material. Its outstanding characters are the small,

closely sessile heads and the broad, pubescent calyx lobes.

Cephaelis Mosenii, sp. nov. — Suffrutex omnino glaber decum-

bens vel procumbens ad nodos inferiores radicans 30-50 cm.

altus, caulibus simplicibus vel parce ramosis teretibus stramineis

vel pallide olivaceis, internodiis plerumque foliis aequilongis; stipulae

persistentes glabrae virides 3-4 mm. longae breviter connatae pro-

funde bilobae, lobis triangularibus longe lineari-attenuatis interdum

subrecurvis; folia mediocria brevissime petiolata opposita mem-

branacea, petiolo 1-3 mm. longo; lamina oblongo-elliptica usque

ad late oblonga 5-8 cm. longa 2.5-3.5 cm. lata acuta vel breviter

abrupte acuminata, acumine triangulari acuto, basi acuta usque

ad rotundata, supra in sicco pallide viridis, costa venisque vix

190 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

prominulis pallidis, subtus fere concolor, costa gracili pallida prom-

inente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 9 obliquis pallidis gracili-

bus prominentibus arcuatis prope marginem arcuato-conjunctis,

nervulis prominulis laxe reticulatis; flores capitati sessiles, capitulis

terminalibus solitariis arete sessilibus paucifloris, bracteis exter-

ioribus 9-13 mm. longis oblongis vel anguste ovatis in sicco pallidis

striatis acutis vel interdum longiacuminatis erectis, capitulis fere

duplo longioribus quam latis, bracteis interioribus paullo brevioribus

quam latis, bracteis interioribus paullo brevioribus plerumque

linearibus viridibus; hypanthium glabrum turbinatum 2 mm.

longum; calyx profunde 5-fidus, laciniis viridibus linearibus 5-6

mm. longis attenuatis; corolla extus glabra, tubo gracili 10 mm.

longo supra paullo dilatato fauce dense barbato, lobis 5 patentibus

4-5 mm. longis oblongis attenuato-acutis intus minutissime puberulis

vel fere glabris; antherae lineares fere 2 mm. longae, filamentis

breviter exsertis. — Brazil: Sororocaba, Prov. Sao Paulo, in silvis

humidis, January 15, 1875, Hjalm. Mosen 3182 (herb. Stockholm,

type); December 20, 1874, in silva primaeva, Mosen 3018 (S).

Noteworthy for the very narrow and few-flowered, terminal,

sessile flower heads, subtended by unusually narrow bracts.

Cephaelis plagiantha, sp. nov. — Herbacea vel suffruticosa,

caule simplici c. 30 cm. alto gracili erecto vel basi decumbente in

sicco fusco glabro, internodiis 2-10 cm. longis; stipulae suberectae

persistentes c. 5 mm. longae triangulares ad medium laciniatae

glabrae; folia opposita petiolata membranacea in sicco fusca parva,

petiolo gracili 6-15 mm. longo glabro; lamina anguste oblanceolato-

oblonga 6.5-9.5 cm. longa 2-2.5 cm. lata breviter acute acuminata

basin versus longe attenuate, supra glabra costa venisque non

elevatis, subtus paullo pallidior primo ad nervos sparse villosula vel

puberula cito glabrata, costa gracili paullo elevata, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere c. 8 angulo lato adscendentibus gracillimis vix prom-

inentibus subarcuatis, nervulis obsoletis; inflorescentiae axillares

capitatae pauciflorae solitariae 3-4 mm. longe pedunculatae 5-6

mm. latae, floribus arete sessilibus; bracteae exteriores anguste

ovatae 6-7 mm. longae acuminatae profunde laciniatae et plus

minusve ciliatae; calyx vix 1 mm. longus, laciniis filiformi-linearibus;

corolla alba c. 7 mm. longa glabrata, lobis tubo brevioribus; antherae

lineares exsertae 1.5 mm. longae; fructus oblongus 9 mm. longus

glaber, pyrenis 2 angustis 6 mm. longis. — Peru: Dept. Loreto,

Florida, Rio Putumayo, at mouth of Rio Zubineta, alt. 200 meters,

in forest, March-April, 1931, G. King 2045 (herb. Field Mus.

No. 641,376, type).

Easy of recognition because of its herbaceous habit, low stature,

simple stems, and small few-flowered axillary flower heads.

Apparently referable to Mueller's group Ipecacuanhales. The species

is altogether different from anything reported heretofore from Peru.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 191

Cephaelis guarupana, sp. nov. — Frutex parum ramosus

omnino glaber, ramis crassiusculis teretibus in sicco plivaceis, inter-

nodiis brevibus; stipulae fere liberae persistentes virides, superiores

1.5-2 cm. longae fere ad medium bilobae striato-nerviae, lobis

triangularibus acuminatis; folia breviter petiolata mediocria firme

membranacea, petiolo 8-15 mm. longo; lamina anguste oblanceplato-

oblonga 9-18 cm. longa 3-5 cm. lata breviter subabrupte acuminata

basi attenuato-acuminata in sicco cinereo-viridis vel olivacea, costa

ut nervis supra prominentibus, subtus fere concolor, costa gracili

elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 20 gracillimis prominenti-

bus arcuatis angulo fere recto divergentibus, nervulis obsoletis;

inflorescentia terminalis c. 8 mm. longe pedunculata capitiformis

densissime multiflora 2-2.5 cm. longa et aequilata, bracteis numer-

osis albis, exterioribus late oblongis vel obovatis c. 1.5 cm. longis

obtusis vel acutis, interioribus multo angustioribus saepe longe

acuminatis, floribus arete sessilibus; corolla alba extus glabra, tubo

gracili 12 mm. longo supra vix dilatato, lobis patentibus oblongis

4-5 mm. longis. — Brazil : Guarupa, civ. Para, silva partim secundaria

non inundabili, January 16, 1916, A. Ducke 23113 (herb. Berol.,

type).

Here may be referred also, at least tentatively, Ducke 23040

from Obidos, collected in January, 1916.

Cephaelis spathicalyx (Muell. Arg.) Standl. Field Mus. Bot.

4: 335. 1929. Psychotria spathicalyx Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras.

6, pt. 5: 319. pi. 50, f. 2. 1881.

Brazil: "Environs de Rio de Janeiro," Glaziou 12035 (herb.

Berol., herb. Kew.). Organ Mountains, John Miers 4-114 (K).

Cephaelis leucantha (Krause), comb. nov. Uragoga leucantha

Krause, Bot. Jahrb. 40: 345. 1908.

Cephaelis schraderoides (Krause), comb. nov. Uragoga schra-

deroides Krause, Bot. Jahrb. 40: 344. 1908.

Cephaelis tricholoba (Muell. Arg.), comb. nov. Psychotria

tricholoba Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 5: 343. 1881.

Cephaelis tomentosa (Aubl.) Vahl. — This species is the most

commonly collected of all tropical American Rubiaceae, for collectors,

especially novices, seem never able to resist so showy and handsome

a plant. The following collections are mentioned here only because

of the data accompanying them: Colombia: Quibdo, Rio Atrato,

W. A. Archer 2106. La Conception, Rio Atrato, Archer 2006 (both

specimens in U. S. Nat. Herb.). The vernacular name is recorded

as "sombrerito del diablo." It is stated that a decoction of the

plant is employed locally as a remedy for asthma and as an emmena-

gogue and expectorant.

192 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

Cephaelis umbriana, sp. nov. — Frutex metralis omninp glaber,

ramulis gracilibus rigidis teretibus vel in sicco subcompressis oliva-

ceis, internpdiis elongatis; stipulae persistentes in vaginam trun-

catam brevissimam connatae, vagina in lacinias subulatas 4 erectas

rigidas 4-5 mm. longas desinente; folia mediocria opposita breviter

petiplata in sicco luteovirentia papyracea, petiolo 3-6 mm. longo;

lamina lanceolato-oblonga vel ovato-oblonga 9-11.5 cm. longa 3.5-5

cm. lata longiacuminata basi acuta vel subobtusa sublucida, costa

venisque supra prominentibus, costa gracili subtus eleyata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere c. 13 gracillimis prominentibus angulo

lato saepe fere recto adscendentibus arcuatis juxta marginem cpn-

junctis nervulis paucis prominulis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentiae

terminales capitatae involucratae c. 2 cm. longe pedunculatae

erectae, floribus sessilibus numerosis; bracteae 4 exteriores rubro-

violaceae ovatae vel late ovatae inaequales 1.5-2.5 cm. longae usque

ad 1.5 cm. latae conspicue palmatinerviae acutae vel acuminatae

basi plus minusve cordatae distinctae, bracteis interioribus con-

formibus vel paullo angustioribus brevioribus; hypanthium obo-

voideum 1.5 mm. longum, calyce campanulato vix 1 mm. longo

subintegrp vel undulato; corolla alba c. 2 cm. longa, tubo supra

sensim dilatato fauce 3-4 mm. lato, lobis triangulari-ovatis 4-5

mm. longis acutiusculis glabris; antherae inclusae. — Colombia:

Umbria, Comisaria del Putumayo, alt. 325 meters, in forest, October-

November, 1930, G. King 1718 (herb. Field Mus. No. 641,394, type).

Apparently a handsome plant, not closely like any species of

Cephaelis known from Colombia, nor very near those known from

Peru. It somewhat resembles C. setifera Standl., which has much

smaller flower heads and bracts.

Cephaelis Williamsii Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 185. 1930.

Known heretofore only from the Department of Loreto, Peru,

this species, according to material recently collected, extends also

to Colombia. Colombia: Umbria, Comisaria del Putumayo, 325

meters, in forest, Klug 1769, 1671. A shrub or small tree 2-4 meters

high; corolla cream-colored.

Chimarrhis cymosa Jacq. var. jamaicensis (Urban), comb,

nov. C. cymosa Jacq. subsp. jamaicensis Urban, Symb. Antill. 1:

411. 1899.

Chimarrhis cymosa Jacq. var. microcarpa (Urban), comb,

nov. C. cymosa Jacq. subsp. microcarpa Urban, Symb. Antill. 1:

411. 1899.

Chiococca pubescens Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 20:

209. 1919.

Of this comparatively rare species it is worth while to report a

recent collection: Mexico: Vicinity of El Milagro, Sierra de San Carlos,

Tamaulipas, August, 1930, H. H.Bartlett 11178.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 193

Chiococca pachyphylla Wernham, Journ. Bot. 51: 323. 1913.

This species likewise is a rare one that seldom is collected.

Mexico: Cerro de los Armadillos, Sierra de San Carlos, Tamauli-

pas, on limestone, July, 1930, Bartlett 10179. La Tamaulipeca,

Sierra de San Carlos, on limestone ledges, July, 1930, Bartlett 10609.

Chione venosa (Sw.) Urban, Symb. Antill. 4: 594. 1911. Jac-

quinia venosa Sw. Prodr. 47. 1788.

Williams and Cheesman in the Flora of Trinidad and Tobago

have overlooked the genus Chione, which is represented in Tobago

by the species cited above. The following specimens are in the

herbarium of Field Museum:

Tobago: The Widow, in flower, August, 1910, Broadway 3975;

a tree; flowers white and yellow, fragrant; in fruit, September, 1910,

Broadway 4389.

Coccocypselum Condalia Pers. Syn. PI. 1: 132. 1805.

Paraguay: In viciniis Caaguazu, in 1905, E. Hassler 9036 (herb.

Berol.). In regione fluminis Alto Parana, 1909-1910, K.Fiebrig 6342

(herb. Berol.).

Coccocypselum cordatum Krause, Anex. Mem. Inst. Butantan

1, pt. 3: 13. 1922.

The species was based on Hoehne 753 from Estacao Biologico,

Alto da Serra, Sao Paulo. A photograph and fragment of the type

(ex herb. Berol.) are in the herbarium of Field Museum. The

following collections appear to represent the same well-marked

species: Brazil: Santa Catharina, Pabst 876 (herb. Berol.). Without

locality, Burchell 3162 (herb. Kew.).

Coccocypselum Gardner!, sp. nov. — Caules graciles teretes

glabri yel pilis longis perpaucis induti, internodiis foliis plerumque

longioribus; stipulae erectae lineari-subulatae 5 mm. longae gla-

bratae; folia herbacea petiolata ppposita, petiolo gracili 4-9 mm.

longo sparse setoso-hirsuto; lamina lanceolato-oblonga vel rarius

pvata 3.5-5.5 cm. longa 1.5-2.3 cm. lata acuta basi obtusa, supra

in sicco fusca glabra, costa venisque non elevatis, subtus fusco-

purpurascens, costa venisque ut quoque ad marginem pilis longis

patentibus rigidibus setuloso-hirsuta, costa gracili elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere c. 6 tenerrimis obliquis angulo acuto

adscendentibus leviter arcuatis marginem fere attingentibus, neryulis

obscuris vel obsoletis; inflorescentia terminalis capitata graciliter

1.5 cm. longe pedunculata, pedunculo parce hirsuto, capitulp den-

sissime multiflora 1 cm. lato, bracteis numerosis linearibus hirsuto-

ciliatis calycem aequantibus; calyx 4-partitus, laciniis linearibus

4-5 mm. longis erectis hirsutp-ciliatis; corolla extus sparse hirsuta,

tubo crasso 4 mm. longo, lobis subaequilongis oblongis acutiusculis

intus glabris.— Brazil : Prov. Minas Geraes, in 1841, Gardner 4731

(herb. Kew., type).

194 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

The species is known from a single specimen, but this shows such

definitely marked characters that it seems safe to name it. Cocco-

cypselum Gardneri is related to C. Condalia Pers., but it differs from

all forms of that species in its distinctive pubescence, consisting

of sparse, stiff, long, spreading hairs.

Coccocypselum guianense (Aubl.) Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras.

6, pt. 6: 315. 1889. Tontanea guianensis Aubl. PI. Guian. 108. 1775.

Paraguay: Berges ombrage'es des rivieres a Test de Caaguazu,

November, 1874, Balansa 1741 (herb. Kew.); stems prostrate and

rooting; flowers blue; berries blue.

Coccocypselum Lyman-Smithii Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8:

165. 1930.

Brazil: Prpv. Minas Geraes, 1816-21, Saint- Hilaire D.537 (herb.

Paris). Province of Rio de Janeiro, Glaziou 8732 (herb. Kew.).

Itatiaya, Serra da Mantiqueira, under rocks, 2,300 meters, March,

1931, R. W. Kaempfe 437 (herb. Berlin).

Coccocypselum sessiliflorum, sp. nov. — Herba repens tenuis

ad nodos radicans, caulibus gracillimis, novellis adpresso-pilosulis,

internodiis valde elongatis; stipulae persistences subulatae 2 mm.

longae adpresso-pilosulae; folia parva longe petiolata opposita mem-

branacea, petiolo gracillimo 1-2 cm. longo dense adpresso-pilosulo;

lamina late rotundato-ovata vel subrotundata 1-2.3 cm. longa et

aequilata apice late rotundata vel obtusa et interdum brevissime

apiculata, basi truncata vel subcordata, supra in sicco fusca, sparse

hispidula, subtus vix pallidior, tantum ad venas adpresso-pilosula,

inter nervos pallide minute lineolata, costa gracili prominente,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 5, inferioribus approximates,

superioribus magis remotis, angulo lato adscendentibus arcuatis;

flores in axillis sessiles pauci; calyx 4-partitus, laciniis linearibus

2.5-3 mm. longis hypanthio plus quam duplo longioribus adpresso-

ciliatis; corolla extus glabra 4 mm. longa, tubo crassiusculo supra

paullo dilatato, lobis oblongis tubo bene brevioribus; bacca globosa

4-5 mm. diam. glabra calyce persistente coronata; semina pauca

plano-convexa nigra 1 mm. diam. — Brazil: Without definite locality,

Burchell 2516 (herb. Kew., type). Near Rio de Janeiro, Gaudichaud

(herb. Kew.). Prov. Rio de Janeiro, 1841, Miers 2852 (herb. Kew.).

This well-marked species, represented by three collections of

distinct origin, is related to Coccocypselum herbaceum Lam., of the

Greater Antilles and Central America. The latter is a larger plant

whose relatively narrower leaves are mostly acute at the base.

Corynula pilosa (Benth.) Hook. f. in Hook. Icon. 12: 22.

pi. 1123. 1876. Mitchella pilosa Benth. PI. Hartw. 194. 1845.

This plant, which in general appearance resembles closely

Nertera depressa, a common species of the mountains of tropical

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 195

America, was described from the high mountains of Ecuador, and

has been discovered lately in the mountains of Bolivia. It has

not been recorded from Peru, but the following collection proves

its occurrence there: Rio Mixiollo, Libertad, Weberbauer 7028 (herb.

Field Muls., a fragment received from herb. Berol.).

Coussarea auriculata Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 4: 330. 1929.

The type of this species, which is easily recognized by its sessile

leaves with narrowly auriculate bases, was collected at the mouth

of the Rio Santiago in eastern Peru, and until recently no other

collection of the plant except the original one has been known. The

species may be reported now for another country:

Bolivia: Bellavista, Mapiri region, 800 meters, April, 1927, Otto

Buchtien 1731 (U. S. Nat. Herb.).

Coussarea chariantha, sp. npv. — Frutex 2-2.5 m. altus,

trunco 10-15 cm. diam., ramulis viridibus glabris; stipulae lineari-

subulatae 6-8 mm. longae; folia breviter petiolata magna crasse

papyracea, petiolo crassiusculo c. 2 cm. longo; lamina late elliptica

14-20 cm. longa 7.5-12.5 cm. lata apice subrotundata et abrupte

breviter cuspidato-acuminata acumine 1.1-1.5 cm. longo, basi late

rotundata vel interdum subacuta, glabra, costa supra subimpressa

vel plana, subtus in sicco viridis, costa crassa elevata, nervis laterali-

bus utroque latere c. 12 angulo saepe fere recto diyergentibus sub-

arcuatis gracilibus elevatis juxta marginem conjunctis, nervulis

prominulis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis longipedunculata

laxe corymboso-paniculata multiflora 9 cm. longa et aequilata,

ramis gracilibus adscendentibus sparsissime strigillosis vel fere

glabris, floribus graciliter 2-4 mm. longe pedicellatis; hypanthium

glabrum vel glabratum 1.5 mm. longum basi acutum obovoideum,

calyce 1.5 mm. longo subtruncato remote brevissime inaequaliter

dentato glabro; corolla alba aperta non visa in alabastro lineari-

oblonga 6-7 mm. longa apice obtusa glabra vel sparsissime minute

sericea, lobis tubo longioribus. — Colombia: El Humbo, Department

of Boyaca, alt. 750 meters, in dense forest, November 11, 1932, A. E.

Lawrance 575 (herb. Field Mus. No. 708,644, type).

Coussarea contracta (Walp.) Muell. Arg. Flora 58: 467. 1875.

Faramea contracta Walp. Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 19: Suppl. 1: 351.

1843. F. Fiebrigii Krause, Bot. Jahrb. 40: 347. 1908.

Brazil: Vallinhos, Parana, in silva primaeva, November, 1910,

Dusen 10783. Without locality, Sello 1785.— Paraguay: Grande

foret de Caaguazu, November, 1874, Balansa 1749 (herb. Kew.);

shrub 3-4 meters high ; flowers white, fragrant. Plaine de Pirayu-bi

entre Paraguari et Ibitimi, dans le bois, February, 1876, Balansa

1749a (K) ; shrub 3-4 meters high; fruit white. Sierra de Amambay,

Hassler 11391 (K, herb. Berol., Paris). In regione fluminis Alto

Parana, Fiebrig 6130 (K). Central Paraguay, Hassler 3505. Cor-

dillera de Altos, Fiebrig 21 7a (type collection of Faramea Fiebrigii).

196 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

Coussarea Hoehnei (Krause), comb. nov. Faramea Hoehnei

Krause, Anex. Mem. Inst. Butantan 1, fasc. 3: 25. pi. 5. 1922.

Coussarea hyacinth iflora, sp. nov.-— Omnino glabra; ramuli

crassiusculi pallide ochracei subteretes, internodiis brevibus; stipulae

subpersistentes crassae pallide virides 3-4 mm. longae rfctundato-

ovatae obtusae; folia breviter petiolata opposita membranacea,

petiolo crassiusculo 6-10 mm. longo; lamina elliptica vel late elliptica

11-12.5 cm. longa 5-7 cm. lata abrupte caudato-acuminata, acumine

e basi triangulari lineari-attenuato 1-1.5 cm. longo, basi acuta,

supra in sicco cinereo-viridis, costa venisque pallidis vix elevatis,

subtus fere concolor, in axillis nervorum foveolata, costa gracili

pallida elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 5 gracilibus

prominentibus angulo latiusculo adscendentibus obliquis arcuatis

prope marginem conjunctis, nervulis prominulis pallidis laxe reticu-

latis; inflorescentia terminalis parva sessilis thyrsoideo-paniculata

dense pauciflora 3-4 cm. lata (perfecta non visa) basi trichotoma,

floribus ad apices ramorum dense subumbellatis, pedicellis crassis

c. 1 mm. longis, bracteis obsoletis; hypanthium obovoideo-colum-

nare 1-1.2 mm. longum, calyce campanulato subtruncato 2-2.5

mm. longo et fere aequilato; corolla in alabastro subcurva apicem

versus paullo angustata, tubo crasso 5-6 mm. longo supra dilatato,

lobis 4 anguste triangulari-oblongis versus apicem acutiusculum

paullo attenuatis patentibus vel subrecurvis intus glabris; antherae

ut stylus inclusae. — Brazil: Pao Brazil, Rio Branco, State of Ama-

zonas, April, 1913, J. G. Kuhlmann 3^01 (herb. Berol., type).

A relative of Coussarea violacea AubL, of the Guianas and of

the Rio Negro, that species differing in its pedunculate inflorescence

and smaller corollas.

Coussarea japurana, sp. nov. — Praeter flores omnino glabra,

ramulis novellis subteretibus fuscis; stipulae deciduae in vaginam

connatae, perfectae non visae; folia magna petiolata firme mem-

branacea, petiolo gracili 2.5-3.5 cm. longo; lamina ovata 14-23 cm.

longa 8-12.5 cm. lata longe sensim acuminata, basi truncata vel

late rotundata in sicco fusco-olivacea fere concolor, costa gracili

subtus elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 10 gracilibus

valde arcuatis, infimis angulo recto abeuntibus, nervulis prominulis

laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis erecta 2 cm. longe peduncu-

lata cymoso-paniculata 4 cm. longa 5 cm. lata, ramis primariis basi

nudis arcuato-adscendentibus, floribus ad apices ramorum primari-

orum dense cymoso-congestis sessilibus vel breviter crasse pedicel-

latis, odoratissimis; hypanthium anguste obovoideum glabrum 1.5

mm. longum basi acutum, calyce tubuloso-campanulato 2 mm.

longo truncate ; corolla alba extus sparse minute puberula, tubo

gracili 15-17 mm. longo fauce paullo dilatato, lobis lineari-lanceolatis

8-9 mm. longis apicem versus angustatis obtusis. — Brazil: Jubara,

Rio Japura infer., civ. Amazonas, September 17, 1904, A. Ducke

22987 (herb. Berol., type).

Distinctive in its very large, thin, long-acuminate leaves.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 197

Coussarea liliiflora, sp. noy. — Arbor ut videtur dense ramosa

omnino glabra, ramulis vetustioribus teretibus crassis fusco-och-

raceis, novellis gracilibus pallide oliyaceis, internodiis brevibus;

stipulae persistentes pallidae e basi late rotundato-triangulari

abrupte breviterque subulato-mucronatae 1.5-2 mm. longae erectae;

folia longiuscule petiolata membranacea opposita, petiolo gracili

7-12 mm. longo; lamina ovato-oblonga vel elliptico-oblonga, rarius

elliptica, 4-7 cm. longa, 2-3 cm. lata, abrupte caudato-acuminata,

acumine e basi anguste triangulari lineari-attenuato obtuso, prope

basin abrupte contracta et longe decurrens, supra in sicco fusco-

viridis, sparse minute puncticulata, costa prominente, venis vix

elevatis, subtus pallidior, costa gracili prominente, nervis laterali-

bus utroque latere c. 6 gracillimis prominentibus angulo lato ad-

scendentibus irregularibus subcurvis vel fere rectis remote a margine

conjunctis, nervulis prominulis laxe reticulatis; flores terminales

solitarii vel ternati subsessiles vel usque ad 4 mm. longe pedicel-

latis, pedicellis supra clavato-incrassatis; hypanthium obovoideum

2-3 mm. longum, calyce late campanulato 2.5-3 mm. longo truncate

et remote dentatp, dentibus suberectis subulatis vel anguste triangu-

laribus; corolla in alabastro anguste linearis versus apicem longe

attenuata, tubo gracili 2 cm. longo 2 mm. lato supra non dilatato,

lobis 4 linearibus longe anguste attenuatis c. 3.5 cm. longis 2 mm.

latis intus glabris patentibus albis; antherae ut stylus inclusae. —

Peru: Mouth of the Rio Santiago, on the Rio Maranon, in upland

forest, alt. 160 meters, November 22, 1924, G. Tessmann 4621

(herb. Berol., type).

This Coussarea is quite unlike any other known from the upper

Amazon, or elsewhere, so far as I know, being especially noteworthy

for the few flowers and for the long, slender corolla with exaggerated

linear lobes.

Coussarea macrantha, sp. nov. — Frutex metralis, ramulis

gracilibus nigris glabris subteretibus; stipulae deciduae 4-5 mm.

longae semirotundatae breviter cuspidato-apiculatae; folia opposita

breviter petiolata magna crasse membranacea in sicco fusca, petiolo

gracili 1.5-2 cm. longo glabro; lamina late elliptica vel oblongo-

elliptica 17-24 cm. longa 8-13 cm. lata plus minusve inaequilatera

abrupte anguste attenuato-acuminata basi rotundata vel acuta,

glabra, supra sublucida, costa nervisque prominentibus, nervulis

prominulis reticulatis, subtus concolor, costa gracili elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere c. 12 gracillimis prominentibus angulo

semirecto vel latiore adscendentibus leviter arcuatis vel fere rectis,

nervulis prominulis arete reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis crasse

2.5 cm. longe pedunculata cymoso-corymosa basi trichotoma corollis

inclusis circa 10 cm. longa et paullo latior basi trichotoma, e cymis

paucis umbelliformibus paucifloris composita, ramis crassis valde

adscendentibus sparse minute puberulis, bracteis obsoletis, floribus

brevissime crasse pedicellatis; hypanthium obconicum 2-2.5 mm.

longum dense ochraceo-sericeum ; calyx campanulatus 4 mm. longus

198 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

remote brevissime denticulatus sparse sericeus et praesertim supra

hispidulus; corolla alba extus densiuscule et minutissime puberula,

tubo gracili 3-3.5 cm. longo supra vix dilatato fauce 3-4 mm. lato,

lobis 4 lineari-lanceolatis patentibus 2-3 cm. longis 5 mm. latis

attenuatis acutiusculis intus glabris vel minutissime puberulis;

antherae inclusae; stylus gracillimus 3.5 cm. longus minute puberulus.

—Peru: Dept. Loreto, Florida, Rio Putumayo, at mouth of Rio

Zubineta, alt. 200 meters, in forest, March-April, 1931, G. Klug

2070 (herb. Field Mus. No. 641,370, type).

The relationship of this rather well-marked species is evidently

with Coussarea hirticalyx Standl., also a native of Loreto. The

latter, however, has conspicuously smaller flowers, the corolla tube

being only 2 cm. long, and the lobes 5-6 mm. long.

Coussarea macrocalyx, sp. nov. — Frutex 2.5-3-metralis, trunco

2.5-7 cm. diam., ramulis crassis ochraceis glabris; stipulae (perfectae

non visae) 5 mm. longae et ultra late ovatae; folia magna petiolata

firme pergamentacea opposita, petiolo crassiusculo 1-2.5 cm. longo;

lamina oblonga vel ovajis 12-17 cm. longa 5-10 cm. lata breviter

anguste acuminata, basi late rotundata usque ad acuta, glabra in

sicco griseo-viridis, costa venisque supra prominulis, subtus concolcr,

costa elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 11 prominentibus

gracilibus angulo fere recto divergentibus versus marginem arcuato-

conjunctis, nervulis prominentibus arete reticulatis; inflorescentia

terminalis cymoso-paniculata sessilis ut videtur pauciflora laxa,

floribus aggregatis sessilibus, ramis glabris; fructus globoso-ovalis

c. 1.5 cm. longus et 1 cm. latus basi et apice rotundatus calyce

persistente coronatus; calycis (perfect! non visi) tubus angustus

10-12 mm. longus 4-5 mm. latus. — Colombia: El Humbo, Depart-

ment of Boyaca, alt. 900 meters, in forest along stream, September

19, 1932, A. E. Lawrance 445 (herb. Field Mus. No. 708,574, type).

The collector states that the fruits are yellow. The material

is incomplete, and far from being satisfactory for diagnosis. It is

evident, however, that the species represented is unlike any other

known from Colombia or adjacent regions, particularly in the

greatly elongated calyx tube.

Coussarea megistophylla, sp. nov. — Praeter inflorescentiam

glabra; ramuli crassi straminei ut videtur tetragoni, internodiis

brevibus; stipulae subpersistentes triangulari-oblongae 9 mm. longae

attenuato-acutae crassae; folia maxima brevissime petiolata quater-

nata membranacea, petiolo crasso c. 8 mm. longo; lamina anguste

oblanceolato-pblonga c. 38 cm. longa et 10-12 cm. lata abrupte vel

sensim acuminata basin versus longe sensim attenuata, basi ipsa

acutiuscula, supra in sicco pallide flavescenti-viridis, costa venisque

vix elevatis, subtus fere concolor, costa gracili elevata, nervis laterali-

bus utroque latere c. 16 obliquis angulo semirecto adscendentibus

gracilibus prominentibus prope marginem conjunctis, nervulis pro-

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 199

minulis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentiae axillares solitariae graciliter

7-12 cm. longe pedunculatae thyrsoideo-paniculatae laxe multi-

florae 6-8 cm. longae et 3-8 cm. latae, ramis gracilibus verticillatis

adscendentibus sparse minute puberulis, bracteis minutis vel ob-

soletis, floribus numerosis subumbellatis congestis sessilibus vel

brevissime pedicellatis; hypanthium obovoideum 1-1.5 mm. longum

minutissime sparseque puberulum, calyce campanulato 2.5 mm.

longo sparse minute puberulo truncate et obsolete denticulate;

corolla extus pruinoso-puberula in alabastro apicem versus attenuata

et 4-angulata, tubo 5-6 mm. longo supra vix dilatato, lobis 4 lineari-

attenuatis obtusis 8 mm. longis patentibus intus pruinoso-puberulis;

antherae semiexsertae lineares obtusae 3-4 mm. longae. — Brazil:

Province of Minas Geraes, 1816-21, Auguste de Saint- Hilaire (herb.

Paris, type).

The plant is altogether different from any other species of the

genus, being unique in its large, narrow, elongate, and nearly sessile

leaves. It is unusual, also, in having verticillate leaves and axillary

inflorescences.

Coussarea Mutisii, sp. nov. — Ramuli vetustiores ochracei rimosi

glabrati, novellis gracilibus sparse patenti-pilosis, internodiis elonga-

tis; stipulae persistentes c. 6 mm. longae breviter pilosae apice

rotundatae; folia mediocria breviter petiolata membranacea, petiolo

gracili 2 cm. longo piloso; lamina oblonga vel elliptico-oblonga 14-18

cm. longa 6.5-8 cm. lata abrupte acuminata, acumine angusto sensim

attenuate 1.5-2 cm. longo, basi acuta et inaequalis, supra in sicco

opaca tantum ad nervps puberula, subtus concolor praesertim ad

costam nervosque breviter patenti-pilosa, costa gracili prominente,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 11 tenerrimis obliquis angulo

latiusculo adscendentibus subarcuatis prope marginem junctis,

venulis prominulis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis 3 cm.

longe pedunculata erecta basi trichotoma, ramis simplicibus dense

fulvo-hirsutis 1-1.8 cm. longis crassis, floribus ad apicem rami

dense capitato-congestis, capitulis pauci- vel multifloris, bracteis

patentibus triangulari-ovatis 3 mm. longis hirtellis acutiusculis,

floribus arete sessilibus; hypanthium obovoideum 2.5 mm. longum

dense patenti-pilosulum; calyx angustus 6-7 mm. longus dense

patenti-pilosus ad medium vel profundius lobatus, laciniis suberectis

anguste lanceolato-oblongis attenuato-acutis; corolla in alabastro

linearis fere 3 cm. longa extus breviter pilosula apice angusto obtusa,

lobis linearibus tubo plus quam duplo longioribus. — Colombia:

Without locality, Jose Celestino Mutis 3606 (U. S. Nat. Herb. No.

1,560,361, type).

Among the Colombian species of the genus this is distinguished

by the abundant spreading pubescence of the inflorescence.

Coussarea obliqua, sp. nov. — Arbor 5-metralis, ramulis cras-

siusculis subteretibus glabris; stipulae crassae late rotundato-ovatae

6-7 mm. longae acutae glabrae erectae; folia opposita petiolata

200 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

subcoriacea, petiolo crasso 2.5 cm. longo obscure puberulo vel fere

glabro; lamina oblonga vel elliptico-oblonga c. 20 cm. longa et

8.5-9 cm. lata abrupte cuspidato-acuminata basi acuta et obliqua

in sicco fusca, supra glabra lucida, costa prominula, nervulis prominu-

lis arete reticulatis, subtus fere concolor ubique minute adpresso-

pilosula, costa crassa elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 8

validis prominentibus angulo latiusculo adscendentibus arcuatis

pallidis, nervulis vix prominulis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia termi-

nalis c. 7 mm. longe pedunculata cymosa c. 9 cm. lata et aequilonga

e capitulis paucis longe pedunculatis dense multifloris composita,

floribus sessilibus, bracteis obsoletis vel deciduis; hypanthium

obovoideum minutissime puberulum vel glabratum 1.5 mm. longum;

calyx late campanulatus c. 2 mm. longus breviter rotundato-lobatus

vel undulatus; corolla ochroleuca glabra in alabastro angulata, tubo

gracili 2.5 cm. longo 1.5 mm. crasso supra vix vel non dilatato,

lobis adscendentibus oblongo-linearibus acutiusculis 10-12 mm.

longis. — Peru: Dept. Loreto, Florida, Rio Putumayo, at mouth of

Rio Zubineta, alt. 200 meters, in forest, March-April, 1931, G. Klug

1987 (herb. Field Mus. No. 641,386, type).

The species is noteworthy for the abundant pubescence of the

lower leaf surface, consisting of very minute and appressed hairs.

The dried leaves, on this account, are soft to the touch.

Coussarea penetantha, sp. nov. — Glabra; ramuli crassi com-

pressi pallide ochracei ad nodos paullo incrassati, internodiis brevibus

vel elongatis; stipulae subpersistentes 7 mm. .longae late ovatae

obtusae vel acutae crassae granulosae pallidae erectae connatae;

folia breviter petiolata opposita crasse chartacea, petiolo crasso

6-8 mm. longo supra late sulcato; lamina obovato-elliptica vel ellip-

tica, rare lanceolato-oblonga, 12-19 cm. longa, 5-8.5 cm. lata,

abrupte cuspidato-acuminata, acumine e basi triangulari longe

lineari-attenuato 1-1.5 cm. longo, saepissime supra basin paullo

latissima, basi cuneato-acuta, supra in sicco cinereo-viridis, costa

venisque prominentibus, subtus vix pallidior, costa gracili elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 11 gracilibus prominentibus

obliquis angulo circa semirecto adscendentibus valde arcuatis juxta

marginem conjunctis, nervulis prominulis laxe reticulatis; inflores-

centia terminalis crasse 1 cm. longe pedunculata racemiformis

corollis exclusis 1-1.5 cm. longa dense pauciflora, pedicellis crassis

1-2.5 mm. longis; hypanthium turbinatum 1.5-2 mm. longum;

calyx late campanulatus truncatus 2.5-3 mm. longus 4 mm. latus;

cetera ignota. — Colombia: Province of Barbacoas, alt. 600 meters,

1851-57, J. Triana 1714 (herb. Kew., type; duplicate in herb. Paris);

May, 1853, Triana 3147 (41) (P).

Vernacular name, "flor de muerto."

Coussarea penetantha resembles closely C. grandifolia Rusby in

leaf form, but the latter is distinguished at a glance by its large, many-

flowered inflorescence.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 201

Declieuxia hedepmoides, sp. nov. — Herba vel suffrutex per-

ennis, caulibus simplicibus c. 20 cm. altis crassis sparsiuscule pilis

brevibus mollibus pubescentibus, internodiis 1.5-3 cm. longis; folia

4-5-verticillata linearia vel anguste lanceolato-linearia 13-22 mm.

longa 2-3 mm. lata longe attenuata basin sessilem versus paullo

attenuate rigida subpatentia vel late adscendentia glabra vel glabrata

supra viridia subtus brunnescentia triplinervia, costa subtus valde

elevata versus apicem venas 1-2 emittente, marginibus plus minusve

revolutis; flores dense cymosi rubri, cymis parvis paucifloris in axillis

superioribus insertis foliis brevioribus, floribus sessilibus congestis;

hypanthium didymum glabrum, sepalis erectis lineari-subulatis vix

0.5 mm. longis; bracteae breves foliaceae lineares; corolla extus

glabra in alabastro obtusa, c. 12 mm. longa, tubo gracillimo versus

faucem abrupte dilatato, lobis suberectis 2.5 mm. longis ovatis

obtusis. — Brazil: Corrego dos Moreiras, Matto Grosso, "arbusto

do campo seco," September, 1914, J. G. Kuhlmann (Commissao

Rondon) 1536 (Herb. Inst. Biol. S. Paulo, type; fragment in herb.

Field Mus.).

The available material is rather scant, but sufficient to show the

principal characters of the plant. This differs from other species

of Declieuxia in its narrow verticillate leaves and its axillary

inflorescence.

Deppea (?) colpmbiana, sp. nov. — Ramuli crassi subteretes

glabri; stipulae persistentes virides ad basin in lacinias numerosas

subulatas 7-10 mm. longas puberulas vel glabratas partitae; folia

magna longipetiolata membranacea opposita, petiolo gracili 4-5 cm.

Ion go supra profunde sulcato; lamina obovata vel oblongo-obovata

c. 23 cm. longa et 10.5 cm. lata apice obtusa vel subrotundata et

abrupte breviter acuminata, acumine triangulari attenuate 1 cm.

longo, versus basin plus minusve contracta et ad petiolum longe

cuneato-attenuata, supra in sicco fusco-viridis opaca glabra costa

nervisque non elevatis, subtus paullo pallidior microscopice puberula

vel glabra, costa crassiuscula elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere c. 13 obliquis angulp semirecto adscendentibus gracillimis

prominulis leviter arcuatis juxta marginem cpnjunctis, venulis vix

prominulis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia axillaris cymosa dense

multiflora 2 cm. longe pedunculata recurva 4 cm. lata, floribus arete

sessilibus congesto-cymosis; capsula obovoidea 4-5 mm. longa

minutissime puberula vel glabrata fere laevis, seminibus numerosis-

simis minutis ferrugineis obtusangulis minute foveolatis; sepala

persistentia plus minusve foliacea oblanceolata vel lineari-oblanceo-

lata 10-12 mm. longa acuta vel acuminata subpatentia venosa minute

puberula vel glabrata. — Colombia: Andes de Antioquia, in 1852,

J. Triana (herb. Paris, type).

This plant, which I name here with much reluctance, evidently

is closely related to Deppea (?) venezuelensis Standl. (Field Mus.

Bot. 8 : 52. 1930). The generic position of both these plants is annoy-

202 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

ingly uncertain, but probably both belong to a distinct genus that

must receive a name when flowering material of one or the other

has become accessible. If the fruit were not clearly capsular, the

plants might be placed near Sabicea, or even in the genus Amphidasya,

but from the material examined I can not believe that it is at all

fleshy. Deppea venezuelensis and D. colombiana are much alike in

most respects, but in D. venezuelensis the stipules are entire, and

not at all laciniate as in the Colombian plant here described.

Diodia cymosa Cham. Linnaea 9: 217. 1834.

The specimen cited below illustrates an unexpected extension

of range, for the species has been known previously only from

southern Brazil.

Colombia: Medellin, Tranvia del Oriente, Dept. Antioquia,

1,500 meters, January, 1931, W. A. Archer 1605; corolla white,

pink-tipped at first.

Dolichodelphys chlorocrater Schum. & Krause, Verh. Bot.

Ver. Brandenb. 50: 102. fig. 1908.

Heretofore the genus and species have been known from a single

collection, Ule 6774 from the Department of Loreto, Peru. This is

represented in the herbarium of Field Museum by a photograph and

fragment of the type, from the Berlin herbarium. The Colombian

collection cited below is exactly like the type in essential characters.

It was taken from a tree 6 meters high with cream-colored flowers.

The leaves are as much as 33 cm. long and 12 cm. wide.

It is exceedingly doubtful that the fruit of this plant is baccate,

as originally described. The aspect of the inflorescence and foliage

is suggestive rather of those Rubiaceae, such as the Cinchoneae, that

have capsular fruit.

Colombia: Umbria, Comisaria del Putumayo, 325 meters, in

forest, King 1804.

Duroia genipoides Spruce ex Hook. f. in B. & H. Gen. PI. 2:

82. 1873, nomen; Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 6: 364. 1889.

The species was based on Spruce 3624, collected on the Orinoco

near Maipures, the specimens being in fruit only. A recent collec-

tion clearly represents the same species:

Venezuela: Amazonas Territory, Puerto Ayacucho, 100 meters,

Holt & Blake 809.

This collection is in flower. The species is easily recognized

by its curious calyx, 1 cm. long, which is truncate, and split to the

base on one side. The corolla is densely sericeous outside, especially

on the thick cylindric tube, and the triangular-oblong acuminate

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 203

spreading lobes are finely tomentulose within; the tube is almost

1 cm. long, and the lobes about 1.5 cm. in length.

Duroia Melinonii, sp. nov. — Praeter inflorescentiam omnino

glabra, ramulis crassiusculis fusco-brunnescentibus teretibus, inter-

nodiis brevibus; stipulae paullo supra basin circumscissae caducae,

non yisae; folia mediocria petiolata firme membranacea, petiolo

gracili 1.5-2 cm. longo; lamina oblanceolato-oblonga 15-18 cm. longa

4.5-6 cm. lata apice obtusa vel subrotundata et abrupte acumi-

nata, acumine anguste triangulari longe acute attenuate 1-1.5 cm.

longo, basin versus longe cuneatim attenuata, supra subopaca in

sicco fusca costa nervisque vix prominentibus, subtus vix pallidior

brunnescens, cpsta gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

c. 12 gracillimis prominulis angulo circa semirecto adscendentibus

ante marginem junctis, nervulis obscuris laxissime reticulatis,

margine primo sparse adpresso-setoso-ciliato; inflorescentia mascula

terminalis cymosa capituliformis dense multiflora erecta 1-2 cm.

longe pedunculata, floribus arete sessilibus; hypanthium in flore

masculo fere obsolete, calyce campanulato 4-5 mm. longo undulato

extus sparse sericeo vel fere glabro intus dense sericeo; corolla extus

praesertim ad tubum dense pilis nitentibus ochraceis strigoso-

sericea in alabastro 12 mm. longa, tubo crasso 3 mm. lato, lobis

oblique lanceolatis acuminatis tubo paullo longioribus. — French

Guiana: In 1842, Melinon (herb. Paris, type).

This shrub or tree evidently is an inhabitant of wet deep forest,

for the branches and leaves are well covered with mosses and hepatics.

Elaeagia subspicata, sp. nov. — Ramuli subteretes rimosi

ochracei, novellis dense minutissime puberulis; stipulae (perfectae

non visae) ovatae 6 mm. longae et ultra deciduae acutiusculae dense

sericeae; folia parva breviter petiolata subcoriacea in sicco fusca,

petiolo crasso fere ad basin marginato 6-8 mm. longo glabro; lamina

elliptica vel latissime elliptica 7-9.5 cm. longa 4.5-6.5 cm. lata apice

obtusa et breviter obtuse triangulari-protracta, basi abrupte con-

tracta et anguste decurrens, glabra, costa supra subimpressa, nervis

non elevatis, subtus brunnescens, costa gracili elevata, nervis laterali-

bus utroque latere c. 5 prominentibus subcurvis angulo semirecto

adscendentibus prope marginem junctis, venulis prominulis reti-

culatis; inflorescentia terminalis erecta 5 cm. longe pedunculata basi

trichotoma, floribus sessilibus dense glomeratis, glomerulis spicatis,

spicis densis vel interruptis paniculatis, paniculis circa 10 cm.

longis et fere aequilatis, ramis dense puberulo-tomentosis, glomerulis

pauci- vel multifloris, bracteis minutis, basilaribus interdum

majoribus et foliaceis; capsula oboyoideo-globosa 1.5-2 mm. longa

dense minute puberula calyce persistente coronata; calyx 5-lobus,

lobis late ovali-ovatis vix 0.5 mm. longis obtusis erectis; semina

numerosa minuta brunnea angulata grosse foveolata. — Colombia:

Without locality, Jose Celestino Mutis 12 (U. S. Nat. Herb. No.

1,560,182, type; fragment in herb. Field Mus.).

204 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

In the absence of flowers the generic position of the plant is not

altogether certain, but the characters agree well enough with those

of Elaeagia. The disposition of the inflorescence is similar to that

of the Bolivian E. grandis Rusby, which has large leaves, a short-

pilose inflorescence, and narrow calyx lobes.

Faramea blechoides, sp. nov. — Omnino glabra, ramulis graci-

libus teretibus fuscp-olivaceis, novellis costa decurrente stipularum

angulatis, internodiis elongatis; stipulae subpersistentes 1.5 mm.

longae ovato-rotundatae subconnatae 2-3 mm. longe subulato-

mucronatae; folia mediocria vel minora breviter petiolata firme

membranacea, petiolo gracili 3-5 mm. longo; lamina elliptico-

oblonga vel lanceolato-oblonga 8-12 cm. longa 2.5-4 cm. lata longe

acuminata, acumine angusto attenuate obtuso, basi acuta vel

anguste acuta, supra in sicco fusco-viridis lucida, costa elevata, venis

prominulis eleganter reticulatis, subtus fere concolor opaca, costa

gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 10 gracillimis

prominentibus angulo fere recto divergentibus remote a margine

conjunctis arcuatis, venulis prominulis arete reticulatis; inflores-

centia terminalis triradiata, radiis 3-5 mm. longis apice paucifloris,

floribus sessilibus bracteis 2 foliaceis ovatis acuminatis basi late

rotundatis vel truncatis 1-2 cm. longis viridibus involucratis;

hypanthium angustum 1 mm. longum, calyce campanulato hypanthio

multo latiore 1.5 mm. longo truncate remote subulate-denticulate;

corolla extus glabra, tubo gracillimo 18 mm. longo supra paullo

dilatato, lobis lineari-lanceolatis attenuatis paten tibus 7-8 mm.

longis.— Brazil: Goyaz, in 1843, H. A. Weddell 2904 (herb. Paris,

type).

A relative of Faramea involucellata Muell. Arg., which was de-

scribed from the State of Rio de Janeiro.

Faramea capillipes Muell. Arg. Flora 58: 474. 1875.

This strongly marked species was described from Obidos in the

Amazon Valley of Brazil, and it is now known to extend into Ama-

zonian Peru. A substantial extension of its range northward is

shown by the following recent collection:

Venezuela: Amazonas Territory, Cerro Yapacana, upper Rio

Orinoco, alt. 100 meters, April, 1931, E. G. Holt & E. R. Blake 745.

Faramea cardiophylla, sp. nov. — Omnino glabra, ramulis

subteretibus fusco-olivaceis crassiusculis rigidis rectis, internodiis

elongatis; stipulae diutius persistentes fere liberae rotundato-

ovatae 5 mm. longae acutiusculae apice in aristam erectam 5 mm.

longam abeuntes; folia opposita arete sessilia et amplexicaulia, ovalia

usque ad (superiora) oblonga vel ovato-ovalia, 6.5-9 cm. longa,

3-5.5 cm. lata, abrupte cuspidato-acuminata, acumine anguste

triangulari attenuate acuto 5-7 mm. longo, basi late rotundata et

profunde cordata, sinu usque ad 8 mm. longo, lobis late rotundatis,

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 205

lucida, crassiuscule coriacea, in sicco flavescens, costa venisque

supra prominentibus, costa crassiuscula subtus prominente, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere c. 14 prominentibus gracilibus angulo

lato saepe recto divergentibus leviter arcuatis marginem pallidum

anguste incrassatum fere attingentibus, nervulis vix prominulis

laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis 8 mm. longe pedunculate

depresso-cymosa 3.5 cm. lata dense multiflora basi 5-radiata, radiis

adscendentibus bis trichotomis, ramis ultimis apice umbellatim

trifloris, bracteis obsoletis, pedicellis crassiusculis 3-4 mm. longis;

hypanthium turbinatum 1.2 mm. longum; calyx late campanulatus

1.3 mm. longus truncatus; corolla in alabastro crassa apice late

obtusa, tubo crasso 5 mm. longo fere 2 mm. lato, lobis 4 oblongo-

ovatis 3.5 mm. longis obtusis subpatentibus intus glabris; antherae

semiexsertae; stylus fere 3 mm. longe exsertus. — Brazil: Province

de Rio de Janeiro, 1816-21, Auguste de Saint- Hilaire A.399 (herb.

Paris, type).

The plant appears to be related to Faramea Tamberlikiana

Muell. Arg., of which I have seen no material. That is described

as having distinctly petiolate and less deeply cordate leaves and

a 4-dentate calyx.

Faramea cestroides Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 7: 71. 1930.

Colombia: Prov. Pamplona, in forest, 2,100 meters, Funck &

Schlim 1413 (herb. Paris). Perico, Dept. Santander, 2,700 meters,

in forest, Kalbreyer 587 (herb. Berol.); a shrub 2.5 meters high;

flowers very fragrant. Prov. Pamplona, 2,100 meters, in 1848,

L. Schlim 1737 (herb. Leningrad); flowers lilac, very fragrant.

Faramea cyanea Muell. Arg. Flora 58: 473. 1875.

Brazil: Serra do Mar, Porto da Cima, Parana, 200 meters, in

silva primaeva, Jdnssan 708a. Porto da Cima, Parana, Dusen 10258

(herb. Stockholm), 11943 (S). — Paraguay: In regione fluminis Alto

Parana, Fiebrig 5413 (herb. Kew.), 5843 (herb. Berol.). In yiciniis

Caaguazii, Hassler 9410 (B). — Argentina: Puerto Leon, Misiones,

75-100 meters, H. M. Curran 681 (U. S. Nat. Herb.).

Faramea exemplaris, sp. nov. — Arbuscula omnino glabra

4-metralis, trunco 6 cm. diam., ramulis gracilibus subflexuosis

obtuse tetragonis fusco-ochraceis, internodiis elongatis; stipulae

deciduae e basi late ovato-triangulari cuspidato-attenuatae; folia

magna tenuiter coriacea breviter petiolata opposita, petiolo crasso

3-13 mm. longo; lamina oblonga vel rarius anguste lanceolato-

oblonga 20-26 cm. longa 5.5-8.5 cm. lata subabrupte longe caudato-

acuminata, acumine e basi anguste triangulari longe lineari-prpducto,

basi rotundata vel obtusa, rarius acutiuscula, valde bullata, in sicco

fusco-viridis, supra sublucida, costa prominente, venis valde im-

pressis, subtus opaca, fusco-brunnescens, costa crassiuscula valde

elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 24, aliis parallelis et

fere aequaliter prominentibus interjectis, valde elevatis gracilibus,

206 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

angulo recto divergentibus, rectis, in nervum regularem sub-

marginalem conjunctis, nervo submarginali valde elevato et costae

fere aequali, margine valde revolutp, nervulis paucis prominulis

laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis magna laxa multiflora

cymoso-paniculata c. 11 cm. longa et aequilata c. 5 cm. longe

graciliter pedunculata erecta interdum basi f oliaceo-bracteata repetite

trichotoma, ramis gracilibus fuscis rectis vel paullo flexuosis, bracteis

plerumque minutis vel deciduis, floribus plerumque in cymulas 2-3-

floras dispositis, interdum umbellatis, pedicellis gracilibus rectis

2-3 mm. longis; hypanthium obovoideo-ellipsoideum 1 mm. longum;

calyx latissime campanulatus c. 1 mm. latus et 0.5-0.8 mm. longus

ad medium vel paullo profundius dentatus, dentibus remotis triangu-

laribus acutis, margine truncato separatis, inaequalibus, dentibus

minutis interdum interjectis; corolla in alabastro 12-13 mm. longa

anguste linearis subangulata longe attenuata, lobis linearibus

attenuatis tubo fere duplo longioribus, apicibus loborum in alabastro

breviter liberis, tubo gracili viridi, lobis luteis. — Peru: Mouth of the

Rio Santiago, upper Rio Maranon, alt. 160 meters, in upland forest,

November 17, 1924, G. Tessmann 4562 (herb. Berol., type).

The free tips of the corolla lobes are unusual or perhaps unique

in the genus Faramea, to which, however, the present plant seems

to belong with scarcely any doubt. In that genus it is one of the

most distinct species known, because of the form and appearance

of its leaves. These are extraordinarily regular in outline, being

almost perfectly oblong. They are noteworthy for their bullate

surface, the numerous lateral veins, and the distinct submarginal

vein. The leaves bear a certain resemblance to those of the Peruvian

F. miconioides Standl., but the flower characters of the two species

are altogether distinct.

Faramea fragrans, sp. nov. — Frutex vel arbuscula 1-6-metralis

omnino glabra, ramis gracilibus rigidis olivaceis in sicco plus minusve

compressis et striatis, internodiis elongatis; stipulae cito deciduae

basi breviter connatae 1.5-2 cm. longae et ultra sensim longissime

attenuatae angustissimae; folia magna breviter petiolata subcoriacea

in sicco luteoviridia, petiolo crassiusculo c. 8 mm. longo; lamina

elliptico-oblonga, subovalis vel obovato-ovalis 13-20 cm. longa

6-9 cm. lata apice obtusa vel acutiuscula et abrupte caudata, acu-

mine lineari subobtuso 12-18 mm. longp basi paullo latiore, basi acuta

vel subobtusa, supra sublucida venis prominulis, subtus paullo

pallidior, costa crassa elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

c. 15 gracilibus prominentibus angulo fere recto divergentibus leviter

curvis prope marginem in nervum collectiyum conspicuum con-

junctis, nervulis prominentibus laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia termi-

nalis cymoso-paniculata semiglobosa crasse 4 cm. longe pedunculata

laxiuscule multiflora c. 8 cm. Tata basi radiatim ramosa, radiis brevi-

bus in sicco cyaneis gracilibus rectis rigidis, bracteis minutissimis

vel deciduis, floribus umbellatis, umbellis paucifloris, pedicellis c. 1

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 207

cm. longis; hypanthium turbinato-pblongum 1.5-2 mm. longum;

calyx fere ad basin partitus, lobis filiformi-subulatis adscendentibus

2.5-3 mm. longis persistentibus; corolla cyanea in alabastro acutius-

cula tubp gracili tereti 8-9 mm. longo, lobis ovato-ellipticis obtusis

vel acutiusculis aequilongis; apices antherarum breviter exserti. —

Colombia: Intendencia del Choco, La Conception, 15 km. east of

Quibdo, alt. 75 meters, April-May, 1931, W. A. Archer 1943 (U. S.

Nat. Herb. No. 1,519,077, type), 2095.

"Clavo. Leaves stiff and brittle; flowers the color of indigo,

with the odor of cloves." A striking plant, with handsome, neat

foliage, and undoubtedly with exceptionally showy flowers. Related

to Faramea calophylla Standl., of Colombia, but in that the calyx

segments appear to be minute, rather than greatly elongate. Although

the type material of that species is in fruit and the specimens of F.

fragrans are in flower, making direct comparison difficult, there

is no doubt, I think, that the plants represent altogether distinct

species.

Faramea Ilarmsiana, sp. nov. — Frutex ramosus 1.5 m. altus

omnino glaber, ramulis gracilibus acute quadrangulatis, internodiis

elongatis; stipulae vaginantes in vaginam latam altius connatae c.

1 cm. longae, lobis ovatis apice obtusis vel rotundatis et mucronatis;

folia magna breviter petiolata firme papyracea, petiolo gracili 2 cm.

longo; lamina oblongo-elliptica c. 26 cm. longa et 11 cm. lata apice

breviter subabrupte acuminata, acumine triangulari obtuso, basi

acuta vel acutiuscula, supra in sicco fusco-olivacea, costa prominula,

nervis vix prominulis, subtus conspicue pallidior brunnescens, cpsta

gracillima elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 16 gracillimis

prominentibus angulo lato fere recto divergentibus subrectis prope

marginem in neryum collectivum regularem conjunctis, nervo altero

obscuro ad marginem contiguo, nervulis prominulis laxissime reticu-

latis; inflorescentia terminalis cymoso-corymbpsa 5 cm. longe pedun-

culata erecta basi trichptoma et foliis 2 paryis fulcrata 8 cm. longa

et fere aequilata, ramis valde adscendentibus crassiusculis rectis

subcompressis, floribus plerisque 1-2 mm. longe pedicellatis cymosis

vel subumbellatis congestis, bracteis obsoletis; hypanthium albidum

1.5 mm. longum, calyce brevissime cupulari vix 0.5 mm. longo

remote dentato, dentibus triangularibus acutis erectis; corollae tubus

7-9 mm. longus gracilis supra vix dilatatus pallide caeruleus, lobis

4 lanceolato-oblongis 4-5 mm. longis patentibus acutis intense

caeruleis. — Peru: Upper Maranon, mouth of Rio Santiago, in upland

forest, alt. 160 meters, November 18, 1924, G. Tessmann 4570

(herb. Berol., type).

The nervation of the leaves is similar to that of F. miconioides

Standl., described from the Department of Junin, Peru. The latter

differs in several characters, most conspicuously in its large stipules,

which are 3.5-4 cm. long.

208 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

This fine Peruvian shrub, which, like many other species of the

genus, must be more than ordinarily handsome in the forest, is

named for Dr. H. Harms, who has contributed largely by his system-

atic studies of difficult groups to the present knowledge of the Peru-

vian flora.

Faramea heterophylla Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 5:

131. 1881.

Brazil: Gavea, State of Rio de Janeiro, February, 1898, Ule 4595

(herb. Berol.) ; a shrub growing on rocks at an elevation of 800 meters.

Faramea Killipii Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 7: 73. 1930.

Besides the material already reported under this species, another

collection has been examined recently: Colombia: La Baja, Prov.

Pamplona, 2,850 meters, February, 1848, L. Schlim 1690 (herb.

Leningrad). The collector describes the corolla as violet.

Faramea lutescens, sp. nov. — Omnino glabra, ramulis crassis

in sicco lutescentibus teretibus, novellis interdum subcompressis,

internodiis elongatis foliis brevioribus; stipulae persistentes 7-12

mm. longae ad medium connatae et laxe vaginantes rotundato-

ovatae apice obtusae vel rptundatae et 2-3 mm. longe subulato-

mucronatae; folia mediocria vel majuscula brevissime petiolata

crasse papyracea vel subcoriacea, petiolo crasso 4-10 mm. longo;

lamina oblonga vel anguste elliptico-oblonga 8.5-24 cm. longa 3-7

cm. lata acuta vel obtusa et abrupte caudato-acuminata, acumine

angusto longe attenuate interdum lineari usque ad 2 cm. longo,

basi acuta, margine saepe anguste revoluto, supra in sicco pallide

luteo-viridis, costa elevata, nervis prominulis, subtus vix pallidior,

costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 12 gracillimis

prominulis angulo fere recto divergentibus prope marginem con-

junctis, venulis prominulis laxissime reticulatis; inflorescentia termi-

nalis cymoso-corymbosa sessilis et basi foliaceo-bracteata vel usque

ad 4 cm. longe pedunculata, subdense multiflora fr-10 cm. lata, basi

tri- vel pauciradiata, ramis albidis vel lutescentibus crassiusculis,

floribus cymosis vel subumbellatis, pedicellis rectis usque ad 14 mm.

longis, bracteis parvis late ovatis; hypanthium pallidum 1.5 mm.

longum, calyce aequilongo pallido truncate et remote breviter subu-

lato-denticulato usque ad 4.5 mm. lato hypanthio multo latiore;

corolla in alabastro longissime attenuata plus minusve angulata

16-20 mm. longa, tubo brevi 2.5 mm. lato, lobis lineari-lanceolatis

longissime attenuatis tubo duplo vel ultra longioribus. — Colombia:

Provincias de Choco y Barbacoas, Rios San Juan y Patio, alt. 80

meters, March, 1853, J. Triana 3154 (herb. Field Mus. No. 650,509,

type, duplicate in herb. Paris). Provincias de Choco y Barbacoas,

alt. 80 meters, Triana 1731 (P), 1732 (P).

The specimens attract attention because of the pale yellowish

green coloring of the leaves. The flower buds are conspicuous

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 209

because of the fact that they are unusually long-attenuate to the

apex.

Faramea macrura, sp. noy. — Omnino glabra, ramulis gracilibus

subteretibus fusco-brunneis, internodiis valde elongatis; stipulae

deciduae, non visae; folia mediocria breviter petiolata subcoriacea,

petiolo gracili 5-10 mm. longo; lamina lineari-oblonga vel lineari-

lanceolata 10-16 cm. longa 1.5-3 cm. lata longissime lineari-attenu-

ata, acumine 1.5-2.5 cm. longo, basin versus longiuscule sensim

attenuata, lucida, supra in sicco fusca, costa elevata, nervis venisque

prominulis, subtus paullo pallidior brunnescens, costa gracili elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 18 prominulis angulo fere recto

divergentibus ante marginem in neryum collectiyum conjunctis,

ceteris subparallelis minus prominentibus interjectis, venulis pro-

minulis arete reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis longe pedunculata

basi umbellatim pauciradiata, radiis gracilibus apice compressis

cymis paucifloris laxis terminatis, floribus graciliter pedicellatis,

pedicellis usque ad 8 mm. longis rectis; bracteae ad basin inflores-

centiae insertae foliaceae coloratae oyatae vel ellipticae usque ad 5

cm. longae et 2.5 cm. latae apice longissime caudatae, acumine 1-1.5

cm. longo; hypanthium subglobosum 1 mm. longum, calyce truncate

aequilongo; discus obtuse conicus calyce duplo longior. — Colombia:

Provincia del Choco, Noapama, March, 1853, J. Triana 3154 (3}

(herb. Paris, type).

Referable to the subgenus Eufaramea, which is distinguished

by the large colored bracts of the inflorescence. Faramea macrura

is similar to the Peruvian F. anisocalyx Poepp. & Endl., differing

from that in the narrow leaves, slender pedicels, and long slender

tips of the bracts.

Faramea Malmei, sp. nov. — Frutex arborescens 2-3-metralis,

omnino glaber, ramis erecto-patentibus, cortice tenui laevigata,

ramulis gracilibus subteretibus oliyaceis laevibus rectis, internodiis

4.5-8 cm. longis; stipulae cito deciduae vel caducae liberae erectae

e basi late ovato-triangulari in aristam elongatam angustatae; folia

brevissime petiolata opposita mediocria tenuiter coriacea in sicco

flavescentia, petiolo crasso 2-3 mm. tantum longo; lamina oblonga

9-11 cm. longa 3-4 cm. lata abrupte caudato-acuminata, acumine

e basi triangulari lineari-attenuato c. 1 cm. longo, basi late obtusa,

rotundata vel leyiter cordata, supra opaca vel sublucida, costa pallida

elevata, venis vix prominulis, subtus paullo pallidior, opaca, costa

gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 14 gracillimis vix

prominulis angulo recto divergentibus fere rectis paullo ante

marginem conjunctis, nervulis vix prominulis arete reticulatis,

lamina latiuscule pallido-marginata; inflorescentia terminalis sessilis

cymoso-paniculata c. 8 cm. longa et 9 cm. lata laxe multiflora basi

trichotoma, ramis 2-3-trichotomis late adscendentibus rectis, floribus

in cymulas laxas trifloras dispositis, bracteis persistentibus minutis

lanceolato-subulatis, pedicellis rigidis sed gracilibus plerumque 2-3

210 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

mm. longis, flore terminal! cymulae brevius pedicellate vel sessili;

hypanthium late obovoideum 1 mm. Ipngum, calyce 0.7 mm. longo

4-dentato, dentibus ovato-triangularibus acutis vel acuminatis;

corolla glabra in alabastro crassiuscula acuta, tubo 5 mm. longo et

1.5 mm. lato supra vix dilatato, lobis 4 oblongis acutiusculis 3-4

mm. longis subpatentibus intus glabris; antherae lineares semiex-

sertae lobos corollae aequantes; stylus inclusus; fructus transverse

ovalis 8 mm. latus. — Brazil: Cuyaba, Matto Grosso, in margine

silvulae loco arenoso, January 3, 1894, G. A. Malme 1300 (herb.

Stockholm, type). Santa Anna da Chapada, Matto Grosso, in

capoeiras et in silvis, September, 1902, Malme 2360 (S) ; June, 1903,

Malme 2360a (S).

Related to Faramea coarinensis Muell. Arg., a species whose

type was collected by Martius on the upper Amazon. In that the

leaves have more numerous pairs of nerves and are "narrowly lance-

elliptic" in outline.

Faramea montevidensis (C. & S.) DC. Prodr. 4: 497. 1830.

Tetramerium montevidense C. & S. Linnaea 4: 29. 1829.

Brazil: Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, in silvula "capao"

umbrosa, November, 1901, Malme 498 (herb. Stockholm); a shrub

2 meters high or less; corolla white.

Faramea phaneroura, sp. nov. — Arbor parva omnino glabra

ramulis gracilibus, novellis in sicco compressis et plus minusve

quadrangulatis, internodiis elongatis; stipulae brevissime connatae

2-2.5 mm. longae late rotundatae et 1.5-2 mm. longe mucronatae;

folia mediocria petiolata subcoriacea, petiolo usque ad 1 cm. longo;

lamina oblonga vel oblanceolato-oblonga 7.5-11 cm. longa 2.5-3.5

cm. lata apice subrotundata et abrupte in caudam linearem 1-1.5

cm. longam desinens, basi acuta vel attenuata, fusco-oliyacea, subtus

fere concolor, costa utrinque prominente, pallida, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere c. 13 pallidis rectis in marginem desinentibus

angulo lato abeuntibus, nervulis obsoletis; inflorescentia terminalis

2.5 cm. longe pedunculata laxe multiflora corollis neglectis c. 1.5

cm. longa et 3 cm. lata, ramis interdum subelongatis et plus minusve

secundifloris, floribus sessilibus vel usque ad 3 mm. longe pedicellatis,

pedicellis crassiusculis; hypanthium obovoideo-globosum 1 mm.

longum, calyce truncate 1 mm. longo; corolla alba in alabastro

15-17 mm. longa tubo fere lineari supra vix dilatato, lobis linearibus

tubo paullo brevioribus. — Brazil : Gurupa, civ. Para, silva non inun-

dabili, December 27, 1916, A. Ducke 23055 (herb. Berol., type).

Description of new species is not to be commended in the genus

Faramea in which there are already so many described species,

many of them based on slight and apparently variable characters.

Although the plant here described has no outstanding characters,

it has not been possible to refer it to any of the species known from

Amazonia, or from any other region of Brazil.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 211

Faramea singularis, sp. nov. — Frutex usque ad 4 m. altus

omnino glaber, ramulis gracilibus subteretibus pallide olivaceis inter-

nodiis valde elongatis; stipulae persistentes annulares obscure bilobae

1.5 mm. longae, lobis abrupte in aristam gracilem 5 mm. longam

abeuntibus; folia breviter petiolata mediocria firme membranacea,

petiolo gracili 5-7 mm. longo; lamina oblonga vel oblanceolato-

oblonga 7.5-12 cm. longa 2-4 cm. lata subabrupte caudato-

acuminata, acumine c. 1 cm. longo angusto apice obtusissimo,

basi acuta vel acuminata, supra in sicco laete viridis, costa venisque

ut quoque venulis prominentibus, utrinque glabra, subtus paullo

pallidior, costa gracili pallida prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere c. 11 pallidis gracilibus prominentibus angulo lato saepe

fere recto divergentibus fere rectis vel leviter curvis remote a margine

laxe conjunctis, nervulis prominulis laxe reticulatis; flores terminates

pauci umbellati bracteolati, pedicellis crassis 2-3 mm. longis; brac-

teolae basi hypanthii insertae in sicco pallide viridescentes lanceo-

latae vel anguste lanceolatae usque ad 3 cm. longae interdum flores

aequantes longe attenuatae tenues; hypanthium breve, calyce

pallido late campanulato 2 mm. longo inaequaliter remote 4-dentato,

dentibus angustis erectis; corolla glabra, tubo crassiusculo 2 cm.

longo prope medium 2-3 mm. lato fauce paullo contracto recto,

lobis 4 patentibus anguste lanceolato-oblongis 10-12 mm. longis

attenuato-acuminatis intus glabris. — Brazil: Santa Anna da Cha-

pada, State of Matto Grosso, in silvis praesertim in subhumidis,

October 7, 1902, G. 0. A. Malme 2457 (herb. Stockholm, type).

The plant belongs to the subgenus Eufaramea as defined by

Mueller in the Flora Brasiliensis. From all the known species of

the group it differs in its simply umbellate, almost capitate flowers.

Faramea spathacea Muell. Arg. in herb., sp. nov. — Frutex

ramosus omnino glaber, ramulis gracilibus teretibus vel stipulis

decurrentibus angulatis in sicco olivaceis, internodiis elongatis sed

foliis brevioribus; stipulae breviter connatae laxae 2-2.5 mm. longae

rotundatae apice 1 mm. longe subulato-mucronatae persistentes;

folia mediocria petiolata crasse membranacea vel subcoriacea,

petiolo gracili 4-8 mm. longo; lamina anguste elliptico-oblonga vel

interdum oblanceolato-oblonga 5-12 cm. longa 1.5-4 cm. lata

abrupte longiacuminata, acumine angusto attenuate obtuso, basi

acuta vel obtusa, supra in sicco fusco-olivacea sublucida, costa ut

venis prominente, subtus fere concolor, anguste pallide marginata,

costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 13 gracillimis

prominulis angulo fere recto divergentibus leviter arcuatis prope

marginem conjunctis, venulis prominulis arete reticulatis; flores

axillares solitarii vel in cymulas trifloras aggregati graciliter 1-2.5

cm. longe pedicellati, pedicellis vel pedunculis interdum recurvis;

calyx tubulosus truncatus 4.5-7 mm. longus 2.5-3 mm. latus;

corolla alba, tubo gracillimo 14-25 mm. longo 1.5 mm. lato, lobis

lineari-attenuatis 10-16 mm. longis patentibus.^ — Venezuela: Guardia

de San Agustin prope Caripe, Moritz ^68 (herb. Berol., type; repre-

212 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

sented in herb. Field Mus. by a photograph and fragment). — Co-

lombia: Without locality, in 1843, Funck (herb. Paris). Pericos,

Prov. Ocafia, 1,200 meters, May, 1846-52, Schlim 531 (P).

Among the Faramea species of northwestern South America this

is unique in its chiefly solitary and axillary flowers with elongate

tubular calyx.

Faramea tetragona Muell. Arg. Flora 58: 472. 1875.

The species was based upon a specimen collected by Sello in

Brazil, the exact locality being unknown. A photograph of the

type, from the Berlin herbarium, is in the herbarium of Field

Museum. The following collections are conspecific: Brazil: Santos,

in 1875, Mostn 3788 (herb. Stockholm, herb. Paris), 3787 (herb.

Paris). Alto da Serra, Sao Paulo, in silva, 700 meters, May, 1916,

Dustn 18099 (S).

The first collection cited agrees exactly with the type. The

second appears at first glance decidedly different because of its

much broader leaves, but in floral structure it agrees with No. 3788,

and I am inclined to believe that both numbers represent forms of a

remarkably variable species.

Faramea Weddellii, sp. nov. — Frutex ut videtur parvus

ramosus omnino glaber, ramis in sicco pallide viridibus teretibus,

novellis costa decurrente stipularum angulatis, internodiis elongatis

sed foliis brevioribus; stipulae persistentes brevissime connatae

late rotundatae 3 mm. longae apice in aristam erectam aequilongam

desinentes; folia mediocria brevissime petiolata subcoriacea in sicco

luteo-viridia, petiolo vix 3 mm. longo; lamina elliptico-oblonga vel

ovato-elliptica 5-11 cm. longa 2-5.5 cm. lata cartilagineo-marginata

acuta vel breviter acutissime acuminata, basi late rotundata, sub-

lucida, costa supra ut nervis valde elevata, costa subtus elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 10 angulo lato adscendentibus

gracillimis prominentibus ante marginem arcuato-conjunctis, nervulis

prominulis arctissime reticulatis; flores 3-4 terminales 1 mm. longe

pedicellati foliis fere occulti; hypanthium 1 mm. longum, calyce

aequilongo truncate campanulato dentibus 4 setiformibus remotis

erectis pallidis onusto; corolla glabra, tubo gracillimo 12 mm. longo

supra vix dilatato, lobis 4 linearibus patentibus attenuatis 9-10

mm. longis. — Brazil : Entre Goyaz et Cuyaba, November-December,

1844, H. A. Weddell 2889 (herb. Paris, type).

Noteworthy for the few terminal subumbellate flowers, and for

the much thickened and indurate leaf margins.

Galium equisetoides (Cham. & Schlecht.), comb. nov. Rubia

equisetoides Cham. & Schlecht. Linnaea 3: 332. 1828.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 213

Gonzalagunia bunchosioides Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 162.

1930.

An addition to the recorded flora of Colombia is this species,

described recently from the Department of Loreto, Peru. Colombia:

Umbria, Comisaria del Putumayo, 325 meters, in clearing, Klug

1 727. A shrub with white corollas.

Gonzalagunia pachystachya, sp. nov. — Arbor 6-metralis,

trunco 6 cm. diam., ramulis crassis subteretibus brunnescentibus

dense pilis longis rigidis paten tibus hirsutis, internodiis elongatis;

stipulae persistentes suberectae ferrugineae firme membranaceae

anguste triangulares attenuatae 16-19 mm. longae dorso ad costam

breyiter hirsutae; folia magna breviter petiolata firme membranacea,

petiolo gracili 7-10 mm. longo; lamina ovata vel oblongo-ovata

13-18 cm. longa 6.5-8 cm. lata longe anguste attenuato-acuminata

basi plus minusve obliqua obtusa, supra in sicco fusca sparsissime

breviter hirsuta, subtus pallida ubique ad nervos densius longipilosa,

costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 10 arcuat<>

adscendentibus gracilibus prominentibus; inflorescentia spiciformis

densissime multiflora breviter pedunculata 15-22 cm. longa basi

3 cm. lata supra angustata, rhachi densissime breviter ferrugineo-

hirsuta, floribus in cymas paucifloras aggregatis sessilibus vel breviter

pedicellatis, bracteis parvis linearibus floribus multo brevioribus

hispidulis; hypanthium globosum densissime hispidulum, sepalis

4 late ovatis obtusis intus glabris 1-1.5 mm. longis; corolla alba

extus pilis rigidis valde adscendentibus hispida, tubo gracili supra

paullo dilatatp 7 mm. longo, lobis 4 oblongis obtusis vel subacutis

intus puberulis aequilongis. — Peru: Mouth of Rio Santiago. Ma-

ranon Valley, in upland forest, alt. 160 meters, October 15, 1924,

G. Tessmann 4295 (herb. Berol., type; fragment in herb. Field Mus.).

Among the few species of Gonzalagunia known from Peru, the

present plant is noteworthy for its large and very dense, not inter-

rupted inflorescences, as well as for its large leaves, with distinctive

pubescence.

Hamelia boyacana, sp. nov. — Ramuli graciles brunnescentes,

novelli sparse minutissime puberuli; folia opposita mediocria petiolata

membranacea, petiolo gracili 7-13 mm. longo; stipulae filiformi-

subulatae c. 3 mm. longae erectae; lamina oblonga vel oblanceolato-

oblonga 8-12 cm. longa 3-4 cm. lata subabrupte longiacuminata

basi acuta vel attenuata, supra sparse papillosa, subtus glabra vel

tantum ad costam elevatam puberula, nervis subtus prominulis

gracillimis; inflorescentia terminals sessilis vel pedunculata laxe

pauciflora, ramis brevibus dense minute puberulis, paucifloris, flo-

ribus vix secundis, pedicellis 2-9 mm. longis; hypanthium late

oblongum 4 mm. longum minute puberulum; calycis lobi distincti

lineari-lineares 3 mm. longi ciliolati erecti; corolla lutea extus minute

puberula, tubo 4 mm. longo, fauce sursum sensim dilatato 25 mm.

214 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

longo supra 9 mm. lato, lobis suberectis rotundato-ovatis obtusis

4 mm. longis. — Colombia: El Humbo, Department of Boyaca, alt.

750 meters, edge of forest, October 5, 1932, A. E. Lawrance 503

(herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard., type; fragment in herb. Field Mus.).

Vernacular name, "tinto." According to the collector, "very

attractive, and rare here." The large broad yellow corolla and the

narrow elongate calyx lobes are the outstanding characters of the

plant, which has no very close relatives in South America, although

some exist in Central America.

The collector states that this plant is a tree 50-70 feet high,

with a trunk one to two feet in diameter, dimensions that I consider

most improbable for a member of the genus Hamelia.

I lamella panamensis Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 20: 208.

1919.

The species has been collected at various localities in Panama,

and it may be reported now from adjacent South America: Colombia:

Intendencia del Choco, between La Oveja and Quibdo, April, 1931,

W. A. Archer 1736 (U. S. Nat. Herb.). Vernacular name, "huesito."

Flowers with the color of cream cheese.

Heterophyllaea Fiebrigii (Krause), comb. nov. Hindsia

Fiebrigii Krause, Bot. Jahrb. Engler 40: 320. 1908.

More careful inspection of a photograph and fragment of the

type of Hindsia Fiebrigii, from Toldos, Bolivia, shows clearly that

the plant is really a species of Heterophyllaea, since it has the char-

acteristic crenate and glandular-pustulate leaves of that genus.

As a matter of fact, it may be only a variety of H. lanceolata Hook,

f., but that and H. pustulata Hook. f. are glabrous plants, while

H. Fiebrigii has conspicuous and rather copious pubescence.

Hillia Weberbaueri, sp. nov. — Omnino glabra, ramulis crass-

iusculis subteretibus fusco-brunneis lenticellis magnis elevatis

sparse conspersis, internodiis elongatis; stipulae deciduae crass-

iusculae oblongae 18 mm. Ipngae 6 mm. latae obtusae; folia mediocria

breviter petiolata subcoriacea opposita, petiolo crassiusculo 5-8

mm. longo; lamina anguste oblanceolato-oblonga 8.5-13.5 cm.

longa 2.5-3.5 cm. lata abrupte longiuscule acuminata, acumine

angusto acuto, basin versus longe attenuata, supra in sicco fusco-

brunnescens, costa vix prominula, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

c. 8 obscuris angulo acutissimo adscendentibus, subtus paullo pal-

lidior, costa crassiuscula brunnescente prominula, venis obsoletis;

flores terminales solitarii sessiles; hypanthium oblongum 8 mm.

longum, calyce nullo vel caduco; corolla hexamera glabra, tubo

gracillimo c. 7 cm. longo 2.2 mm. lato fauce non vel vix dilatato,

lobis oblongis obtusis 1.5 cm. longis patentibus; antherae inclusae;

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 215

cetera ignota. — Peru: Without locality, 1909-14, A. Weberbauer 6955

(herb. Field Mus. No. 629,243, type).

Similar to Hillia odorata Krause, likewise Peruvian, but the

latter is distinguished at a glance by its much broader leaves.

Hoffmannia Duckei, sp. nov. — Suffrutex erectus metralis

plus minusve ramosus, caulibus teretious fusco-ferrugineis gracilibus

dense minute patenti-pilosulis, internodiis valde elongatis interdum

foliis longioribus; stipulae persistentes erectae 7-8 mm. longae e

basi late pvato-triangulari longe attenuato-acuminatae dense pilo-

sulae; folia opppsita vel ternata breviter petiolata membranacea,

petiolo gracili pilosulo 7-15 mm. longo; lamina lanceolato-oblonga

vel anguste lanceolato-oblonga 14-27 cm. longa 4-10 cm. lata

subabrupte et longissime attenuato-acuminata, acumine angusto

longe attenuate saepe subfalcato, basin versus longe attenuata,

supra in sicco fusca vel brunnescens ubique sparse minute pilosula,

costa yenisque prominulis, subtus paullo pallidior, pilis paullo

longioribus patentibus densius pilosula, costa gracili elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere c. 13 obliquis gracillimis prominulis

angulo latiusculo adscendentibus arcuatis juxta marginem con-

junctis, nervulis prominulis sed vix conspicuis laxe reticulatis;

flores in axillis dense fasciculati sessiles numerosi; hypanthium cum

calyce late campanulatum 2 mm. longum sparse minute pilosulum

vel fere glabrum, calyce truncate vel obscure remote denticulate;

corolla alba extus minute hispidulo-pilosula, tubo gracillimo 12 mm.

longp supra paullo sensim dilatato fauce 1.8 mm. lato, lobis 4 ob-

longis, 3-3.5 mm. longis acutis, apicibus loborum in alabastro

brevissime liberis. — Brazil: Faro, State of Para, Castanhal da Boa

Vista, silva non inundata, January 31, 1910, A. Ducke 18899 (herb.

Berol., type). Bella Vista ad cataractum infimum fluminis Tapajoz,

State of Para, in silva non inundata, February 5, 1917, Ducke 18900

(herb. Berol.).

Only two other species of Hoffmannia are known from Brazil,

both quite different from the present plant. Hoffmannia Duckei

is an unusually well-marked species for this difficult genus, notable

for its very long-acuminate leaves and its dense clusters of sessile,

slender flowers.

Hoffmannia Williamsii, sp. nov. — Frutex, ramis gracilibus

subteretibus, npvellis dense ferrugineo-villpsis, internodiis 2.5^5.5

cm. longis; folia opposita longiuscule petiolata herbacea, petiolo

gracili 1-2.5 cm. longo ferrugineo-villoso; lamina oblanceolata vel

oblanceolato-oblonga 8-12.5 cm. longa 2.5-3.3 cm. lata longe anguste

acuminata, acumine obtusiusculo saepe subfalcato, basin versus

longe sensim attenuata et longe decurrens, supra viridis glabra,

subtus paullo pallidior et rufescens, praesertim ad venas aliter

sparsius villosa, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere c. 8 gracillimis arcuatis prope marginem conjunctis; flores

in axillis dense cymoso-fasciculati, cymis pauci- vel multifloris sessili-

216 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

bus vel brevissime pedunculatis, floribus sessilibus vel vix 1 mm.

longe pedicellatis; hypanthium primo villpsulum, calycis lobis late

triangularibus obtusiusculis brevissimis yix 0.5 mm. longis; bacca

ellipsoidea glabrata 4-5 mm. longa basi obtusa apice calyce per-

sistente coronata. — Peru: San Roque, Dept. San Martin, edge of

trail, alt. 1,400 meters, January 13, 1930, Llewelyn Williams 7369

(herb. Field Mus. No. 614,554, type).

In general appearance the plant resembles closely H. aggregate,

(R. & P.) Schum., likewise Peruvian, but in that the leaves are

wholly glabrous.

Houstonia longifolia and H. canadensis. — In most recent

works treating the botany of the northeastern United States these

two names, the latter including the synonymous H. ciliolata, have

been considered to represent distinct species. They were so treated

in the North American Flora (vol. 32, 1918) by the writer, who

had assumed that the forms represented by the names were distinct

enough to be recognized without great difficulty. However, a short

time ago Mr. C. C. Deam submitted for study his complete series

of Indiana specimens of the two species, with a request for some

practical means of distinguishing them.

Careful study of this material reveals that both forms are rep-

resented in Indiana, but that both are scattered over the state

and do not have distinctive ranges. It is apparent, also, that even

extreme forms are not especially unlike, and that at best H. cana-

densis Willd. is a poorly marked species. All the several characters

suggested to separate the two forms break down when the Indiana

material is examined, nor does material from other states appear

to be more easily separable. Certainly, if the specimens came from

the tropics, no one except the most determined "splitter" would

consider distinguishing them. It therefore seems best to reduce

H. canadensis and its synonym H. ciliolata Torr. outright to syn-

onymy under H. longifolia Gaertn., or else to recognize as a rather

poorly marked variety H. longifolia var. ciliolata (Torr.) Wood.

Isertia Krausei, sp. nov. — Ramuli crassi glabri; stipulae c. 1

cm. longae profunde bifidae glabrae, lobis obtusis; folia opposita

breviuscule petiolata crasse coriacea, petiolo crasso 3-4 cm. longo

glabro; lamina anguste oblonga vel oblanceolato-oblonga c. 32 cm.

longa et 9.5 cm. lata subabrupte longiacuminata, acumine angusto

attenuate acuto, basin versus longe sensim attenuata, supra fusca

glabra lucida, venis arete reticulatis impressis, subtus pallidior,

ad venulas non tomentosas sparse breviter pilosula, in areolis minute

albo-tomentulosa, costa crassa elevata, nervis lateralibus utrpque

latere c. 25 elevatis gracilibus rectis angulo fere recto divergentibus,

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 217

nervulis arete reticulatis valde prominentibus; panicula thyrsoidea

sessilis vel pedunculata et basi foliaceo-bracteata 22 cm. longa et

7 cm. lata densiuscule multiflora inferne interrupta, ramis brevibus

crassis adscendentibus vel subpatentibus angulatis glabris, floribus

sessilibus vel breviter crasse pedicellatis, bracteis parvis late ovatis

obtusis; hypanthium obovatum glabrum 7 mm. longum; calyx

4-dentatus, dentibus late triangularibus obtusis c. 2 mm. longis;

corolla extus glabra crasse tubulosa 3.5 cm. longa, tubo cylindraceo

5-6 mm. lato, lobis ovalibus obtusis 6-7 mm. longis, fauce dense

barbata. — Peru: Dept. Libertad, A. Weberbauer 7066 (herb. Field

Mus. No. 7066, type).

The species was indicated in the herbarium as new by Dr. Krause,

but the name which he gave to the plant already has been published

by the writer for another species. Isertia Krausei is a well-marked

species, distinguished particularly by its stiff, narrow leaves, with

minute and scant tomentum, which is confined to the bottom of

the areoles on the lower leaf surface.

Isertia Pittieri Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 346. 1931. Cassupa

Pittieri Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 17: 445. 1914.

There has been received lately a collection of this rare species

that extends somewhat its previously known range: Colombia:

Quibdo, Rio Atrato, Intendencia del Choco, 60 meters, in 1931, W.

A. Archer 1776 (U. S. Nat. Herb.). The collector's notes report that

the vernacular name is "jaboncillo," and that the plant is a tree

6-9 meters high. The long white corollas soon fall from the calyx

but are held hanging by the stout curved style. The flowers have

a strong musky odor, which, however, does not prevent their being

used to form funeral wreaths. The leaves are employed as a sub-

stitute for soap, hence the vernacular name.

Ixora peruviana (Spruce) Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 7: 296. 1931.

Cephalanthus breviflorus Spruce ex Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6,

pt. 6: 129. 1889, non Ixora breviflora Hiern. C. peruvianus Spruce

ex Schum. loc. cit.

It is rather strange that both Spruce and Schumann, both of

them discriminating botanists, should have so mistaken the tribal

position of this Peruvian plant. However, they were unacquainted

with the fruit, which would have indicated clearly that the plant

could not be referred to the genus Cephalanthus. Recent collections

bear mature fruit, which proves that the plant is really a member

of the genus Ixora. As a matter of fact, it is closely related to the

well-known /. floribunda (Rich.) Griseb., of the West Indies and

Colombia. Both C. breviflorus and C. peruvianus were described

from Tarapoto, and they were distinguished chiefly on the size of

218 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

the corolla. It seems probable that the material represents only a

single species.

The following specimens of Ixora peruviana are in the herbarium

of Field Museum :

Peru: Tarapoto, Ule 6374 (photo, and fragm. of specimen in herb.

Berol.); Spruce 4175 (photo, of type collection in herb. Berol.); De-

cember, 1929, Williams 6717, 6716, 6595.— Bolivia: Yapacani, 4,000

meters, June, 1892, Kuntze. Rio Surutu, Dept. Santa Cruz, Stein-

bach 3483. San Buena Ventura, R. S. Williams 627.

Ixora Duckei, sp. nov. — Frutex metralis dense ramosus, ramis

crassis ochraceis, novellis plus minusve compressis puberulis, inter-

nodiis abbreviatis; folia medipcria sessilia vel vix 2 mm. longe

petiolata oblongo-ovata vel ellipticp-oblonga subcoriacea 4.5-8 cm.

longa 2-4 cm. lata acuta vel acutiuscula basi latissime rotundata

subtruncata vel breviter cordata glabra lucida, costa supra prp-

minente nervis obsoletis, subtus concoloria costa prominente, nervis

lateralibus remotis paucis prominulis, nervulis obsoletis; inflores-

centiae cymoso-paniculatae laxe multiflorae vix foliis Ipngiores,

ramis gracilibus puberulis, bracteis parvis, floribus sessilibus vel

breviter crasse pedicellatis; hypanthium puberulum, calyce late

campanulato, dentibus late ovatis puberulis obtusis vel acutis

vix 1 mm. longis; corolla rubida extus dense puberula in alabastro

acuto, tubo gracillimo 13-14 mm. longo, lobis 4 rotundato-ellip-

ticis 3-4 mm. longis. — Brazil: Campinas do Achipica, Rio Trombetas

infer., civ. Para, September 20, 1910, A. Ducke .23051 (herb. Berol.,

type).

The available material of this plant is not in altogether satis-

factory condition, and appears to have been taken from a somewhat

weather-beaten shrub of poor development. In its essentially sessile

leaves with more or less cordate bases, the proposed species appears

to be fully distinct from any other Brazilian Ixora with pubescent

corollas.

Ixora escalerae Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 173. 1930.

The species was based upon a single collection from the Depart-

ment of Loreto, Peru, Ule 6778. The following collection agrees

well with the type: Colombia: Umbria, Comisaria del Putumayo,

325 meters, in forest, Klug 1795; a shrub 2 meters high; corolla

cream-colored.

Ixora Gaillardii, sp. nov. — Arbuscula 3-4-metralis praeter

inflorescentiam pmnino glabra, ramulis crassiusculis teretibus

interdum minutissime papillosis, internodiis elongatis; stipulae

induratae persistentes breviter connatae 5-6 mm. longae late rotun-

datae apice mucronatae; folia sessilia mediocria coriacea anguste

lanceolato-oblonga 10-16.5 cm. longa 2.5-5.5 cm. lata apicem ver-

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 219

sus sensim anguste attenuata basi rotundata et breviter cordata,

supra in sicco fusco-olivacea costa prominente venis obscuris vel

obsoletis, subtus paullo pallidiora, costa gracili elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere 10-12 gracillimis prominulis angulo la-

tiusculo adscendentibus leviter arcuatis prope marginem junctis,

nervulis obscuris laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis sessilis

cymoso-umbellata laxiuscule multiflora c. 3.5 cm. longa et 5.5 cm.

lata multiradiata, ramis primariis rectis suberectis sparse minute

puberulis vel glabratis 1-1.5 cm. longis, cymis paucifloris densis,

floribus arete sessilibus, bracteis angustis usque ad 6 mm. longis,

bracteolis minutis ovatis; hypanthium subglobosum 1-1.5 mm.

longum minutissime puberulum, calycis lobis 0.8 mm. longis ovalibus

late obtusis; corolla rosea extus minutissime puberula in alabastro

obtusa, tubo gracili 5-7 mm. longo supra vix dilatato, lobis 4 patenti-

bus 3-4 mm. longis ovalibus apice rotundatis; antherae semiexsertae.

— Venezuela: Puerto Zamuero, Rio Orinoco, in forest, June 12, 1887,

A. Gaillard 26 (herb. Paris, type).

The species is a well-marked one for this genus, noteworthy

particularly for its long narrow sessile coriaceous leaves with rounded

and more or less cordate bases.

Joosia Dielsiana, sp. nov. — Arbor 6-metralis, trunco 12 cm.

diam., ramulis gracilibus subteretibus fusco-brunnescentibus sparse

adpresso-pilosis vel glabratis, internodiis elongatis; stipulae anguste

oblongae c. 1 cm. longae deciduae obtusae glabratae, marginibus

recurvis; folia mediocria petiolata crasse membranacea, petiolo

gracili 1-2 cm. longo sparse adpresso-piloso vel fere glabro; lamina

elliptico-oblonga vel anguste elliptica 8.5-18 cm. longa 3-7.5 cm.

lata acute acuminata basi acuta supra in sicco fusca sublucida glabra,

costa neryisque prominentibus, subtus pallidior brunnescens primo

pilis laxis adpresso-pilosa cito glabrata, costa gracili elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 10 angulo semirectp vel paullo

latiore adscendentibus gracillimis prominentibus arcuatis marginem

fere attingentibus; inflorescentia terminalis dichotoma vel tricho-

tpma longipedunculata, pedunculo 6-8 cm. longo erecto, ramis

simplicibus adscendentibus vel subrecurvis 1.5-2.5 cm. longis sublaxe

paucifloris, floribus arete sessilibus; hypanthium cylindraceum 2.5mm.

longum dense pilis fulvis adpresso-tomentosum; calyx campanulatus

3 mm. longus et fere aequilatus dense adpresso-pilosulus brevissime

dentatus, dentibus latis inaequalibus obtusis vel rotundatis; corolla

extus dense adpresso-pilosa, tubo gracili viridi-lutep 11-12 mm.

longo supra vix dilatato, lobis 5 patentibus aequilongis ad medium

bilobis, lobis late oblongis undulato-crispatis intus glabris; capsula

glabrata oblonga subteres 1.5-2.5 cm. longa septicide bivalvis,

valvis breviter bilobis. — Peru: Upper Maranon, mouth of Rio

Santiago, in upland forest, alt. 160 meters, November 5, 1924, G.

Tessmann 4478 (herb. Berol., type).

Of the genus Joosia there have been described only two species,

both of which are known or reported to occur in Peru. In both

220 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

J. dichotoma (R. & P.) Karst. and J. umbellifera Karst. the capsules

are greatly elongate, 3.5-6.5 cm. long or larger, and the valves

after dehiscence are spirally twisted. In the present species there

is no indication of contortion of the valves. The fruit of J. Diel-

siana is so unlike that of the species previously named that it might

almost be considered worthy of generic rank. However, the corolla,

altogether unlike that of any other group of Rubiaceae, clearly

indicates the generic position of this Peruvian tree.

Joosia Dielsiana is named for Dr. L. Diels, Director of the

Botanical Museum of Berlin, to whom the writer is indebted for

many courtesies, and particularly for the loan of many hundreds

of tropical American Rubiaceae whose study has proved to be a

fascinating task.

Ladenbergia Ulei, sp. nov. — Frutex vel arbor 2-8-metralis,

ramulis crassis subteretibus glabris; stipulae subpersistentes late

ovatae acutae vel acuminatae fere 2 cm. longae crassae glabrae;

folia magna petiolata subcoriacea, petiolo crasso 2.5-3.5 cm. longo

glabro; lamina obovata vel oblanceolato-oblonga 18-25 cm. longa

7.5-12 cm. lata acuminata basi acuta, supra in sicco fusca glabra

vel primo praesertim ad costam sparse adpresse setuloso-pilosula,

costa nervisque vix elevatis, subtus pallidior brunnescens primo

minutissime puberula sed cito glabrata, costa gracili elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere c. 11 angulo latiusculo adscendentibus

leviter curyis prominentibus breviter ante marginem junctis, nervulis

inconspicuis vix prominulis reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis

anguste decussato-paniculata breviter pedunculata c. 17 cm. longa

et 8 cm. lata, rhachi crassa glabrata, ramis primariis brevibus subter-

etibus sparse ramosis, ramulis plerumque trifloris, floribus sessilibus

vel brevissime crasse pedicellatis, bracteis 4-5 mm. longis persis-

tentibus latissime ovatis obtusis vel acutis alte connatis dense ad-

presso-pilosulis; hypanthium 5-7 mm. longum clavato-cylindraceum

densissime adpresso-pilosum, calyce 5 mm. longo late campanulato

dense adpresso-pilosulo truncate et remote minute dentato, dentibus

acutis; corolla alba extus densissime fulyo-sericea, tubo crasso 3

cm. longo vel paullo ultra supra paullo dilatato et fauce 5-6 mm.

lato, lobis oblongis acutiusculis 2-2.5 cm. longis intus dense minu-

tissime puberulis. — Peru: Pampas de Ponasa, Dept. Loreto, March,

1903, E. Vie 6765 (herb. Berol., type).

A relative of Ladenbergia crassifolia (Pavon) Standl., likewise

a Peruvian species.

Limnosipanea parviflora, sp. nov. — Herba tenella annua

erecta 12-20 cm. alta simplicicaulis supra dichotome pauciramosa,

caulibus gracillimis teretibus strigosis, internodiis valde elongatis;

folia parva membranacea breviter petiolata opposita vel media

ternata, lamina ovata vel oblongo-ovata 3-6 mm. longa 2.5-4 mm.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 221

lata acuta basi obtusa vel rotundata et in petiolum 1-2 mm. longum

abrupte contracta trinervia sparse strigosa; flores ad apices ramu-

lorum fere filiformium aggregati pauci arete sessiles; hypanthium

dense setpso-pilosum, calycis laciniis viridibus 1.5 mm. longis lineari-

lanceolatis acuminatis erectis sparse strigosis; corolla infundibularis

5 mm. longa extus glabra, tubo gracili supra paullo dilatato, lobis

brevibus obtusis vix 1 mm. longis. — Brazil: JProv. Minas Geraes,

1816-21, Auguste de Saint- HilaireB21 41 (herb. Paris, type).

Distinct primarily in the minute flowers.

Limnosipanea Schomburgkii Hook. f. in Hook. Icon. pi. 104.0.

1868; Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 6: 254. 1889.

A considerable extension range is indicated by the following

collections in the Stockholm herbarium: Brazil, State of Matto

Grosso: Cuyaba, in arenosis apertis humidis in consortio Porter-

anthera, Acisanthera, etc., June, 1902, G. 0. A. Malme 1654- Prope

Morrinho de Santo Antonio, loco aperto humido parce graminoso,

April, 1894, Malme 1578. The species may also be reported for

the first time from Colombia: Llano de San Martin, Quebradita

Tiramene, Triana 3248 (2} (herb. Paris).

Limnosipanea Spruceana Hook. f. in Benth. & Hook. Gen.

PI. 2: 53. 1873; Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 6: 253. pi. 123, f,

1. 1889.

Of this apparently rare species Schumann lists only the original

collection, Spruce 677 from Santarem, Brazil, represented in the

herbarium of Field Museum by a photograph; and Pohl 3326 from

Pirapora. The following collections therefore represent a sub-

stantial extension of range: Brazil, State of Matto Grosso: Arica,

prope Cuyaba, loco arenoso humido sat graminoso, June, 1894,

G. A. Malme 1662; in ora subnuda paludis, May, 1903, G. 0. A.

Malme 2260 (both in herb. Stockholm).

Loretoa, gen. nov. — Arbores altae glabrae; stipulae magnae

intrapetiolares integrae persistences; folia opposita magna petiolata

coriacea integra plus minusve reticulata; flores actinomorphi majus-

culi pentameri sessiles vel breviter pedicellati in paniculam decus-

satam e cymis paucifloris compositam conflati; calyx cupularis

breviter et inaequaliter 5-6-dentatus intus dense sericeus; corolla

clavato-infundibularis breviter quinqueloba, lobis subrecuryis late

rotundatis integris glabris aestivatione sinistrorsum contortis, tubo

lato supra paullo dilatato prope insertionem staminum piloso;

stamina 5 supra basin tubi inserta, filamentis gracilibus elongatis

glabris, antheris linearibus inclusisbasifixis; discus depresso-annularis;

hypanthium obovoideum biloculare, ovulis numerosis placentae

dissipimento tota longitudine adnatae peltatim affixis sursum im-

bricatis; stylus gracilis elongatus inclusus, stigmate bifido, lamellis

2 lanceolato-ovatis acutis.

222 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

Loretoa peruviana, sp. nov. — Arbor glabra 20-metralis, ramulis

crassis subteretibus vel obtuse quadrangularibus; stipulae fere

3.5 cm. longae crassae fuscae obtusissimae vel acutiusculae; petioli

crassi 2-2.5 cm. longi basi dilatati; lamina late elliptica vel sub-

rotundata 15-18 cm. longa 12 cm. lata apice rotundata basi obtus-

issima vel rotundata coriacea in sicco fusco-brunnescens, costa

venisque supra prpminentibus, venulis vix prominulis, subtus

concolor, costa crassiuscula elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

c. 8 gracilibus prominentibus angulo acutissimo adscendentibus

leviter arcuatis prope marginem conjunctis, nervulis prominentibus

arete reticulatis; inflorescentia magna terminalis sessilis e basi

trichptoma c. 25 cm. longa et aequilata vel latior, ramis crassis

rigidis rectis angulo lato adscendentibus interdum subdivaricatis

ultimis plus minusve compressis; bracteae persistentes oblpngp-

ovatae acutae vel acuminatae patentes c. 1 cm. longae, pedicellis

bracteolatis, bracteolis bracteis conformibus sed multo minoribus;

flos centralis sessilis vel rarius pedicellatus, lateralibus pedicellatis,

pedicellis usque ad 1 cm. longis; calyx persistens c. 3 mm. altus

et 7-10 mm. latus, intus dense sericeus, breviter inaequaliter den-

tatus, dentibus latissime triangularibus acutis vel obtusis; corolla

subcoriacea fere 4 cm. longa extus glabra, tubo fere 3 cm. longo

basi infima 6 mm. lato prope medium 12 mm. lato, lobis late ovato-

rotundatis 8 mm. longis; stamina 6 mm. supra basin tubi inserta,

filamentis 1 cm. longis glabris, antheris linearibus 8 mm. longis;

stylus 12 mm. Ipngus et ultra, lamellis 2 mm. longis; hypanthium

obovoideum basi acutum vel attenuatum 4-5 mm. longum. — Peru:

Dept. Loreto, Florida, Rio Putumayo, at mouth of Rio Zubineta,

alt. 200 meters, in forest, March-April, 1931, G. King 2022 (herb.

Field Mus. No. 641,369, type).

Vernacular name, "meta guais." Corolla "rose-garnet." The

collector states that the fruit is edible, which would imply that it

was fleshy and juicy. I am of the opinion, however, after study

of the ovaries, that the fruit must be capsular. Certainly the ovules

appear to be imbricate and apparently winged, and winged seeds,

of course, would not be found in a baccate fruit.

The writer takes no particular pride in describing this tree as

a new genus, especially because fruit, which would establish its

position more definitely, is not available. If, as is believed, the

fruit at maturity is a capsule, the plant must belong to the tribe

Cinchoneae. There it does not have any very close relatives unless

it be Ferdinandusa, which the Peruvian tree does resemble greatly

in general appearance, as well as in some of the structural details.

Loretoa, however, is altogether distinct from Ferdinandusa in its

equal stamens with included and basifixed anthers.

Macrocnemum latilimbum Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 154.

1930.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 223

Colombia: Prov. Soto, 900 meters, February, 1846-52, L. Schlim

1073 (herb. Paris). A shrub with pink flowers.

Manettia sublanata Wernham, Gen. Manettia 21. 1919. M.

ignita (Veil.) Schum. var. incana Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt.

6: 171. 1889.

With his description Wernham cites only the type, Hassler 8841,

from Cordillera de Villa Rica, Paraguay, a sheet of which I have

seen in the Delessert Herbarium. The following collections in the

same herbarium evidently are conspecific:

Paraguay: In regione Cerros de Tobaty, September, 1900,

Hassler 6246. Villa Rica, sur le bord des ruisseaux, February

1876, Balansa 2135 (type collection of var. incana); flowers rose-

colored.

Manettia Wernhamiana, sp. nov. — Herba (?) volubilis fere

omnino glabra, caulibus crassis teretibus ferrugineis glabris, inter-

nodiis elongatis; stipulae persistentes in vaginam incrassatam 4-5

mm. longam connatae, vagina utroque latere lobo lineari-subulato

erecto 5-6 mm. longo onusta; folia breviter petiolata opposita

subcoriacea, petiolo crasso 3-7 mm. longo; lamina elliptica vel

oblongo-elliptica 4.5-10 cm. longa 2.5-5 cm. lata abrupte cuspidato-

acuminata, acumine fere 1 cm. longo obtuso, basi acutiuscula vel

subobtusa et abrupte contracta, anguste stramineo-marginata,

glabra, supra in sicco olivacea sublucida, costa venisque non elevatis,

subtus paullo pallidior, costa gracillima elevata, neryis lateralibus

utroque latere 6-7 gracilibus prominulis angulo angustissimo adscen-

dentibus, nervulis obsoletis; flores cymoso-capitati, capitulis dense

multifloris 2.5 cm. diam., pedunculis simplicibus axillaribus crassis

glabris 1.5-2.5 cm. longis, floribus sessilibus vel subsessilibus; hypan-

thium obovoideum 2.5 mm. longum glabrum; calyx viridis in sinu-

bus inter lobos parce breviter setuloso-ciliatus, aliter glaber, fere

ad basin 4-fidus, lobis 4-7 mm. longis inaequalibus oblongis vel

spathulato-pblongis obtusis submarginatis patentibus; corolla (per-

fecta non visa) parva in alabastro c. 4 mm. longa ad medium 4-fida

extus glabra in fauce dense albido-barbata. — Brazil: Bahia, in 1832,

Blanchet 809 (herb. Delessert, type).

The plant must be related to Manettia capitata Wernham and

M. Miersiana Wernham, neither of which I have seen. Those are

the only species of the genus which are described as having capitate

inflorescence. Both are described as being smaller in all their parts,

and M. capitata, according to Wernham, is "delicatula," a term

that certainly does not apply to M. Wernhamiana, which is one

of the most robust plants of the whole genus.

Mitracarpus eritrichoides, sp. nov. — Herba pusilla ut videtur

perennis et prostrata ramosa, ramis gracilibus 2-4 cm. longis dense

pilis rigidis albis hispidis, internodiis foliis longioribus vel saepe

224 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

brevioribus; folia brevissime petiolata oblonga vel oblongoelliptica

4-6 mm. longa acuta basi acuta vel subobtusa utrinque densissime

pilis longis patentibus albis hispida; flores dense capitati, capitulis

globosis dense multifloris 4-7 mm. diam. terminalibus vel 1-2

quoque in axillis supremis insertis; hypanthium subglobosum albido-

strigosum, sepalis 4 erectis lanceolato-linearibus attenuatis 1.5-2

mm. longis strigillosis ad costam viridibus albido-marginatis; capsula

bilocularis supra medium circumscissa 1.2 mm. lata. — Brazil: Sources

du Paraguay (envir. de Diamantino), Prov. de Mattogrosso,

December, 1844, H. A. Weddell 3090 (herb. Paris, type).

The plant is clearly referable to Mitracarpus, but in habit and

especially in quality of pubescence it is altogether unlike any other

South American representative of the genus.

Morinda panamensis Seem. Bot. Voy. Herald 136. 1854.

A Central American species, extending to Colombia, but not

recorded previously from Mexico.

Mexico: In shady places, Santa Domitila, Tabasco, April, 1890,

J. N. Rovirosa 779 (herb. Kew.); vernacular name, "palo de peine."

Olden landia filicaulis Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 6:

271. pi. 127, f. 2. 1899.

Brazil: State of Bahia, near Remanso, December, 1906, E. Ule

7419 (herb. Delessert).

Olden landia tenuis Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 6: 273.

1889.

Brazil: Surumu, Rio Branco, Serra do Mel, September, 1909,

E. Ule 8327 (herb. Delessert) ; flowers white.

Palicourea aeneofusca (Muell. Arg.), comb. nov. Psychotria

aeneofusca Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 5: 253. 1881.

Palicourea rigida HBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 3: 370. 1820.

In the enumeration of the Rubiaceae of Colombia (Field Mus.

Bot. 7: 149. 1930), only one collection of this species, from Santa

Marta, was reported, but another has been noted more recently:

Colombia: Ocana, J.Engel (herb. Leningrad).

Palicpurea aphthosa, sp. nov. — Frutex 2-metralis, ramulis

vetustioribus teretibus crassis ochraceis, novellis fuscis vel fusco-

ferrugineis densissime et minutissime ochraceo-pilosulis, internodiis

brevibus; stipulae 3-4 mm. longae persistentes alte connatae ad

medium bilobae, lobis late triangularibus obtusis fuscescentibus

glabratis; folia breviter petiolata opposita coriacea, petiolo crasso

4-8 mm. longo glabro; lamina lanceolato-oblonga prope medium

latissima 5.5-8.5 cm. longa 1.5-2.8 cm. lata breviter acuminata,

acumine obtusiusculo, basi acuta, anguste marginata, supra in sicco

fusco-brunnescens, primo prope costam sparse minute puberula sed

cito glabrata, costa venisque non elevatis, sublucida, subtus palli-

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 225

dior, brunnescens, glabra, costa gracili elevata, neryis lateralibus

utroque latere c. 17 gracilibus prominentibus arcuatis angulo lato

adscendentibus juxta marginem conjunctis, nervulis prominulis arete

reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis sessilis vel pedunculata, saepe

prope basin foliaceo-bracteata, thyrsoideo-paniculata, dense multi-

flora, 4-7 cm. longa, 3-4 cm. lata, basi trichotoma, supra plerumque

oppositiramosa, ramis crassis rigidis adscendentibus saepe angulatis

densissime minute ochraceo-puberulis, bracteis plerumque basi

ramorum insertis ovato-triangularibus vel subulatis rigidis glabratis

usque ad 3 mm. longis acutis vel acuminatis patentibus, floribus

arete sessilibus in cymulas dense multifloras dispositis; hypanthium

late cylindraceum vix 1 mm. longum glabratum, calyce lato sub-

aequilongo remote acuteque 5-denticulato, denticulis acutis glabris

vel glabratis; corolla lutea in alabastro 5-6 mm. longa clavata

glabra vel glabrata, basi loborum 5-verrucosa, tubo crasso basi

valde incrassato supra dilatato, lobis 5 ovali-ovatis obtusis tubo

paullo brevioribus. — Peru: Mountains southwest of Monzon, Prov.

Huamalies, Dept. Huanuco, alt. 2,500-2,900 meters, July 13, 1903,

A. Weberbauer 3401 (herb. Berol., type).

"Flowers citron-yellow." A fairly well-marked species, note-

worthy for the very dense and minute, pale, dirty pubescence of

the branches, and for the wart-like projections at the base of the

corolla lobes.

Palicourea aragmatophylla Schum. & Krause, Bot. Jahrb.

40: 332. 1908.

Ecuador: Villonaco, November, 1881, Poortmann 77 (herb.

Paris); a shrub 3-5 meters high; flowers greenish blue.

Palicourea barraensis (Muell. Arg.), comb. nov. Psychotria

barraensis Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 5: 254. 1881.

Palicourea charianthema Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 226.

1930.

Two additional collections of this species may now be reported:

Peru: Iquitos, Dept. Loreto, 120 meters, a shrub in forest, October

11, 1929, Williams 3678. Paraiso, Alto Rio Itaya, Dept. Loreto,

145 meters, October 1, 1929, a common shrub, Williams 3302.

Palicourea stenostachys Krause, Bot. Jahrb. 40: 340. 1908.

Only the type collection of this Peruvian species has been known

heretofore, but three recent collections may now be reported. The

species is represented in the herbarium of Field Museum by the

following material: Peru: Open thickets near Moyobamba, Dept.

Loreto, 900 meters, Weberbauer 4474 (photo, and fragm. of type

from herb. Berol.). Tarapoto, Dept. San Martin, 750 meters, a

shrub, Williams 5980. Lamas, near Tarapoto, 840 meters, a small

226 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

shrub, Williams 6388. San Roque, Dept. San Martin, a shrub in

open dry loam, 1,350-1,500 meters, Wittiams 7276.

Palicourea chrysotricha (Zahlbr.), comb. nov. Psychotria

chrysotricha Zahlbr. Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien 7: 1. 1892.

Palicourea cymosa (R. & P.), comb. nov. Psychotria cymosa

R. & P. Fl. 2: 59. pi. 206, f. b. 1799.

Palicourea paraensis (Muell. Arg.), comb. nov. Psychotria

paraensis Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 5: 245. 1881.

Palicourea decipiens (Muell. Arg.), comb. nov. Psychotria

decipiens Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 5: 241. 1881.

Palicourea grandifolia (Willd.), comb. nov. Psychotria grandi-

folia Willd. apud Roem. & Schult. Syst. 5: 190. 1819.

Palicourea polyodonta (Muell. Arg.), comb. nov. Psychotria

polyodonta Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 5: 236. 1881.

Palicourea cornifolia Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 7: 318. 1931.

Bolivia: Incachaca, Prov. Chapare, Dept. Cochabamba, 2,200

meters, in forest, January, 1929, Steinbach 8908 (herb. Stockholm).

Palicourea fastigiata HBK. — A species common in many parts

of South America, but apparently unknown previously in Central

America. Apparently it has not been seen by recent collectors

in the Canal Zone region, although found there many years ago.

Panama: Lion Hill Station, in swamps, May, 1862, Sutton Hayes

667 (herb. Paris). A shrub of 2.5-3.5 meters; flowers reddish yellow.

Palicourea Herzogii, sp. nov. — Frutex ut videtur dense ramosus

ramulis subteretibus laevibus glabris fusco-brunneis, internodiis

brevibus; stipulae persistentes in vaginam incrassatam 1 mm.

longam subtruncatam connatae, vagina in lobos 4 erectos rigidos

anguste triangulares obtusiusculos 1.5-2 mm. longos connatae;

folia parva breviter petiolata coriacea, petiolo crassiusculo glabro

4-6 mm. longo; lamina saepe complicata oblongo-ovata vel elliptico-

oblonga 4.5-7.5 cm. longa 2-2.8 cm. lata versus apicem acutum

paullo angustata, basi acuta, supra in sicco luteovirens, costa

prominente, venis prominulis, glabra, subtus paullo pallidior, glabra,

costa crassiuscula elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 11

gracilibus prominentibus angulo latiusculo adscendentibus arcuatis

marginem fere attingentibus, nervulis prominulis arctissime reticu-

latis; inflorescentia terminalis parva 2.5-3.5 cm. longe pedunculata

erecta dense cymoso-corymbosa multiflora 2-3 cm. lata et aequilonga

compacta, ramis brevibus crassis glabris vel sparse minute hirtellis,

floribus sessilibus vel breviter crasse pedicellatis, bracteis minutis;

hypanthium glabrum turbinatum vix 1 mm. longum, calyce parvo

obtuse dentato c. 0.6 mm. longo; corolla aurea 9-10 mm. longa

tubulosa basi paullo dilatata, tubo crasso cylindraceo supra fere 2

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 227

mm. lato extus ubique densissime pilis Ipngiusculis crassiusculis

patentibus villoso et quasi tuberculato, lobis brevibus erectis ovali-

ovatis c. 1 mm. longis. — Bolivia: Tres Cruces, Cordillera de Santa

Cruz, alt. 1,500 meters, February, 1911, Th. Herzog 1563 (herb.

Stockholm, type).

The collection has been reported by Dr. Herzog as Palicourea

rigida HBK., "forma parvifolia," the determination made by Wern-

ham. However, the plant represented is not at all closely related

to that well-known species. It is well distinct from any of the

several other species recorded from Bolivia, nor have I been able

to refer it to any described from neighboring regions, although it

has no particularly pronounced characters. The corolla characters

are the most distinctive.

Palicourea hispidula, sp. nov. — Ramuli graciles teretes glabri

fusco-ferruginei, internodiis brevibus plerumque circa 1 cm. longis;

stipulae persistentes in vaginam 1-1.5 mm. longam hispidulam

connatae, vagina in lobos 4 lineari-subulatos 4-5 mm. longos hispi-

dulos vel glabratos erectos approximates desinente; folia parva

breviter petiolata opposita coriacea, petiolo crasso 2-5 mm. longo

sparse hispidulo vel glabrato; lamina lanceolato-oblonga prope

medium latissima 4.5-9 cm. longa 1.5-2.3 cm. lata longiuscule

sensim acuminata basi acuta, acumine angusto attenuato-acuto,

supra in sicco fusco-olivacea glabra opaca, costa venisque non

elevatis, subtus pallidior, sparse praesertim ad venas hispidula vel

serius glabrata, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere c. 10, aliis paullo minus conspicuis interdum interjectis,

prominulis gracilibus angulo lato saepe fere recto adscendentibus

arcuatis marginem fere attingentibus, nervulis prominulis laxe reticu-

latis; inflorescentia terminalis cymoso-corymbosa graciliter 1 cm.

longe pedunculata laxe pauciflora foliis subaequalis basi trichotoma,

ramis gracillimis fuscis ut pedunculis glabris, floribus in cymulas

trifloras dispositis vel interdum subumbellatis, bracteis minutis

lanceolatis hispidulis saepe supra axillas insertis, pedicellis gracili-

bus rectis plerumque 5-8 mm. longis; hypanthium late obovoideum

cum pedicello articulatum 1 mm. longum glabrum vel glabratum,

calyce late campanulato 1.5 mm. longo sparse minute hispidulo

breviter denticulato, denticulis distantibus triangularibus erectis

acutis; corolla extus glabra vel in alabastro sparse minute hispidula,

tubo gracili 9-10 mm. longo basi paullo incrassato subcurvo supra

paullo dilatato prppe medium 1.5 mm. lato, lobis ovato- triangular-

ibus 2.5 mm. longis suberectis acutiusculis intus dense pulyerulaceo-

puberulis; antherae oblongo-lineares semiexsertae. — Brazil: "Envi-

rons de Rio de Janeiro et d'Ouro Preto," 1883-84, A. Glaziou 14900

(herb. Kew., type).

It is difficult to determine the closest relatives of the present

plant, but it may be recognized best by the sparse, coarse, harsh

pubescence, most of which disappears in age.

228 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

Palicourea Klugii, sp. nov. — Arbor 5-metralis ut videtur omnino

glabra, ramulis crassiusculis fuscis subteretibus; stipulae erectae

subadpressae 6-8 mm. longae ad medium bilobae, lobis late semi-

pvatis obtusissimis; folia breviter petiolata maxima crasse coriacea

in sicco fusca, petiolo crasso 2 cm. Ipngo; lamina lanceolato-oblonga

24-35 cm. longa 8-12 cm. lata breviter acute acuminata, basi acuta

et obliqua supra opaca vel sublucida, costa yenisque prominulis,

subtus fere concolor, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere c. 14 gracilibus prominentibus angulo fere recto divaricatis,

nervulis obscuris vel obsoletis; inflorescentia terminalis 2.5 cm. longe

pedunculata erecta globoso-thyrspidea dense multiflora c. 6 cm.

longa et aequilata, ramis patentibus basi nudis obtuse angulatis

brevibus, bracteis obsoletis, pedicellis gracilibus plerumque 1-1.5

cm. longis; hypanthium cylindraceo-obovoideum 1.5 mm. longum;

calyx fere obsoletus annuliformis obscure denticulatus; discus ele-

vatus calyce bene longior; corolla lilacina lineari-tubulosa extus

glabra, tubo gracili usque ad 14 mm. longo supra interdum paullo

dilatato et fauce 2.5-3 mm. lato, lobis oblongo-linearibus 3-4 mm.

longis adscendentibus obtusis; antherae lineares breviter exsertae

4-5 mm. longae. — Peru: Dept. Loreto, Florida, Rio Putumayo, at

mouth of Rio Zubineta, alt. 200 meters, in forest, March-April,

1931, G. King 1977 (herb. Field Mus. No. 641,384, type).

The plant has no especially distinctive characters within the

genus, but it is noteworthy for its unusually large leaves, small,

condensed, thyrsiform inflorescence, and complete lack of

pubescence.

The collector gives the vernacular name as "parinari," and

states that the fruit is edible. I suspect that the name is erroneous,

since it is given usually to certain trees of the family Rosaceae.

Palicourea lachnantha, sp. nov. — Arbuscula 4-metralis, ramu-

lis teretibus fuscis glabris vel glabratis; stipulae 8-10 mm. longae

puberulae fere ad basin bifidae, laciniis lineari-lanceolatis attenuatis

erectis; folia opposita breviter petiolata firme membranacea in sicco

fusca, petiolo gracili c. 1.5 cm. longo puberulo; lamina lanceolato-

oblonga 22-25 cm. longa 7-8 cm. lata longiuscule acuminata basin

versus attenuata et plus minusve decurrens, supra sublucida ad

nervos puberula aliter glabra costa yenisque prominulis, subtus fere

concolor praesertim ad nervos breviter patenti-pilosa, aliter glabra

vel glabrata, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

c. 15 gracillimis prominentibus arcuatis, nervulis prominulis in-

conspicuis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis parva cymosa

2 cm. longe pedunculata, dense multiflora, c. 5 cm. longa et 7 cm.

lata, ramis brevibus dense pilosis divaricatis vel adscendentibus

basi non bracteatis, bracteis lanceolatis fuscis longe attenuatis

usque ad 14 mm. longis ciliatis, floribus sessilibus vel breviter

pedicellatis confertis; hypanthium villpsum, calyce profunde lobato,

laciniis lineari-lanceolatis attenuatis villosis usque ad 3 mm. longis;

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 229

corolla tubulosa c. 2.5 cm. longa extus densiuscule pilis longissimis

plerumque 3-4 mm. longis patentibus villosa, tubo crassiusculo

supra paullo dilatato fauce 4 mm. lato, lobis angustis 3-4 mm.

longis. — Peru: Dept. Loreto, Florida, Rio Putumayo, at mouth of

Rio Zubineta, alt. 200 meters, March-April, 1931, G. King 1973

(herb. Field Mus., type).

"Corolla red-violet." The species may be recognized immedi-

ately by the large corolla and the extraordinarily long pubescence

with which it is covered.

Palicourea laniflora, sp. nov. — Praeter inflorescentiam omnino

glabra, ramulis crassis subteretibus in sicco nigris; stipulae breves

profunde bilobae, lobis 2.5-3 mm. longis apice rotundatis plus

minusve induratis erectis; folia magna petiolata crasse membranacea,

petiolo crassiusculo 3-4 cm. longo; lamina elliptico-oblonga 16-^29

cm. longa 5.5-8.5 cm. lata acuta vel breyiter acuminata, acumine

angusto acute attenuate, basi acuta, in sicco fusco-olivacea, minu-

tissime sparse papillosa, supra yix lucida, costa nervisque prominulis,

subtus concolor, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere c. 13 gracillimis prominentibus angulo fere recto divergentibus

in marginem desinentibus, venulis prominulis laxe reticulatis; in-

florescentia terminalis erecta 10 cm. longe pedunculata thyrsoideo-

paniculata c. 8 cm. longa et fere aequilata dense multiflora, ramis

compressis vel angulatis sparse minute puberulis, ramis basi brac-

teatis, floribus cymosis dense congestis, pedicellis crassis suberectis

usque ad 3 mm. longis puberulis, bracteis minutis late ovatis acumi-

natis puberulis; hypanthium late cylindraceum 1-1.5 mm. longum

dense puberulum, calyce cupulari truncato hypanthio latiore vix

0.8 mm. alto; corolla extus dense pilis longis mollibus villosa fere

3 cm. longa, tubo crasso basi 4-5 mm. lato ad faucem 5-6 mm. lato,

lobis late ovatis obtusis 3-4 mm. longis erectis. — Brazil: Rio Negro,

"Herb. Lasit." (herb. Paris, type).

This Palicourea of the Amazonian region is a relative of P.

lanata (Muell. Arg.) Standl. of the same general region. P. lanata

and its related species, as listed by Mueller in the Flora Brasiliensis,

all differ in having much smaller corollas.

Palicourea lasiantha Krause, Bot. Jahrb. 40: 341. 1908.

The species was described from Peru, and occurs also in Bolivia.

It may now be reported from Colombia: Rio Putumayo, on the

Peruvian border, in forest, Klug 1628. A tree 6 meters high; flowers

lilac.

Palicourea ovalifolia (Rusby) Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 7: 323.

1931. Psycholria ovalifolia Rusby, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 4: 371.

1907.

Colombia: Umbria, Comisaria del Putumayo, 325 meters, in

forest, Klug 1762. A shrub 2 meters high; flowers yellow and red.

230 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

Heretofore the species has been known only from Bolivia, but

now that its range has been extended to Colombia, it may be ex-

pected confidently in Amazonian Peru. It is not improbable that

an earlier name may be found for this species, but I have been

unable so far to discover one.

Palicourea Mansoana (Muell. Arg.), comb. nov. Psychotria

Mansoana Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 5: 243. pi. 34- 1881.

Several collections of this rare species are represented in the

Stockholm herbarium : Brazil (State of Matto Grosso) : Santa Anna

da Chapada, in ripa rivi in silva, September, 1902, G. 0. A. Malme

2418. Santa Anna da Chapada, June, 1903, Malme 3484, 3484a.

Palicourea martinicensis, sp. nov. — Frutex omninp glaber

ut yidetur dense ramosus, ramis crassis teretibus olivaceis, inter-

nodiis brevibus; stipulae persistentes erectae in vaginam truncatam

subincrassatam 2 mm. longam connatae, vagina in lobos 4 e basi

triangulari subulato-attenuatos 2.5-3 mm. longos desinente; folia

parva petiolata ppposita coriacea, petiolo crassiusculp 4-9 mm.

longo; lamina elliptica vel late elliptica, rarius elliptico-oblonga,

4-7.5 cm. longa 1.7-4 cm. lata longe sensim acuminata, acumine

longe attenuate acuto, basi acuta vel interdum pbtusa et abrupte

acute decurrens, supra in sicco fusco-flavescens, lucida, costa venisque

prominulis et conspicuis, subtus concolor, costa gracili elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 7 obliquis gracilibus elevatis

angulo semirecto vel paullo latiore adscendentibus arcuatis margi-

nem fere attingentibus, nervulis obsoletis; inflorescentia terminalis

erecta c. 2 cm. longe pedunculata, pedunculo crasso, cymoso-fasti-

giata densissime pauci- vel multiflora 2.5-3 cm. longa et aequilata

basi trichotoma, ramis brevibus crassis suberectis basi bracteatis,

bracteis subpersistentibus viridescentibus lineari-attenuatis sub-

erectis plerumque 5-9 mm. longis, flpribus cymoso-cpngestis sessili-

bus vel usque ad 6 mm. longe pedicellatis, pedicellis rectis supra

incrassatis; hypanthium turbinatum 2-2.5 mm. longum basi acutum,

calyce 5-partito, laciniis lineari-attenuatis vel lanceolato-oblongis

4-5 mm. longis erectis persistentibus; corolla perfecte evoluta non

visa, in alabastro apice late obtusa extus glabra; bacca late ovoidep-

globosa c. 8 mm. longa et aequilata apice breviter contracta, pyrenis

2 dorso crasse costatis, costis transverse rugosis. — Martinique:

Piton de 1'Alba, March, 1869, L. Hahn 802 (herb. Paris, type;

duplicate in herb. Kew.). Casa Pilote, April, 1870, Hahn 198

(herb. Paris).

While there is some uncertainty regarding the generic position

of the plant, there is little doubt that it is best referred to Palicourea.

From all other West Indian species of the genus Palicourea it is

conspicuously distinct in the narrow and distinctively elongate

calyx lobes.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 231

Palicourea punoensis, sp. nov. — Frutex, ramulis crassius-

culis, vetustioribus fusco-ferrugineis subteretibus, novellis subacute

tetragonis glabris, internodiiis plerumque 2.5-4.5 cm. longis; stipulae

persistentes glabrae erectae alte connatae 3-4 mm. longae profunde

bilobae, lobis triangularibus acutis remotis vel approximates, vagina

interdum ad basin sparse hispidula; folia mediocria brevissime

petiplata subcoriacea opposita, petiolo crasso glabro 3-4 mm. longo;

lamina anguste lanceolato-oblonga 8-12.5 cm. longa 2.5-3.5 cm. lata

longissime sensim attenuatp-acuminata, basi acuta vel basin versus

longe attenuata, supra in sicco brunnescens, glabra, costa venisque

vix elevatis, anguste marginata, subtus pallidior, sparse minute

fulvo-pilosula, ad costam gracilem elevatam hispidula, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere c. 17 obliquis gracilibus prominentibus

angulo lato adscendentibus prope marginem in nervum subdis-

tinctum conjunctis, nervulis vix prominulis laxe reticulatis; in-

florescentia terminalis thyrsoidea 2-4.5 cm. longe pedunculata,

pedunculo recto densiuscule hispidulo, panicula interdum basi

foliaceo-bracteata densissime multiflora 2.5-4 cm. longa 3-4 cm.

lata basi trichptoma, ramis breyibus plerumque oppositis crassis

dense hispidulis, bracteis glabris vel glabratis oblongis obtusis

plerumque 2-3 mm. longis persistentibus ad basin ramorum insertis,

floribus parvis in cymulas densas confertas dispositis sessilibus vel

subsessilibus; hypanthium late obovoideum glabrum vel glabratum

vix 0.5 mm. longum, calyce late campanulato glabrato breviter

dentato, dentibus latissime triangularibus vel late ovatis obtusis vel

acutiusculis; corolla viridescens extus glabra vel sparse hispidula

in alabastro apice late obtusa, 5-6 mm. longa, tubo basi incrassato

supra paullo dilatato, lobis ovali-ovatis obtusis tubo duplo brevi-

oribus. — Peru: Between Tambo Yuncacoya and Tambo Cachicachi,

on the road from Sandia to Chunchusmoyo, Dept. Puno, alt. 1,800-

2,200 meters, June 8, 1902, A. Weberbauer 1143 (herb. Berol., type).

A member of. the group of Palicourea macrobotrys (R. & P.)

R. & S., but that species differs constantly in its thin leaves, elongate

and lax inflorescence, and much larger corolla.

Palicourea sclerophylla (Muell. Arg.), comb. nov. Psychotria

sclerophylla Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 5: 239. 1881.

Palicourea toensis (Britt. & Wils.), comb. nov. Psychotria

toensis Britt. & Wils. Mem. Torrey Club 16: 113. 1920. Palicourea

purpurascens Urban, Symb. Antill. 9: 167. 1923.

Cuba: Camp La Gloria, south of Sierra Moa, Oriente, Cuba,

Shafer 8141- Minas de Iberia, in cacumine Sierra Maestra ad

Taco Bay, 800 meters, Ekman 3779, type collection of Palicourea

purpurascens.

I have not seen Shafer 4009, the type collection of Psychotria

toensis, but Shafer 8141 was determined by Britton and Wilson as

the same species. The latter collection is clearly conspecific with

232 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

Ekman 3779. The plant is referable to Palicourea rather than

Psychotria, if the two genera are to be separated.

Palicourea Toroi Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 7: 150. 1930.

Colombia: Prov. Barbacoas, Triana 1716 (herb. Paris). Between

Tuquerres and Barbacoas, Prov. Popayan, 900 meters, Triana 1727

(P).

Heretofore only the type specimen of this species has been known.

Palicourea triphylla DC. Prodr. 4: 526. 1830.

Although the species is common and widely distributed in other

regions, only two collections have been listed from Colombia. The

following represents an extension of range: Colombia: Forests of

Fusagasuga, Prov. Bogota, 1,800 meters, Linden 823 (herb. Paris).

The species grows ordinarily at or near sea level, hence the locality

data are open to question.

Palicourea virens (Poepp. & Endl.), comb. nov. Psychotria

virens Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 3: 33. 1845.

I have seen no authentic material of this species, but the col-

lection listed below seems to agree well with the descriptions. The

corolla of the specimen cited is merely obscurely puberulent, rather

than hirtellous, as described, but I find no other differences. The

type was collected at Ega.

Brazil: In silvis non inundatis circa Villa Braga prope cataractum

infimum fluminis Tapajoz, State of Para, October, 1922, A. Ducke

18847 (herb. Berol.) ; a tall shrub, the inflorescences yellowish orange;

corolla white.

Posoqueria Mutisii, sp. nov. — Frutex vel arbuscula praeter

inflorescentiam omnino glabra, ramulis teretibus crassiusculis, inter-

nodiis ut videtur elongatis; folia magna breviter petiolata subcori-

acea, petiolo crasso 2 cm. longo; lamina lanceolato-oblonga vel

anguste lanceolato-oblonga 18-25 cm. longa 5.5-7.5 cm. lata con-

spicue incrassato-marginata apice subspinoso-acuminata vel versus

apicem longe sensim attenuata, basi late obtusa vel acuta, supra

in sicco laete viridis costa prominente, nervis prominulis, subtus

pallida, costa crassiuscula elevata, nervis ut venulis obsoletis; flores

cymqsi terminales, cymis circa trifloris vel multifloris, pedicellis

crassis 6-10 mm. longis sparse hirtellis vel glabratis; hypanthium

obconicum 2.5 mm. longum sparse hirtellum vel glabratum; calyx

2.5 mm. longus fere ad basin lobatus, lobis triangularibus acutis

ciliolatis viridibus; corolla extus glabra, tubo gracillimo 13-14 cm.

longo 1.5 mm. lato, lobis patentibus anguste oblongis obtusis 2-2.5

cm. longis. — Colombia: Without locality, Jose Celestino Mutis 2257

(U. S. Nat. Herb., No. 1,560,305, type), 4947.

Resembling P. longiflora Aubl., which has much longer flowers

and broader calyx lobes.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 233

Psychotria apodocephala, sp. noy. — Frutex 1.5-2-metralis,

trunco 2.5-5 cm. diam., ramulis gracillimis rigidis teretibus viridibus

glabris, interdum compressis; stipulae persistentes in yaginam

truncatam glabram 1.5 mm. longam connatae, vagina in setas

4 erectas 2-3 mm. longas desinente; folia opposita parva sessilia

vel subsessilia rigide membranacea late ovato-elliptica vel oblongo-

ovata 3-5.5 cm. longa 2-3 cm. lata abrupte longiuscule acuminata,

acumine triangulari acuto attenuate, basi breviter cordata, in sicco

luteo-viridis glabra, costa supra elevata, subtus fere concolor, costa

arete elevata gracili, nervis lateralibus utroque latere 5-6 gracillimis

arcuatis marginem attingenibus angulo semirecto adscendentibus,

neryulis vix prominulis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis

capitata pauciflora sessilis, bracteis parvis inconspicuis linearibus,

floribus arete sessilibus; hypanthium breve, calyce vix 0.8 mm.

longo remote dentato, dentibus late triangularibus acutiusculis;

corolla albida extus glabra vel sparsissime puberula 4 mm. longa,

lobis 4 oblongis obtusis suberectis 1.5-2 mm. longis intus glabris;

stamina inclusa, stylo breviter exserto. — Colombia: El Humbo,

Department of Boyaca, alt. 900 meters, edge of forest, September

19, 1932, A. E. Lawrance 442 (herb. Field Mus. No. 708,575, type).

A well-marked species, quite unlike any other known from

Colombia; noteworthy for its small sessile inflorescences, and its

small sessile leaves.

Psychotria arirambana, sp. nov. — Frutex parvus multira-

mosus, ramis gracilibus rigidis subteretibus puberulis, internodiis

brevibus vel elongatis; vagina stipularis incrassata vix ultra 1 mm.

longa, lobis brevissimis dentiformibus; folia parva brevissime

petiolata coriacea, petiolo 1-2 mm. longo; lamina oblonga vel lanceo-

lato-oblonga 2.5-4 cm. longa 9-15 mm. lata acuta basi late rotundata

vel brevissime cordata glabra, supra oliyacea lucida costa elevata,

nervis prominulis, subtus paullo pallidior, costa gracili elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 12 prominentibus arcuatis angulo

semirecto adscendentibus marginem attingentibus, nervulis prom-

inentibus arete reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis capitiformis

subrecurva brevissime pedunculata densissime pauciflora c. 8 mm.

lata, pedunculo puberulo, bracteis viridibus omnibus subaequilongis

4-5 mm. longis lanceolatis vel lanceolato-linearibus corollis longiori-

bus glabris suberectis, floribus sessilibus; hypanthium breve glabrum,

sepalis fere distinctis acutiusculis c. 0.6 mm. longis; corolla alba

parce puberula in alabastro oblonga apice late rotundata c. 3 mm.

longa. — Brazil: Campos do Ariramba, Rio Trombitas, civ. Para,

in fruticetis "campina-rana" prope flumen Jaramacaru, December

4, 1910, A. Ducke 28100 (herb. Berol., type; fragment in herb.

Field Mus.).

Somewhat suggestive of Psychotria rubra (Willd.) Muell. Arg.,

which, however, has much more elongate bracts and larger leaves

that are acute at base.

234 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

Psychotria barbiflora DC. Prodr. 4: 509. 1830.

Brazil: Rio de Janeiro, Corcovado, October, 1874, H. Mosen

2519 (herb. Stockholm). Pernambuco, in 1838, Gardner (herb.

Kew.); a shrub 1.5 meters high. Natividade, in 1840, Gardner

3227 (K); a shrub 1 meter high, in forest. Santa Cruz da Barra,

Matto Grosso, in silvis primaevis, March, 1894, Lindman A. 3201

(S). Santa Anna da Chapada, Matto Grosso, May, 1903, Malme

(S). Rio de Janeiro, Nitheroy, December, 1901, Dusen 116 (S).

Psychotria Beyrichiana Muell. Arg. Flora 59: 542. 1876.

Brazil: Rio de Janeiro, Ule 3719 (herb. Berol.; fragm. in herb.

Field Mus.). Rio Negro, Prov. Minas Geraes, January, 1888,

J. T. de Moura 190 (herb. Berol.). Road between Monte Serrat

and Ponte Maromba, Mount Itatiaya, Estacao Biologica, 800-

1,000 meters, L. B. Smith 1426 (Gray herb.; fragm. in F). Caldas,

Minas Geraes, in 1875, Regnell III. 1817 (herb. Stockholm, herb.

Paris).

Psychotria boyacana, sp. nov. — Frutex 1.5-2-metralis, trunco

2.5-7 cm. diam., ramulis gracilibus dense breviter hispidulis; stipulae

erectae in vaginam dense hispidulam 3 mm. longam connatae,

vagina in lobos 4 hispidulos lineari-subulatos 4 mm. longos desinente;

folia opposita mediocria breviter petiolata papyracea, petiolo

crassiusculo 5-10 mm. longo hispidulo; lamina oblonga vel oblan-

ceolato-oblonga 7-14 cm. longa 2.5-4 cm. lata subabrupte longissime

attenuato-acuminata, acumine angustissimo 1.5-2 cm. longo

longe sensim attenuate, basi obtusa vel acuta, supra in sicco viridis

glabra, subtus paullo pallidior ubique sed ad venas densius hispidula,

costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 11 arcuatis

elevatis angulo latiusculo adscendentibus in marginem desinentibus,

nervulis conspicue elevatis arete reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis

e capitulis densis 3-4 racemose dispositis composite 2 cm. longe

pedunculata erecta, rhachi dense pilosa, capitulis infimis breviter

pedunculatis, pedunculis bracteis persistentibus viridibus ovatis

usque ad 1 cm. longis villosis fulcratis, capitulis multifloris 8-10

mm. diam., bracteis viridibus rotundato-ovatis ad 8 mm. longis

villosis acutis vel acuminatis involucratis; hypanthium breve dense

villosum, calycis lobis linearibus erectis hypanthio duplo longioribus;

corolla ochroleuca in alabastro obtusa dense villosa. — Colombia:

La Chapon, Department of Boyaca, alt. 1,050 meters, edge of forest,

July 14, 1932, A. E. Lawrance 317 (herb. Field Mus. No. 708,579,

type).

Conspicuous characters are the few, racemosely disposed, densely

bracted heads, and the leaves, perfectly glabrous on the upper

surface but densely yellowish-hispidulous beneath.

Psychotria brevicollis Muell. Arg. Flora 59: 548. 1876.

Brazil: Ponta Grossa, Parana, in "Capao Grande," in silvula,

880 meters, Dusen 8042. Capao Grande, Parana, April 9, 1909,

Dusen (herb. Stockholm). Morretas, Parana, Dusen 4348 (S).

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 235

Rio Uruguay, Santa Catharina, Dusen 17774 (S). Therezina,

Parana, 980 meters, Dusen 11236 (S). Alexandra, Parana, Dusen

11481 (S). Prov. Sao Paulo, Saint- Hilaire 1307 (herb. Kew.).

Prov. Rio de Janeiro, Vauthier 47 (herb. Paris). Nouvelle Fribourg,

Claussen (P). Without locality, Vauthier 96 (herb. Kew.). Colonia

Ipuhy, in silva primaeva, Rio Grande do Sul, Lindman A.I 453 (S).—

Paraguay: Pirapo, in silva primaeva, Lindman A.I 811 (S).

Psychotria calocardia, sp. nov. — Frutex parvus ramosus

praeter inflorescentiam omnino glaber, ramulis gracilibus rigidis

teretibus olivaceis, internodiis elongatis vulgo foliis longioribus;

vagina stipularis vix 1 mm. longa persistens truncata, lobis minutis

dentiformibus; folia parva sessilia coriacea anguste oblongp-tri-

angularia 2.5-4 cm. longa 8-18 mm. lata longe sensimque acuminata

basi breviter cordata, supra in sicco olivacea sublucida costa prom-

inente, nervis ut venulis prominulis, subtus flavescentia costa gracili

valde elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 10 gracilibus

prominentibus inferioribus approximatis superioribus magis dis-

tantibus in marginem desinentibus, nervulis prominentibus arete

reticulatis, costa interdum parce puberula; inflorescentia terminalis

capituliformis erecta 13 mm. longe pedunculata, pedunculo puberulo

recto, ramis brevissimis supra basin bracteatis, bracteis linearibus

acutis 3-4 mm. longis suberectis, floribus paucis sessilibus; calyx

remote brevissime dentatus; fructus subdidymo-globosus glaber

3.5 mm. latus, coccis late rotundatis dorso acutiuscule costatis. —

Brazil: Faro, civ. Para, in arenosis Campos do Chicodaca, August

21, 1907, A. Ducke 23105 (herb. BeroL, type; fragm. in herb.

Field Mus.).

A relative of Psychotria cuspidata Willd., or at least of some of

the forms referred to that species by Mueller in the Flora Brasiliensis,

but conspicuously different in its sessile cordate leaves.

Psychotria capituliflora (Muell. Arg.), comb. nov. Mapouria

capituliflora Muell. Arg. Flora 59: 495. 1876.

Brazil: Serra do Itatiaia, Mont Serrat, ad rivulum, 900 meters,

October, 1902, Dusen 2103 (herb. Stockholm).

Psychotria cephalantha (Muell. Arg.), comb. nov. Mapouria

cephalantha Muell. Arg. Flora 59: 495. 1876.

Psychotria chaenotricha DC. Prodr. 4: 509. 1830.

Brazil: Aguas Novas, Rio de Janeiro, John Miers 3859 (herb.

Kew.).

Psychotria chlorotica Muell. Arg. var. lanceolata Muell.

Arg. Flora 59: 542. 1876.

Brazil: Santa Rita do Passa Quatro, Sao Paulo, November,

1897, Ernst Hemmendorff 37 (herb. Stockholm), 35 (S). Sra. de

Itapirapuan, Matto Grosso, in silva primaeva, April, 1894, C. A. M.

Lindman A.3331 (S); flowers yellowish white. Alagoas, Netto

236 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

(herb. Paris). Prov. Goyaz, in 1840, Gardner 3771 (herb. Kew.);

shrub 1-1.5 meters high; flowers white.

Psychotria choriophylla Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 7: 89. 1930.

The species was based upon Triana 3149 from Provincia de

Buenaventura. The following specimen, although bearing a differ-

ent number, is probably of the same collection: Colombia: El Guineo,

near Buenaventura, Prov. Choco, 10 meters, 1851-57, J. Triana

1725 (herb. Paris).

Psychotria cincta Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 7: 90. 1930.

The species was based upon a single collection from Cordoba,

Dagua Valley, Colombia. Apparently conspecific is the following:

Colombia: Intendencia del Choco, La Concepcion, 15 km. east of

Quibdo, 75 meters, April-May, 1931, W. A. Archer 2001 (U. S.

Nat. Herb.). The distinctive leaves may be as much as 20 cm.

long and 10 cm. wide, and the slender stipule lobes up to 18 mm.

The collector describes the plant as a slender shrub 1-3 meters

high, with gray-green fruit.

Psychotria Cooperi Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 4. 296. 1929.

The species was described from the Chiriqui and Bocas del

Toro regions of Panama. Recent exploration has disclosed its

occurrence also in Colombia: La Concepcion, Intendencia del Choco,

15 km. east of Quibdo, 75 meters, April-May, 1931, W. A. Archer

2079, 1937. A bushy shrub 1-2 meters high; flowers white; fruit

dark bluish black. Vernacular name, "amarga." A decoction of the

plant is employed in domestic medicine as a remedy for rheumatism.

Psychotria cuspidata Willd. var. compacta Muell. Arg. in

Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 5: 288. 1881.

Brazil: Prov. Espirito Santo, 1816-21, Auguste de Saint- Hilaire

367 (herb. Paris), 363 (herb. Paris). Rio Purus, September, 1874,

J. W. H. Traill 411 (herb. Kew.); a low shrub; flowers white or

yellowish. Rio Purus, upper Amazon, September, 1874, Traill

413 (K); a shrub with yellowish white flowers. Lago Cerrado,

Rio Jurua, October, 1874, Traill 412 (K); a shrub with white flowers.

Psychotria Duckei, sp. nov. — Frutex 1-1.5 m. altus ramosus

omnino glaber, ramis gracillimis flexuosis teretibus, novellis in

sicco fuscis, vetustioribus ochraceis; stipulae persistentes, vagina

brevissima, Ipbis lineari-attenuatis 6-7 mm. longis rigidis erectis;

folia inter minpria breviter petiolata opposita crasse membranacea

vel fere subcoriacea, petiolo vix 2 mm. longo; lamina lineari-lanceo-

lata 6-9 cm. longa 6-12 mm. lata longissime anguste attenuata

basi subobtusa vel longe attenuata, supra in sicco fusco-olivacea

costa elevata nervis obsoletis, subtus pallida flavescens costa gracili

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 237

elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 10 prominulis angulo

angusto adscendentibus, nervulis prominulis laxe reticulatis; inflo-

rescentia terminalis erecta cymoso-corymbosa sessilis et basi tricho-

toma vel pedunculata 2.5-6 cm. longa laxe multiflora, ramis

brevibus vel elongatis, floribus sessilibus, bracteis basilaribus vel pro

parte suprabasilaribus persistentibus lanceolatis vel oblongis acutis

3-5 mm. longis; fructus depresso-globosus 4-5 mm. latus; calyx

subtruncatus. — Brazil: Sao Luiz do Maranhao ad urbem loco Anil

silva secundaria, June 4, 1907, A. Ducke 23102 (herb. Berol., type;

fragm. in herb. Field Mus.).

An ally of the widely distributed Psychotria capitata Ruiz &

Pavon, but immediately distinguishable from all forms of that

species by the remarkably narrow leaves, whose form is approached

by few species in the genus.

Psychotria educta, sp. npv. — Frutex 3-metralis, ramulis

crassiusculis in sicco subcompressis fuscis glabris, internodiis brevi-

bus; stipulae deciduae latissime ovatae vel ellipticae 2-2.5 cm. longae

acutae vel acuminatae crassae fuscae sparse ferrugineo-villosulae

petiolis aequales vel longiores; folia magna brevissime petiolata

opposita chartacea, petiolo crasso 1-1.5 cm. longo interdum fere

ad basin marginato; lamina oblanceolata, oblongo-oblanceolata vel

rhombico-oblanceolata 23-33 cm. longa 7-10 cm. lata longe sensim

acuminata, acumine attenuate acuto, basin versus longe sensim

attenuata, supra in sicco cinereo-viridescens, glabra vel ad costam

obscure minute puberula, costa venisque non elevatis, subtus ferru-

ginea, primp sparse ferrugineo-villosula vel puberula, serius glabrata,

costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 16 gracilibus

prominentibus valde obliquis angulo semirecto vel saepe multo

latiore adscendentibus plus minusye arcuatis prope marginem con-

junctis nervulis obscuris laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis

3 cm. longe pedunculata laxe paniculate magna (perfecta non visa),

ramis gracilibus plerumque verticillatis patentibus vel subreflexis

ferrugineis sparse puberulis vel glabratis basi bracteatis, bracteis

deciduis triangularibus acuminatis puberulis vel villosulis 1-3 mm.

longis patentibus, floribus ad apices ramulprum umbellato-congestis,

pedicellis crassiusculis minutissime puberulis vel glabratis plerumque

1-2 mm. longis; hypanthium obconicum 1 mm. longum obscure

sparse villosulum vel glabratum, calyce late campanulato 1.2 mm.

longo truncate remote et minute repando-denticulato; corolla

ochroleuca extus glabra in alabastro apice obtusa 2.5 mm. longa,

tubo obconico fauce non barbato, lobis 5 recurvis triangularibus

acutis intus glabris; antherae lineari-oblongae 1.5 mm. longae sub-

exsertae. — Peru: In upland forest at edge of stream, mouth of the

Rio Santiago, upper Rio Maranon, alt. 160 meters, September,

1924, G. Tessmann 4057 (herb. Berol., type).

Similar to the more northern Psychotria grandis Swartz, es-

pecially in the form of the stipules, but differing in the shape of

the leaves and in calyx characters.

238 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. XI

Psychotria Ernesti Krause, Verb. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 50: 109.

1908.

The species, described from Brazil, has been known only from

the type collection, but it may be reported now from Peru and

Colombia. The following specimens have been examined:

Brazil : Marary Jurua, State of Amazonas, September, 1900, Ule

5136; photo, and fragm. of the type, from herb. Berol. — Peru:

Fortaleza, Yurimaguas, Dept. Loreto, 155-210 meters, a shrub in

forest, Williams 4%4%, 4341- — Colombia: Umbria, Comisaria del

Putumayo, 325 meters, in forest, King 1715.

Psychotria flavens, nom. nov. Mapouria xanthophylla Muell.

Arg. Flora 59: 496. 1876, non P. xanthophylla Muell. Arg. 1881.

Psychotria fulgens Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 5:

257. 1881.

Brazil: Prov. Espirito Santo, 1816-21, Auguste de Saint- Hilaire

333 (herb. Paris).

Psychotria Hartwegiana Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 7: 95. 1930.

Colombia: Forets du versant du Tolima, Prov. Mariquita, 1,200-

1,500 toises, January, 1843, Linden 961 (herb. Paris); flowers orange.

Prov. Barbacoas, 1,200 meters, Triana 1678 (P). El Gallego,

Cordillera de Quindio, Prov. Mariquita, 2,660 meters, Triana 1677

(P). El Palmar, Quindio, Goudot (P); flowers orange.

Psychotria hospitalis Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 199. 1930.

The specimen cited here agrees fairly well with the type, which

was collected in the Department of Loreto, Peru. The species is

an addition to the known flora of Colombia. Colombia: Umbria,

Comisaria del Putumayo, 325 meters, in forest, Klug 1842.

Psychotria insolens, sp. nov. — Ramuli crassi, vetustioribus

cortice crasso suberoso ochraceo obtuse tuberculato obtectis, novellis

fuscis sparse puberulis et pilosulis, internodiis brevibus; stipulae

breviter connatae bipartitae, Ipbis rotundato-ovatis incrassatis et

serius suberosis, apice abrupte in aristam 5-6 mm. longam rigidam

contractae; folia breviter petiolata majuscula opposita subcoriacea,

petiolo gracili 1-2.5 cm. longo sparse minutissime puberulo vel

glabrato; lamina oblonga vel elliptico-oblonga 11.5-21 cm. longa

4-7 cm. lata acuta vel subobtusa basi acuta, supra in sicco fusca,

glabra, costa venisque prominentibus, subtus fere concplor, minutis-

sime pallido-puncticulata, praesertim ad venas ferrugineo-puberula

vel glabrata, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

c. 20 gracilibus prominentibus angulo latiusculo adscendentibus

subarcuatis in marginem desinentibus, nervulis prominulis laxe

reticulatis; inflprescentia terminalis corymbiformis 8-9 cm. Ipnge

pedunculata trichotoma c. 3.5 cm. longa et 6 cm. lata conspicue

bracteata, bracteis basi ramorum sitis, basilaribus 2 anguste spath-

ulatis obtusis 2 cm. longis, superioribus spathulatis 1-1.5 cm. longis

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 239

obtusis fuscis minute puberulis venosis basin versus attenuates sub-

sessilibus, floribus cymosis sessilibus vel breviter crasse pedicellatis

interdum secundis, cymulis in capitula 3 composita obscure lobata

congestis; hypanthium obovoideum 1.7 mm. longum minutissime

puberulum; calyx late infundibulifqrmis 6-8 mm. longus sparse

minute puberulus conspicue venosus in sicco fuscus, tubo 2.5-3 mm.

lato in limbum 6-7 mm. latum brevissime inaequaliter 5-lobum

expanse, lobis late rqtundatis; cetera ignota. — Brazil: Engenheiro

Reeve, State of Espirito Santo, alt. 500 meters, February 22, 1903,

A. Robert (herb. Kew., type).

This remarkable Psychotria seems to be referable to Mueller's

section Solenocalyx, which is characterized by a large corolloid calyx.

P. insolens does not resemble closely any of the species previously

referred to that group. In general appearance it is suggestive of

some species of Cephaelis, but no member of that genus is known

to have such a calyx as that of the plant here described.

Psychotria jasminoides Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 211. 1930.

In the Kew herbarium the species is represented by two specimens,

either of which may be the type collection.

Brazil: Engenheiro Reeve, Espirito Santo, 500 meters, February

"30," 1903, A. Robert; February 18, 1903, Robert.

Psychotria Kuhlmannii, sp. nov. — Frutex inflorescentiis ex-

ceptis omnino glaber, ramulis crassiusculis teretibus, vetustioribus

cinereis, novellis subcompressis fuscis, internodiis brevibus; stipulae

caducae, non yisae, ut videtur ac'utae vel acuminatae; folia parva

brevissime petiolata opposita coriacea, petiolo crassiusculo 3-4 mm.

longo; lamina anguste oblanceolato-oblonga 4.5-7.5 cm. longa 1.2-2

cm. lata acuta vel subqbtusa basin versus longe sensim attenuata,

basi ipsa acuta, supra in sicco fusca, valde lucida, costa yenisque

prominulis, subtus fusco-brunnescens, sublucida, costa gracili elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 16 gracillimis prominulis angulo

latiusculo adscendentibus obliquis subarcuatis prope marginem con-

junctis, nervulis obscuris subimpressis; inflorescentia terminalis

cymoso-corymbosa erecta 2-3 cm. longe pedunculata c. 2.5 cm.

longa et aequilata dense multiflora trichotoma, ramis basilaribus

suberectis crassiusculis subacute angulatis sparse obscure puberulis

vel glabratis, bracteis ad basin ramulprum sitis oyato-triangularibus

1-2 mm. longis persistentibus acutis ciliolatis, floribus arete sessilibus

dense capitellato-congestis; hypanthium obovoideum glabrum 0.7

mm. longum, calyce aequilongo late campanulato obscure repando-

denticulato; corolla alba 2.5 mm. longa extus sparse minutissime

puberula vel glabrata in alabastro apice late obtusa, tubo obconico

crassq in fauce dense albo-barbatq, lobis 5 triangulari-oblongis

obtusis patentibus tubo aequilongis intus glabratis; antherae semi-

exsertae; stylus exsertus. — Brazil: Rio Arinos, Matto Grosso, edge

of river, December, 1914, J. G. Kuhlmann 1449- K (herb. Berol.,

type).

240 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

Referable to the subgenus Mapouria. Distinguished by the

elongate, narrow, strongly coriaceous, and strikingly lustrous leaves.

Psychotria lancigera, sp. nov. — Frutex, ramis crassiusculis

pallidis glabris in sicco striatis angulo recto divergentibus, inter-

nodiis elongatis; stipulae in vaginam latam truncatam pallidam

glabram 1-1.5 mm. longam connatae, vagina lobis 4 vix 1 mm.

longis subulatis erectis onusta; folia brevissime petiolata vel sub-

sessilia parva coriacea opposite, petiolo crasso usque ad 2 mm.

longo; lamina oblongo-lanceolata 4.5-5.5 cm. longa 1.3-1.8 cm. lata

longissime sensim attenuate-acuminate, basi late rotundata vel

breviter cordate, marginibus conspicue incrassatis latis pallidis,

supra glabra griseo-viridis costa subdepressa, venis prominulis, plus

minusye lucida, subtus pallida, costa crassiuscula elevate, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere 8-10 elevatis fere rectis angulo semirecto

adscendentibus in marginem desinentibus, venulis prominulis laxe

reticulatis, ubique minutissime pruinoso-puberula; inflorescentia

terminalis 10-14 mm. longe pedunculate erecta cymoso-umbellata

densissime multiflora c. 1.5 cm. longa et 2 cm. lata basi bracteis 4

ovatis 3-4 mm. longis abrupte acuminatis minute puberulis fulcrata,

pedunculo minute puberulo, ramis primariis paucis crassis rubellis

puberulis adscendentibus, ramis secondariis brevissimis basi bracte-

atis, bracteis lanceolatis vel ovatis acuminatis brevibus persisten-

tibus, floribus sessilibus; hypanthium 0.7 mm. longum crasse colum-

nare puberulum, calyce aequilongo profunde lobato, lobis late ovatis

vel triangularibus acutis vel acuminatis extus minute puberulis;

corolla extus dense puberula in alabastro apice late rotundata vel

subdepressa evoluta 7 mm. longa, tubo insuper paullo dilatato, lobis

c. 1.8 mm. longis late oblongis obtusis subpatentibus. — Venezuela:

Amazonas Territory, Cerro Yapacana, upper Rio Orinoco, alt. 100

meters, April, 1931, E. G. Holt & E. R. Blake 752 (U. S. Nat.

Herb. No. 1,517,562, type).

The affinities of this species are not obvious. The plant is

well marked by its handsome, narrow, elongate, coriaceous leaves

with rounded or shallowly cordate base. The nerves run directly

into the broad cartilaginous margin.

Psychotria lepida, sp. nov. — Arbor 6-metralis, trunco 4-5 cm.

diam. praeter inflorescentiam omnino glabra, ramulis in sicco com-

pressis gracilibus pallide brunnescentibus, internodiis elongatis;

vagina stipularis 1.5 mm. tantum longa truncate, lobis utroque

latere 2 brevissimis obtusis c. 1.5 mm. longis; folia magna petiolata

firme membranacea, petiolo 1.5-3 cm. longo; lamina oblongo-ellip-

tica 19-27 cm. longa 7-11.5 cm. lata breviter sensim acuminate,

basi acuta et abrupte contracta, supra in sicco subviridis costa

elevate, nervis prominentibus, subtus fere concolor, costa gracili

valde elevate, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 21 gracillimis

prominentibus angulo lato adscendentibus arcuatis prope marginem

conjunctis, nervulis transversis subparallelis laxe reticulatis; in-

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 241

florescentia terminalis (perfecta non visa) erecta pedunculata dense

cymoso-paniculata c. 3.5 cm. longa et 5.5 cm. lata multiflora basi

trichotoma, ramis primariis infimis adscendentibus 1 cm. longis vel

paullo ultra puberulis, ramis omnibus basi bracteatis, bracteis

ellipticis vel obovatis plerumque lfr-15 mm. longis fere glabris

minutissime ciliolatis obtusis vel acutiusculis in sicco pallidis, flori-

bus sessilibus; hypanthium late columnare 1 mm. longum glabrum,

calyce campanulato 1.5 mm. longo glabro breviter acute dentato;

corolla extus glabra, tubo gracili supra yix dilatato 9 mm. longo,

lobis luteis anguste oblongis duplo brevioribus; stylus exsertus.—

Peru: Mouth of Rio Santiago, upper Rio Maranon, alt. 160 meters,

in upland forest, September 18, 1924, G. Tessmann 4073 (herb.

Beroj., type). In the same general region, but without definite

locality, Tessmann 3952 (herb. Berol.).

A species of no particularly obvious relationships, somewhat

suggestive of P. lupulina Benth. Outstanding in its large many-

nerved leaves, and in the showy inflorescence with numerous large,

brightly colored bracts.

Psychotria limonensis Krause, Bot. Jahrb. 54: Beibl. 119:

43. 1916.

Colombia: Villavicencio, Prov. Bogota, 450 meters, 1851-57,

Triana 1698 (herb. Paris). Ibague", 1844, Goudot (P).

Psychotria Lindenii Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 71. 1930.

The species was based upon Linden 1419, labeled as coming

from Colombia, but believed by the writer at the time of description

to have been collected perhaps in Venezuela. That the species

really does occur in Colombia is attested by the following specimen :

Colombia: Prov. Antioquia, 1851-57, J. Triana 1724 (herb. Paris).

Psychotria longipes Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 5:

354. 1881.

Brazil: Rio de Janeiro, Glaziou 4995 (herb. Stockholm). Prov.

Rio de Janeiro, Vauthier 57 (herb. Paris). Villa Velha, Parana,

in silva primaeva, Dusen 14835. Ponta Grossa, Parana, in silvula,

880 meters, Dusen 11625. Carvalho, Parana, September 13, 1911,

Dusen (S); Dusen 13323 (S). Villa Velha, Parana, G. Jdnssan

221 a (S).

Psychotria pachyneura Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt.

5: 359. 1881.

Brazil: "Environs de Rio Janeiro et d'Ouro Preto," Glaziou 14901

(herb. Kew.). Minas Geraes, in 1840, P. Claussen (K).

Psychotria luxurians Rusby, Mem. Torrey Club 6: 50. 1896.

The species has been known heretofore from Ecuador and

Bolivia. It may be reported now from Colombia: Las Pavas,

Monte Quindio, 1,700 meters, 1851-57, J. Triana 1683 (herb. Paris).

242 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

Psychotria myriantha Muell. Arg. Flora 59: 549. 1876.

Brazil: Estado de Rio de Janeiro, Vie 4912 (herb. Berol.). Rio

de Janeiro, WilkesExped. (U. S. Nat. Herb.). Campinas, Sao Paulo,

Campos Novaes 1445 (B). Prov. Rio de Janeiro, Saint- Hilaire 8

(herb. Paris). Rio de Janeiro, Gardner 5489 (herb. Kew.).

Psychotria nautensis, sp. nov. — Arbor 5.5 m. alta sub-

ramosa, ramulis crassiusculis fuscis obtuse tetragonis glabris; stip-

ulae persistentes suberectae 5-6 mm. longae glabratae profunde

bifidae, lobis semiovatis acutis; folia magna breviter petiolata

opposita subcoriacea, petiolo gracili 1-2.5 cm. longo minute puberulo

vel glabrato; lamina anguste oblanceolato-oblonga 18-28 cm. longa

6-7 cm. lata sensim longiuscule acuminate vel interdum subrotun-

data et abrupte breviacuminata, acumine obtusiusculo, basin versus

longissime sensim attenuate, supra in sicco fusca, glabra, costa

venisque non elevatis, subtus pallidior, brunnescens, costa gracili

elevate, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 13 gracillimis prominenti-

bus angulo latiusculo interdum fere recto abeuntibus subarcuatis

juxta marginem conjunctis, nervulis vix prominulis laxe reticulatis;

inflorescentia terminalis vix 1 cm. longe pedunculate cymoso-

paniculata laxissime diffuse ramosa 15-20 cm. longa et aequilate,

repetite ramosa, ramis gracilibus basi bracteatis patentibus vel

saepius reflexis dense minute pilis patentibus fulvis sordidis pilosulis,

bracteis lanceolatis vel oblongis plerumque 3-5 mm. longis acutis

vel obtusis concavis minute pilosulis, floribus arete sessilibus ad apices

ramulorum et in dichotomiis subcapitatis bracteatis, bracteis ellip-

ticis obtusis 2-3 mm. longis obtusis; hypanthium cum calyce c.

2 mm. longum minute patenti-pilosulum, calyce late campanulato

truncate; corolla alba in alabastro 6-7 mm. longa obtusa crassius-

cula densissime pilis brevibus ochraceis patentibus villosula; antherae

5 linearia. — Peru: Nauta, near the mouth of the Rio Ucayali, in

silvis recentioribus, April, 1855, R. Spruce 3863 (herb. Kew., type).

A species of distinctive and unusual appearance, especially

because of the large, diffuse panicles, and the unusual arrange-

ment of the flowers; probably related to Psychotria Franquevilleana

Muell. Arg.

Psychotria necopinata, sp. nov. — Omnino glabra, ramulis

crassis teretibus fuscis laevibus, internodiis elongatis; stipulae erectae

persistentes in vaginam ut videtur subtruncatam (an breviter

lobatam?) incrassatam cpnnatae; folia magna breviter petiolata

opposite subcoriacea, petiolo crassiusculo 0.4-2 cm. longo; lamina

oblonga vel anguste oblonga 15-27 cm. longa 5-6 cm. lata longius-

cule acuminata, acumine angusto attenuate, basi acute, supra in

sicco flavescenti-olivacea, costa venisque ut quoque nervulis promi-

nentibus, lucida, subtus concolor, costa crassiuscula elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere c. 23, aliis 2-3 fere aequalibus parallelis

inter paria interpositis, prominentibus, gracilibus, angulo recto

abeuntibus rectis, in marginem desinentibus, nervulis prominulis

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 243

arete reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis 6 cm. longe pedunculata

erecta c. 2.5 cm. longa et 4.5 cm. lata, e capitulis 3 brevissime

pedunculatis composite, capitulis lateralibus reflexis, basi bracteatis,

bracteis liberis, exterioribus 2-2.5 cm. longis 4-5 mm. latis lineari-

oblongis concayis longe attenuatis ut videtur rubellis yel purpureis

basi subsaccatis, interioribus breyioribus sed conformibus, floribus

numerosis dense capitato-congestis sessilibus; hypanthium 0.6 mm.

longum, calyce late campanulato 1.5-2 mm. longo truncate vel

undulato; corolla juvenilis 6-7 mm. longa in alabastro attenuata et

apice minute 5-tuberculata; cetera ignota. — Brazil: Cucuhy, Rio

Negro, State of Amazonas, alt. 120 meters, February, 1930, E. G.

Holt & W. Gehriger 386 (herb. Field Mus. No. 625,063, type).

Rio Negro, " H erb. Lusit." (herb. Paris).

A plant of striking appearance, probably a relative of Psychotria

pacimonica Muell. Arg. P. necopinata is unusual in its large, shining,

closely veined leaves, and in the large, elongate bracts of the flower

heads.

Psychotria nitidula C. & S. Linnaea 4: 25. 1829.

Brazil: Rio de Janeiro, Glaziou 18297 (herb. Berol., herb. Kew.).

Theresopolis, Serra dos Orgaos, Prov. Rio de Janeiro, February,

1888, J. T. de Moura 205 (B). Prov. Rio de Janeiro, Saint- Hilaire

17 (herb. Paris). Rio de Janeiro, Fra Leandro de Sacramento (P).

Rio de Janeiro, Miers 3696 (K, P). Near Rio de Janeiro, February,

1824, Gaudichaud (P). Canoas prope Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do

Sul, in silvula umbrosa, Malme 1475 (herb. Stockholm); a shrub

1.7 meters high; fruit handsome blue.

Psychotria nudiceps Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 378. 1931.

Described from eastern Peru, this species may be reported now

also from adjacent Brazil: Seringal S. Francisco, Rio Acre, October,

1911, E. Ule 9843 (herb. Kew.); a shrub 1-5 meters high; flowers

yellowish white.

Psychotria obfuscata Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 5:

377. 1881.

The only specimen cited by Mueller is the type, Sello 5799,

which is represented in the herbarium of Field Museum by a photo-

graph and fragment, received from the Berlin Botanical Garden.

The following collections apparently represent the same species:

Brazil: Santos, in 1875, Mosen 3415 (herb. Stockholm). Prov.

Sao Paulo, Gaudichaud 541 (herb. Paris). Near Santos, Sao Paulo,

Jard. Bot, Rio de Jan. 1699 (herb. Berol.).

Psychotria opima, sp. nov. — Frutex metralis rampsus, ramulis

gracilibus teretibus fusco-ferrugineis glabris, internodiis elongatis;

stipulae persistentes in vaginam brevissimam connatae, vagina in

lacinias 4 setiformes erectas glabras remotas 7 mm. longas desinente;

244 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

folia magna breviter petiolata opposita membranacea, petiolo gracili

glabro 1-2 cm. longo; lamina oblongo-elliptica usque ad late elliptica

16-25 cm. longa 8-12 cm. lata subabrupte longiacuminata, acumine

triangulari acutissime attenuate, basi obtusa vel subrotundata et

abrupte contracta atque breviter decurrens, supra in sicco fusca,

sublucida, costa yenisque prominulis, subtus fere concolor, sub-

lucida, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 12

gracilibus prominentibus remotis angulo latiusculo abeuntibus sub-

arcuatis obliquis marginem attingentibus, nervulis transversis crebre

parallelis undulatis vel interdum geniculatis prominulis; inflores-

centia terminalis foliis multo brevior paniculata erecta 5 cm. longe

pedunculata c. 10 cm. longa et 7 cm. lata laxiuscule multiflora,

basi trichotoma, ramis superioribus oppositis vel alternis sparsis

gracilibus dense puberulis, floribus sessilibus in cymulas parvas

paucifloras dispositis, bracteis ad basin ramulorum sitis minutis;

hypanthium cum calyce 1 mm. longum sparse puberulum vel gla-

bratum, calyce patente obsolete repando-denticulato; corolla lutes-

cens extus puberula in alabastro apice minute 5-cornuta, tubo

cylindraceo 4 mm. longo supra vix dilatato fauce non barbato,

lobis 5 oblongis obtusis patentibus intus glabratis tubo duplo brevi-

oribus; antherae oblongo-lineares longe exsertae fere 2 mm. longae;

stylus inclusus. — Peru: Lower Rio Napo, in inundated forest, alt.

100 meters, August 1, 1924, G. Tessmann 3710 (herb. Berol., type).

In general appearance the plant somewhat resembles Psychotria

myriantha Muell. Arg., a species of southern Brazil.

Psychotria pandensis, sp. nov. — Omnino glabra, ramulis sub-

gracilibus subteretibus in sicco plus minusve purpurascentibus,

internodiis elongatis; stipulae persistentes erectae in yaginam trun-

catam incrassatam 3-4 mm. longam connatae, vagina in lobos 4

triangulari-ovatos obtusos 3 mm. longos desinente; folia magna

petiolata opposita subcoriacea oblongo-elliptica 16^-23 cm. longa

7-10 cm. lata apice acuta et abrupte caudato-acuminata, acumine

fere lineari longe attenuate 2 cm. longo, basi acuta et interdum

obliqua, supra in sicco yiridescens, lucida, costa venisque promi-

nentibus, subtus vix pallidior, costa gracili elevata purpurascente,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 17 gracilibus prominentibus

angulo recto divergentibus leviter curvis prope marginem conjunctis,

nervulis prominulis laxissime reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis

erecta 6 cm. longe pedunculata capituliformi-contracta dense multi-

flora breviter lobata basi trichotoma, ramis primariis 5-10 mm.

longis crassis basi vel paullo supra basin bracteatis, bracteis omnibus

linearibus vel lanceolato-linearibus purpurascentibus plerumque 1-

1.5 cm. longis, interdum longioribus, attenuatis obscure ciliolatis

persistentibus, floribus dense congestis sessilibus bracteatis; bacca

didyma basi et apice profunde constricta, c. 7 mm. lata et 5 mm.

alta, pyrenis dorso late rotundatis laevibus; calyx (perfectus non

visus) minutus ad apicem baccae persistens; cetera ignota. — Colom-

bia: Fusagasuga and Pandi, Prov. Bogota, alt. 2,000 meters, 1851-57,

J. Triana 1709 (herb. Paris, type).

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 245

Because of the form of its fruit, the plant is clearly related to

Psychotria cuspid ata Bredem., but the inflorescences are altogether

different in the two species.

Psychotria paracatuensis, nom. nov. Mapouria corymbifera

Muell. Arg. Flora 58: 458. 1876, non Psychotria corymbifera Muell.

Arg. 1881.

Psychotria paraguariensis Chod. & Hassl. Bull. Herb. Boiss.

II. 4: 177. 1904.

Paraguay: Between Rio Apo and Rio Aquidaban, edge of forest,

Fiebrig 4320 (herb. Paris); a shrub 2 meters high; flowers white.

Cplonia Presidente Gonzalez, in silva primaeva, August, 1893,

Lindman A.1763 (herb. Stockholm); a very slender shrub 1-2

meters high.

Psychotria patentinervia Muell. Arg. Flora 59: 543. 1876.

Brazil: Rio de Janeiro, Widgren 684 (herb. Stockholm). With-

out locality, Widgren 1230 (S). Sororocaba, Prov. Sao Paulo, in

ripa umbrosa rivuli silva primaeva, February, 1875, Mosen 3411

(S); December, 1874, Mosen 2876 (S). Corcovado, Prov. Rio de

Janeiro, February, 1895, Ule 3806 (herb. Berol.). Cubatao, Sao

Paulo, March, 1923, August Gehrt 8225 (B). Without locality,

Burchell 3644 (herb. Kew.), 2550 (K).

Psychotria phaneroplexa, sp. nov. — Fruticulus omnino glaber,

ramis crassiusculis dense foliatis fusco-brunneis subteretibus; vagina

stipularis incrassata vix 1 mm. longa, lobis brevissimis dentiformibus;

folia parva subsessilia crasse coriacea, petiolo vix 1 mm. Ipngo;

lamina forma variabilis oblonga lanceolato-oblonga vel rarius elliptica

vel elliptico-obovata 1.5-5 cm. longa 1.3-2 cm. lata acuta vel rotun-

data et mucronata, basi late rotundata vel anguste subcordata, supra

sublucida olivacea costa nervisque valde elevatis, subtus flavescens

pallidior, cpsta valde elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 15

approximatis elevatis angulo semirecto vel latiore adscendentibus

marginem attingentibus et in nervum marginale conjunctis, nervulis

prominulis arete reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis breviter pedun-

culata capitiformis densissime multiflora, ramis brevissimis, bracteis

ut videtur viridibus ellipticis vel lanceolato-ellipticis acutis 4-5 mm.

longis coriaceis conspicue elevatp-nervosis, floribus arete sessilibus;

hypanthium glabrum late obconicum, sepalis fere distinctis anguste

triangularibus acutiusculis erectis 0.8 mm. longis; corolla alba in

alabastro 2.5 mm. longa extus glabra apice late rotundata. — Brazil:

Campina do Perdido prope Bella Vista, Rio Tapajoz, civ. Para,

December 6, 1915, A. Ducke 23114 (herb. Berol., type).

Referable to the group Inundatae, as treated by Mueller in the

Flora Brasiliensis. Noteworthy for the small, leathery, conspicu-

ously nerved leaves, broad or shallowly cordate at the base and

merely acute to rounded and mucronate at the apex; also for the

indurate and conspicuously veined bracts of the inflorescence.

246 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

Psychotria phoeniciana Standl. Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 16:

17. 1926.

Of this species, known heretofore only from the type, which

was collected in Chiapas, several additional collections have come

to hand recently:

Mexico: Teotalcingo, June, 1842, Liebmann 9 (herb. Kew.). Pet-

lapa, June, 1842, Liebmann 8 (K), 9 (K). Without locality, Liebmann

10 (K).. Tanetze, August, 1842, Liebmann 82 (K). Cordillera of

Oaxaca, 1,950 meters, August, 1840, Galeotti 2602 (K) ; flowers white.

Psychotria pluriceps, sp. nov. — Frutex omnino glaber, ramulis

gracilibus rectis subteretibus olivaceis, internodiis valde elongatis;

stipulae erectae persistentes viridescentes in vaginam 1 mm. longam

connatae, vagina in lobos 4 remotos anguste triangulari-oblongos

acutos desinente; folia majuscula breviter petiolata opposita mem-

branacea, petiolo gracili c. 1 cm. longo; lamina ovato-oblonga vel

elliptico-oblonga 15-23 cm. longa 6-8.5 cm. lata subabrupte caudato-

acuminata, acumine late lineari longe attenuate, basi acuta vel

subabrupte contracta et breviter cuneato-decurrens, supra in sicco

olivacea, sublucida, costa venisque prominentibus, subtus fere con-

color, costa gracili eleyata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c.

14 gracillimis prominentibus pallidis angulo fere recto divergentibus

subarcuatis prope marginem conjunctis, nervulis pro parte horizon-

talibus et nervis parallelis prominulis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia

parva terminalis capitellato-paniculata erecta 7 mm. longe pedun-

culata c. 2 cm. longa et 3 cm. lata, ramis paucis, basilaribus radiatim

verticillatis patentibus vel subreflexis gracilibus rectis olivaceis,

floribus arete sessilibus in capitula 4-6 mm. lata dense pauciflora

plerumque pedunculata dispositis, ramulis basi bracteatis, bracteis

viridibus patentibus oblongo-triangularibus persistentibus acumi-

natis; hypanthium late obconicum 1 mm. longum, calyce late cam-

panulato 0.8 mm. longo truncate et remote denticulate; corolla

extus glabra in alabastro apice rotundata 2.5 mm. longa, tubo late

obconico in fauce dense albo-barbato, lobis 5 patentibus late ovato-

triangularibus obtusis intus glabris; antherae exsertae oblongae

0.7 mm. longae obtusae; stylus inclusus. — Peru: San Ramon, Yuri-

maguas, Dept. Loreto, in forest, November 4, 1929, Llewelyn Williams

^573 (herb. Field Mus. No. 623,451, type).

Similar in foliage characters as well as in the flowers to Psychotria

nudiceps Standl., of the same general region, but in that the flower

heads are not paniculate but rather on simple peduncles.

Psychotria plusiantha, sp. nov. — Ramuli crassi sparse minute

adpresso-pilosuli vel fere glabri subteretes; stipulae persistentes

erectae 7-8 mm. longae extus sparse minute adpresso-pilosulae ad

medium bilobae, lobis oblongo-ovatis obtusis vel acutiusculis approxi-

matis; folia breviter petiolata opposita majuscula crasse mem-

branacea, petiolo 7-12 mm. longo crassiusculo puberulo vel glabrato;

lamina late obovato-oblonga 16-21 cm. longa 6-7 cm. lata apice

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 247

abrupte cuspidato-acuminata, acumine angusto attenuate 1-1.5 cm.

longo, basin versus longiuscule sensim attenuata, supra in sicco

fusca, glabra yel tantum ad venas minute sparse puberula, costa

venisque prominentibus, subtus fusco-purpurascens, ad venas sparse

minutissime adpresso-pilosula vel fere glabra, costa gracili elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 14 gracillimis prominentibus

angulo latiusculo adscendentibus obliquis arcuatis in marginem

desinentibus, nervulo elongate parallelo inter paria nervorum inter-

posito, neryulis transyersis paucis pbscuris laxissime reticulatis;

inflorescentia terminalis capituliformis e cymis reductis densissime

multifloris composita, 3 cm. longa et 5 cm. lata, pedunculo crasso

1.5 cm. longo erecto dense minute sericeo, floribus sessilibus, bracteis

inferioribus brevibus oblongis, interioribus brevibus et inconspicuis;

hypanthium obconicum glabrum 1.5-2 mm. longum; calyx glaber

fere ad basin 5-fidus, laciniis late linearibus attenuatis suberectis

crassis 8-10 mm. longis; corolla infundibuliformis in alabastro

apice obtusa extus dense sordido-puberula, tubo gracili 14 mm.

longo fauce subabrupte dilatato intus non barbato, lobis 5 anguste

oblongis attenuatis obtusis patentibus intus minutissime puberulis;

antherae breviter exsertae subrecurvae lineares 3 mm. longae;

stylus inclusus. — Colombia: Provincias de Choco y Barbacoas, alt.

100 meters, 1851-57, J. Triana 1711 (herb. Paris, type); May, 1853,

Triana 3147(38} (P).

The plant is a difficult one to place generically and when better

material is obtained it may be necessary to remove it from Psycho-

tria, perhaps to Cephaelis.

Psychotria quindiensis, sp. nov. — Ramuli crassi glabri;

stipulae persistentes in vaginam arete adpressam glabram truncatam

7 mm. longam connatae, vagina in lobos 4 erectos lineari-attenuatos

1 cm. longos desinente; folia maxima petiolata opposita membranacea,

petiolo 3 cm. longo glabro; lamina oblongo-elliptica c. 32 cm. longa

et 13 cm. lata basi et apice acuta, supra in sicco viridescens, glabra,

costa venisque prominulis, subtus paullo pallidior, sparse minutissime

adpresso-pilosula, ad costam pilis paullo longioribus albidis pilosa,

costa gracili elevata rubescente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

c. 18 gracillimis prominentibus angulo fere recto adscendentibus

obliquis arcuatis juxta marginem conjunctis, nervulis prominentibus

laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis erecta cymoso-paniculata

c. 19 cm. longa et aequilata, pedunculo 7 cm. longo tetragono sparse

puberulo yel glabrato, basi trichotoma, ramis basilaribus valde

adscendentibus, superioribus compressis adscendentibus pallide

sericeis basi bracteatis, floribus sessilibus in capitula pauciflora

densa cymose diposita confertis, bracteis inferioribus oblongo-

obovatis 1-1.5 cm. longis convolutis obtusis usque ad breviter

acuminatis suberectis extus dense sericeis intus ferrugineis glabris,

bracteis capitulorum c. 1 mm. longis aequilatis adpressis, intimis

brevioribus; hypanthium obpyramidatum dense sericeum fere 2 mm.

longum; calyx 5-partitus, laciniis 2 mm. longis anguste triangularibus

248 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

acutis yel acuminatis extus dense fulvo-sericeis erectis inaequalibus;

corolla in alabastro apice obtusa extus densissime pilis fulvis yilloso-

pilosa 12 mm. longa, tubo supra paullo dilatato, lobis brevibus. —

Colombia: La Trocha, Quindio, Prov. Cauca, alt. 2,300 meters,

1851-57, J. Triana 1710 (herb. Paris, type).

This is one of the rather numerous plants which might be referred

almost equally well to either Psychotria or Cephaelis. Among the

Colombian Psychotrias it is noteworthy for its very large leaves

and for the ample, openly branched inflorescence with capitate-

congested flowers and exceptionally large, conspicuous, persistent

bracts.

Psychotria racemifera Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 71. 1930.

The species was described from Venezuela. Apparently it has

a wide range, as indicated by the following collections:

Peru: Timbuchi on the Rio Nanay, Loreto, a shrub in forest,

June, 1929, Williams 952.— Brazil: Manaos, July, 1900, Ule 5121

(herb. Berol., herb. Kew.); a shrub 1 meter high or less; fruit blue.

Jaru, Rio Branco, Amazonas, February, 1913, Kuhlmann 2976 (B) ;

vernacular name, "herya de rato." Faro, State of Para, silva ad

rivulum Maburiny, locis humidis, January, 1920, Ducke 15353 (B);

flowers white.

Psychotria rigescens, sp. nov. — Suffrutex 50 cm. altus ramosus,

ramis rigidis subteretibus, novellis minutissime puberulis, internodiis

brevibus vel elongatis; vagina stipularis indurata 1.5-2 mm. longa,

parte libera bilobata, lobis brevissimis obtusis; folia parva rigida

subcoriacea breviter petiolata, petiolo glabro 2-3 mm. longo; lamina

late elliptica vel rotundato-ovata 3.5-5.5 cm. longa 2-3.5 cm. lata

subabrupte breviter obtuso-acuminata, basi obtusa vel saepius

late rotundata et abrupte breviter cpntracta, glabra, in sicco olivaceo-

viridis, supra sublucida costa venisque yalde elevatis, subtus fere

concolor opaca, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

c. 7 angulo lato adscendentibus valde arcuatis gracilibus promi-

nentibus, nervulis prominentibus arete reticulatis; inflorescentia

terminalis parva erecta 10-14 mm. longe pedunculata e cymis 5

racemose dispositis parvis paucifloris composita c. 1 cm. longa et

2 cm. lata, pedunculo minutissime puberulo, cymarum pedunculis

rigidis usque ad 6 mm. longis late divaricatis basi incrassatis ebracte-

atis, floribus arete sessilibus, bracteis obsoletis; hypanthium late

columnare 0.7 mm. longum minutissime puberulum, calyce vix

0.3 mm. longo obsolete denticulate; corolla alba in alabastro obo-

voidea puberula apice obtusa vel subrotundata 2.5^-3 mm. longa,

lobis tubo longioribus. — Brazil: Rio Trombetas, civ. Para, locis

altis circa cataractam Porteira in fruticetis "campina-rana" dictis,

January 10, 1927, A. Ducke 23062 (herb. Berol., type). Campina

do Jufiry prope lacum Faro, civ. Para, February 12, 1910, A. Ducke

23031 (B).

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 249

The plant here described would have been referred by Mueller

in the Flora Brasiliensis probably to Psychotria cuspidata Bredem.,

for it is closely similar to some of the forms of eastern Brazil that

he placed with that species. However, it seems probable that most

of the forms occurring south of the Amazon ultimately will have

to be separated from the typical plant of the northern coast of

South America. The present plant may be recognized by its small,

broad, stiff, and prominently veined leaves.

Psychotria rondeletioides Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 7: 110. 1930.

Based upon a specimen in the Kew herbarium collected by

Funck and Schlim somewhere in Colombia. The following specimen,

in the Paris herbarium, although its data are somewhat different,

is probably of the same or type collection:

Colombia: San Pedro, Prov. Ocana, 1,800 meters, May, 1846-52,

L. Schlim 663; a shrub with white flowers.

Psychotria santae-rosae Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 7: 113. 1930.

Colombia: Prov. Barbacoas, 1851-57, J. Triana 1716 (herb.

Paris).

Known previously only from the type specimen.

Psychotria santaremica Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt.

5: 328. 1881.

This species may be reported as an addition to the known flora

of Colombia: Quibdo, Rio Atrato, Intendencia del Choco, 60 meters,

April-May, 1931, W. A. Archer 1909. A shrub 3 meters high;

bracts of the inflorescence purple.

Psychotria Schottiana Muell. Arg. Flora 59: 547. 1876; in

Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 5: 291. pi. 43J.1. 1881.

Brazil: Organ Mountains, Rio de Janeiro, Miers 4122 (herb.

Kew.), 4107 (K).

Psychotria smaragdina, sp. nov. — Ramuli teretes in sicco

fusci glabri; stipulae persistentes arete vaginantes fere ad medium

in lobos 2 lineares acutos bifidae glabrae; folia mediocria petiolata

papyracea, petiolo gracili 1-2 cm. longo glabro; lamina elliptica vel

oblongo-elliptica 9-16 cm. longa 4-7 cm. lata abrupte cuspidato-

acuminata, acumine angusto attenuato 1-1.5 cm. longo, basi abrupte

acuta et breviter decurrens, supra in sicco fusca glabra opaca costa

prominula, subtus concolor sublucida sparse minute strigillosa, ad

venas minute hispidula vel puberula serius glabrata, costa gracili

elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 13 gracilibus elevatis

angulo fere recto divergentibus arcuatis, nervulis prominulis; inflores-

centia terminalis pyramidalis 4 cm. longe pedunculata circa 11 cm.

longa et 6.5 cm. lata, simpliciter ramosa, ramis 4-5-jugis oppositis

250 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. XI

subreflexis spiciformibus basi bracteis lanceolatis persistentibus ad

5 mm. longis fulcratis, hispidulis, floribus parvis aggregatis arete

sessilibus, bracteolis minutis, bracteis superioribus parvis ovatis;

hypanthium minutum, calyce vix 1 mm. lato brevissime obtuse

dentato glabrato; corolla viridi-alba 4 mm. longa extus sparse

minutissime puberula vel fere glabra, lobis 4 oblpngo-ovatis obtusis

1.2 mm. longis intus dense barbatis. — Colombia: Lower Chapon,

Department of Boyaca, alt. 900 meters, edge of forest, August 8,

1932, A. E. Lawrance 405 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Card., type; fragm.

in herb. Field Mus.).

The collector states that the vernacular name is "esmeralda"

(emerald), in allusion to the small, bright green, emerald-like im-

mature fruits. He reports further that the plant is a tree 18-22

meters high, with a trunk 60-120 cm. in diameter, which probably

is an error, since no species of Psychotria is known to attain half

that size. Among the Psychotrias known from Colombia, this is

marked by its open pyramidal inflorescence, with simple, spike-like,

conspicuously reflexed branches.

Psychotria stachyoides Benth. Linnaea 23: 464. 1850.

Although this species seems to be common and widely dis-

tributed in Brazil, Mueller listed only a few collections, and it is

perhaps worth while to enumerate some of those examined recently

by the writer:

Brazil: Without locality, Pohl 802 (herb. Kew.); Burchell 4661

(K), 2429 (K);Sello (K). Sao Paulo, Bosque da Saude, in thickets,

December, 1911, Brade 5272 (herb. Stockholm) ; a shrub with whitish

flowers. Prov. Minas Geraes, Saint- Hilaire (herb. Paris). Prov.

Rio de Janeiro, Miers 4111 (K), 4112 (K). Jaguariahyva, in silvula,

Parana, 740 meters, Dusen 10703. Villa Velha, Parana, Janssan

1180a (S). Itaparussu, Parana, 880 meters, Dusen 7092 (S).

Theresopolis, Serra dos Orgaos, Prov. Rio de Janeiro, J. T. de

Moura 278 (herb. Berol.). Garcia, bei Blumenau, Santa Catharina,

November, 1888, E. Ule 1046 (U. S. Nat. Herb.). Campinas

Jose de Campos Novaes 711 (U. S. Nat. Herb.).

Psychotria stenostachya Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 207. 1930.

The plant seems to be plentiful in the lowlands of eastern Peru,

numerous collections having been reported when the species was

published. Brazilian specimens also have come to hand recently:

Brazil: Jurua Miry, Rio Jurua, October, 1901, Ule 5837 (herb.

Kew.); distributed as P. racemosa Willd., which it does not resemble

closely; a small shrub. Falls of the Madeira River, October, 1886,

Rusby 1879 (K).

Psychotria subremota Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 5:

315. 1881.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 251

The type was collected "in Brasilia orientali tropica" by Sello.

The type, in the Berlin herbarium, is represented in Field Museum

by a photograph and fragment, which are well matched by the

following localized collections:

Brazil: Dourado, Minas Geraes, May, 1846, Widgren (herb.

Stockholm). Rio de Janeiro, Widgren (S).

Psychotria subspathacea Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6,

pt. 5: 266. 1881.

Brazil: Itabapoana, Espirito Santo, December, 1887, J. T.

de Moura 206 (herb. Berol.). Rio de Janeiro, prope urbem in silyis

circa Hortum Botanicum, December, 1917, Dionisio Constantino

15446 (herb. Berol.).

Psychotria suerrensis Donn. Smith. — Described originally from

Costa Rica, this species is frequent in the Atlantic lowlands of that

country, growing in dense forest. It may be reported also for

Nicaragua: Chontales, in forest, 600 meters, in 1870, P. Levy 512

(herb. Paris). Braggman's Bluff region, April, 1928, F. C. Englesing

184.

Psychotria tenerior (Cham.) Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras.

6, pt. 5: 331. 1811. Patabea tenerior Cham. Linnaea 9: 236. 1835.

Described from Brazil, the exact locality not known. The

following collections agree well with a photograph and fragment

of the type, from the Berlin herbarium:

Paraguay: Valle'e de 1'y Acanguazu pres de Valenzuela, dans les

bois, March 15, 1884, Balansa 4770 (herb. Kew.); a branched shrub

1 meter high. — Brazil: Rio Preto, Pernambuco, September, 1839,

Gardner 2890 (K) ; a shrub 1 meter high.

Psychotria terminalis Veil. Fl. Flum. 65. 1825.

Brazil: "Environs de Rio Janeiro," Glaziou 12037 (herb. Kew.).

Santa Catharina, F. Mueller 298 (K). Serra do Mar, Desvio Ypi-

ranga, Parana, in silva primaeva, 700 meters, February, 1914,

Dusen 150440" Jacarehy, Parana, in silva primaeva, September,

1908, Dusen 6626. Serra do Mar, Porto de Cima, Parana, 200

meters, March, 1914, Dusen 50a (herb. Stockholm). Ibupava,

Parana, 460 meters, June, 1909, Dusen 8214 (S). Morretes, Parana,

April, 1904, Dusen 4350 (S).

Psychotria Trianae, sp. nov. — Praeter inflorescentiam omnino

glabra, ramulis gracillimis teretibus, internodiis valde elongatis;

stipulae persistentes firmae erectae fere ad basin bifidae, laciniis

anguste lineari-lanceolatis attenuatis venosis; folia mediocria sessilia

opposita lanceolato-oblonga membranacea 12-14 cm. longa 3-4 cm.

lata longissime et angustissime attenuata basi late rotundata et

breviter cordata, supra in sicco fusca lucida, costa nervisque promi-

252 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

nulis, subtus fere concolor, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere c. 15 tenerrimis prominulis angulo recto divergentibus

arcuatis juxta marginem in nervum collectivism conjunctis, nervis

1-2 gracilioribus subparallelis . inter paria interpositis, nervulis

transversis subparallelis connexis; inflorescentia axillaris vel pseudo-

axillaris ut videtur recurva cymoso-paniculata laxe multiflora

graciliter 7-13 cm. longe pedunculata 5-8 cm. lata et fere aequilonga

decussato-ramosa, ramis ut pedunculo minute hirtellis vel glabratis,

ramis saepe valde elongatis et secundifloris, floribus in fascicules

paucifloros aggregatis sessilibus, bracteis linearibus ad basin ramorum

insertis linearibus patentibus usque ad 7 mm. longis; hypanthium

glabrum 0.5 mm. longum, calyce profunde Ipbato 1.5 mm. longo,

laciniis lanceolato-oblqngis acutis vel acuminatis erectis glabris;

corolla extus glabra in alabastro 4 mm. longa apice obtusa, tubo

gracili supra dilatato; drupae depresso-globosae subdidymae 3.5 mm.

latae glabrae calyce persistente coronatae, pyrenis dorso acute

costatis. — Colombia: Provincia de Barbacoas, May, 1853, J. Triana

(herb. Paris, type).

The plant is a unique one, clearly a Psychotria, but not readily

associable with any other species that I have seen. Its general

appearance would suggest an association with P. patens Sw. The

narrow, sessile and more or less cordate, extremely attenuate-

acuminate leaves are distinctive.

Psychotria trivialis Rusby, Mem. Torrey Club 6: 50. 1896.

Hitherto this species has been known only from Bolivia, where

it appears to be not uncommon. Recent collections show that it is

a member also of the Peruvian flora, the following specimens being

at hand:

Peru: Puerto Arturo, Yurimaguas, 155-210 meters, a small shrub

in forest, November, 1929, Williams 5292. Fortaleza, Yurimaguas,

155-210 meters, a small shrub at edge of forest, October, 1929,

Williams 4283.

Psychotria Ulei, sp. nov. — Omnino glabra, ramulis gracilibus

subcompressis fusco-olivaceis, internodiis foliis brevioribus; stipulae

persistentes erectae basi vix 1 mm. longe connatae, vagina in lobos

4 setiformes 1.5-2 mm. longos deciduos desinente; folia mediocria

petiolata opposita firme membranacea, petiolo gracili 10-16 mm.

longo; lamina late elliptica vel rarius oblongo-elliptica 5.5-11 cm.

longa 2.5-6.5 cm. lata abrupte acuta vel breviacuminata, acumine

triangulari obtuso, basi acuta vel interdum obtusa et abrupte breviter

decurrens, supra in sicco cinereo-viridis vel lutescens, costa venisque

valde elevatis, subtus paullo pallidior, costa gracili elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere c. 12 prominentibus approximatis aequa-

libus angulo fere recto abeuntibus valde arcuatis prope marginem

pallidum paullo incrassatum conjunctis, nervulis prominulis laxe

reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis sessilis capitato-ternata, pedun-

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 253

culis crassis valde compressis 2-3.5 cm. longis erectis vel adscen-

dentibus, floribus ad apices pedunculorum dense subcapitato-con-

fertis numerosis sessilibus vel breviter crasse pedicellatis, bracteis

persistentibus ad basin ramorum insertis anguste triangularibus

acuminatis 3-4 mm. longis, bracteis florum conformibus c. 2 mm.

longis; hypanthium late obovoideum 1.5 mm. longum; calyx anguste

cylindrico-infundibuliformis in alabastro clausus et apice saepe

apiculatus 10-14 mm. longus et supra usque ad 6 mm. latus ut

videtur purpurascens obscure striato-nervius brevissime lobatus,

lobis apice rotundatis vel obtusissimis erectis; corolla glabra calyce

inclusa et eo vix longior, tubo crassiusculo supra paullo dilatato,

lobis 5 triangulari-oblongis crassis obtusis erectis 2-2.5 mm. longis;

antherae inclusae; bacca immatura globosa 6 mm. longa basi et

apice rotundata. — Brazil : Rocky cliffs, Serra do Macahe", Estado de

Rio de Janeiro, alt. 1,300 meters, February, 1900, E. Vie 4913

(herb. Berol., type).

Closely related to Psychotria stenocalyx Muell. Arg., according

to the description of that species, of which I have seen no material.

P. stenocalyx is described as having a calyx as much as 2 cm. long.

Psychotria vittoriensis Muell. Arg. Flora 59: 548. 1876.

Brazil: Prov. Espirito Santo, 1816-21, Saint- Hilaire B.335 (herb.

Paris). Engenheiro Reeve, Espirito Santo, 500 meters, 1903,

A. Robert (herb. Kew.).

The species of Psychotria of Mueller's group Fissistipulae could

perhaps be placed more satisfactorily or at least more conveniently

in Rudgea. The two genera can be separated certainly only with

mature fruit, which seldom is present on the specimens. Rudgea

can be recognized most surely by the form of the stipules. The

stipules in this group of Psychotria are so much like those of many

Rudgea species that one is almost certain to refer the species of the

Fissistipulae to Rudgea, unless thoroughly familiar with all the

Psychotria species.

Psychotria Wilkesiana Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 214. 1930.

Brazil: Without locality, Sello 119 (herb. Kew). Organ Moun-

tains, Rio de Janeiro, John Miers 4117 (K).

Psychotria xanthocephala Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fi. Bras.

6, pt. 5:351. pi. 53J.1. 1881.

Brazil : Santa Anna da Chapada, Matto Grosso, in silva sat clara,

August, 1902, Malme 2203 (herb. Stockholm); a shrub scarcely

1.7 meters high. Goyaz, Glaziou 21550 (S). Central Brazil, in

1844, Weddett 1976 (herb. Paris).

Psychotria xanthophylloides (Muell. Arg.), comb. nov.

Mapouria xanthophylloides Muell. Arg. Flora 59: 496. 1876.

254 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XT

Randia calycosa Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 20: 201. 1919.

Unlike most members of the genus, Randia calycosa is a plant

of the high mountain forests. It was described originally from the

Cerro de Horqueta, Chiriqui, Panama, at 1,700 meters and it may

be reported now from one of the most famous collecting grounds

in Costa Rica, whose flora seems to be altogether inexhaustible:

Costa Rica: In pastures at La Palma, a small tree, August,

1898, A. Tonduz 12481 (herb. Berol.).

Randia Killipii Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 170. 1930.

A well-marked species, known heretofore from several collections

obtained in Loreto and Junin, Peru. It may be reported now as

a member of the Colombian flora: Colombia: Rio Putumayo, on

the Peruvian boundary, in forest, Klug 1608.

A tree 3 meters high; flowers white. The corolla tube may be

as much as 4 cm. long, and the lobes of equal length, measure-

ments slightly greater than in Peruvian specimens. The young

branchlets are hispid, also, the pubescence being less dense than

in the original material.

Randia laetevirens Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 1377.

1926.

A new local name appears upon the label of a collection examined

recently: Mexico: Fortin, Veracruz, March, 1883, E. Kerber 392

(herb. Leningrad). Vernacular name, "coronillo."

Richardia humistrata (Cham. & Schlecht.) Steud. Nom. Bot.

ed. 2. 2: 459. 1840. Richardsonia humistrata Cham. & Schlecht.

Linnaea 3: 353. 1828; Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 6: 97. pi.

88, f. 2. 1888.

In plate 88 of the Flora Brasiliensis there are illustrated two

plants, Richardsonia humistrata and Schwendenera tetrapyxis. Schu-

mann's citations of the two figures under the descriptions of the

species illustrated, as well as the text of the plate, are incorrect.

Figure 1, which he cites for Richardsonia humistrata is really Schwen-

denera, and figure 2, which he cites under Schwendenera, is really

Richardsonia humistrata. This typographical error has led to

confusion in determination. Reineck & Czermak 76 listed below

was distributed as Schwendenera, and it is the Schwendenera of

the plate, although casual reading of the description of that genus

would have shown that the specimens could not possibly be referred

there. Of Richardia humistrata the following collections have been

seen by the writer:

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 255

Brazil: Rio Grande do Sul, Reineck & Czermak 76 (herb. Stock-

holm). Porto Alegre, Na vegan tes, December, 1901, Malme 304a (S).

Rio Grande, in arenosis sat siccis, October, 1901, Malme 20 (S).

Quinta near Rio Grande, in campo arenoso subhumido, November,

1901, Malme 304 (S). — Uruguay: near Montevideo, Sello dlO (fragm.

ex herb. Berol.). — Peru: Cutervo, Cajamarca, Raimondi 5689

(fragm. ex herb. Berol.).

The species is reported also from the State of Santa Catharina,

Brazil.

Rondeletia intermedia Hemsl. Diag. PI. Nov. 26. 1879.

The species was based upon Linden 1659 and 1661 from Chiapas.

I have seen in the Delessert Herbarium a specimen of Linden 1661,

collected at Pueblo Nuevo, Chiapas (Hemsley does not give the

locality), in February, 1840. In the same herbarium there is another

specimen obtained by the same collector, without number, in pine

forests of Chiapas in the same month.

Hemsley cites with the original description also Jurgensen 798

from Oaxaca, but the specimen of this number in the Delessert

Herbarium is clearly Rondeletia amoena (Planch.) Hemsl., and

does not agree with Hemsley's description. Perhaps two species

have been distributed under the same number. Linden describes

the corollas of R. intermedia as red ("rouges").

Rondeletia Galeottii Standl. N. Amer. Fl. 32: 59. 1918.

Mexico: Sulusuchiapa, Chiapas, 800 meters, April, 1840, J.

Linden 333 (herb. Deless.). Flowers white.

Rondeletia oaxacana, sp. nov. — Ramuli graciles teretes dense

ferrugineo-tomentosi, internodiis elongatis; stipulae erectae per-

sistentes c. 6 mm. longae e basi triangulari subulato-attenuatae

tomentosae; folia mediocria sessilia vel yix 2 mm. longe petiolata

subcoriacea ovato-ovalia vel elliptico-ovalia 4.5-9.5 cm. longa 3-5 cm.

lata acuta vel abrupte breviter acuta basi late rotundata et breviter

vel profunde cordata plus minusve rugosa vel bullata supra in sicco

fusca puberula vel breviter pilosa asperula costa yenisque subim-

pressis, subtus pallidior vel incana dense tomento albido arachnoideo-

tomentosa costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

circa 8 angulo latiusculo adscendentibus arcuatis prominentibus

marginem fere attingentibus, venulis prominentibus arete reticulatis;

inflorescentia terminalis anguste cymoso-paniculata dense multiflora

erecta 5.5 cm. longe pedunculata 12 cm. longa et basi 5 cm. lata,

decussata, ramis primariis brevibus arcuatim adscendentibus vel

subdivaricatis dense ferrugineo-tomentosis, bracteis lineari-lanceo-

latis usque ad 6 mm. longis tomentulosis, ramis primariis cyma

capituliformi terminatis, cymis densissime multifloris, floribus

sessilibus; hypanthium ut calyx dense ferrugineo-tomentosum,

calycis laciniis 4 subaequalibus ovali-oblongis obtusis 2.5 mm.

256 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. XI

longis intus glabris; corolla alba extus dense pilis crassiusculis

subpatentibus ferrugineis vel fulvis hispidula, tubo gracili tereti

1 cm. longo supra vix dilatato, lobis intus glabris rotundatis 4-5 mm.

longis patentibus. — Mexico: Oaxaca, October, H. Galeotti 2664 bis

(herb. Paris, type).

A well-marked species of the group Laniflorae, noteworthy for

the sessile leaves with cordate bases.

Rondeletia parviflora Poir. in Lam. Encycl. 6: 252. 1804.

R. arborescens Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 327. 1861.

The type of R. parviflora, which was listed by the present writer

in the North American Flora (32: 86. 1918) as a doubtful species,

was collected in Martinique by Richard. In the Delessert Her-

barium there is a specimen from the Ventenat Herbarium, which

is labeled as Rondeletia parviflora, with the statement that it was

collected in the Antilles by Richard. It is, therefore, presumably

authentic material of that species. The specimen agrees perfectly

with the following collections, which have been referred by the

writer and others to R. arborescens.

Martinique: Duss 942. Foret de 1'Alma, Hahn 639 (herb.

Paris). — Guadeloupe: Duss (herb. Paris); Duss 2552.

Rondeletia pubescens HBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 3: 396. pi. 291.

1820. R. brevipes Benth. PL Hartw. 191. 1845.

In the Rubiaceae of Colombia (Field Mus. Bot. 7: 28. 1930)

Rondeletia brevipes was listed as a valid species, but with some

question regarding its proper status. Recently I have been able

to examine a specimen of Hartweg 1050, the type collection of

R. brevipes, in the Delessert Herbarium. There seems to be no reason

why Bentham's name should not be referred to synonymy under

Rondeletia pubescens.

Rondeletia subcordata, sp. nov. — Ramuli gracillimi teretes,

vetustiores brunnescentes rimosi, novelli puberuli, internodiis foliis

fere aequilongis vel interdum longioribus; stipulae triangulares

acutae 1-1.5 mm. longae; folia opposita fere sessilia coriacea parva,

petiolo 1 mm. tan turn longo; lamina oblongo-ovata 10-22 mm.

longa 5-10 mm. lata acuta vel subacuminata basi rotundata vel

leviter cordata, supra glabra, subtus fere concplor glabra vel tantum

ad costam elevatam sparse hispidula, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere 4-5 inconspicuis; inflorescentiae terminates longipedunculatae

umbellatim triflorae vel interdum ramosae et pluriflorae, bracteis

basalibus linearibus vel lanceolatis usque ad 4 mm. longis, bracteolis

subulatis 1-2 mm. longis, pedicellis 2-4 mm. longis gracilibus rectis;

hypanthium subglobosum 1.5 mm. longum dense albido-tomentosum ;

calycis laciniae 4 anguste subulatae 3-4 mm. longae erectae pilosulae;

corollae tubus gracillimus 6-7 mm. longus supra non dilatatus dense

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 257

pilis minutis reflexis sericeo-pilosulus, lobis 4 rotundatis patentibus

intus glabris 1.5 mm. longis. — Dominican Republic (?): "St. Domin-

gue," in 1851, M. Varanne (herb. Paris, type).

This plant agrees better with the description of the Haitian

Rondeletia domatiata Urban than with any other species of which

I have seen specimens or descriptions. That species has domatia

on the lower surface of the leaves, and this has none. In R. domatiata

the leaves are described as being merely obtuse at the base.

Rudgea alibertioides, sp. nov. — Ut videtur frutex dense

rampsus, ramulis subteretibus vel ad nodos subcpmpressis rigidis

in sicco suboliyaceis densissime minute puberulis, internodiis foliis

brevioribus; stipulae persistentes rotundatae 1.5-2 mm. longae

puberulae mucronatae, mucrone setulis paucis pallidis usque ad

3 mm. longis marginalibus dorsalibusque onusto; folia parva sub-

coriacea opposita in sicco olivacea vix 2 mm. longe petiolata oblancep-

lato-oblonga 3.5-5 cm. longa 1-1-7 cm. lata obtusa vel acuta basin

versus sensim angustata basi ipsa acuta, supra lucida glabra costa

nervisque prominulis, subtus opaca paullo pallidiora, ubique minutis-

sime puberula, costa gracili prominente, nervis lateralibus utrpque

latere c. 11 prominulis angulo acuto adscendentibus prope marginem

junctis, nervulis prominulis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis

1.5 cm. longe pedunculate, umbellatim trichotoma, ramis 8-10

mm. longis sparse minutissime puberulis, floribus paucis capitatis

arete sessilibus bracteis hypanthio brevioribus laciniatis; hypan-

thium glabrum 1.5 mm. longum obconicum, calyce hypanthio paullo

breviore fere ad basin 4-lobo, laciniis triangulari-ovatis obtusis

vel acutiusculis; corolla extus glabra gracilis, tubo 10-12 mm. longo

fauce abrupte paullo dilatato, lobis 4 subpatentibus ovato-oblongis

3-4 mm. longis obtusis; stylus filiformis 6 mm. longe exsertus. —

Brazil: Without locality, A.Glaziou 14902 (Copenhagen herbarium,

type).

The collection was distributed as Psychotria parvifolia Muell.

Arg., but the plant is clearly a species of Rudgea. It is related most

closely to R. celastrinea Muell. Arg., which is glabrous throughout,

and differs in several minor details.

Rudgea allophylla, sp. nov. — Ut videtur dense ramosa, ramulis

vetustioribus teretibus gracilibus pallidis, novellis gracillimis minu-

tissime puberulis, internodiis plerumque abbreviatis; stipulae persis-

tentes in vaginam vix 1 mm. longam connatae, parte apicali 1-1.5

mm. longa in setas paucas breves deciduas divisa; folia brevissime

petiolata tenuiter membranacea opposita, petiolo 1-2 mm. longo

minutissime puberulo; lamina valde variabilis lanceolato-oblonga

usque ad oblongo-ovata vel rotundato-ovata, 3-6.5 cm. longa, 1-4.5

cm. lata, acuta vel acuminata, basi subobtusa usque ad subcordata,

supra in sicco fusco-yiridis, glabra vel tantum ad venas obscure

sparse puberula, venis non elevatis, subtus pallidior, ad costam

258 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

gracilem praesertim in axillis pilis longis pallidis laxis pilosa, aliter

glabra, neryis lateralibus utroque latere c. 6 obliquis angulo semirecto

adscendentibus gracillimis yix prominulis leviter arcuatis prope

marginem conjunctis, nervulis non elevatis obscuris laxe reticulatis;

inflorescentia terminalis graciliter 1.5-2 cm. longe pedunculata

cymoso-corymbosa laxe multiflpra 1.5-4 cm. longa et aequilata,

basi trichotoma, ramis gracillimis minute puberulis, ultimis plerum-

que trifloris, bracteis obsoletis, flore terminali cymulae sessili, laterali-

bus pedicellis gracilibus puberulis usque ad 6 mm. longis stipatis;

hypanthium anguste columnare minutissime puberulum 1.5 mm.

longum; calyx 5-partitus, laciniis minute puberulis vel fere glabris

lineari-attenuatis 2-3 mm. longis viridibus patentibus; corolla extus

minute pilosula vel puberula in alabastro apice non cornuta, in anthesi

10-12 mm. longa, tubo gracili supra paullo dilatato in fauce piloso,

lobis 5 lineari-lanceolatis patentibus obtusis tubo paullo longioribus;

flores heterostyli, interdum stylo brevi et staminibus exsertis, in-

terdum stylo longe exserto et staminibus inclusis. — Brazil: "Environs

de Rio de Janeiro," A. Glaziou 12771 (herb. Kew., type).

In Mueller's key to the species of Rudgea in iheFloraBrasiliensis,

the present plant resembles R. eriantha Benth. (properly R. coriacea

Schum.), but the two plants are not closely related. Rudgea allo-

phylla is noteworthy for its variable leaves, lax inflorescences, elongate

calyx segments, and pubescent corollas.

Rudgea amplicalyx, sp. nov. — Frutex omnino glaber ramosus,

ramulis teretibus gracilibus, vetustioribus albidis rimosis, noyellis

viridibus striatis, internodiis foliis plus quam duplo brevioribus;

stipulae albidae primo connatae, late ovales vel rotundatae apice

rotundatae dorso prope apicem setis paucis brevibus rigidis onustae;

folia mediocria breviter petiolata firme membranacea, petiolo

crassiusculo 2-5 mm. longo; lamina elliptica 7-10 cm. longa 2.5-4.5

cm. lata abrupte acuminata, acumine anguste triangulari 1-2 cm.

longo attenuate anguste obtusp, basi cuneato-acuta, supra in sicco

cinereo-viridescens costa venisque non elevatis, subtus pallide

lutescens, costa gracili elevata, neryis lateralibus utroque latere

c. 9 obliquis angulo acuto adscendentibus gracillimis prominentibus

vix arcuatis remote a margine conjunctis, venulis prominulis arete

reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis sessilis vel ad 8 mm. longe pedun-

culata, cymoso-corymbosa laxe multiflora 4-5 cm. longa et aequilata

vel paullo latior, basi trichotoma, ramis quoque trichotpmis, ramulis

cymula triflora terminatis, bracteis minutis subulatis, pedicellis

gracilibus 5-8 mm. longis; hypanthium clavatum 1.5 mm. longum;

calyx 3-6 mm. longus campanulatus ut videtur colpratus fere ad

medium lobatus, laciniis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis erectis;

corolla extus glabra, tubo crasso 6 mm. longo fauce dense villoso,

lobis aequilongis lineari-oblongis patentibus vel reflexis intus minute

puberulis; stylus filiformis longe exsertus.- — Brazil: Prov. Espiritu

Santo, 1816-21, Auguste de Saint- Hilaire 332 (herb. Paris, type).

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 259

Although decidedly ordinary in general appearance, the plant

is unusual in the large and well-developed calyx, which is almost

corolloid in appearance.

Rudgea angustissima, sp. nov. — Frutex 3-3.5 m. altus, ramis

gracilibus rigidis subteretibus et plus minusve striatis, novellis

minute pilis patentibus pilosis; stipulae 5-6 mm. longae profunde

in lacinias subulatas paucas lobatae pilosulae persistentes; folia

breviter petiolata firme membranacea, petiolo gracili 4-5 mm.

longo pilosulo; lamina lineari-oblonga vel angustissime lanceolata

9-11 cm. longa 15-18 mm. lata apicem versus longe attenuata basi

acuta vel basin versus sensim attenuata supra in sicco opaca fusco-

viridis vel luteo-viridis glabra, subtus sparse vel ad costam densius

minute puberula, cpsta gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere c. 9 prominulis angulo semirecto adscendentibus, nervulis vix

prominulis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis parva cymoso-

paniculata 1.5 cm. longe pedunculata c. 1 cm. longa et fere aequilata,

ramis crassis brevibus dense hirtellis, bracteis minutis obscuris,

floribus paucis aggregatis sessilibus; hypanthium crassum fere 1 mm.

longum glabratum, calyce brevissimo obscure remote repando-

denticulato; corolla in alabastro vix evoluta extus glabra; cetera

ignota. — Peru: Puerto Bermudez, Dept. Junin, 375 meters, in dense

forest, July, 1929, E. P. Killip & A. C. Smith 26459 (herb. Field

Mus. No. 632,756, type).

The species is unusual in its extremely narrow leaves.

Rudgea bogotensis, sp. nov. — Glabra, ramulis gracilibus tereti-

bus, vetustioribus ochraceis rimosis, novellis fuscis, internodiis

brevibus; stipulae persistentes late oblongae vel ellipticae breviter

connatae crassae erectae obtusae subcostatae, margine prope apicem

setulis paucis 1-1.5 mm. longis valde incrassatis obtusiusculis

onusto; folia mediocria breviter petiolata opposita crasse membran-

acea, petiolo gracili 4-7 mm. longo; lamina elliptico-oblonga vel

oblanceolato-oblonga 11-14 cm. longa 3.5-6 cm. lata abrupte longi-

acuminata, acumine angusto longe attenuate, basin versus longe

angustata, supra in sicco fusco-viridis, sublucida, costa venisque

vix elevatis, subtus pallidior, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere c. 9 gracilibus prominentibus obliquis angulo semirecto

adscendentibus subarcuatis vel fere rectis prope marginem conjunctis

vel interdum in marginem desinentibus, nervulis prominulis arete

reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis graciliter pedunculata cymoso-

corymbosa 3 cm. longa laxe pauciflora, ramis gracilibus valde

adscendentibus vel suberectis, bracteis minutis vel obspletis, floribus

in cymulas trifloras dispositis, flore terminali arete sessili, lateralibus

3-4 mm. longe pedicellatis; hypanthium obovoideum 0.8 mm. longo,

calyce latissime campanulato 1-1.5 mm. longo truncate 1.6 mm. lato;

corolla ante anthesin 8 mm. longa apice rotundata ecornuta, tubo

supra paullo dilatato, lobis oblongis obtusis tubo subaequilongis.—

Colombia: Tunca, Prov. Bogota, alt. 1,400 meters, 1851-57, J. Triana

1721 (herb. Paris, type).

260 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

Although it has no special distinguishing characters, the plant

is altogether distinct from the Rudgeas reported previously from

Colombia.

Rudgea calophylla, sp. nov. — Arbuscula 2-metralis dichotqme

ramosa floribus exceptis pmnino glabra, ramulis gracilibus rigidis

teretibus vel subcompressis olivaceis, internodiis elongatis; stipulae

2-3 mm. longae incrassatae late ovatae persistentes acutiusculae

dorso prope apicem setis paucis brevibus pallidis crassis congestis

onustae; folia sessilia vel crasse 1-2 mm. longe petiolata opposita

tenuiter coriacea; lamina oblongo-lanceolata 8-14 cm. longa 2-5.5

cm. lata longissime attenuato-acuminata versus basin paullo breviter

angustata, basi ipsa rotundata vel interdum subcordata, supra in

sicco luteo-yiridis, sublucida, costa valde elevata, venis prominenti-

bus, nervulis prominulis, subtus paullo pallidior, costa gracili valde

elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 11 obliquis angulo

semirecto adscendentibus elevatis gracilibus subcurvis juxta margi-

nem conjunctis, nervulis prominentibus arete reticulatis; inflores-

centia terminalis sessilis vel crasse 5 mm. longe pedunculata

capituliformi-contracta dense pauci- vel multiflora 8-14 mm. lata,

floribus confertis sessilibus, bracteis late triangularibus c. 0.6 mm.

longis acutis persistentibus; hypanthium late obconicum 1 mm.

longum glabrum vel obsolete puberulum, calyce 1.2 mm. longo

late campanulato subtruncato vel obsolete undulato-dentato minu-

tissime puberulo vel glabrato; corolla in alabastro ut videtur valde

immatura 3-3.5 mm. longa apice late rotundata ecornuta extus

dense minute pulverulaceo-puberula eburnea. — Brazil: Ad ripas

fluminis Uaupes, prope Panure, December, 1852, R. Spruce 2711

(herb. Kew., type).

A species of doubtful affinity, noteworthy for its sessile, narrow,

unusually long-acuminate leaves, and for the small, dense, headlike,

few-flowered inflorescence.

Rudgea cornifolia (H. & B.) Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 7: 432.

1931. Psychotria cornifolia H. & B. apud R. & S. Syst. 5: 191. 1819.

P. fimbriata Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3: 226. 1841. R. fimbriata

Standl. in Standl. & Cald. Lista PI. Salv. 274. 1920. P. articuli-

cymosa Wernham, Journ. Bot. 55: 253. 1917.

In the Rubiaceae of Colombia, Psychotria articulicymosa was

listed as a valid species. I find, however, that the type collection,

Triana 1692, was listed quite properly under Rudgea fimbriata,

i.e. R. cornifolia, of which Wernham's Psychotria is clearly a

synonym. The following additional collection of the species may

be placed on record: Colombia: Fusagasuga to Pandi, Goudot 3

(herb. Paris).

Rudgea cryptantha, sp. nov. — Frutex omnino glaber, ramulis

gracilibus rectis vel flexuosis teretibus viridibus, internodiis elongatis

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 261

vel abbreviates; stipulae persistentes erectae late obpvatae 12-14

mm. longae virides vel pallide olivaceae apice lato breviter laciniato-

dentatae, laciniis numerosis 1-2 mm. longis pallide setoso-apiculatis;

folia mediocria breviter petiolata ppposita membranacea, petiolo

2-5 mm. longo supra sulcato; lamina anguste lanceolato-oblonga

8-12.5 cm. longa 2-3.5 cm. lata longissime attenuato-acuminata,

acumine angustissimo saepe subfalcato, basi acuta vel obtusa, supra

in sicco cinereo-viridis, costa prominente, venis prominulis, subtus

fere concolor, in axillis venarum excavata, costa gracili elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere c. 7 obliquis gracilibus prominentibus

angulo semirecto adscendentibus subcuryis prope marginem con-

junctis, nervulis prominulis arete reticulatis; flores terminales sessiles

fasciculati pauci stipulis 2 magnis involucrati; hypanthium obo-

voideum 1 mm. longum, calyce campanulato 2.5 mm. longo pallido

obsolete undulato-dentato; corolla in alabastro apice obtusa ecornuta,

tubo crasso 12 mm. longo 2 mm. lato supra vix dilatato, lobis 5

pblongis apiculatis 5-6 mm. longis patentibus intus glabris; antherae

inclusae; stylus dense puberulus 4 mm. longe exsertus. — Peru:

San Antonio, Alto Rio Itaya, Dept. Loreto, alt. 145 meters, Octo-

ber 9, 1929, Llewelyn Williams 3521 (herb. Field Mus. No. 621,600,

type).

The plant is unique in its sessile involucrate flowers, and the

large, laciniate-dentate stipules also are distinctive.

Rudgea Duckei, sp. nov.— Arbor parva omnino glabra, ramulis

sat gracilibus rigidis teretibus fuscis; stipulae breviter connatae 3-4

mm. longae triangulari-rotundatae obtusae apice breviter productae

et setis paucis brevibus deciduis incrassatis onustae; folia breviter

petiolata opposita subcoriacea, petiolo crassiusculo 6-9 mm. longo;

lamina anguste oblonga 11.5-18 cm. longa 3-5 cm. lata, longe

anguste attenuato-acuminata, basi acuta, supra in sicco fusco-yiridis

vel subflayescens, sublucida, costa subimpressa, venis manifestis sed

non elevatis, subtus fere concolor, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateral-

ibus utroque latere c. 8 gracilibus prominulis obliquis angulo latius-

culo adscendentibus inaequalibus ante marginem cpnjunctis, nervulis

prominulis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis cymoso-corym-

bosa crasse 8 mm. longe pedunculata, corollis neglectis 2.5 cm.

longa et 4 cm. lata, dense multiflora, ramis infimis verticillatis

adscendentibus dichotpmis, floribus sessilibus ad apices ramorum

dense congestis, bracteis persistentibus triangulari-acuminatis vix 1

mm. longis basi saepe bidentatis; hypanthium obconicum 1 mm.

longum, calyce fere 1 mm. longo 5-partito, laciniis oblongis obtusis

minute ciliolatis; corolla alba in alabastro obtusa ecornuta, tubo

gracillimo 3.5 cm. longo fere 2 mm. lato supra non dilatato fauce

glabro, lobis 5 anguste oblongis attenuato-obtusis 5 mm. longis intus

glabris patentibus; stylus capillaris glaber; bacca oyalis 8-13 mm.

longa basi et apice rotundata.- — Brazil: In silvis non inundatis prope

fluminem Arama, in regione Breves aestuarii amazonici, State of

Para, November 29, 1922, A. Ducke 18831 (herb. Berol., type).

262 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

In corolla size and form the plant suggests Rudgea graciliflora

Standl., of the same region, but the latter has longer flowers, small,

thin leaves, and a greatly reduced inflorescence, besides differing

in calyx structure.

Rudgea fascigera, sp. nov. — Ramuli vetustiores subteretes

ochracei plus minusye striati, novellis dense pilis adscendentibus

brunnescentibus hispido-pilosis, internodiis abbreyiatis vel elongatis;

stipulae in yaginam 1.5-2 mm. longam hispidulam induratam

connatae, vagina inter folia fasciculis 2 setarum paucarum rigidarum

5 mm. longarum erectarum onusta; folia breviter petiolata mem-

branacea opposita, petiolo gracili 3-8 mm. longo hispidulo; lamina

oblanceolato-oblonga vel anguste elliptico-oblonga, saepius paullo

supra medium latissima, abrupte acuta vel acuminata, acumine

triangulari vel anguste triangulari et longe attenuate, basi acuta

vel basin versus longius angustata, supra in sicco fusco-viridis,

glabra, costa venisque non vel vix elevatis, subtus fere concolor,

saepe brunnescens, ad venas laxe breviter villosula, aliter obscure

puberula vel glabrata, costa gracili elevata, neryis lateralibus utroque

latere c. 9 obliquis angulo semirecto adscendentibus gracilibus promi-

nentibus leviter curvis marginem attingentibus nervulis vix promi-

nulis numerosissimis fere rectis et horizontalibus crebre parallelis;

inflorescentia terminalis 1.5-2 cm. longe pedunculata erecta anguste

thyrsoidep-paniculata dense multiflora 1.5-4 cm. longa 1-2.5 cm.

lata ramis verticillatis vel alternis patentibus crassiusculis dense

brunneo-pilosulis, floribus ad apices ramorum dense congestis

sessilibus vel rarius in cymulas laxiusculas dispositis, bracteis per-

sistentibus lineari-subulatis patentibus vel subreflexis dense sordido-

puberulis plerumque 2-3 mm. longis; hypanthium puberulum 0.5

mm. longum, calyce 5-partito, vix 0.3 mm. longo, lobis minutis

pvato-triangularibus obtusis; corolla minute puberula 4 mm. longa

in alabastro apice 5-corniculata, appendicibus gracilibus radiatim

patentibus, tubo in fauce non barbato, lobis oblongis patentibus

obtusis tubo triple brevioribus; antherae breviter exsertae lineares

1.2 mm. longae erectae. — Brazil : Province de Espirito Santo, 1816-21,

Auguste de Saint- Hilaire B.335 (herb. Paris, type). Engenheiro

Reeve, Espirito Santo, 500 meters, in 1903, A. Robert (herb. Kew.).

The relationship of this well-marked species is not clearly

apparent. The plant is noteworthy for the form of the stipules,

the abundant pubescence, and the narrow, thyrsoid inflorescence

with minute flowers.

Rudgea Glaziovii Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 5: 217.

1881.

Brazil : Prov. Rio de Janeiro, 1816-21, Saint- Hilaire C.4 (herb.

Paris).

Rudgea graciliflora, sp. nov. — Frutex parvus, ramulis gracili-

bus teretibus, vetustioribus ochraceis, novellis fusco-olivaceis minu-

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 263

tissime puberulis, internodiis brevibus; stipulae 2-2.5 mm. longae

persistentes erectae e basi rotundata breviter mucronatae et apice

dense brevissime setulosae, setis pallidis deciduis; folia breviter petio-

lata parya opposita membranacea, petiolo gracili 4-6 mm. longo

minutissime puberulo vel fere glabro; lamina oblonga 5.5-9 cm.

longa 2-2.5 cm. lata subabrupte longe caudato-acuminata, acumine

angusto usque ad 1.5 cm. longo acuto vel obtuso attenuate, basi

acuta, glabra, supra fusco-viridis, costa venisque non elevatis, sub-

tus paullo pallidior, costa gracili elevata, neryis lateralibus utroque

latere c. 6 tenerrimis prominentibus inaequalibus angulo semirecto

adscendentibus obliquis fere rectis remote a margine conjunctis,

nervulis prominulis subarcte reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis

crasse 2.5 mm. longe pedunculata capituliformi-cpntracta dense

pauciflora corpllis neglectis 6 mm. longa, floribus simpliciter race-

mose dispositis, pedicellis crassis usque ad 3 mm. longis minute

puberulis, bracteis obsoletis; hypanthium fere microscopice puber-

ulum 1 mm. longum, calyce vix 0.5 mm. longo obscure latissime

denticulato; corolla alba in alabastro apice obtusa ecornuta extus

glabra vel sparse et minutissime puberula, tubo gracillimo 4.8 cm.

longo 1.5 mm. lato supra non dilatato fauce non barbato, lobis

oblongis attenuato-obtusis intus glabris patentibus 4 mm. longis;

filamenta 4-5 mm. longe exserta, antheris lineari-oblongis fere 2

mm. longis. — Brazil : In silvis non inundatis prope fluminem Macu-

jirbim, regione Breves aestuarii amazonici, State of Para, January

17, 1920, A. Ducke 15358 (herb. Berol., type).

A striking plant because of the exceptionally long and slender

corollas.

Rudgea justicioides Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 229. 1930.

The species was based upon material from the Department of

Loreto in eastern Peru. The following Brazilian collection has

come to hand recently: Brazil: Sao Braz, Rio Purus, in forest,

September, 1874, J. W. H. Traill 432 (herb. Kew.); flowers white.

Rudgea Langsdorffii Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6, pt. 5:

191. 1881.

Brazil: Piassaguera, Sao Paulo, September, 1902, A. Puttemans

11884 (herb. Berol.); a tree; flowers white. Corcovado, Rio de

Janeiro, Miers 3905 (herb. Kew.).

Rudgea longipes, sp. noy. — Praeter inflorescentiam omnino

glabra, ramulis teretibus gracilibus, vetustioribus brunnescentibus,

novellis olivaceis, internodiis elongatis; stipulae in vaginam erectam

2-3 mm. longam connatae, vagina subtruncata prope basin fasciculo

denso setarum brevium incrassatarum onusta; folia breviter petio-

lata subcoriacea opposita, petiolo crassiusculo 4-10 mm. longo;

lamina anguste oblanceolato-oblonga vel rarius anguste elliptico-

oblonga 7.5-12.5 cm. longa 2-4.5 cm. lata acuta vel rarius abrupte

breviacuminata, basin versus longe anguste sensim attenuata, supra

264 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. XI

in sicco flavo-yiridis, costa venisque prominentibus, sublucida, sub-

tus paullo pallidior, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere c. 9 gracilibus inaequalibus angulo recto vel paullo latiore

adscendentibus obliquis prominentibus subarcuatis prope marginem

conjunctis, nervulis prominulis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia termi-

nalis 3-4 cm. longe pedunculata erecta capitato-contracta 1-3 cm.

lata densa pauci- yel multiflora, ramis paucis densifloris usque ad

5 mm. longis yalidis sparse minutissime puberulis vel fere omnino

glabris, bracteis late triangularibus acutis c. 0.5 mm. longis, floribus

sessilibus vel brevissime pedicellatis; hypanthium oblongo-turbi-

natum 1 mm. longum minutissime puberulum, calyce 0.6 mm. longo

ad medium 5-lobo, lobis latis subrotundatis, disco tumido calycem

fere aequante; corolla 7-8 mm. longa extus minutissime puberula

vel fere glabra in alabastro apice rotundata ecornuta, tubo crassius-

culo supra vix dilatato, lobis 5 oblongis obtusis patentibus vel

subrecurvis tubo duplo brevioribus; filamenta exserta, antheris

lineari-oblongis 2 mm. longis. — Brazil: Olho de Agoa, Province de

Minas Geraes, 1816-21, Auguste de Saint- Hilaire (herb. Paris, type).

The species most closely related is Rudgea ochroleuca Muell.

Arg., which differs in its short-pedunculate inflorescence, somewhat

broader leaves, and short-corniculate corolla lobes.

Rudgea minor (Cham.), comb. noy. Coffea minor Cham.

Linnaea 9: 227. 1834. Rudgea Clausseniana Benth. Linnaea 23:

461. 1850.

Rudgea mouririoides, sp. noy. — Floribus exceptis omnino

glabra; ramuli graciles recti yel plus minusye flexuosi teretes ochracei

vel pallide virides, internodiis elongatis; stipulae persistentes incras-

satae in vaginam 4-5 mm. longam connatae apice setis paucis rigidis

erectis persistentibus 5-9 mm. longis onustae; folia subsessilia oppo-

sita subcoriacea, petiolo crasso vix 2-3 mm. longo; lamina oblonga

vel elliptico-oblonga 8-18.5 cm. longa 3.5-7.5 cm. lata apice acuta

vel breviter abrupte acuminata, acumine triangulari acuto rare

attenuate, basi late rotundata et breviter cordata, supra in sicco

cinereo-yiridis vel lutescenti-viridis, costa venisque prominulis, sub-

tus pallidior, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

c. 13 gracilibus prominentibus angulo fere recto diyergentibus prope

marginem pallidum incrassatum conjunctis, nervulis prominulis laxe

reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis sessilis cymoso-corymbosa sed

capituliformi-contracta c. 1. cm. longa et 2.5 cm. lata dense multi-

flora, ramis crassis minutissime puberulis vel glabratis brevibus,

floribus sessilibus ad apices ramorum dense congestis, bracteis

minutis vel obsoletis; hypanthium obovoideum minute puberulum

fere 1 mm. longum, calyce 0.5 mm. longo 5-partito, laciniis inae-

qualibus oblongis vel ovalibus obtusis ciliolatis; corolla extus sparse

minute puberula yel fere glabra in alabastro apice late obtusa

ecornuta, tubo cylindraceo 3.5-4 mm. longo fauce dense barbato,

lobis 5 oblongis patentibus vel recurvis obtusis tubo duplo brevioribus

intus supra basin glabris; antherae inclusae; stylus longiuscule

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 265

exsertus. — Brazil: Bahia, Blanchet 89 (herb. Paris, type). Bahia,

Blanchet 2313 (herb. Paris).

Rudgea obesiflora, sp. nov. — Arbuscula 5-metralis, trunco 6.5

cm. diam., omnino glabra, ramulis crassiusculis, vetustioribus pallidis,

internodiis brevibus vel elongatis; stipulae subpersistentes pallidae

12-15 mm. longae late oblongae vel oblongo-cuneatae apice breviter

multilaciniatae; folia breviter petiolata mediocria vel parva crasse

membranacea, petiolo 5-7 mm. longo; lamina ellipticooblonga vel

lanceolato-oblonga 9-12.5 cm. longa 3-5 cm. lata longe anguste

acuminata, acumine attenuate acuto, basi acuta vel acuminata, in

sicco cinereo-viridis, supra opaca costa prominente, venis vix promi-

nulis, subtus paullo pallidior, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere c. 8 in axillis foveolatis angulo semirecto adscendenti-

bus eleyatis arcuatis prope marginem junctis, nervulis prominulis

laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis 2-2.5 cm. longe pedunculata

erecta trichotoma, ramis viridibus teretibus vel subcompressis c.

1 cm. longis apice 1-3-floris, floribus arete sessilibus, bracteis minutis

vel obsoletis; hypanthium anguste turbinatum 4-5 mm. longum;

calyx subrotatus 4 mm. altus 7-8 mm. latus truncatus; corolla alba

in alabastro apice obtusa et 5-corniculata, tubo crassissimo 10-12

mm. longo ad faucem 8 mm. lato basin versus vix angustiore, lobis

late triangulari-ovatis obtusis 5-6 mm. longis intus glabris; antherae

breviter exsertae lineares 6 mm. longae, filamentis filiformibus.—

Peru: Upper Maranon, mouth of Rio Santiago, upland forest, alt.

160 meters, September 18, 1924, G. Tessmann 4070 (herb. Berol.,

type).

Among the rather numerous Peruvian species of Rudgea, this

may be recognized immediately by the curious broad corollas, which

are almost unique in the whole genus. The large pale narrow stipules

also are distinctive, as well as the extraordinarily broad, saucer-

shaped calyx.

Rudgea obtusa, sp. nov. — Arbuscula omnino glabra, ramulis

crassiusculis teretibus, vetustioribus cinereo-ochraceis, novellis fusco-

brunneis, internodiis abbreviatis; stipulae in vaginam 2-2.5 mm.

longam incrassatam connatae late rotundatae apice 1.5 mm. longe

subulato-mucronatae, margine setis paucis brevissimis deciduis

onusto; folia brevissime petiolata opposita crasse coriacea, petiolo

crasso 2-3 mm. longo; lamina oblonga vel anguste oblonga 6-10.5

cm. longa 2-4.5 cm. lata obtusa vel acutiuscula, interdum rotundata

et brevissime apiculata, basi obtusa usque ad subcordata, supra

lucida, brunnescens vel flavo-viridis, costa venisque manifestis sed

vix elevatis, subtus paullo pallidior, costa gracili elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere c. 6 vix prominulis gracilibus angulo

semirecto adscendentibus obliquis vix conjunctis, nervulis plerumque

obsoletis; inflorescentia terminalis crasse 8-12 mm. longe pedunculata

erecta cymoso-corymbosa trichotoma corollis exclusis 1.5-2 cm.

longa et usque ad 4 cm. lata, ramis crassis fuscis simplicibus et

266 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

apice dense pauci- vel multifloris yel prope apicem pauciramosis,

bracteis brevissimis margine brevissime setulosis, floribus arete

sessilibus confertis; hypanthium 1.5 mm. longum columnare, calyce

fere aequilongo 2 mm. lato margine brevissime inaequaliter acute

denticulate; corolla alba magna in alabastro apice late rotundata

ecornuta, tubo gracillimo 5.5-8.5 cm. longo 1.5-2.2 mm. lato supra

non dilatato fauce non barbato, lobis anguste oblongis 13-14 mm.

longis versus apicem obtusum paullo angustatis patentibus intus

glabris; filamenta 1 cm. longe exserta, antheris linearibus 4 mm.

longis recurvis; stylus inclusus capillaris glaber; baccae ovales vel

late ellipticae 8-10 mm. longae basi et apice rotundatae fere laeves. —

Brazil : Rio Arinos, Matto Grosso, December, 1914, J. G. Kuhlmann

1484-K (herb. Berol., type). Santa Anna da Chapada, Matto

Grosso, 1903, A. Robert 572b (herb. Kew.).

A striking plant because of the combination of leathery, chiefly

obtuse leaves and unusually elongate flowers.

Rudgea palicoureoides (Mart.) Muell. Arg. Flora 59: 455.

1876. Psychotria palicoureoides Mart. Flora 24, pt. 2: Beibl. 64.

1841.

The type, collected by Martius somewhere in eastern Brazil,

is represented in the herbarium of Field Museum by a photograph.

The following specimens are conspecific:

Brazil: Cuyaba, Matto Grosso, in silvula ripae rivi, November 21,

1902, Malme 2631 (herb. Stockholm); an arborescent shrub 2-3

meters high; flowers dimorphous, the corolla white. Cuyaba,

November 28, 1902, Malme (S).

In some specimens the leaves are as much as 21 cm. long and 10.5

cm. wide. They are lustrous and of a handsome yellowish green.

Rudgea recurva Muell. Arg. Flora 59: 456. 1876.

Brazil: Without locality, Sello (herb. Kew.; probably the type

collection). Organ Mountains, Rio de Janeiro, January, 1838,

Miers 4119 (K, herb. Par.). Prov. Rio de Janeiro, in 1841, Miers

4119 (K), 4116 (K). Santa Catharina, F. Mueller 452 (K), 368 (K).

Rudgea Saint-Hilairei, sp. nov. — Corollis exceptis omnino

glabra, ramulis gracilibus teretibus, junioribus brunneis, internodiis

elongatis interdum foliis aequilongis; stipulae persistentes incrassatae

in vaginam subtruncatam connatae prope basin setis paucis dense

congestis brevissimis deciduis onustae; folia brevissime petiolata

opposita subcoriacea vel crasse membranacea, petiolo crasso 2-4

mm. longo; lamina oblonga usque ad oblongo-elliptica 6.5^11.5

cm. longa 2-5 cm. lata acuta vel subabrupte breviter acuminata

basi pbtusa vel anguste rotundata, supra in sicco cinereo- vel luteo-

viridis, costa venisque prominulis, subtus pallidior, plus minusve

brunnescens, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

c. 9 prominulis gracilibus angulo semirecto vel saepius latiore adscen-

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 267

dentibus arcuatis juxta marginem conjunctis vel in marginem

desinentibus, nervulis obscuris; inflorescentia terminalis corymbosa

et capituliformi-contracta basi acuta 5-8 mm. longe pedunculata

erecta densissime multiflora c. 1.5 cm. longa et 2 cm. lata, ramis

primariis verticillatis suberectis crassis brevissimis, ramis omnibus

basi conspicue bracteatis, bracteis late oyatis obtusis c. 1 mm.

longis persistentibus, floribus congestis sessilibus; hypanthium 1 mm.

longum, calyce late campanulato 1-1.2 mm. longo subtruncato vel

breviter undulato-dentato; corolla extus minutissime puberula in

alabastro apice rotundata ecornuta, tubo crassiusculo 4-5 mm.

longo supra vix dilatato fauce non barbato, lobis 4 late triangulari-

oblongis obtusis vel acutiusculis patentibus intus glabris 2-2.5

mm. longis; antherae semiexsertae; stylus inclusus. — Brazil: Province

de Espirito Santo, 1816-21, Auguste de Saint- Hilaire B.351 (herb.

Paris, type), B.366 (herb. Paris).

Notable for the rather large and thick, nearly sessile leaves, and

for the small and exceedingly dense, flat-topped inflorescence.

Rudgea sororia, sp. noy. — Frutex 2-metralis omnino glaber,

ramulis rigidis teretibus viridibus, internodiis elongatis; stipulae

magnae persistentes distinctae late oblongae vel oboyatae 10-15

mm. longae primo virides serius incrassatae et pallidae crebre

striato-nerviae profunde multilaciniatae; folia fere sessilia opposita

crasse papyracea, petiolo crassiusculo 2-4 mm. longo; lamina

oblonga 12-15 cm. longa 4.5 cm. lata longe anguste attenuato-

acuminata basi acuta vel subobtusa, supra in sicco cinereo-viridis,

costa elevata, venis prominulis, subtus fere concolor, costa gracili

elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 9 obliquis angulo semi-

recto adscendentibus gracilibus prominentibus fere rectis vel sub-

curvis remote a margine conjunctis; inflorescentia terminalis c.

13 mm. longe pedunculata cympso-corymbosa 3-3.5 cm. longa et

aequilata, ramis brevibus, infimis verticillatis, floribus in cymulas

plerumque trifloras dispositis, flore terminali sessili, lateralibus

usque ad 6 mm. longe pedicellatis, pedicellis fructiferis rigidis;

bacca globpsa 7-8 mm. longa basi et apice rotundata fere laevis,

calyce persistente coronata; calyx corolloideus magnus campanulatus

12 mm. longus et 8 mm. latus basi obtusus, dentibus 5 triangularibus

acutis 3 mm. longis erectis; corolla alba in alabastro linearis 15 mm.

longa apice obtusa ecornuta; semina 2 hemisphaerica 5 mm. longa;

calyx fructifer usque ad 18 mm. longus. — Peru: In forest, Mishuyacu,

near Iquitos, Dept. Loreto, alt. 100 meters, May- June, 1930, G. Klug

1310 (herb. Field Mus. No. 622,234, type).

This Amazonian plant belongs to Mueller's section Carpanthus,

of which only a single species has been listed. The section is charac-

terized by its large corolloid calyx, this being persistent and accrescent

in fruit. Rudgea bacciflora Muell. Arg., the typical species of the

section, was described from Brazil, the region being unknown. It

differs from R. sororia in having a fruiting calyx only 8 mm. long.

268 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

Rudgea stenophylla (Krause), comb. nov. Palicourea steno-

phylla Krause, Bot. Jahrb. 40: 338. 1908.

Examination of a photograph and fragment of the type (Weber-

bauer 4548 from Moyobamba, Peru) shows clearly that this plant

is a Rudgea rather than a Palicourea. It is closely related to R.

microcarpa (R. & P.) Standl.

Rudgea canephorantha (Wernham), comb. nov. Psychotria

canephorantha Wernham, Journ. Bot. 55: 338. 1917.

This plant, if one may rely upon the form of the stipules, is

properly referable to Rudgea. As in other species of the genus, the

thickened setae are deciduous at an early stage of development,

and probably were not seen by Wernham, although they are conspicu-

ous enough on some of the recent collections made in Peru.

Rudgea Traillii, sp. nov. — Arbuscula omnino glabra, ramulis

gracilibus teretibus, npvellis olivaceis, internodiis elongatis; stipulae

persistentes crassae olivaceae in vaginam subtruncatam vel breviter

bilobam 2.5 mm. longam connatae, lobis dorso infra apicem setis

paucis fasciculatis pallidis 1-1.5 mm. longis onustis; folia mediocria

arete sessilia crasse membranacea oblongo-ovata vel lanceolato-

oblonga 9-11.5 cm. longa 3.5-5.5 cm. lata longe sensim attenuato-

acuminata basi obtusa vel late rotundata, supra in sicco pallide

olivacea, costa venisque non elevatis, subtus paullo pallidior, costa

gracili eleyata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 9 gracillimis

prominentibus angulo latiusculo interdum fere recto abeuntibus fere

rectis prope marginem conjunctis, nervulis prominulis inconspicuis

arete reticulatis; flores terminales sessiles capitati pauci exinvolucrati ;

hypanthium 1 mm. longum, calyce late campanulatp 2 mm. longo

brevissime et latissime lobulato, lobis late rotundatis vel subtrun-

catis; corolla immatura calyce vix longior apice rotundata ecornuta;

bacca ovalis 9 mm. longa 7 mm. lata basi et apice rotundata.—

Brazil: Porto Salvo, Rio Purus, upper Amazon, October 4, 1874,

J. W. H. Traill 424 (herb. Kew., type).

Belonging to the group of species characterized by small, sessile,

capitate inflorescences. Remarkable for the sessile leaves, broad

at the base and long-attenuate toward the apex.

Rudgea Trianae, sp. nov.- — Ramuli crassiusculi subteretes

fusco-brunnei glabri, internodiis valde elongatis; stipulae magnae

persistentes late oblongae vel ellipticae subliberae erectae c. 1.5 cm.

longae crebre striato-striatae glabrae prope apicem profunde

laciniatae, laciniis rigidis saepe pallidis; folia magna breviter petio-

lata crasse coriacea opposita, petiolo crasso 8-12 mm. longo; lamina

elliptico-oblonga, interdum supra medium paullo latissima, 17-19

cm. longa 6-7.5 cm. lata subabrupte acuta vel breviter acuminata,

acumine obtusiusculo, basin versus breviter angustata, supra in

sicco fusca vel fusco-viridis, costa non vel vix elevata, subtus brun-

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 269

nescens, glabra, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utrqque

latere c. 10 gracilibus prominentibus angulo latiusculo adscendentibus

obliquis leviter curvis prope marginem saepe revolutum conjunctis,

nervulis obscuris vix prominulis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia

terminalis erecta crasse 4 cm. longe pedunculata cymoso-paniculata

c. 7 cm. longa et 4.5 cm. lata dense multiflora basi trichotoma,

ramis superiqribus subverticillatis crassis compressis sparse puberulis,

bracteis basilaribus oblongis acutis 1.5 cm. longis, superiqribus

interdum fere 2 cm. longis oblongo-linearibus acutis vel acuminatis

patentibus crassis ciliatis, floribus sessilibus vel subsessilibus dense

cymoso-congestis; hypanthium obconicum 1 mm. longum glabratum,

calyce 5-partito, laciniis linearibus vel lanceolato-linearibus attenuatis

2.5-3.5 mm. longis dense ciliatis adscendentibus; cetera ignota.—

Colombia: Provincia de Barbacoas, 1851-57, J. Triana 1713 (herb.

Paris, type).

This plant I have referred to the genus Rudgea because of the

form of its stipules, which would exclude it from other related

groups. Otherwise it bears no close resemblance to any Rudgea

which I have seen. It is noteworthy particularly for the numerous

large bracts of the inflorescence.

A second collection of this species has appeared in a recent

collection from Colombia: Quibdo, Rio Atrato, Intendencia del

Choco, 60 meters, April-May, 1931, W. A. Archer 1921. A slender

shrub 3 meters high; flowers white; fruiting spike gray, the fruit

the color of partially ripe tomatoes.

Rudgea viburnoides (Cham.) Benth. var. latifolia, var.

nov. — Folia firme coriacea brevissime crasse petiolata, lamina qrbi-

culari late ovali vel ovato-rotundata 8-12 cm. longa et fere aequilata

apice late rotundata vel subtruncata basi rotundata vel truncata;

ceteris formae typicae omnino similis. — Brazil: Cuiaba, Matto

Grosso, October, 1914, J. G. Kuhlmann 1531 (herb. Inst. Biql. S.

Paulo No. 11654, type; fragm. in herb. Field Mus.). Sao Luiz de

Caceres, Matto Grosso, in "cerrado," a shrub 2-4 meters high, with

white flowers, September, 1911, F. C. Hoehne 4494 (herb. S. Paulo

No. 11652).

The plant is a striking variant from the typical form, which

has much narrower leaves. In other respects the Matto Grosso plant

does not appear to differ from the usual, widely distributed form.

Sabicea amazonensis Wernham, Monogr. Sabicea 47. 1914.

The species was described by Wernham from Amazonian Brazil

and Venezuela, and has not been known from any other country

until its range was extended by the following collection: Peru:

Florida, Rio Putumayo, Dept. Loreto, 200 meters, in forest, King

2085. A vine; corolla white.

270 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

Sabicea reflexa, sp. nov. — Scandens, ramulis teretibus fusco-

ferrugineis dense strigosis, internodiis foliis brevioribus; sepala

rotundato-ovata glabrata obtusa 4 mm. longa cito reflexa; folia

graciliter petiolata firme membranacea, petiolo 13-15 mm. longo

strigoso; lamina ovato-oblonga vel lanceolato-oblonga 7.5-10 cm.

longa 3-4 cm. lata obtuse acuminata basi acuta vel abrupte contracta,

supra olivacea ad venas sparse strigosa aliter glabra, subtus fere

concolor, tantum ad venas fulvo-strigosa, nervis prominentibus

utroque latere 6-7 leviter arcuatis; inflorescentiae axillares 4-7 mm.

longe pedunculatae, primo compactae, serius laxiores, multiflorae,

corollis exclusis 1-2 cm. latis, bracteis basalibus stipulis conformibus

3-4 mm. longis subdistinctis patentibus vel reflexis, ceteris reductis

et inconspicuis, pedicellis 1-2 mm. longis; hypanthium obovoideo-

globosum 2 mm. longum dense strigosum; calyx 2-2.5 mm. longus

glabratus, parte inferiore campanulata, ad medium 5-lobus, lobis

late ovato-deltoideis in siccp ferrugineis mox recurvis obtusis; corolla

alba extus dense fulvo-strigosa, tubo 6-7 mm. longo supra paullo

dilatato, lobis acutiusculis lanceolato-ovatis 2 mm. longis apice

barbatis. — Colombia: Umbria, Comisaria del Putumayo, alt. 325

meters, in forest, October-November, 1930, G. King 1782 (herb.

Field Mus. No. 641,425, type).

The relationship of the plant is with Sabicea asperula Wernham

and S. paraensis Wernham, but both those species differ in having

linear or setaceous calyx lobes. S. reflexa is well marked by its

unusually broad and strongly reflexed or recurved calyx lobes.

Schenckia blumenayiensis Schum. var. macrocarpa, yar.

nov. — A forma typica foliis minus pubescentibus capsula majore

angustiore 8-9 mm. longa glabrata paullo recedit. — Brazil: Porto

Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, in silvula umbrosa, March 3, 1902,

G. 0. A. Malme 1444 (herb. Stockholm, type).

In the typical form of the species the rather smaller leaves are

much more copiously pubescent, and the relatively broader capsule

is only 5-6 mm. long. There appear to be no other differences

between the two forms.

Of typical S. blumenaviensis the following collections have been

examined : Brazil : Blumenau, Santa Catharina, in monte de Coceiro,

Schenck 644 (photo, of type ex herb. Berol.). Without locality,

H. Mosen (herb. Paris). Serra de Caracol, Sao Paulo, December,

1873, Mosen 1372 (herb. Stockholm; probably the same collection

as the last preceding one).

Sickingia corumbensis, sp. nov. — Frutex arborescens vel arbor

parva usque ad 4 m. alta, ramulis crassiusculis rigidis ferrugineis

rimosis, novellis sparse minute adpresso-pilosulis, internodiis abbre-

viatis; stipulae deciduae erectae anguste triangulares dorso adpresso-

pilosulae; folia mediocria breviter petiolata opposita crasse papyracea,

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 271

petiolo gracili 7-9 mm. longo glabro; lamina late elliptica vel rotun-

dato-elliptica, interdum obovato-rotundata, 7.5-14.5 cm. longa,

5.5-10 cm. lata, acutiuscula vel apice rotundata et brevissime obtuse

producta, basi rotundata, interdum breviter decurrens vel brevissime

cordata, supra in sicco viridis, glabra, costa venisque prominulis,

venulis prominulis et arctissime reticulatis, subtus paullo pallidior

glabra vel ad costam minute pilosula, costa gracili elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere c. 16 in axillis minute barbatis gracillimis

prominentibus angulo latiusculo adscendentibus obliquis juxta

marginem conjunctis, nervulis prominentibus arctissime reticulatis;

inflorescentiae axillares cymoso-paniculatae dense multiflorae 2.5-3

cm. longa et aequilatae congestae 2.5-3.5 cm. longe pedunculatae,

floribus sessilibus vel interdum breviter pedicellatis, bracteis sub-

persistentibus late ovatis acutis 1.5-2 mm. longis; hypanthium

oblongo-turbinatum 3 mm. longum sparse strigillosum; calyx late

campanulatus 2.5-3 mm. longus viridis sparse strigillosus interdum

uno latere subfissus, margine irregulariter breviter obtuse lobato;

corolla in alabastro clausa ellipsoidea extus densissime lutescenti-

sericea apice obtusa 6-7 mm. longa, in anthesi fere ad basin lobata,

lobis late oblongis obtusis intus glabris recurvis, tubo lato fauce

dense longe barbato; stamina longiexserta, filamentis gracilibus

sparse longipilosis, antheris flavis oblongis 2.5 mm. longis; capsula

globosa 2 cm. diam. basi et apice late rotundata pallide brunnescens

brevissime irregulariter tuberculata. — Brazil: In silva subruderali

clara, Corumba, State of Matto Grosso, December 20, 1902, G, 0. A.

Malme 2733 (herb. Stockholm, type); April 9, 1903, Malme (S).

A well-marked species, not likely to be confused with any other

known from Brazil. The leaves resemble those of Sickingia erythro-

xylon Willd., of Venezuela.

Sickingia mollis, sp. noy. — Ramuli crassiusculi teretes rimosi

et lenticellati dense hispiduli, internodiis breyibus; stipulae non

visae; folia mediocria breviter petiolata subcoriacea in sicco fusca,

petiolo crasso 7-10 mm. longo dense velutino-pilosulo; lamina late

elliptica vel late obovato-elliptica circa 15 cm. longa et 9 cm. lata

acuta et breviter caudato-acuminata, acumine angusto attenuate

fere 1 cm. longo, basin versus paullo angustata, basi ipsa rotundata

et breviter cordata, supra glabra, costa nervisque impressis, subtus

pallidior, ubique densissime velutino-pilosula, costa elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere c. 15 gracilibus elevatis fere rectis, infimis

angulo fere recto abeuntibus, superioribus angulo semirecto adscen-

dentibus, venulis obscuris; inflorescentia terminalis crasse 1 cm.

longe pedunculata, multiflora condensata et capitiformis, floribus

sessilibus, bracteis parvis deciduis; hypanthium densissime pilo-

sulum 3 mm. longum; calyx membranaceus late campanulatus

6-8 mm. longus et aequilatus dense pilosulus profunde lobatus, lobis

late ovatis obtusis ciliatis; corolla in alabastro extus dense tomentosa.

—Colombia: Without locality, Jose Celestino Mutis 1126 (U. S. Nat.

Herb. No. 1,560,239, type; fragm. in herb. Field Mus.).

272 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

The relationship of the tree here described is clearly with Sickingia

cordifolia Hook, f., likewise Colombian, but that differs in having

leaves that are glabrous or at least glabrate at maturity, an open

inflorescence, and a short calyx.

Sipanea carnea Neumann, Rev. Hort. II. 2: 445. 1844.

This is the only plant assigned to the genus Sipanea that is not

a native of tropical America. Wernham, in his account of the species

of Sipanea (Journ. Bot. 55: 171. 1915), mentions Sipanea carnea,

but makes no attempt at a disposition of it, stating that Martius

(in Flora Brasiliensis) "leaves it without mention, possibly because

this species was based on a plant grown from seed sent from an

unnamed locality in South America."

In the Delessert Herbarium there are several sheets of Sipanea

carnea which make it possible to determine its status. In fact,

its position already had been indicated properly, as may be found

by consulting Oliver's Flora of Tropical Africa (3: 46. 1877). There,

it is true, the name Sipanea carnea is credited to "Hort. ex Hook.,"

but that name doubtless relates to the same cultivated plant as

Sipanea carnea Neumann. The plant is listed in the work cited as

Pentas carnea Benth., for which the proper name is really Pentas

lanceolata (Forsk.) Schum.

The Delessert Herbarium specimens, all of which evidently are

conspecific, are the following: Hort. Paris, July, 1844, labeled

Sipanea carnea. Jardin de Passy, June, 1845, "Sipanea carnea

Ad. Brong." "lies Maurice, de Madagascar et Comorres," in

1838, Macwilliam, "Sipanea carnea Brongn." Martinique, environs

de Saint Pierre, in 1853, Belanger 611.

The plant is a native of eastern tropical Africa. In Martinique

it is or has been in cultivation, and perhaps has become naturalized.

At any rate, Sipanea carnea need receive no further consideration

in treating of American Rubiaceae.

Sphinctanthus microphyllus Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6,

pt. 6: 354. 1889.

The species was based upon Riedel 942 and 1201 from Matto

Grosso, Brazil. A specimen of the latter number is in the herbarium

of Field Museum. Clearly conspecific are the two following Brazilian

collections: Cuyaba, Matto Grosso, in silva clara temp. pluv. plus

minusve inundata, June, 1902, G. 0. A. Malme 1872 (herb. Stock-

holm); a shrub up to 2 meters high; fruits yellow. Cuyaba, in

dumetis temp. pluv. plus minusve inundatis prope flumen Cuyaba,

November, 1902, Malme 1872a; in flower.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 273

Stachyarrhena pedicellata, sp. nov. — Omnino glabra, ramulis

crassis teretibus fusco-ferrugineis rimosis interdum yernicosis, inter-

nodiis brevibus; stipulae persistentes erectae in vaginam truncatam

ciliolatam 4 mm. longam connatae; folia breviter petiolata opposita

crasse coriacea, petiolo crasso 7-10 mm. longo; lamina oblongo-

pbovata 7-11.5 cm. longa 3.5-5.5 cm. lata obtusa vel subobtusa,

interdum brevissime obtuse protracta, basin versus breviter angus-

tata, basi ipsa acuta, supra in sicco fusco-nigrescens, lucida, costa

venisque non elevatis, subtus sublucida, pallide brunnescens, cpsta

crassiuscula elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 10 gracilibus

prominulis angulo latiusculo adscendentibus fere rectis juxta

marginem conjunctis, nervulis obscuris arete reticulatis; inflores-

centia terminalis racemoso-paniculata sessilis pauciramosa c. 8 cm.

longa, racemis paucis inferne nudis supra paucifloris, floribus pedi-

cellatis vel interdum sessilibus, pedicellis crassiusculis usque ad 5 mm.

longis saepe recurvis; calyx floris masculi late campanulatus c. 5 mm.

longus et 7 mm. latus truncatus apice subcontractus; discus valde

incrassatus; corolla in alabastro apice late obtusa extus glabra;

cetera ignota. — Colombia: Without locality, Justin Goudot (herb.

Paris, type).

The present plant, although almost certainly referable to Stachyar-

rhena, differs from the few other members of the genus in having

pedicellate flowers. The genus has been known heretofore from

Panama and from Amazonian Brazil. The present species, therefore,

helps to fill the gap in the previously indicated range of the genus.

Tocoyena (?) tabascensis, sp. nov. — Ramuli graciles fusces-

centes lenticellis pallidis notati; stipulae deciduae lanceolatae longis-

sime attenuatae fere 2 cm. longae erectae glabrae; folia majuscula

petiolata opposita membranacea, petiolo gracili 3-3.5 cm. longo

sparse hispidulo vel glabrato; lamina late oblongo-elliptica c. 20 cm.

longa et 10.5 cm. lata acuta basi subrotundata vel acutiuscula, supra

in sicco fusca, ad venas sparse pilosula, aliter glabra, costa venisque

vix prominentibus, subtus paullo pallidior, sparse ad venas hispidula,

costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 11 gracillimis

prominentibus angulo latiusculo adscendentibus obliquis leviter

curvis marginem attingentibus, nervulis prominulis laxe reticulatis;

inflorescentia ut videtur terminalis cymosa et triflora vel trichotoma

cum ramis trifloris, longe pedunculata et basi foliaceo-bracteata,

floribus sessilibus vel 1 cm. longe pedicellatis, pedicello glabro apice

bibracteolato, bracteolis oppositis oblongis glabris foliaceis 6 mm.

longis; hypanthium late obovoideum 2.5 mm. longum glabrum;

calyx 4-partitus, lobis late rotundatis ciliolatis c. 4 mm. longis;

corolla extus glabra hypocrateriformis, tubo 2.5-4.5 cm. longo medio

3 mm. lato intus dense piloso, supra paullo dilatato, fauce usque

ad 6 mm. lato, lobis 4 patentibus late obovato-rotundatis c. 12 mm.

longis intus glabris in alabastro ut videtur imbricatis; antherae

sessiles in fauce insertae lineares 6 mm. longae inclusae; stylus

filiformis glaber 1.5 cm. longus, ramis 2 linearibus 6 mm. longis.—

274 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XI

Mexico: Paso de Espejo, Tabasco, November 25, 1888, J. N.

Rovirosa 301 (herb. Kew., type).

Vernacular name, "popiste" or "popixtle."

The proper position of this Mexican plant is decidedly uncertain.

I do not believe that it belongs in Tocoyena, but it appears equally

alien in any of the other American genera of Rubiaceae. The ovary

is 2-celled and multiovulate, but the flowers are so young that

nothing more can be guessed as to the nature of the fruit. The

tribal position of the plant, therefore, may only be surmised, and

it may well be that the plant belongs in some other tribe than the

Mussaendeae. It is probable that it represents an undescribed

genus, but until more complete material may be had for study,

I am unwilling to describe it as such.

COMPOSITAE

Alomia microcarpa (Benth.) Robinson, f. Torresii, forma nov.

A forma typica corollis albis differt. — Costa Rica: La Pitahaya,

Province of Cartago, 1931, Ruben Torres Rojas 196 (herb. Field

Mus. No. 650,667, type).

One of the most beautiful sights of the Meseta Central of Costa

Rica, especially in the vicinity of Cartago, consists of the wide fields

and pastures that at certain seasons of the year become almost solid

sheets of blue because of the abundance of Santa Lucia, a plant

well known to all Costa Ricans. This handsome flower is almost

exactly like the ageratum that is so common in northern gardens.

I do not remember ever to have seen in Costa Rica white-flowered

plants of Santa Lucia, and probably the albino form here named

is a rare one.

Chrysactinia pinnata Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 25: 154. 1890;

Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 34: 181. 1916.

Of named material referable to this species I have seen only

Pringle's original collection, from Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, and

Rydberg reports the species only from Nuevo Leon. The following

recent collections have come to the writer's attention: Tamaulipas:

Sierra near Jaumave, January, 1932, H. W. von Rozynski 316. Near

San Vicente, Jaumave, January, 1932, von Rozynski 317.

Lepachys columnifera (Nutt.) Macbride, f. pulcherrima

(DC.), comb. nov. Obeliscaria pulcherrima DC. Prodr. 5: 559. 1836.

L. columnaris (Pursh) Torr. & Gray, var. pulcherrima Torr. &

Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 2: 313. 1842.

The typical form of the species has bright yellow rays. Quite

as common, usually, is the form whose rays are partly or wholly

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 275

brownish purple. This is merely a color variant, and therefore best

treated as a form rather than a variety.

Liatris elegans Willd. f. Fisheri, forma nov. — A forma typica

floribus bracteisque ad apicem pallide luteis differt. — Texas: Copperas

Cove, on hillsides near and on the highway, August 26, 1934, George

L. Fisher 3456 (herb. Field Mus., type).

While white-flowered forms have been reported for various species

of Liatris, and are not especially rare in some regions, yellow-flowered

forms apparently are decidedly rare. The collector states that both

the flowers and the long petal-like tips of the bracts are lemon-yellow

in color.

Perezia nana Gray. — In Mexico this common and characteristic

plant of the sandy desert regions is reported from the states of

Sonora, Chihuahua, and Coahuila by Bacigalupi (Contr. Gray Herb.

97: 49. 1931). It occurs also in Durango, as attested by a specimen

in the herbarium of Field Museum: Inde", Durango, November, 1927,

B. P. Reko 5292.

Perezia nudicaulis Gray. — In the Monograph of the Genus

Perezia, Section Acourtia, published recently by Bacigalupi (Contr.

Gray Herb. 97. 1931), this species is reported in Central America

only from Guatemala and Salvador. Another country may be

added to the area of distribution upon the basis of the following

collections: Honduras: Vicinity of Siguatepeque, Dept. Comayagua,

in pine forest, 1080-1400 meters, February, 1928, Standley 56235,

55861 . Llano de la Puerta, near Copan, 900 meters, January, 1907,

Pittier 1829. The plant is frequent in the grassy pinelands on the

hills about Siguatepeque. The flower heads are white.

Mr. Bacigalupi's otherwise excellent account of the Mexican

species of the genus Perezia might have been improved substantially

by the citation of the ample collections in the United States National

Herbarium. That collection contains by far the greatest number

of specimens from Mexico and Central America to be found in any

herbarium of the world, and any monograph of a group of plants

represented in those regions of tropical America must remain pitifully

incomplete unless the National Herbarium collections are taken into

account. Failure to examine them in the case of eastern botanists

engaged in monographic work scarcely can be excused upon the

ground of inaccessibility of Washington, and moreover the policy

of the National Museum always has been uniformly generous in

lending material for monographic studies.

276 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. XI

Schistocarpha oppositifolia (Kuntze) Rydb. — This essentially

tropical species is widely distributed in tropical America, and

according to Rydberg in his account of the genus (N. Amer. Fl.

34: 306. 1927) it extends northward to San Luis Potosi. A recent

collection shows that it occurs, rather unexpectedly, also in Tamau-

lipas: Jaumave, stony river valley, September 30, 1931, H. W.

von Rozynski 76.

Vernonia angusta (Gleason), comb. nov. Eremosis angusta

Gleason, N. Amer. Fl. 33: 98. 1922.

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