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BOTANICAL SERIES

FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

FOUNDED BY MARSHALL FIELD, 1893

VOLUME XVII NUMBER 2

THE LIBRARY OF THE

• F 1 5 1937

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS— VII

BY

PAUL C. STANDLEY

CURATOR OP THE HERBARIUM, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY

B. E. DAHLGREN

CHIEF CURATOR, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY

EDITOR

PUBLICATION 390

CHICAGO, U.S.A.

SEPTEMBER 28, 1937

Natural Hltory Library

BOTANICAL SERIES

FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

FOUNDED BY MARSHALL FIELD, 1893

THE LIBRARY OF THE

VOLUME XVII 1 5 IP?? NUMBER 2

UNIVERSITY Of ILLINOIS

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS— VII

BY

PAUL C. STANDLEY

CURATOR OF THE HERBARIUM, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY

B. E. DAHLGREN

CHIEF CURATOR, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY

EDITOR

PUBLICATION 390

CHICAGO, U.S.A.

SEPTEMBER 28, 1937

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

BY FIELD MUSEUM PRESS

580.5

V .17**

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS— VII

PAUL C. STANDLEY

Since publication of the sixth number of this series (in 1936)

there have reached Field Museum, from diverse sources, extensive

„ series of plants for determination, chiefly from Mexico, Central

America, and various parts of South America. Coming from regions

tf little known botanically, some of these collections quite naturally

have yielded many plants that are very clearly or presumably new.

Upon the following pages a few of these new species are described.

The largest number of the species described belong to the eco-

nomically important Moraceae, and are the result of study of the

complete series of this family obtained by Mr. B. A. Krukoff during

his several extended expeditions to the Amazon Valley. Except

for studies of the group by Dr. Adolpho Ducke, based upon his own

intensive exploration of Amazonia, the Moraceae have received

scant attention in recent years, therefore it is not surprising that

the Krukoff collections contained a large number of new trees,

especially in such groups as Ficus, Pourouma, and Coussapoa, that

have received less attention than genera like Brosimum and its

relatives.

Several other large sendings are represented here by new species.

' Especially rich in this respect is the well prepared and annotated

- series of specimens obtained in the State of Boyaca, Colombia, by

Mr. Alexander E. Lawrance. It would seem, upon reference to

\ recent monographs, that the vast majority of the Lawrance plants

p-.are proving new, and those described here by the writer are only

a few of the total number he has indicated as new.

Likewise important is another handsome collection obtained

during several seasons by Mr. Howard Scott Gentry in the Rio

o district of the states of Sonora and Chihuahua, Mexico.

Although so much of Mexico has been fairly well explored by bota-

nists, this area seems to have been virgin territory, and Mr. Gentry's

material has been found significant, not only for the rather numerous

new species it contains, but also because of the dozens of notable

extensions of range that it illustrates.

Field Museum has been particularly fortunate in receiving from

University of Texas, through Professor B. C. Tharp, several thou-

^d sands of specimens from northeastern Mexico. These, too, have

155

156 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. XVII

come mostly from new regions, and have added a great deal to our

knowledge of distribution of Mexican plants.

There must be mentioned also the extraordinary collection made

in the State of Nuevo Leon, Mexico, in 1935, by Mr. C. H. Mueller,

and forwarded for determination to the writer from the Arnold

Arboretum, through the courtesy of Dr. Alfred Rehder. A collection

so rich as this in novelties proves that much still can be learned

about the Mexican flora. In the case of this sending, as with most

of the others mentioned, there are published here only a few of the

most conspicuous of the many new plants obtained.

MORACEAE

Brosimum caniceps Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 24-metralis,

ramulis teretibus subferrugineis glabratis, novellis subdense minute

griseo-sericeis, internodiis brevibus; stipulae caducae triangulari-

ovatae usque 5 mm. longae acuminatae extus dense albido-sericeae ;

folia mediocria breviter petiolata subcoriacea, petiolo 10-13 mm.

longo crassiusculo primo minute griseo-sericeo cito glabrato; lamina

oblanceolato-oblonga vel obovato-oblonga 8-13 cm. longa 3-4.5 cm.

lata abrupte breviter acuminata vel apice rotundata vel truncato-

rotundata et in acumen breve acutum subito contracta, basin versus

sensim angustata, basi ipsa oblique obtusa vel acuta, supra in sicco

sublucida vel opaca scaberula vel fere laevis, nervis pallidis promi-

nulis, subtus paullo pallidior, scaberula vel glabrata, costa gracili

elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 9 angulo recto vel

paullo latiore adscendentibus subarcuatis prope marginem irregulari-

ter arcuato-conjunctis, venulis teneribus vix elevatis laxe reticulatis;

capitula geminata axillaria globosa cana 5-7 mm. diam., pedunculo

crassiusculo 6-15 mm. longo ut videtur interdum recurvo dense

minute albido-puberulo, bracteis basalibus parvis ovatis acutis vel

obtusissimis extus dense minute cano-sericeis, bracteolis peltatis

densissime griseo-sericeis vel puberulis, floribus masculis numero-

sissimis, antheris semiexsertis, flore femineo 1; fructus globosus 1 cm.

vel ultra diam. bracteolis persistentibus dense conspersus; semen 1.—

Brazil: On terra firma, near mouth of Rio Macauhan, a tributary

of Rio Yaco, Territory of Acre, August 9, 1933, B. A. Krukoff 5378

(type in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in herb. N. Y. Bot. Card.);

also No. 5645, collected in the same region August 25.

Rather similar to B. acutifolium Huber, which has been referred

to the segregate genus Brosimopsis, but I see no reason for separating

the present plant from Brosimum. B. caniceps is distinguished

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 157

principally by having the leaves evidently broadest above the middle,

and by its conspicuously whitish flower heads.

Brosimum Krukovii Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 54-metralis

omnino glabra, ramulis teretibus, novellis ferrugineis, cortice cito

exfoliante, internodiis brevibus; stipulae ferrugineae angustae fere

2 cm. longae attenuato-acuminatae diutius persistentes; folia inter

minora subcoriacea breviter petiolata, petiolo ferrugineo crassiusculo

circiter 6 mm. longo; lamina late ovalis vel ovato-ovalis 5-7.5 cm.

longa 3-5 cm. lata, apice rotundata vel late rotundata et abrupte

in acumen breve obtusum vix ultra 4 mm. longum contracta, basi

late rotundata vel truncata, supra plus minusve lucida, costa elevata,

nervis vix elevatis, subtus concolor, in sicco interdum brunnescens,

costa gracili valde elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter

15 pallidis teneris vix elevatis angulo lato divergentibus leviter

arcuatis juxta marginem obscure arcuato-junctis, venulis obscuris

sed arete reticulatis; pedunculus fructifer crassus 1 cm. longus et

ultra ferrugineus, cortice exfoliante; fructus juvenilis irregulariter

subglobosus aliquanto depressus bracteolis peltatis brunnescentibus

dense conspersus fere 1.5 cm. latus; semina ut videtur plus quam 1. —

Brazil: State of Amazonas, Humayta, near Livramento, Rio Livra-

mento, on terra firma, October-November, 1934, B. A. Krukoff

6656 (type in Herb. Field Mus. ; duplicate in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.).

Vernacular name Muiratinga. The relationship is with B. para-

ense Huber, an apparently common tree of the Amazon Valley,

which has relatively narrower leaves, obtuse to acutish at the base and

with a longer apical acumination, also narrower stipules.

Brosimum myristicoides Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 21-metralis,

ramulis teretibus crassiusculis, novellis ferrugineis minutissime

brunneo-puberulo-tomentellis, internodiis breviusculis; stipulae cadu-

cae angustae circiter 2 cm. longae longiattenuatae dense brunneo-

sericeae; folia breviter petiolata subcoriacea majuscula, petiolo

10-14 mm. longo minutissime puberulo-tomentello; lamina anguste

oblonga vel lanceolato-oblonga 9.5-18 cm. longa 3.5-5 cm. lata

sensim vel subabrupte acuminata, basi anguste rotundata vel obtusis-

sima, supra lucida glabra laevis, nervis venisque non elevatis, subtus

fere concolor, in sicco brunnescens, minutissime inter venulas

puberula, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

circiter 23 tenerrimis angulo lato abeuntibus fere rectis vel leviter

arcuatis juxta marginem irregulariter junctis, venulis subprominulis

arctissime reticulatis; pedunculi geminati 6-8 mm. longi crassiusculi

158 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

minute puberuli, capitulis globosis, in statu florifero vix ultra 3 mm.

diam., floribus masculis sat numerosis, bracteolis peltatis brunnes-

centibus sparse minutissime puberulis, flore femineo ut videtur 1;

fructus immaturus globosus 12 mm. diam. minute scaberulus et

bracteolis conspersus. — Brazil: State of Amazonas, Humayta, near

Livramento, on Rio Livramento, on terra firma, October-November,

1934, B. A. Krukoff 6685 (type in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in

herb. N. Y. Bot. Card.).

Vernacular name Murure. The long, narrow leaves, conspic-

uously brownish beneath, are suggestive of those of some species of

Virola (Myristicaceae).

Brosimum palmarum Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 27-metralis,

ramulis teretibus, novellis fusco-ferrugineis gracilibus minute sparse

brunneo-sericeis vel glabratis, internodiis brevibus; stipulae parvae

late triangulari-ovatae deciduae vix ultra 4 mm. longae acutae

minute sericeae; folia inter minora breviter petiolata firme mem-

branacea, petiolo gracili 8-10 mm. longo sparse sericeo vel fere

glabro; lamina oblongo-ovalis 5.5-8.5 cm. longa 3-4 cm. lata apice

obtusa vel rotundata et abrupte in acumen obtusiusculum ad 6 mm.

longum contracta, basi valde oblique obtusa vel subrotundata,

supra lucida glabra, nervis non elevatis, in sicco fusca, subtus multo

pallidior, minutissime sparse scaberula, costa gracili prominente,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 10 angulo fere recto abeunti-

bus teneris fere rectis, remote a margine in nervum irregularem

collectivum conjunctis, venulis non elevatis arete reticulatis; pedun-

culi geminati 1-2.5 cm. longi graciles sparse minute scaberuli vel fere

glabri, capitulis irregularibus sublobatis circiter 1 cm. latis bracteolis

paucis magnis brunnescentibus inaequalibus puberulis conspersis. —

Brazil: State of Amazonas, Sao Paulo de Olivenga, near Palmares,

on high land, September-October, 1936, B. A. Krukoff 8546 (type

in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.; fragment in Herb. Field Mus.).

This species has much similarity to B. potabile Ducke, found in

the same region, but that seems to differ sufficiently in its thicker,

relatively longer and narrower, long-acuminate leaves, and appar-

ently also in its shorter peduncles.

Coussapoa araneosa Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex vel arbor

epiphytica interdum ut dicitur subscandens, ramulis crassis brunneis

subdense hirtellis; stipulae dense hirtellae; folia magna longipetio-

lata firme membranacea, petiolo 4-11 cm. longo et ultra striato

brunneo hirtello; lamina late ovata vel cordato-ovata 20-45 cm.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 159

longa 12-27 cm. lata, Integra vel undulata, apicem obtusum versus

angustata, basi breviter (ad 2 cm.) cordata, sinu fere clause, vel

interdum tantum late rotundata, supra viridis scaberula et asperrima,

subtus grisea et ubique araneoso-tomentosa, costa gracili elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 16 angulo semirecto adscen-

dentibus rectis marginem fere attingentibus, venulis transversis

creberrimis arete parallelis hirtellis prominentibus; pedunculi feminei

axillares geminati monocephali valde elongati 6-12 cm. longi crassi

dense minute hirtelli, capitulis fructiferis didymo-globosis 1.5-2 cm.

latis densissime multifloris; fructus dense minutissime tomentellus.—

Brazil: State of Amazonas, Humayta, near Tres Casas, on varzea

land, September-October, 1934, B. A. Krukoff 6524 (type in Herb.

Field Mus.; duplicate in herb. N. Y. Bot. Card.); also No. 6165 from

the same region.

Vernacular name Apui. In the type collection the leaves are

merely broadly rounded at the base, while in No. 6185 they are

deeply and narrowly cordate. It is probable, nevertheless, that the

two collections are conspecific, since they seem to differ in no other

respect, and agree in the distinctive, cobwebby pubescence of the

lower leaf surface.

Coussapoa boliviana Standl., sp. nov. — Ramuli crassi dense

sericeo-tomentelli, internodiis brevibus; stipulae 4 cm. longae

angustae deciduae dense minute sericeae acutae; folia mediocria

longiuscule petiolata subrigide coriacea, petiolo circiter 5 cm. longo

striato dense tomentello; lamina subrotunda, elliptico-rotunda vel

ovato-rotunda 10-14 cm. longa 8.5-11.5 cm. lata, apice rotundata

vel rotundato-obtusa, basi rotundata et subemarginata, supra

viridis sparse scaberula asperula, nervis non elevatis, subtus paullo

pallidior ubique dense minute hirtella, ad nervos araneoso-tomentosa,

costa crassiuscula elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter

14 angulo semirecto vel paullo latiore adscendentibus rectis marginem

attingentibus, venulis transversis parallelis creberrimis prominulis;

pedunculus (unus sejunctus tantum visus) crassus 2 cm. longus

dense minute hirtellus, capitulo femineo subgloboso 8 mm. lato

densissime multifloro, perianthio dense brunneo-puberulo. — Bolivia:

Bosque virgen, Rio Vibora, Prov. Ichilo, Depart. Santa Cruz, 350

meters, October, 1926, Jose Steinbach 7567 (type in Herb. Field

Mus.).

Vernacular name Higo del monte. The type material is rather

unsatisfactory, but the form of the leaves is alone sufficient to show

that it represents a distinct and apparently unnamed species.

160 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

Coussapoa cornifolia Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 18-metralis,

trunco 18 cm. diam., interdum epiphytica, ramulis crassiusculis

ferrugineis striatis, novellis sparse strigillosis, internodiis brevibus;

stipulae 7-9 mm. longae late ovatae acutae densissime ochraceo-

sericeae deciduae; folia inter minora breviter petiolata coriacea,

petiolo crassiusculo 5-15 mm. longo fere glabro; lamina oblongo-

ovata vel elliptico-ovata 7-14 cm. longa 4.5-6 cm. lata subabrupte

longiacuminata vel obtusa et abrupte in acumen breve latum

obtusum contracta, basi obtusa vel rotundata, supra sublucida,

glabra, costa subimpressa, venulis prominulis, subtus pallidior,

ubique minutissime et densissime sub lente puberula atque ut

videtur interdum aliquanto glandulosa, costa crassiuscula elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere 6-8 angulo semirecto adscendentibus

elevatis leviter arcuatis vel fere rectis juxta marginem arcuato-

conjunctis, venulis transversis plus minusve arcuatis crebris elevatis;

pedunculi axillares geminati 1.5-2 cm. longi, inflorescentiis utriusque

sexus laxe paniculatis 2-3 cm. longis et ultra, aequilatis, ramis

divaricatis gracilibus sparse vel dense hirtellis, capitulis numerosis

longiuscule pedunculatis globosis dense multifloris fere minutis 2-3

mm. tantum diam., perianthio floris feminei glabro; stamina bene

exserta, filamento anthera multo longiore; fructus maturus non

visus. — Brazil: State of Amazonas, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, basin of

Belem Creek, in high forest, October-December, 1936, B. A. Krukoff

8897 (type in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.; fragment in Herb. Field Mus.);

also Nos. 8658 and 8755 from the same region. Near Palmares in

the same region, Krukoff 8539.

The four collections cited exhibit some variation but not more,

probably, than is to be expected within a species. The plant is note-

worthy for the relatively small, mostly acuminate leaves, and the

extremely small flower heads.

Coussapoa Eggersii Standl., sp. nov. — Ramuli crassi sparse

hispidi; stipulae angustae circiter 4 cm. longae acutae brunnescentes

dense tomentellae et sparse pilis albis adpresso-hispidae; folia inter

majora petiolata coriacea, petiolo crassiusculo 4.5 cm. longo dense

adpresse tomentuloso; lamina late deltoideo-ovata 21 cm. longa 16

cm. lata apice rotundata et brevissime apiculata, basi breviter (vix

1 cm.) cordata, supra glabra vel glabrata opaca laevis puncticulata,

subtus in sicco pallide brunnescens ubique dense minute hirtella, ad

nervos sparse in statu adulto araneoso-tomentosa, costa gracili

elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 13 angulo semi-

recto vel paullo latiore adscendentibus rectis marginem attingentibus,

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 161

venulis transversis creberrimis elevatis leviter arcuatis vel fere rectis;

inflorescentiae femineae axillares geminatae breviter pedunculatae

petiolum subaequantes, capitulis paucis racemosis breviter crasse

pedunculatis densissime multifloris dense minute hirtellis globosis

5-8 mm. latis, pedunculis densissime tomentellis. — Ecuador: El

Recreo, H. F. A. Eggers 14165 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Local name Matapalo. Related to the Peruvian C. hirsuta

Tre"cul and C. villosa Poepp. & Endl.

Coussapoa embirana Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor ut dicitur

scandens, ramulis crassis ferrugineis striatis subdense hispido-hir-

sutis, cicatricibus stipularum valde obliquis et dimidium internodii

aequantibus; stipulae latiusculae caducae 6.5 cm. longae dense

piloso-sericeae acutae; folia magna longipetiolata firme coriacea,

petiolo crasso circiter 8 cm. longo breviter hispido; lamina rotundato-

ovata circiter 23 cm. longa atque 18 cm. lata obtusissima, basi sub-

cordata vel subtruncata, undulato-subcrenata, supra in sicco pallida

opaca scaberula tactu asperula, nervis non elevatis, subtus concolor,

brunnescens, tactu aspera, ubique scaberula, praesertim in statu

juvenili ad nervos araneoso-tomentosa, costa crassa elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere circiter 16 angulo paullo latiore quam recto

adscendentibus rectis marginem attingentibus, venulis transversis

creberrimis subarcuatis prominulis; inflorescentiae masculae axillares

geminatae 3 cm. longe pedunculatae petiolo breviores paniculatae

3 cm. longae, pedunculo tomentello et hispido, capitulis paucis

longiuscule pedunculatis subglobosis circiter 6 mm. latis densissime

pilosulis, antheris breviter exsertis.— Brazil : State of Amazonas,

near mouth of Rio Embira, a tributary of Rio Tarauaca, Basin of

Rio Jurua, on varzea land, June 26, 1933, B. A. Krukoff 4994 (type

in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.; photo, in Herb. Field Mus.).

Vernacular name Apiu. Although having no particularly out-

standing characters, except perhaps the hirsute pubescence of the

branches, this Coussapoa does not agree with any of the known species

of the Amazonian Basin.

Coussapoa ficina Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 11-metralis, trunco

12 cm. diam.; stipulae triangulares caducae 12 mm. longae acutae

densissime hispidulo-pubescentes ferrugineae; folia inter majora

petiolata coriacea, petiolo crassiusculo 5-6 cm. longo ferrugineo

striato minutissime sparse tomentello; lamina late rotundo-ovata

vel late ovali-ovata circiter 20 cm. longa atque 16 cm. lata, apice

anguste rotundata, basi rotundata et breviter (vix ad 1 cm.) cordata,

162 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

supra in sicco fusco-brunnescens aspera minute scaberula, nervis

non elevatis, opaca, subtus multo pallidior, tactu mollis, ubique

minute puberula, costa crassiuscula elevata, basi 7-nervia, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere circiter 6 angulo semirecto adscendentibus

fere rectis marginem fere attingentibus, venulis transversis remotis

valde irregularibus arcuatis venulis prominulis arete reticulatis

connexis; inflorescentiae femineae axillares geminatae petiolo duplo

breviores breviter pedunculatae, capitulis vulgo 3 subglobosis 1 cm.

et ultra diam., densissime multifloris, breviter pedunculatis, peri-

anthio glabro, pedunculis crassis dense brunneo-tomentellis. —

Brazil: State of Amazonas, Manaos, along the road to Aleixo,

August-September, 1936, B. A. Krukoff 7966 (type in herb. N. Y.

Bot. Gard.; photo, in Herb. Field Mus.).

The large leaves are rather suggestive of those of certain species

of Ficus. They are distinctive in outline and pubescence.

Coussapoa Froesii Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex epiphyticus

scandens vel subscandens, ramulis crassiusculis teretibus ferrugineis

glabris, internodiis brevibus; stipulae non visae; folia majuscula

petiolata firme coriacea, petiolo crasso fusco 2.5-4.5 cm. longo

striato glabro; lamina rotundato-elliptica vel rotundato-ovata 13.5-

16 cm. longa 10.5-14.5 cm. lata, apice rotundata vel obtusissima,

basi rotundata vel emarginata, utrinque glabra laevis, supra opaca,

nervis venisque prominulis, subtus fere concolor, in sicco aliquanto

brunnescens, basi 7-nervia, costa crassa elevata, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere circiter 5 angulo semirecto vel paullo angustiore

adscendentibus leviter arcuatis vel fere rectis marginem fere attingen-

tibus, venulis transversis subremotis arcuatis vix prominulis; inflores-

centia feminea parva petiolo triple brevior breviter pedunculata

paniculata, capitulis paucis vix 2 mm. crassis globosis paucifloris

densis, perianthio glabro, ramis gracillimis hirtellis, capitulis graciliter

longiuscule pedunculatis. — Brazil: State of Maranhao, on terra

firma, Mata da Cachoeira, Maracassum^ River region, September 14,

1932, R.Froes 1907 (type in herb. N. Y. Bot. Card.; photo, in Herb.

Field Mus.).

Noteworthy for the absence of pubescence on the branches and

leaves.

Coussapoa hypochlora Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 15-21-metralis,

ramulis crassissimis teretibus pallidis in statu juvenili minute ad-

presse pallido-tomentellis, internodiis brevibus; stipulae latae 3.5

cm. longae ferrugineae acutae minute tomentellae vel glabratae

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 163

caducae; folia magna longipetiolata crasse membranacea, petiolo

gracili 4-11 cm. longo canaliculate fere glabro sed versus apicem

sparse hirsute; lamina rotundo-elliptica circiter 25 cm. longa atque

18 cm. lata, apice rotundata et brevissime emarginata, basi anguste

rotundata, supra in sicco fusco-viridis laevis, tantum ad nervos

sparse breviter hirsuta, aliter glabra, sublucida, venulis prominulis,

subtus fere concolor, viridis, in statu juvenili ad nervos sparse

breviter hirsuta aliter sparse hirtella, cito glabrata laevis, basi 5-

nervia, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter

6 angulo paullo angustiore quam recto adscendentibus rectis, venulis

transversis subremotis irregularibus paullo arcuatis venulis ultimis

arete reticulatis connexis; inflorescentiae masculae laxe paniculatae

axillares geminatae petiolum fere aequantes, pedunculo usque 5 cm.

longo minute puberulo, paniculis ad 5 cm. longis et aequilatis, ramis

dense puberulis, capitulis numerosissimis globosis vel didymo-

globosis circiter 5 mm. latis, bracteolis peltatis brunneis fere glabris,

pedunculis brevibus. — Colombia: Region of El Humbo, State of

Boyaca, 1,140 meters, in high forest, May 19, 1933, A. E.Lawrance

810 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Vernacular name Caraco. Flower heads cream-colored; a black

sap flows freely from the limbs when cut. The species is well dis-

tinguished by the thin, long-petiolate leaves which are green on the

lower surface.

Coussapoa Krukovii Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 15-metralis,

trunco 15 cm. diam., ramulis crassis, internodiis brevibus, cicatricibus

stipularum vix obliquis, novellis minute sericeo-tomentellis et

sparse hirsutulis; stipulae angustae 7 cm. longae caducae ferrugineae

attenuatae extus dense strigosae et albido-tomentosae, intus adpresso-

hispidulae; folia majuscula longipetiolata coriacea, petiolo fusco 6-7

cm. longo striato albo-tomentoso ; lamina late deltoideo-ovata 14-19

cm. longa 10-13 cm. lata obtusa et breviter apiculata, basi late

rotundata vel interdum tantum obtusa, supra in sicco opaca asper-

rima scabra in sicco brunnescens, nervis subimpressis, subtus albida,

ubique dense adpresse albo-tomentosa, ad venulas hispidula, basi

5-nervia, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

circiter 15 angulo semirecto adscendentibus rectis marginem attin-

gentibus, venulis transversis creberrimis fere rectis prominentibus,

margine obscure undulato-crenato ; inflorescentiae masculae petiolo

aequilongae vel paullo longiores laxe paniculatae 3-4 cm. longe

pedunculatae, ramis gracilibus dense minute velutino-pilosulis,

164 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. XVII

pedunculis usque 8 mm. longis, capitulis numerosis globosis circiter

5 mm. latis dense ochraceo-hispidulis, antheris bene exsertis.—

Brazil: State of Amazonas, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, near Palmares,

on high land, September-October, 1936, B. A. Krukoff 8223 (type

in herb. N.Y. Bot. Card.; photo, and fragment in Herb. Field Mus.).

Coussapoa Lawrancei Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 30-metralis,

ramulis crassis teretibus ferrugineis pilis longis patentibus hirsutis,

internodiis brevibus; stipulae angustae caducae 5 cm. longae dense

pilis longis albidis et nigrescentibus intermixtis hirsutae acuminatae;

folia magna longipetiolata crasse coriacea, petiolo gracili ferrugineo

striato 6-8.5 cm. longo sparse hirsute; lamina elliptico-ovata vel

oblongo-elliptica 17-21 cm. longa 9.5-12.5 cm. lata obtusa vel apice

anguste rotundata, basi rotundata et interdum leviter emarginata,

supra in sicco griseo-viridis laevis opaca glabra, nervis venisque non

elevatis, subtus fere concolor, sparse laxe arachnoideo-tomentosa vel

glabrata, basi 5-7-nervia, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter

16 angulo semirecto adscendentibus rectis marginem attingentibus,

venulis transversis remotiusculis undulatis venulis ultimis prominenti-

bus arctissime reticulatis connexis, margine integro vel subundulato;

inflorescentia mascula laxe paniculata petiolo duplo brevior peduncu-

lata, ramis ferrugineis gracilibus dense hirtellis et sparsius hirsutis,

pedunculis gracilibus usque 13 mm. longis, capitulis paucis subglo-

bosis ad 8 mm. latis brunneis hirtellis, antheris bene exsertis.—

Colombia: In high forest, El Humbo, State of Boyaca, 900 meters,

April 26, 1933. A. E. Lawrance 769 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Local name Caraco. "Freshly cut stems are hollow and contain

a white, gummy substance. The outer ring of bark turns black after

being cut." The species is noteworthy for the abundant, hirsute

pubescence.

Coussapoa Lehmannii Standl., sp. nov. — Folia inter maxima;

petioli crassi ferruginei striati sparse puberuli vel glabrati; lamina

late ovata 28-35 cm. longa 19-26 cm. lata apice obtusa vel anguste

rotundata et brevissime apiculata, basi late rotundata, subcoriacea,

supra in sicco fusca opaca laevis glabra, nervis non elevatis, subtus

brunnescens, ubique dense patenti-pilosa, sparse brunneo-arach-

noideo-tomentosa, basi 7-nervia, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

circiter 14 angulo semirecto adscendentibus rectis marginem attingen-

tibus, venis transversis crebris undulatis prominentibus venulis

ultimis arete reticulatis prominulis connexis; capitula feminea axil-

laria geminata crasse 3 cm. longe pedunculata didymo-globosa 1.5

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 165

cm. lata densissime multiflora, perianthio dense minute hirtello,

pedunculo dense puberulo. — Ecuador: Chacayacu, western Andes

of Cuenca, 200-800 meters, F. C. Lehmann 5606 (type in Herb. Field

Mus.).

Coussapoa orthoneura Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 11-33-

metralis, trunco 10-22 cm. diam., ramulis crassis ferrugineis sub-

angulatis sparse minute strigillosis vel fere glabris, internodiis

brevibus, cicatricibus stipularum paullo obliquis; stipulae latiusculae

fere 2 cm. longae ferrugineae acuminatae caducae dense sericeae;

folia inter minora petiolata firme coriacea, petiolo 1.5-4 cm. longo

sparse sericeo vel glabrato; lamina oblongo-obovata 7-13.5 cm.

longa 3.5-6.5 cm. lata acuta vel subacuta, rarius obtusa, basin versus

paullo angustata, basi ipsa obtusa vel anguste rotundata, supra in

sicco brunnescens opaca laevis glabra, nervis vix elevatis, subtus

fere concolor, in statu juvenili ut videtur laxe arachnoideo-tomentosa

sed cito glabrata, ad nervos sparse sericea sed in statu adulto fere

omnino glabra, basi 3-nervia vel obscure 5-nervia, costa gracili

elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere 5 angulo angustiore quam

recto adscendentibus prominentibus rectis marginem attingentibus,

venulis transversis obscuris vix elevatis, margine integro vel apicem

versus paullo undulato-crenato; inflorescentiae laxe paniculatae

axillares geminatae petiolum aequantes vel longiores, ramis puberulis

vel breviter pilosis; capitula mascula numerosissima graciliter

pedunculata vix ultra 2 mm. diam., perianthio glabro, antheris

subexsertis; capitula feminea pauca, vulgo 3, interdum 1 tantum,

globosa glabra usque 8 mm. lata, breviter crasse pedunculata.—

Brazil : State of Amazonas, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, near Palmares, on

high land, September-October, 1936, B. A. Krukoff 8518 (pistillate;

type in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.; fragment in Herb. Field Mus.).

Also No. 8967 (staminate) from the same general region, basin of

Belem Creek.

Remarkable for the small, narrow leaves with few, strongly

ascending nerves.

Coussapoa parvifolia Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor epiphytica,

ramulis subgracilibus, novellis dense foliatis ferrugineis sparse

minute strigillosis vel glabratis, cicatricibus stipularum paullo

obliquis; stipulae (bene evolutae non visae) angustae breves acutae

dense fulvo-sericeae caducae; folia parva breviter petiolata coriacea,

petiolo 7-15 mm. longo crassiusculo fere glabro; lamina lanceolato-

oblongo 5-8 cm. longa 1.7-3 cm. lata subabrupte acuta vel acumi-

166 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

nata, acumine ipso obtuso, basin versus paullo angustata, basi ipsa

anguste rotundata, supra in sicco subgrisea glabra laevis, nervis non

elevatis, subtus pallidior, tactu mollis, ubique minutissime puberula,

basi trinervia, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 7 angulo

angustiore quam recto adscendentibus fere rectis marginem attin-

gentibus, venulis transversis crebris irregularibus venulis ultimis

prominulis arete reticulatis connexis, margine integro; capitula

feminea axillaria geminata 1-1.5 cm. longe pedunculata subglobosa

7 mm. lata dense multiflora, perianthio glabro, pedunculo crassius-

culo scaberulo vel fere glabro. — Brazil: State of Amazonas, Sao

Paulo de Olivenca, near Palmares, in high forest, September-October,

1936, B. A. Krukoff 8273 (type in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.).

This has perhaps the smallest leaves of any species of the genus.

Coussapoa rhamnoides Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor epiphytica,

ramulis crassis teretibus transverse annulatis fusco-ochraceis, cica-

tricibus stipularum paullo obliquis, novellis ut videtur glabris vel

fere glabris apice dense foliatis; stipulae caducae triangulares fer-

rugineae 13 mm. longae acuminatae extus dense puberulo-tomentel-

lae; folia mediocria petiolata coriacea, petiolo gracili 1.5-3.5 cm.

longo fere omnino glabro; lamina elliptico-obovata vel ovali-obovata

8-13 cm. longa 5-8.5 cm. lata, apice rotundata atque brevissime late

emarginata, basin versus paullo angustata, basi ipsa anguste rotun-

data et interdum obscure emarginata, supra in sicco fusco-brun-

nescens sublucida glabra laevis, venulis prominulis et arctissime

reticulatis, subtus fere concolor saltern in statu adulto omnino glabra,

basi 3-nervia, nervis lateralibus utroque latere 4-5 angulo semirecto

adscendentibus leviter arcuatis in marginem desinentibus, venulis

transversis crebris undulatis prominentibus venulis ultimis prominu-

lis laxe reticulatis connexis, margine versus apicem paullo undulato;

inflorescentiae femineae laxe paniculatae petiolum fere aequantes

1.5 cm. longe pedunculatae, ramis minutissime puberulis, capitulis

paucis globosis 5-6 mm. diam. crasse pedunculatis, perianthio fere

glabro. — Brazil: State of Amazonas, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, near

Palmares, varzea land, September-October, 1936, B. A. Krukoff

8406 (type in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.; fragment in Herb. Field Mus.).

Well marked by the glabrous, somewhat obovate, few-nerved

leaves which are rounded and very shallowly emarginate at the apex.

Coussapoa subcrenata Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor vel arbuscula

subscandens epiphytica, ramulis crassis subteretibus ferrugineis stri-

atis, cicatricibus stipularum valde obliquis, internodiis brevibus,

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 167

novellis sparse hirtellis vel fere glabris; stipulae angustae caducae

2.3 cm. longae acutae dense hispidulae; folia mediocria petiolata

coriacea, petiolo gracili ferrugineo striato 2.5-5.5 cm. longo dense

breviter hirtello; lamina late elliptico-ovata vel rotundato-ovata

9-17 cm. longa 6.5-13 cm. lata obtusa, basi late rotundata vel inter-

dum anguste rotundata et leviter emarginata, supra in sicco sub-

grisea tactu asperula opaca sparse scaberula, venulis non elevatis sed

interdum subimpressis, subtus pallidior, primo dense arachnoideo-

tomentosa et albescens, serius plus minusve glabrata, basi 5-7-

nervia, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 10 rectis angulo

semirecto adscendentibus marginem attingentibus, venulis trans-

versis creberrimis fere rectis prominentibus, margine leviter undulato-

crenato; inflorescentiae masculae laxe paniculatae petiolum fere

aequantes, 1.5-2 cm. longe pedunculatae, ramis minute hirtellis,

capitulis paucis globosis 4-5 mm. diam. graciliter pedunculatis,

bracteolis dense puberulis brunneis, antheris longe exsertis. — Brazil :

State of Amazonas, Paleta, Municipality of Teffe, valley of Rio

Solimoes, on varzea land, May 21, 1933, B. A. Krukoff 4518 (type

in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.).

Ficus andicola Standl., sp. nov.- — Ramuli crassi ferruginei

striati, novellis sparse hirtellis vel glabratis, internodiis brevibus

vel elongatis; stipulae caducae ferrugineae triangulares acuminatae

1.5 cm. longae; folia mediocria petiolata crasse coriacea, petiolo

crasso 1-2.5 cm. longo glabro; lamina oblonga vel obovato-oblonga

7-12.5 cm. longa 3-6.5 cm. lata, apice obtusa vel rotundata, basi

obtusa, truncata vel saepius emarginata vel leviter cordata, glabra,

supra sublucida in sicco fusco-brunnescens, venulis prominulis

reticulatis, subtus fere concolor, costa crassa prominente, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere circiter 13 angulo lato divergentibus fere

rectis remote a margine arcuato-conjunctis ; receptacula axillaria

sessilia geminata globosa 7-8 mm. diam. glabra ut videtur maculata,

ostiolo fere piano, involucre bilobato, lobis glabris apice rotundatis

circiter 4 mm. longis. — Colombia: Highlands of Popayan, 1,500-

2,000 meters, F. C. Lehmann 5807 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

This is closely related to F. Archeri, and perhaps not really dis-

tinct, especially since both come from the same general region.

However, F. andicola seems to differ sufficiently in its larger leaves

with clearly more numerous lateral nerves.

Ficus Archeri Standl., sp. nov. — Ramuli crassi fusco-brunnei

glabri, internodiis brevibus; stipulae late triangulares 1.5 cm. longae

168 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

acuminatae caducae glabrae; folia inter minora breviter petiolata

crasse coriacea, petiolo crasso circiter 1 cm. longo; lamina oblongo-

obovata vel elliptico-oblonga 6-9 cm. longa 3-4.5 cm. lata, apice

rotundata vel obtusissima, basin versus paullo angustata, basi ipsa

late vel anguste rotundata, glabra, supra lucida, nervis venisque

prominulis, in sicco griseo-viridis, subtus paullo pallidior, costa

crassa elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 7 angulo

latiusculo adscendentibus fere rectis remote a margine irregulariter

arcuato-junctis, venulis prominulis laxe reticulatis; receptacula

axillaria geminata sessilia globosa 1 cm. diam. glabra, ut videtur

rubro tincta, ostiolo paullo elevato, involucro bilobato glabro, lobis

circiter 5 mm. longis apice rotundatis. — Colombia: Popayan, Dept.

El Cauca, May 7, 1935, W. A. Archer 3369 (type in Herb. Field Mus. ;

duplicate in U. S. Nat. Herb.).

The leaves are distinctive in shape and venation, and remarkable

for their thick texture and lustrous surface.

Ficus Eliadis Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 5-8-metralis interdum

epiphytica, ramulis crassis teretibus ochraceis vel brunneis, inter-

nodiis brevibus, novellis glabris vel glabratis; stipulae (perfecte

evolutae non visae) caducae triangulares 7 mm. longae vel ultra

densissime pilis longis fulvis subadpressis indutae; folia mediocria

longipetiolata subcoriacea, petiolo gracili glabro 2-6 cm. longo;

lamina late elliptica vel late ovalis 7-11 cm. longa 4.5-8.5 cm. lata,

apice obtusa vel interdum rotundata, basi truncata vel rotundata,

interdum late obtusa, glabra, supra griseo-viridis, opaca, subtus fere

concolor, costa crassa pallida prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere 7-8 angulo lato abeuntibus teneris fere rectis prope marginem

irregulariter arcuato-conjunctis, venulis obscuris vix elevatis laxe

reticulatis; receptacula axillaria geminata circiter 3 mm. longe

pedunculata globosa 8-13 mm. diam. glabra ut videtur viridia,

ostiolo paullo depresso, involucro parvo extus sparse breviter piloso

bilobato, lobis apice rotundatis vix ultra 3 mm. longis. — Colombia:

Guajaro, region of Barranquilla, March, 1935, Brother Elias 1290

(type in Herb. Field Mus.). Puerto Colombia, January, 1935, Elias

1421. Salgar, Puerto Colombia, January, 1935, Elias 1377.

Local name Matapalo. A species of no outstanding characters,

but I have been unable to associate it with any reported from the

northern coast of South America. It is dedicated to the collector,

who has forwarded to Field Museum an invaluable series of material

illustrating the flora of the Barranquilla region.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 169

Ficus frondosa Standl., sp. nov.— Arbor epiphytiea omnino

glabra, ramulis crassis in sicco obtuse angulatis pallide brunneis,

novellis lineolatis; stipulae perfectae non visae, 1 cm. longae et ultra,

acuminatae, caducae; folia magna petiolata coriacea, petiolo cras-

siusculo 2.5-5 cm. longo; lamina oblonga vel anguste oblonga 25-28

cm. longa 9-11 cm. lata, apice rotundata vel obtusa et in acumen

angustum acutiusculum 1-1.5 cm. longum contracta, basi rotundata

vel obtusa, supra in sicco lucida viridis, nervis venisque prominulis,

subtus brunnescens opaca, costa gracili valde elevata, nervis laterali-

bus utroque latere circiter 14 angulo latiusculo abeuntibus rectis

remote a margine in nervum collectivum irregularem conjunctis,

nervo secundario inter paria nervorum primariorum inserto et eis

parallelo sed paullo teneriore, venulis prominulis arete reticulatis;

receptacula axillaria geminata crasse 4 mm. longe pedunculata

globosa vel obovoideo-globosa fere 1 cm. lata glabra lineolis parvis

atrorubris notata, ostiolo depresso magno phyllis 2 clauso, involucre

fere 5 mm. lato non obvie bilobato ambitu irregulari. — Brazil: State

of Amazonas, Sao Paulo de Olivenga, basin of Belem Creek, in high

forest, October-December, 1936, B. A. Krukoff 8677 (type in herb.

N. Y. Bot. Gard.; fragment in Herb. Field Mus.).

The very large, almost perfectly oblong leaves are distinctive.

The receptacles as well as the involucre are covered with what appear

to be irregular, dark reddish lines, which may, however, be the

remains of weak trichomes.

Ficus Gameleira Standl., sp. nov.— Arbor 15-metralis, trunco

12 cm. diam., ramulis crassis fuscis teretibus dense annulatis apice

dense foliatis, novellis dense hirsutis; stipulae non visae; folia majus-

cula petiolata crasse coriacea, petiolo crassiusculo 2-2.5 cm. longo

hirsute fusco-ferrugineo ; lamina late cuneato-obovata vel ovali-

obovata 10-15 cm. longa 7-9.5 cm. lata apice late rotundata, basin

versus paullo angustata, basi ipsa obtusa vel anguste rotundata,

supra in sicco griseo-viridis glabra, nervis venisque non elevatis,

opaca, subtus fere concolor ochraceo-brunnescens, glabra vel tantum

prope basin costae sparse hirsuta, costa crassa elevata, nervis later-

alibus utroque latere circiter 10 angulo lato divergentibus elevatis

fere rectis prope marginem irregulariter junctis, venulis obscuris vix

prominulis laxe reticulatis; receptacula axillaria geminata magna

crasse 4-5 mm. longe pedunculata globosa 2 cm. et ultra diam. dense

minute tomentella, ostiolo magno paullo elevato, involucre bilobato

2 cm. longo, lobis apice rotundatis utrinque dense sericeis. — Brazil:

170 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. XVII

State of Maranhao, Maracassume River region, Mata da Cachoeira,

on sandy soil, terra firma, October 14, 1932, R. Froes 1938 (type in

herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.; fragment in Herb. Field Mus.).

Local name Gameleira. The relationship is evidently with F. Ur-

baniana Warb., which ranges from the West Indies to Peru. It,

however, lacks the hirsute pubescence so characteristic of the Brazil-

ian tree.

Ficus Gleasonii Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor ut dicitur parva

omnino glabra, ramulis crassiusculis fuscis vel ochraceis striatis,

internodiis brevibus; stipulae anguste triangulares caducae acumina-

tae vix ultra 7 mm. longae ferrugineae; folia parva petiolata crasse

coriacea, petiolo crasso 7-15 mm. longo; lamina anguste elliptico-

oblonga, elliptico-oblonga, elliptico-oblanceolata, rare fere lineari-

lanceolata, 5.5-12 cm. longa 2-4.5 cm. lata, rare 1 cm. tantum lata,

acuta vel obtusa, rare abrupte breviter obtuso-acuminata, basi

acuta vel obtusa, opaca, supra in sicco saepe griseo-viridis, nervis

venisque non elevatis, subtus vulgo brunnescens, costa crassa elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 11, aliis intermediis parallelis

paullo tenerioribus interpositis, angulo latiusculo abeuntibus fere

rectis versus marginem arcuato-junctis, venulis vulgo prominulis

et laxe reticulatis; receptacula axillaria geminata vel interdum

fasciculata parva 2-4 mm. longe crassiuscule pedunculata, globosa

glabra interdum maculata plerumque 5-6 mm. diam., ostiolo fere

piano, involucre parvo bilobato vix ultra 3 mm. lato, lobis apice

rotundatis glabris. — British Guiana: Upper Mazaruni River, Sep-

tember-October, 1922, J. S. De La Cruz 2396 (type in Herb. Field

Mus.), 2359. Kamakusa, upper Mazaruni River, De La Cruz 4137,

2870. Assakatta, Northwest District, De La Cruz 4267. Upper

Rupununi River, near Dadanawa, De La Cruz 1558. Wismar, Per-

saud 7. Comaka, Demerara River, riverside and woods, Persaud 228.

Local names Bird fig and Kumaka-balli. The specimens show

considerable variation, especially in leaf outline, but I am inclined to

believe that all are conspecific, unless it may be De La Cruz 4137,

which is distinguished by its extremely narrow leaves.

Ficus Haughtii Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex vel arbor epiphytica

omnino glabra, ramulis crassiusculis, internodiis brevibus; stipulae

angustae attenuatae caducae 1 cm. longae vel ultra; folia mediocria

breviter petiolata papyracea, petiolo crassiusculo 1-2.5 cm. longo;

lamina anguste oblanceolato-oblonga 11-16 cm. longa 3.5-5 cm. lata,

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 171

apice obtusa et abrupte in acumen angustum attenuatum acutum

fere 1 cm. longum contracta, basin versus longe sensim attenuata,

basi ipsa cuneato-obtusa, supra in sicco viridis opaca densiuscule

albido-puncticulata, nervis prominulis, subtus fere concolor, costa

gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 13, altero

paullo teneriore parallelo inter paria interjecto, angulo latiusculo

divergentibus fere rectis prope marginem irregulariter arcuato-

conjunctis, venulis inconspicuis prominulis laxe reticulatis; recepta-

cula axillaria geminata sessilia globosa sparse minute puberula vel

fere glabra circiter 8 mm. diam., ostiolo paullo elevato majusculo,

involucre fere 5 mm. lato bilobato, lobis apice rotundatis extus

glabris. — Colombia: Department of Sur de Santander, Camp Zarzal,

vicinity of Barranca Bermeja, Magdalena Valley, 100-500 meters,

December 15, 1934, Oscar Haught 1^66 (type in Herb. Field Mus.;

duplicate in U. S. Nat. Herb.).

Said to be known by the name Nisperillo, and to be tapped for

rubber. The long, narrow leaves, gradually tapering toward the

base, are characteristic for the species.

Ficus Krukovii Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 27-metralis glabra,

trunco 20 cm. diam., ramulis brunneis crassiusculis in sicco sub-

angulatis, internodiis brevibus vel subelongatis; stipulae (bene evolu-

tae non visae) angustae attenuato-acuminatae caducae; folia magna

petiolata subcoriacea lucida, petiolo gracili 1.5-2.8 cm. longo; lamina

elliptico-oblonga 12-20 cm. longa 5.5-7.5 cm. lata abrupte breviter

acuminata, acumine angusto 1.5-2 cm. longo, basi anguste rotundata,

supra in sicco brunnescens, costa gracili elevata, nervis venisque

quoque elevatis vel prominentibus, subtus fere concolor, costa valde

elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 14 angulo lato diver-

gentibus rectis prope marginem irregulariter arcuato-conjunctis,

venulis prominulis laxe reticulatis; receptacula axillaria geminata

crassissime vix ultra 2 mm. longe pedunculata vel fere sessilia sub-

globosa sparse minutissime tomentella vel fere omnino glabra circiter

6 mm. diam., ostiolo magno subdepresso, involucre glabro bilobato,

lobis apice late rotundatis vix 3 mm. longis patentibus. — Brazil:

State of Amazonas, Sao Paulo de Olivenga, basin of Belem Creek,

on high land, October-December, 1936, B. A. Krukoff 9002 (type

in herb. N. Y. Bot. Card.; fragment in Herb. Field Mus.). State

of Amazonas, near mouth of Rio Embira, June, 1933, Krukoff 4902.

All the receptacles seen are rather young, and it is probable that

at maturity they are somewhat larger than the description indicates.

172 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

Ficus Lawrancei Standl., sp. nov.— Arbor 9-12-metralis fere

omnino glabra, ramulis crassiusculis teretibus ochraceis, internodiis

brevibus; stipulae deciduae ferrugineae lanceolato-triangulares fili-

formi-attenuatae vix 1 cm. longae extus sparse strigosae vel glabratae

intus glabrae; folia mediocria petiolata coriaceo-chartacea, petiolo

crassiusculo 1.5-2 cm. longo glabro; lamina elliptica 11-15 cm.

longa 5-7.5 cm. lata subabrupte breviter acuminata, acumine

angusto acutiusculo, basi obtusa et trinervia, glabra, supra in sicco

fuscescens opaca, nervis venisque non elevatis, dense impresso-

puncticulata, subtus fere concolor opaca, costa gracili elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere 8-9 angulo lato adscendentibus teneris

arcuatis pallidis remote a margine irregulariter arcuato-conjunctis,

venulis inconspicuis vix prominulis laxe reticulatis; receptacula axil-

laria geminata sessilia, interdum e nodis defoliatis nascentia, globosa,

glabra, 6-8 mm. diam., ostiolo elevato, involucro bilobato 5-6 mm.

lato adpresso vel patente, extus dense strigoso vel interdum fere

glabro, intus glabro. — Colombia: Lower Chapon region, Depart-

ment of Boyaca, thick forest fringes near stream side, 900 meters,

A. E. Lawrance 175 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Ficus malacocarpa Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor, ramulis crassis

brunneis subteretibus dense fulvo-hirsutis, internodiis brevibus;

stipulae deciduae ovatae acuminatae 1 cm. longae vel paullo ultra

intus glabrae, extus dorso hirsutae, ad margines glabrae; folia inter

minora breviter petiolata coriacea vel subcoriacea subfragilia,

petiolo 5-12 mm. longo crasso dense hirsute; lamina oblongo-obovata

vel elliptico-oblonga 5.5-10 cm. longa 2.5-5 cm. lata, apice late

rotundata vel interdum obtusa, basin versus paullo angustata, basi

ipsa obtusa vel anguste rotundata, supra in sicco fuscescens tactu

asperrima, praesertim ad nervos venasque hispidula, serius glabrata,

nervis venisque prominentibus vel prominulis, subtus fere concolor,

ad nervos venasque sat dense hispidula, basi trinervia, costa crassa

elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere 4-5 angulo semirecto

adscendentibus rectis vel subarcuatis versus marginem irregulariter

arcuato-conjunctis, venis prominentibus laxe reticulatis; receptacula

axillaria geminata 2 mm. longe pedunculata globosa 8-10 mm. diam.

dense fulvo-hispidula, ostiolo prominente, involucro minuto vix

ultra 2 mm. lato patente bilobato, lobis rotundatis, extus dense

adpresso-hispidulo. — British Guiana: River banks, Curita, August,

1924, A, C. Persaud 100 (type in Herb. Field Mus.). Malali, Dem-

erara River, 1922, De La Cruz 2699. Kaietur Falls, Potaro River, DC

La Cruz 4459. Upper Mazaruni River, De La Cruz 2400.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 173

Vernacular name Kumaka-balli. An exceptionally well marked

species, noteworthy for the abundant, harsh pubescence investing

almost all parts of the plant.

Ficus Mexiae Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 10-metralis, ramulis

crassis densissime annulatis ferrugineis glabris; stipulae deciduae

anguste triangulares 2 cm. longae attenuato-acutae extus minutis-

sime obscure tomentellae vel fere omnino glabrae, intus glabrae;

folia majuscula breviter petiolata coriacea glabra, petiolo crasso

1.3-2 cm. longo; lamina anguste oblanceolato-oblonga 11-20 cm.

longa 4-7 cm. lata, apice obtusa vel rotundata et interdum sub-

apiculata, basin versus longe sensim attenuata, basi ipsa anguste

rotundata et emarginata vel breviter cordata, supra in sicco fusces-

cens opaca, nervis venisque prominulis pallidis, subtus paullo palli-

dior, costa crassa elevata pallida, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

circiter 16 angulo lato divergentibus fere rectis pallidis prominentibus

versus marginem irregulariter arcuato-conjunctis, venulis incon-

spicuis vix prominulis laxe reticulatis; receptacula axillaria geminata

sessilia globosa glabra maculata, 10-14 mm. diam., ostiolo prominulo,

involucre bilobato glabro circiter 8 mm. lato patente vel adpresso,

lobis late rotundatis. — Brazil: State of Minas Geraes, Fazenda de

Aguada, Vicosa, on stream bank, December 24, 1930, Ynes Mexia

5U7 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Local name Matapau. Noteworthy for the large, very long and

narrow leaves, broadest toward the apex.

Ficus mima Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 6-metralis omnino glabra,

ramulis crassiusculis ferrugineis, novellis striatis, internodiis brevibus;

stipulae angustae caducae longiattenuatae 3 cm. longae brunneae;

folia mediocria petiolata chartacea, petiolo gracili 1.5-2.5 cm. longo;

lamina anguste elliptico-oblonga 11-15 cm. longa 3.5-5 cm. lata

sensim acuminata, acumine acuto, basi acuta, supra in sicco pallide

viridis laevis, costa nervisque prominentibus, subtus fere concolor, in

sicco paullo brunnescens, costa crassa elevata pallida, nervis later-

alibus utroque latere circiter 17, altero teneriore parallelo inter paria

interposito, prominentibus angulo lato divergentibus pallidis juxta

marginem arcuato-conjunctis, venulis inconspicuis vix prominulis;

receptacula axillaria geminata 3 mm. longe pedunculata globosa

microscopice puberula 5-6 mm. diam., ostiolo prominulo parvo,

involucre parvo vix ultra 2 mm. lato glabro ut videtur obscure bi-

lobato sed fere integro. — Brazil: State of Matto Grosso, on shore of

174 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

creek, source of the Jatuarana River, Machado River region, Decem-

ber, 1931, B. A. Krukoff 1640 (type in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate

in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.).

In general appearance, particularly in form and color of the

leaves and in the long, narrow stipules, this plant has every indication

of belonging to the subgenus Pharmacosycea. However, if one may

depend upon the character of geminate receptacles, it is referable

actually to the subgenus Urostigma, in which it is not approached

closely by any other species. The receptacles in the type material

probably are not fully mature.

Ficus panurensis Standl., sp. nov. — Ramuli crassi in sicco

nigrescentes glabrati, novellis non visis, internodiis brevibus; stipulae

non visae; folia mediocria breviter petiolata crasse coriacea, petiolo

crasso circiter 1.5 cm. longo tomentello vel glabrato; lamina anguste

oblonga vel obovato-oblonga 8-12 cm. longa 3.5-5 cm. lata subacuta

ad obtusissima, basin versus paullo angustata, basi ipsa obtusa et

plus minusve obliqua, supra in sicco fusca glabra sublucida, costa

nervisque insigniter impressis, subtus brunnescens, praesertim ad

nervos venasque pilis longiusculis laxis fulvidis pilosa, costa gracili

valde elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere 7-10 angulo semirecto

vel paullo latiore adscendentibus elevatis subarcuatis juxta marginem

irregulariter arcuato-junctis, venulis prominentibus laxe reticulatis,

margine subrecurvo; receptacula axillaria geminata sessilia globosa

1 cm. diam. dense velutine brunneo-pilosa, ostiolo prominente,

involucre adpresso 7 mm. lato bilobato extus dense strigoso vel

glabrato intus glabro ferrugineo, lobis rotundatis. — Brazil: Panure

ad Rio Uaupe"s, 1852-53, R. Spruce 2768 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

A species apparently well marked by its leaf form and densely

hairy receptacles. It was distributed by Spruce as a new species,

under a now untenable name.

Ficus popayanensis Standl., sp. nov. — Ramuli crassi cinna-

momei subdense hirtelli, internodiis brevibus; stipulae fuscae anguste

triangulares circiter 13 mm. longae longiattenuatae minute puberulae

caducae; folia inter minora petiolata coriacea, petiolo crasso 1.5-2.5

cm. longo glabro; lamina oblongo-obovata 5.5-8.5 cm. longa 2.5-4.5

cm. lata, apice rotundata vel obtusissima et interdum obscure late

apiculata, basin versus paullo angustata, basi ipsa cuneato-acutius-

cula, supra in sicco fusco-brunnescens sublucida, nervis venisque

prominulis, utrinque glabra, subtus fere concolor, costa crassa ele-

vata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere 8-11, altero tenuiore parallelo

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 175

inter paria interposito, angulo lato divergentibus teneris fere rectis

versus marginem arcuatoconjunctis, receptacula axillaria geminata

crasse 2-3 mm. longe pedunculata subglobosa, juvenilia 4 mm.

tan turn diam., glabra vel glabrata, ostiolo piano magno, involucre

bilobato 5 mm. lato extus sparse scaberulo vel fere glabro, lobis late

rotundatis. — Colombia: Vibora, Central Andes of Popayan, 1,300-

1,600 meters, F. C. Lehmann 5608 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

At maturity the receptacles are probably somewhat or even

much larger than described, for all those seen appear to be very

young. The youngest ones are almost enclosed in the comparatively

large involucre.

Ficus ramiflora Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor epiphytica subscandens

(?), ramis crassissimis ochraceis teretibus glabris, internodiis brevis-

simis; stipulae ferrugineae caducae glabrae 3 cm. longae vel ultra

longiacuminatae; folia magna breviter petiolata coriacea, petiolo

crassissimo glabro 1 cm. longo vel paullo ultra; lamina anguste

oblanceolato-oblonga in sicco complicata 14-21 cm. longa 3-5.5 cm.

lata abrupte anguste acuminata, acumine attenuate, basin versus

longe sensim attenuata, basi ipsa obtusa vel acutiuscula, glabra,

supra in sicco fusco-brunnescens sublucida, costa venisque non

elevatis, subtus paullo pallidior brunnescens, costa crassa elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 15 angulo lato adscendentibus

arcuatis non elevatis juxta marginem arcuato-conjunctis, venulis

fere obsoletis laxe reticulatis; receptacula omnia ut videtur e nodis

ramorum vetustiorum et geminata 4 mm. longe pedunculata

globosa 5-7 mm. diam. glabra, ostiolo subprominente, involucro

patente ferrugineo vix ultra 3 mm. lato minutissime puberulo vel

fere glabro, lobis late rotundatis. — Brazil: State of Amazonas,

Humayta, near Tres Casas, on low terra firma, September-October,

1934, B. A. Krukoff 6446 (type in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in

herb. N. Y. Bot. Card.).

An exceptionally distinct species, unique among representatives

of the genus in the Amazon Basin in having the receptacles all borne

upon old, leafless branches.

Ficus regularis Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 25-metralis, ramulis

crassis in sicco angulatis brunneis glabris, internodiis brevibus vel

saepius elongatis; stipulae caducae triangulares ferrugineae acumi-

natae 8 mm. longae vel ultra; folia majuscula longipetiolata sub-

coriacea glabra, petiolo glabro gracili 2.5-4.5 cm. longo; lamina ob-

176 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. XVII

longo-elliptica vel subobovato-elliptica, supra medium saepe paullo

latior, 11-19 cm. longa 5.5-8 cm. lata abrupte breviter acuminata,

basi obtusa vel subacuta, supra opaca, costa nervisque prominenti-

bus, subtus fere concolor brunnescens, costa gracili elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere circiter 10 angulo latiusculo adscendentibus

leviter arcuatis vel fere rectis gracilibus prominentibus prope mar-

ginem arcuato-junctis, venulis vix prominulis plerumque transversis

crebris et parallelis; receptacula axillaria geminata crasse 5-6 mm.

longe pedunculata subglobosa vel pyriformi-globosa 12-14 mm.

longa ut videtur viridia glabra, ostiolo magno prominente, involucre

bilobato patente vix 4 mm. lato extus sparse strigoso vel fere glabro,

pedunculo interdum hispidulo, lobis involucri rotundatis. — Brazil:

Territory of Acre, near mouth of Rio Macauhan, a tributary of Rio

Yaco, on terra firma, August 14, 1933, B. A. Krukoff 54-88 (type in

Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Amazonas,

near mouth of Rio Embira, on varzea land, June, 1933, Krukoff 5005.

Ficus sphenophylla Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 12-metralis

omnino glabra, ramulis crassis striatis fusco-brunnescentibus,

internodiis brevissimis; stipulae caducae ferrugineae circiter 1 cm.

longae attenuatae; folia mediocria petiolata coriacea, petiolo cras-

siusculo 1.5-2 cm. longo; lamina cuneato-oblonga 8.5-11 cm. longa

3-5 cm. lata, apice late rotundata et breviter apiculato-acuminata

vel interdum fere truncata, basin versus longe cuneatim attenuata,

basi ipsa obtusa vel subacuta, supra in sicco griseo-brunnescens

opaca, nervis venisque non elevatis, subtus brunnescens, costa

gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 19, aliis 3

tenerioribus inter paria interpositis, tenerrimis obscuris angulo lato

fere recto divergentibus, fere rectis, prope marginem in nervum

collectivum subregularem conjunctis, venulis obsoletis; receptacula

axillaria et geminata, saepe e nodis inferioribus defoliatis nascentia,

interdum pluria quam 2 e nodo, 2-3 mm. longe pedunculata globosa

glabra vix ultra 5 mm. diam. maculata, ostiolo magno piano, involu-

cro bilobato glabro adpresso 4 mm. lato, lobis late rotundatis.—

Brazil : Territory of Acre, on terra firma near mouth of Rio Macauhan,

a tributary of Rio Yaco, August 9, 1933, B. A. Krukoff 5384 (type

in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.).

Well marked by the large, cuneiform leaves with very numerous

lateral nerves and obscure venation.

Ficus Sprucei Standl., sp. nov. — Ut videtur omnino glabra,

ramulis subgracilibus brunneis, internodiis plus minusve elongatis;

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 177

stipulae non visae; folia parva petiolata firme coriacea, petiolo

gracili 1-2 cm. longo; lamina obovato-oblonga vel oblanceolato-

oblonga 4-9.5 cm. longa 1.8-3.5 cm. lata, apice obtusa ad late

rotundata, basin versus sensim angustata, basi ipsa acuta vel sub-

acuta, supra in sicco fuscescens sublucida, nervis venisque non

elevatis, subtus fusco-brunnescens, costa gracili elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere circiter 12 angulo latiusculo abeuntibus

tenerrimis prominulis prope marginem arcuato-conjunctis, venulis

prominulis laxe reticulatis; receptacula axillaria geminata crasse

2 mm. longe pedunculata 3-4 mm. diam. globosa glabra, ostiolo

piano, involucro bilobato glabro vix 2 mm. lato, lobis rotundatis. —

Brazil: Prope Panur4 ad Rio Uaup£s, 1852-53, R. Spritce 2804 (type

in Herb. Field Mus.), 2499.

The numbers were distributed by Spruce as a new species, under

an untenable name. The receptacles are perhaps the smallest borne

by any American species of Ficus.

Ficus tolimensis Standl., sp. nov. — Ramuli crassi teretes

densissime pilis breviusculis ferrugineis hirsuti, internodiis brevibus;

stipulae evolutae non visae, ut videtur parvae latae dense hirsutae;

folia majuscula petiolata subcoriacea, petiolo 5-25 mm. longo crasso

dense hirtello; lamina late oblongo-obovata vel rotundato-obovata

10.5-15.5 cm. longa 5.5-10.5 cm. lata, apice late rotundata vel

obtusissima, basi anguste rotundata et emarginata, supra fuscescens

asperrima ubique dense hirtella, nervis venisque prominulis, subtus

concolor, dense subvelutine hirtella, costa crassiuscula elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere circiter 11 irregularibus angulo lato diver-

gen tibus fere rectis prominen tibus juxta marginem irregulariter

arcuato-junctis, venulis prominentibus reticulatis; receptacula

axillaria geminata crasse vix ultra 2 mm. longe pedunculata ovalia,

circiter 18 mm. longa et 12 mm. lata, basi et apice rotundata, densis-

sime fulvo-hirtella, ostiolo parvo prominente, involucro parvo bilobo

ferrugineo extus dense strigoso, lobis vix 3 mm. longis apice late

rotundatis. — Colombia: Dolores, Department of Tolima, 500-1,400

meters, F. C. Lehmann 5805 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

An exceptionally well distinguished species, remarkable for the

large and very rough leaves, and especially for the large, oval or

oblong, densely hairy receptacles.

Ficus uberrima Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor epiphytica fere glabra,

ramulis crassiusculis ferrugineis rugosis sparse minute strigillosis

vel fere glabris, internodiis superioribus brevissimis; stipulae caducae

178 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. XVII

angustae longiattenuatae 2.5 cm. longae extus minutissime puberulo-

tomentellae ; folia mediocria petiolata subcoriacea, petiolo gracili

2-3 cm. longo in statu juvenili sparse obscure puberulo cito glabrato;

lamina oblonga interdum apicem versus paullo latior 9-18 cm. longa

4-6.5 cm. lata, apice rotundata vel obtusa et subito caudato-acumi-

nata, acumine fere lineari 1-1.5 cm. longo, basi obtusa vel sub-

acuta, supra in sicco griseo-viridis sublucida glabra, costa crassa

elevata, nervis venisque prominulis, subtus brunnescens, glabra vel

glabrata, vel in statu juvenili obscure minute puberula, basi tripli-

nervia, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter

14, altero paullo tenuiore inter paria nervorum primariorum et eis

parallelo interposito, tenerrimis angulo lato abeuntibus subarcuatis

vel fere rectis prope marginem arcuato-junctis, venulis obscuris laxe

reticulatis; receptacula axillaria geminata arete sessilia globosa

dense minute puberulo-tomentella circiter 8 mm. diam., ostiolo

magno valde elevato, involucre subadpresso 6-8 mm. lato bilobato

ferrugineo extus minute puberulo, lobis apice late rotundatis.—

Brazil: State of Amazonas, near mouth of Rio Embira, a tributary

of Rio Tarauaca, June 28, 1933, B. A. Krukoff 5055 (type in Herb.

Field Mus.; duplicate in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.).

The rather handsome leaves are almost exactly oblong in outline,

the acumination abrupt, narrow, and markedly elongate. The

fruits are densely crowded near the apices of the branches.

Ficus ursina Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 15-metralis, trunco 50

cm. diam., ramulis crassis brunneis in sicco subangulatis densissime

fulvo-hirsutis, internodiis elongatis; stipulae deciduae circiter 1

cm. longae vel ultra longiacuminatae ferrugineae extus adpresso-

hirsutae; folia mediocria petiolata fragilia membranacea, petiolo

1-3 cm. longo dense hirsute; lamina oblanceolato-oblonga 10-17 cm.

longa 3.5-6 cm. lata subabrupte anguste acuminata, acumine obtuso,

basin versus paullo angustata, basi ipsa anguste rotundata vel

truncata et interdum emarginata, supra in sicco fusca asperrima

subdense hirtello-scabra, costa nervisque prominulis, subtus fere

concolor brunnescens ubique sed praesertim ad costam breviter

hirsuta, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter

17 prominentibus teneris leviter arcuatis angulo latiusculo adscen-

dentibus prope marginem arcuato-conjunctis, venulis prominentibus

sed inconspicuis laxe reticulatis; receptacula axillaria geminata

arete sessilia depresso-globosa 12-14 mm. lata densissime molliter

fulvo-pilosa, ostiolo majusculo glabro subdepresso, involucre bilobato

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 179

7 mm. lato ferrugineo adpresso extus piloso, lobis apice late rotun-

datis. — Brazil : Territory of Acre, on terra firma, near mouth of Rio

Macauhan, a tributary of Rio Yaco, August 29, 1933, B. A. Krukoff

5686 (type in Herb. Field Mus. ; duplicate in herb. N. Y. Bot. Card.).

Related to F.juruensis Warb., of the same general region, which

differs decidedly in leaf form, especially in the much fewer lateral

nerves, and also in its somewhat smaller, not depressed fruits.

Olmedia boyacana Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 12-18-metralis,

trunco 10-15 cm. diam., ramulis gracilibus in sicco fuscis dense

adpresse sordido-pilosulis, internodiis brevibus; stipulae lineari-

triangulares 6-7 mm. longae ferrugineae caducae extus adpresse

ferrugineo-pilosae; folia inter minora breviter petiolata subcoriacea,

petiolo crassiusculo 6-7 mm. longo dense fulvo-strigoso; lamina

anguste lanceolato-oblonga 6.5-13 cm. longa 2-3.5 cm. lata sub-

abrupte longiattenuata, acumine angusto plus minusve falcato apice

acuto, basi oblique acuta, supra in sicco fuscescens, tantum ad

costam subimpressam pilosula aliter glabra opaca, subtus fere con-

color primo dense fulvo-strigosa cito glabrata, costa gracili elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 13 angulo lato adscendentibus

arcuatis gracilibus prominentibus marginem attingentibus, venulis

prominulis laxe reticulatis; capitula mascula axillaria geminata 5-7

mm. longe pedunculata globosa dense multiflora circiter 8 mm. diam.,

pedunculo dense hirtello ut videtur plus minusve recurvo, bracteis

numerosis ovatis obtusis dense strigillosis, floribus dense puberulis,

antheris longe exsertis. — Colombia: Region of El Humbo, State of

Boyaca, on high, forested slopes, 1,350 meters, May 10, 1933, A. E.

Lawrance 791 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Similar to 0. tovarensis Klotzsch, in which the leaves have much

shorter acuminations and a more abundant, soft, more or less spread-

ing pubescence on the lower surface.

Perebea concinna Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 6-21-metralis,

ramulis crassiusculis ochraceis vel griseis, novellis ferrugineis dense

breviter molliter pilosis, serius glabratis, internodiis subelongatis;

stipulae caducae 10-14 mm. longae acuminatae extus dense sericeae

ferrugineae; folia magna breviter petiolata coriacea, petiolo crasso

6-15 mm. longo dense ferrugineo-pilosulo vel glabrato; lamina ob-

longa, oblanceolato-oblonga vel anguste oblonga 11-20 cm. longa

3.5-6.5 cm. lata subito breviter acuminata, acumine lato apice

obtuso vel rotundato, basin versus interdum paullo angustata, basi

ipsa acuta vel obtusa et saepius paullo inaequali, supra in sicco plus

180 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. XVII

minusve brunnescens vel lutescens laevis glabra sublucida, costa

elevata, nervis venisque obscuris non elevatis, subtus fere concolor

sublucida glabra, costa bene elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere 16-19 angulo lato fere recto divergentibus teneris inconspicuis

prominulis fere rectis prope marginem irregulariter arcuato-con-

junctis, venulis vix prominulis arete reticulatis; capitula feminea

axillaria geminata vel ut videtur interdum fasciculata brevissime

pedunculata, bracteis parvis latissimis obtusis vel subtruncatis

adpresso-pilosulis; pedunculus fructifer crassissimus brevis, capitulo

fructifero globoso 2.5-3.5 cm. diam., fructibus numerosis dense

aggregatis densissime adpresse brunneo-tomentosis irregulariter

angulatis. — Brazil : State of Amazonas, Humayta, near Livramento,

on Rio Livramento, on terra firma, October-November, 1934, B. A.

Krukoff 6687 (type in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in herb. N. Y.

Bot. Gard.), 6620. Amazonas, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, basin of

Belem Creek, in 1936, Krukoff 8955. State of Matto Grosso, near

Tabajaza, upper Machado River region, in 1931, Krukoff 1492.

It is not altogether certain that all the collections cited are con-

specific, since part of them are not in good condition for study.

Perebea xinguana Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 16-metralis, trunco

45 cm. diam., ramulis crassis ferrugineis, novellis dense griseo-puber-

ulis, internodiis brevibus; stipulae angustae circiter 1.5 cm. longae

anguste attenuatae deciduae extus dense griseo-sericeae ; folia magna

breviter petiolata firme coriacea, petiolo crasso circiter 2 cm. longo

primo dense griseo-puberulo, serius glabrato; lamina oblongo-

elliptica 24 cm. longa 12 cm. lata, apice subito caudato-acuminata,

acumine angusto attenuate apice obtuso, basi obtusa, supra in sicco

griseo-viridis lucida glabra, nervis prominentibus, venulis prominu-

lis, subtus fere concolor in statu juvenili densiuscule fulvo-puberula

cito glabrata, in statu adulto fere omnino glabra, costa gracili valde

elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 20 prominentibus

pallidis angulo lato divergentibus rectis juxta marginem arcuato-

conjunctis venulis transversis subparallelis irregularibus connexis,

venulis ultimis vix prominulis arctissime reticulatis; receptacula

mascula (tantum in statu juvenili visa) axillaria geminata disci-

formia 8 mm. (vel ultra?) lata dense multiflora, pedunculis inaequal-

ibus ad 1 cm. longis minute puberulis, bracteis numerosis arete

imbricatis late ovatis acutis vel obtusis minute adpresso-pilosulis.—

Brazil: State of Para, in high forest, upper Cupary River, plateau

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 181

between the Xingu and Tapajos rivers, September, 1931, B. A. Kru-

koff 1138 (type in herb. N. Y. Bot. Card.; photo, in Herb. Field

Mus.).

Vernacular name Muiratinga.

Pourouma elliptica Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 15-metralis,

trunco 11 cm. diam., ramulis crassis densissime fulvo-hirsutis, inter-

nodiis brevibus, cicatricibus stipularum paullo obliquis; stipulae

caducae angustae 2.5 cm. longae acuminatae extus dense fulvo-

hirsutae; folia magna longipetiolata coriacea, petiolo gracili 7-9.5

cm. longo dense breviter hirsute; lamina elliptica vel oblongo-

elliptica 17-30 cm. longa 8.5-16 cm. lata apice anguste rotundata et

brevissime apiculata, basi obtusa vel anguste rotundata, supra in

sicco brunnescens laevis, primo ad nervos costamque hispidula,

serius glabrata, nervis venisque non elevatis, subtus lutescenti-

grisea ubique dense adpresse arachnoideo-tomentosa, ad venas

nervosque hirtella, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere circiter 13 prominentibus angulo semirecto adscendentibus

rectis in marginem desinentibus, venis transversis creberrimis

parallelis prominentibus; inflorescentia mascula laxe paniculata

multiramosa petiolo longior longipedunculata, ramis dense pur-

pureo-ferrugineis puberulo-tomentellis, bracteis brevibus linearibus

fulvo-hispidulis. — Brazil : State of Amazonas, Sao Paulo de Olivenga,

near Palmares, on high land, September-October, 1936, B. A. Kru-

koff 8388 (type in herb. N. Y. Bot. Card.; photo, in Herb. Field

Mus.).

Vernacular name Mapaty. Well marked by its large, elliptic,

entire leaves, rounded or sometimes almost truncate at the apex.

Pourouma ferruginea Standl., sp. nov.— Arbor 13-metralis,

trunco 10 cm. diam., ramulis crassissimis densissime ferrugineo-

tomentosis; stipulae non visae; folia magna longissime petiolata

coriacea, petiolo crasso circiter 18 cm. longo primo ut videtur dense

arachnoideo-tomentoso, glabrescente ; lamina rotundato-ovata vel

late oblongo-ovata 26-35 cm. longa 17-23 cm. lata apice late rotun-

data et interdum breviter cuspidato-apiculata, basi late rotundata

vel saepius breviter (ad 2 cm.) aperte cordata, interdum infra medium

obscure trilobata, margine integro vel subundulato, supra in sicco

pallide brunnescens laevis glabra vel tantum ad costam nervosque

adpresso-hispidula, nervis subimpressis, subtus ubique dense ferru-

gineo-arachnoideo-tomentosa, basi 5-nervia, costa gracili elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 18 prominentibus rectis

182 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

angulo recto vel paullo latiore adscendentibus in marginem desinenti-

bus venis transversis prominulis crebris fere rectis connexis; panicula

mascula petiolo plus quam duplo brevior laxe multiramosa peduncu-

lata, ramis dense purpureo-ferrugineo-tomentellis, bracteis linearibus

fulvo-hispidulis. — Brazil : State of Amazonas, Sao Paulo de Olivenca,

basin of Belem Creek, in high forest, terra firma, October-December,

1936, B. A. Krukoff 8807 (type in herb. N. Y. Bot. Card.; photo, in

Herb. Field Mus.).

Noteworthy for the bright reddish-ferruginous tomentum of the

lower leaf surface, a character not common in the genus. Regarding

this tree Mr. Krukoff writes: "Perhaps one of the most interesting

plants recently identified by you is No. 8807, Pourouma ferruginea.

It is apparently quite rare, and although its leaves (reddish under-

neath) can be seen at a distance, a thorough search of the immediate

vicinity failed to produce another individual. The tree provided

material for only three sets. I have not seen this tree in any other

region except the type locality."

Pourouma isophlebia Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 18-metralis,

trunco 17 cm. diam., ramulis fuscis teretibus striatis, novellis dense

pallido-sericeis, internodiis brevissimis, cicatricibus stipularum parum

obliquis; stipulae caducae 3.5-4 cm. longae angustae acuminatae

densissime lucide fulvo-sericeae; folia parva petiolata coriacea,

petiolo gracili 2-3 cm. longo striato supra late canaliculate sericeo;

lamina oblongo-obovata vel elliptico-obovata 9-12 cm. longa 4.5-6

cm. lata, apice late rotundata, rare brevissime emarginata, basin

versus- paullo angustata, basi ipsa obtusa vel acutiuscula, supra in

sicco fusco-brunnescens glabra vel tantum ad costam adpresso-pilosa

opaca, nervis non elevatis, subtus pallida tomento minuto adpresso

cinereo dense induta, ad nervos costamque dense sericea, basi tri-

nervia, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter

7 angulo angusto minore quam recto adscendentibus prominentibus

gracilibus marginem fere attingentibus venulis transversis crebris

fere rectis prominulis connexis, margine integro vel apicem versus

subundulato; inflorescentiae femineae axillares 1.5-2 cm. longe

pedunculatae simplices et capitatae vel e capitulis 3 pedunculatis

paucifloris compositae, pedunculis densissime fulvo-sericeis, perian-

thio densissime sericeo stigmate magno terminate. — Brazil: State

of Amazonas, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, near Palmares, terra firma, on

high land, September-October, 1936 B. A. Krukoff 8073 (type in

herb. N. Y. Bot. Card.; fragment in Herb. Field Mus.).

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 183

Easy of recognition because of the peculiar inflorescence and the

small leaves of distinctive form and nervation.

Pourouma Lawrancei Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 12-15-metralis,

trunco 20-30 cm. diam., ramulis crassis in sicco angulatis, novellis

minute puberulis, internodiis brevibus, cicatricibus stipularum parum

obliquis; stipulae caducae magnae latiusculae 7 cm. longae acutae

minutissime puberulo-tomentellae; folia magna longipetiolata cori-

acea, petiolo gracili 8-10 cm. longo minute puberulo striato; lamina

ovata vel late ovata 17-24 cm. longa 10.5-16 cm. lata apice obtusa

vel subacuta et brevissime apiculata, basi late rotundata vel sub-

truncata et emarginata, supra in sicco brunnescens laevis glabra vel

tan turn ad costam sparse adpresso-hirsuta, nervis non elevatis, subtus

pallida ubique densiuscule adpresse albido-arachnoideo-tomentosa,

basi 5-nervia, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

circiter 14 angulo semirecto adscendentibus rectis in marginem desi-

nentibus venulis crebris transversis prominulis fere rectis connexis,

margine integro vel subundulato; inflorescentia mascula laxe corym-

boso-paniculata petiolo fere aequilonga repetite ramosa longipe-

dunculata, ramis densissime ferrugineo-tomentellis, bracteis parvis

linearibus vel filiformibus ferrugineo-tomentellis. — Colombia: Region

of El Humbo, State of Boyaea, along stream, 900 meters, March

31, 1933, A. E. Lawrance 727 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Vernacular name Cormi. "Flowers white with brown stamens;

wood used in hut construction ; a black staining substance is contained

in the inner bark of stem and in the leaves."

Pourouma Mildbraediana Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 21-

metralis, trunco 22 cm. diam., ramulis crassis subteretibus longi-

trorsum corrugatis densissime breviter pilosulis et sparse hirsutis

ferrugineis, internodiis brevissimis, cicatricibus stipularum non

obliquis; stipulae magnae coriaceae ferrugineae latiusculae 5.5-6.5

cm. longae rugosae glabrae vel fere glabrae caducae; folia majuscula

longipetiolata coriacea, petiolo circiter 4.5 cm. longo dense ochraceo-

sericeo; lamina ovata vel late ovata 14-18 cm. longa 9-12 cm. lata

obtusa, basi late rotundata vel subcordata, supra in sicco brunnescens

asperrima ubique scaberula, nervis non elevatis, subtus pallidior

griseo-brunnescens ubique minute adpresse albido-tomentosa, ad

costam nervosque sericea, ad venulas interdum hirtella, basi 5-7-

nervia, costa valde elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter

13 angulo semirecto adscendentibus rectis in marginem desinentibus

venulis transversis crebris valde arcuatis prominentibus connexis,

184 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. XVII

margine subundulato; inflorescentia mascula densiuscule cymoso-

paniculata petiolo plus minusve longior longipedunculata repetite

ramosa multiflora, pedunculo crassiusculo atque ramis primariis

dense ochraceo-sericeis, ramis ultimis dense ferrugineo-tomentellis,

floribus aggregatis, bracteis linearibus ferrugineo-tomentellis.—

Brazil: State of Amazonas, Sao Paulo de Olivenga, near Palmares,

terra firma, on high land, September-October, 1936, B. A. Krukoff

8386 (type in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.; photo, in Herb. Field Mus.).

Pourouma populifolia Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 13-metralis,

trunco 12 cm. diam., ramulis crassis in sicco subangulatis ferrugineis

sparse fulvo-hirsutis, internodiis superioribus brevissimis, cicatri-

cibus stipularum paullo obliquis; stipulae angustae caducae 8.5 cm.

longae acutae ferrugineae extus arachnoideo-tomentosae et hirsutae

intus glabrae; folia inter minora longipetiolata coriacea, petiolo

gracili 4-8 cm. longo puberulo et sparse hirsuto vel glabrato; lamina

ovata vel late ovata 7.5-12.5 cm. longa 6-8.5 cm. lata anguste acumi-

nata, basi rotundata vel obtusa, supra in sicco fusco-brunnescens

glabra vel tantum ad costam adpresso-hirsuta, opaca, nervis non

elevatis, subtus pallidior brunnescens ubique tomento minuto arete

adpresso densiuscule induta, ad nervos sparse strigosa, basi trinervia,

costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 11

angulo semirecto adscendentibus rectis marginem attingentibus

venulis transversis prominulis crebris fere rectis connexis, margine

integro vel paullo undulato ; inflorescentia feminea petiolo aequilonga

vel longior longipedunculata laxe multiflora, pedunculo puberulo

vel fere glabro apice trichotomo, ramis densissime molliter fulvo-

pilosulis, capitulis umbellatis paucifloris, pedicellis crassis circiter

5 mm. longis; fructus ovoideus 10-14 mm. longus basi rotundatus

apice contractus dense puberulo-tomentellus apice stigmate coro-

natus. — Brazil: State of Amazonas, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, near

Palmares, on varzea land, September-October, 1936, B. A. Krukoff

8427 (type in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard. ; fragment in Herb. Field Mus.).

Vernacular name Mapaty. Similar to P. longipendula Ducke,

also of the Amazon Valley, which has peduncles more than twice as

long, and lacks the hirsute pubescence of P. populifolia.

Pourouma subplicata Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 27-metralis,

ramulis crassiusculis in sicco subangulatis, cicatricibus stipularum

parum obliquis, internodiis superioribus brevissimis, novellis dense

fulvo-sericeis; stipulae caducae angustae 5.5 cm. longae extus densis-

sime lucide fulvo-sericeae, acutae, intus glabrae ferrugineae; folia

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 185

inter minora petiolata firme coriacea, petiolo 1.5-3.5 cm. longo

gracili striato dense sericeo; lamina ovali-oblonga vel obovato-

oblonga vulgo supra medium paullo latior 10.5-16.5 cm. longa 4.5-8

cm. lata, apice obtusa vel rotundata, basin versus paullo angustata,

basi ipsa obtusa, supra in sicco brunnescens lucida glabra vel ad

costam sericea, nervis subimpressis, subplicata, subtus multo palli-

dior, ubique dense pilis brevibus subadpressis fulvis pilosula sed vix

tomentosa, ad costam nervosque sericea, basi trinervia, costa cras-

siuscula elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 13 angulo

semirecto vel paullo angustiore adscendentibus rectis marginem

attingentibus elevatis gracilibus venulis transversis creberrimis fere

rectis prominulis connexis, margine apicem versus undulato; inflores-

centiae femineae capituliformes axillares 4-5 cm. longe pedunculatae,

pedunculo simplici fulvo-sericeo, capitulis paucifloris, floribus sessili-

bus, perianthio angusto circiter 1 cm. longo densissime pilis brevibus

mollibus subadpressis vel patentibus lutescentibus lucidis induto,

stigmate magno convoluto ferrugineo terminato. — Brazil: Territory

of Acre, near mouth of Rio Macauhan, a tributary of Rio Yaco,

on terra firma, August 4, 1933, B. A. Krukoff 5282 (type in Herb.

Field Mus.; duplicate in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.).

Pourouma umbellata Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 16-21-metralis,

ramulis subgracilibus teretibus vel in sicco plus minusve angulatis,

vetustioribus brunneis, novellis dense arctissime ochraceo-sericeis,

internodiis superioribus brevibus, cicatricibus stipularum parum

obliquis; stipulae caducae angustae 5-9 cm. longae acuminatae

ferrugineae extus densissime lucide fulvo-sericeae intus glabrae;

folia inter minora petiolata coriacea, petiolo gracili 2-3.5 cm. longo

fulvo-sericeo; lamina oblongo-elliptica vel obovato-oblonga, medio

vel paullo supra medium latissima, 9.5-17 cm. longa 4-7.5 cm. lata

subabrupte anguste acuminata, acumine apice obtuso, basi obtusa

vel subacuta, supra in sicco brunnescens sublucida glabra vel tantum

ad costam adpresso-hirsuta, nervis non elevatis, subtus pallida

ubique minute adpresse tomentulosa, ad costam nervosque sericea,

basi trinervia, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

circiter 12 angulo semirecto vel paullo angustiore adscendentibus

rectis marginem attingentibus venulis transversis crebris paullo

arcuatis prominulis connexis, margine integro vel apicem versus

paullo undulato; inflorescentia feminea axillaris crasse 4-4.5 cm.

longe pedunculata, floribus 3-5-umbellatis 1-1.5 cm. longe pedi-

cellatis, perianthio ovoideo 1.5-2 cm. longo dense minute sericeo,

basi obtuso, apicem versus acuminato-angustato. — Brazil: State

186 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

of Amazonas, Humayta, on plateau between Rio Livramento and

Rio Ipixuna, on terra firma, November, 1934, B. A. Krukoff 7071

(type in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in herb. N. Y. Bot. Card.).

Amazonas, Manicore, near Santa Fe, September, 1934, Krukoff 6041.

In form of the inflorescence this is much like P. isophlebia,

described above, but in that the leaves are rounded rather than

acuminate at the apex.

Pseudolmedia Krukovii Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 9-20-metralis,

trunco 10-17 cm. diam., ramulis crassiusculis, vetustioribus griseis,

novellis ferrugineis minute puberulis vel fere omnino glabris, inter-

nodiis brevibus; stipulae triangulares vix ultra 5 mm. longae acumi-

natae deciduae sparse minute strigillosae vel glabratae; folia medio-

cria breviter petiolata coriacea, petiolo crassiusculo 4-6 mm. longo

ferrugineo glabrato; lamina anguste oblanceolato-oblonga 8.5-14 cm.

longa 2.5-4 cm. lata subabrupte caudato-acuminata, acumine angusto

obtuso usque 1.5 cm. longo, basin versus paullo angustata, basi ipsa

acuta vel obtusa et plus minusve inaequali, glabra, supra in sicco

subgrisea opaca, nervis prominulis, subtus pallidior brunnescens,

costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 12

angulo fere recto divergentibus valde arcuatis, remote a margine

irregulariter arcuato-conjunctis, venulis prominulis laxe reticulatis;

capitula mascula parva plerumque e nodis defoliatis nascentia

breviter pedunculata vel fere sessilia recurva subglobosa 5-6 mm.

longa, bracteis rotundato-ovatis obtusis vel apice rotundatis puberu-

lis late imbricatis, exterioribus gradatim brevioribus, antheris ultra

bracteas bene exsertis. — Brazil: State of Amazonas, Sao Paulo de

Olivenca, near Palmares, terra firma, on high land, September-

October, 1936, B. A. Krukoff 8159 (type in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.;

fragment in Herb. Field Mus.), 8341.

Pseudolmedia Murure Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 11-metralis,

trunco 15 cm. diam., ramulis gracilibus griseis teretibus, novellis

ferrugineis glabris vel sparsissime minute strigillosis, internodiis

brevibus; stipulae angustae caducae brunneae circiter 1 cm. longae

dense lucide fulvo-sericeae; folia mediocria breviter petiolata cori-

acea, petiolo 6-10 mm. longo crassiusculo glabro vel glabrato; lamina

elliptico-oblonga circiter 14 cm. longa atque 6 cm. lata abrupte

breviter acuminata, acumine obtuso, basi obtusa vel anguste rotun-

data et paullo obliqua, glabra, supra in sicco brunnescens sublucida,

venulis minute reticulatis vix prominulis, subtus fere concolor, costa

gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 13 angulo

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 187

lato divergentibus paullo arcuatis gracilibus prominentibus prope

marginem eleganter arcuato-conjunctis venulis transversis remotis

subparallelis vix prominulis connexis; capitula feminea 1-flora

axillaria ut videtur solitaria sessilia vix ultra 4 mm. longa, bracteis

numerosis ferrugineis rotundato-ovatis obtusis, exterioribus gradatim

brevioribus, extus sparse minute sericeis, stylo bracteis plus quam

duplo longiore. — State of Maranhao, road to Gurupy, Carutapera,

on terra firma, January 30, 1933, R. Froes 2023 (type in herb. N. Y.

Bot. Gard.; photo, in Herb. Field Mus.).

Vernacular name Murure. "Bark used to cure rheumatism, and

for nerves."

NYCTAGINACEAE

Neea aeruginosa Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 12-metralis, trunco 10

cm. diam., ramulis subteretibus crassiusculis dense breviter fusco-

villosulis, internodiis 3.5-8 cm. longis; folia opposita magna breviter

petiolata sufycoriacea, petiolo crasso 8-15 mm. longo dense breviter

ferrugineo-villosulo ; lamina oblongo-elliptica 12-21 cm. longa 6-9.5

cm. lata, apice subrotundata vel obtusa et subito in acumen acutum

usque 1.5 cm. longum contracta, basi obtusa vel anguste rotundata,

supra in sicco fusca sublucida glabra, costa nervisque conspicuis sed

vix elevatis, venis manifestis, subtus fusca tactu asperula, ubique

breviter ferrugineo-puberula, ad costam breviter villosula, costa

crassiuscula elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 8

remotis irregularibus angulo lato adscendentibus valde arcuatis

versus marginem irregulariter arcuato-conjunctis, venis vix promin-

ulis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia feminea terminalis dense multi-

flora cymoso-paniculata 1.5-2 cm. longe pedunculata circiter 2 cm.

longa et aequilata pauciramosa, basi trichotoma, ramis crassis densis-

sime ferrugineo-villosis, bracteis ovato-oblongis vix ultra 3 mm.

longis obtusis dense villosulis, floribus congestis sessilibus; perian-

thium late tubulosum fere 5 mm. longum glabratum vel tantum prope

basin ferrugineo-puberulum, lobis subpatentibus latis obtusis circiter

1 mm. longis; stylus breviter exsertus. — Brazil: State of Amazonas,

Sao Paulo de Olivenca, near Palmares, varzea land, September-

October, 1936, B. A. Krukoff 8578 (type in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.;

photo, in Herb. Field Mus.).

Neea Mexiae Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex patens 2.5 m. altus,

ramis gracilibus pilis sordidis rigidis dense longihirsutis, internodiis

elongatis 4-10 cm. longis; folia inter maxima opposita vel ternata

breviter petiolata membranacea, petiolo crasso 1.5 cm. longo hirsute;

188 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

lamina oblongo-elliptica 21-29 cm. longa 9-11.5 cm. lata acuminata,

acumine ipso acuminate, basi acuta vel subabrupte acuminata, supra

in sicco fusca, primo sparse pilis longis patentibus hirsuta, cito

glabrata, subtus praesertim ad costam longe hirsuta, aliter sparse

hirsuta vel glabrata, costa crassiuscula elevata, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere circiter 13 tenuibus angulo lato adscendentibus arcu-

atis; inflorescentia feminea ut videtur dependens longissime (ad

20 cm. longe) pedunculata, cymoso-paniculata thyrsoideo-pyra-

midalis 8 cm. longa et fere aequilata, pedunculo dense longihirsuto,

ramis paniculae reflexis dense hirsutis, floribus breviter crasse pedicel-

latis, bracteis filiformibus hirtellis usque 5 mm. longis persistentibus

numerosis; perianthium roseo-brunneum 8-10 mm. longum 3-4 mm.

latum glabrum vel obscure sparse puberulum, ore contractum, denti-

bus triangularibus acutis vix ultra 0.5 mm. longis. — Ecuador: Near

Tena, 400 meters, in dense forest, April, 1935, Ynes Mexia 7151

(type in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in U. S. Nat. Herb.).

Remarkable for the very large leaves, and the exceptionally

copious, hirsute pubescence densely investing the branches and

peduncles.

Neea Krukovii Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 20-metralis, ramulis

crassis subteretibus fuscis glabris vel ad nodos sparse puberulis;

folia 3-5-verticillata vel hinc inde alterna petiolata magna chartacea

valde inaequalia, petiolo gracili 1.5-2.5 cm. longo glabro; lamina

oblonga vel anguste oblonga 9-18 cm. longa 3.5-5.5 cm. lata obtuse

acutata, basi acuta et obliqua, glabra, supra in sicco lucida fusco-

olivacea, costa nervisque prominulis, nervulisque quoque prominulis

atque laxe reticulatis, subtus opaca fusca, costa crassiuscula elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 15 angulo lato divergentibus

fere rectis versus marginem reticulato-conjunctis, nervulis prominulis

laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis paniculata 3.5 cm. longe

pedunculata ca. 7 cm. longa et 8 cm. lata, ramis crassis subpatenti-

bus dense minute sordido-puberulis, floribus dense aggregatis arete

sessilibus; fructus immaturus 7 mm. longus clavato-oblongus glaber.

—Brazil: State of Amazonas, basin of Rio Madeira, Humayta,

near Livramento, on terra firma, October-November, 1934, B. A.

Krukoff 6836 (type in Herb. Field Mus. ; duplicate in herb. N. Y.

Bot. Card.).

A species noteworthy for the large and exceptionally narrow

leaves, very lustrous on the upper surface, and almost coriaceous in

texture.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 189

Neea madeirana Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 21-28-metralis,

ramulis crassis subteretibus vel plus minusve obtuse angulatis,

densissime rufo-tomentulosis, internodiis brevibus; folia magna ad

apices ramulorum subverticillata petiolata valde inaequalia papy-

racea, petiolis crassiusculis 1.5-2.5 cm. longis dense rufo-tomentosis;

lamina obovata, obovato-elliptica vel late elliptica 7-34 cm. longa

4.5-12.5 cm. lata, apice rotundata vel obtusa vel breviter acutata,

basi acuta ad subrotundata, interdum abrupte decurrens, supra in

sicco lucida, primo dense rufo-tomentosa serius glabrata, nervulis

prominulis arete reticulatis, subtus opaca densius rufo-tomentosa,

tomento plus minusve persistente, costa crassa elevata, nervis later-

alibus utroque latere ca. 12 adscendentibus crassiusculis prominen-

tibus subarcuatis in marginem desinentibus, nervulis prominentibus

reticulatis; inflorescentia (immatura et altera fructifera tantum visae)

parva petiolo paullo longior pedunculata densissime multiflora,

floribus sessilibus vel subsessilibus, undique densissime rufo-tomen-

tosa; panicula fructifera ca. 6 cm. lata; fructus maximus ovalis

18 mm. longus 12 mm. latus basi et apice late rotundatus dense

rufescenti-tomentulosus. — Brazil: State of Amazonas, basin of Rio

Madeira, Humayta, on plateau between Rio Livramento and Rio

Ipixuna, on campinarana, November, 1934, B. A. Krukoff 7066

(type in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.).

Also No. 6902, collected near Livramento.

Vernacular name, Joao Mole. An exceptionally well marked

species, noteworthy for the large, broad leaves and the copious,

rusty tomentum found on all parts of the plant.

Reichenbachia colombiana Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex 2-3-

metralis vel ultra, ramis vetustioribus teretibus striatis ochraceis,

novellis gracilibus dense minute stellato-tomentulosis, internodiis

brevibus; folium unum sine dubio valde depauperatum tantum

visum, fere sessile late ellipticum 8 mm. longum 5 mm. latum sub-

obtusum basi obtusum, supra dense minute stellato-puberulum,

subtus pallidius dense stellatim ochraceo-tomentosum ; flores cymosi

vel ad nodos fasciculato-subumbellati, inflorescentiam elongatam

angustam efformantes, pedicellis fructiferis gracilibus 4-7 mm. longis

patenti-pilosis; perianthium anguste tubulosum ca. 8 mm. longum

1-1.5 mm. latum basi acutiusculum obscure costulatum, dense

stellato-pilosulum et pilis longioribus patentibus pilosum, dentibus

anguste oblongis 4-5 subpatentibus ca. 2 mm. longis obtusis; stamina

tubo paullo breviora, filamentis gracilibus glabris, antheris 1 mm.

longis; stylus inferne dense stellato-pilosus; fructus ovoideus fere

190 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. XVII

2 mm. longus prope basin glaber vel glabratus, apicem versus paullo

angustatus et dense stellato-pilosus. — Colombia: Arroyo de Piedras

and Luruaco, in a clearing along a trail, April 5, 1936, Armando

DugandG. 979 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

This species represents a most remarkable and unexpected addi-

tion to the flora of Colombia. In the most recent treatment of the

Nyctaginaceae by Heimerl in the Pflanzenfamilien, a single species

is recognized in the genus Reichenbachia, R. hirsuta Spreng. of Matto

Grosso, Paraguay, and Argentina. That has a minute, closely

appressed, silvery, stellate pubescence suggestive of the indument

that characterizes many members of the Elaeagnaceae. The present

plant has a quite different pubescence, of relatively lax and long

hairs, easily visible to the naked eye. In other respects the plants

are similar, so far as can be observed, and evidently congeneric. The

available material of R. colombiana bears, unfortunately, only a

single and doubtless abnormal and greatly reduced leaf. It is likely

that well developed leaves of the northern plant will reveal other

differential characters.

CARYOPHYLLACEAE

Silene chihuahuensis Standl., sp. nov. — Herba elata erecta

vel basi decumbens ca. 60 cm. alta, caule viridi tereti glabro tantum

ad vel prope nodos sparse villoso, internodiis plerumque foliis longi-

oribus; folia opposita membranacea, superiora sessilia, inferiora in

petiolum 5 mm. longum alatum contracta, ovata vel late elliptico-

ovata 6-8.5 cm. longa 3-5 cm. lata acuminata vel longiacuminata,

basi abrupte in petiolum contracta et late obtusa vel rotundata,

superiora basi subcordata, in sicco laete viridia, supra praesertim

prope basin sparse breviter pilosa, ciliata, subtus ad costam pilosa,

minute pallido-puncticulata, nervis lateralibus plerumque prope

basin nascentibus; inflorescentia laxe anguste thyrsoideo-paniculata

20 cm. longa 8 cm. lata, ramis primariis plerumque trifloris suberectis

pilis brevibus albidis plus minusve viscidis subdense villosis, bracteis

foliis similibus sed minoribus, pedicellis terminalibus gracilibus usque

3 cm. longis, floribus subnutantibus; calyx subinflatus campanulatus

1.5 cm. longus fere 1 cm. latus subdense albido-villosus albidus

viridi-nervosus, basi rotundatus, lobis late ovatis tubo plus quam

duplo brevioribus obtusis vel acutiusculis trinerviis, marginibus

hyalinis; petala ut videtur alba 2.5 cm. longa longe unguiculata,

lamina lata basi late cuneata in lacinias fere 1 cm. longas angustis-

simas apice fere filiformes partita. — Mexico: Chuichupa, Chihua-

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 191

hua, moist, shaded canyon, August-September, 1936, Harde LeSueur

637 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

A handsome plant with large flowers and broad leaves, not closely

similar to any other Mexican species of the genus.

CRUCIFERAE

Selenia mexicana Standl., sp. nov. — Herba subacaulis annua

vel biennis, caulibus valde abbreviatis vix ultra 1 cm. longis, planta

ubique glabra; folia numerosa pallide viridia ut videtur rosulata

usque 7 cm. longa bipinnatim dissecta, segmentis parvis lineari-

oblongis acutiusculis, rhachi primaria angustissime marginata,

petiolis basin versus plus minusve dilatatis vaginantibus; pedunculi

axillares graciles ad 2 cm. longis saepe flexuosis vel recurvis; siliqua

subsessilis oblongo-ovalis 17-23 mm. longa 8-9 mm. lata, apice

late rotundata, basi obtusa, anguste marginata, stylo persistente

basi valde incrassato vix ultra 2 mm. longo, valvis enerviis; semina

disciformia orbicularia hilo emarginata lucida dense punctata fus-

cescentia 5-6 mm. diam., marginata sed vix alata. — Mexico: Rare

on the plain, Arroyo Hondo, Hacienda San Jos£ de Raices, Muni-

cipio de Galeana, State of Nuevo Leon, August 1, 1935, C. H. Mueller

2327 (type in herb. Arnold Arb.; fragment in Herb. Field Mus.).

This is the fourth species of Selenia to be described, the others

ranging from southern Missouri to Arkansas, Oklahoma, Texas, and

eastern New Mexico. The Mexican plant is most closely related to

S. dissecta Torr. & Gray, in which the seeds are broadly and con-

spicuously winged, and the style much more elongate and slender.

CAPPARIDACEAE

Capparis Millei Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor pulchra 6-8-metralis,

ramulis novellis olivaceis in sicco subangulatis densissime minute

molliter puberulis, internodiis brevibus vel paullo elongatis; folia

majuscula longipetiolata subcoriacea, petiolo gracili 1-4.5 cm. longo

dense minute puberulo; lamina oblonga vel elliptico-oblonga 7-12 cm.

longa 2.5-7.5 cm. lata apice late rotundata et brevissime apiculata

vel interdum emarginata, basi anguste rotundata vel obtusa, supra

in sicco laete viridis glabra, nervis manifestis sed non elevatis, subtus

glaucescens ubique dense pilis albidis brevibus subpatentibus pilo-

sula, costa gracili prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca.

8 angulo latiusculo adscendentibus subarcuatis remote a margine

arcuato-junctis, venulis manifestis arete reticulatis; inflorescentia

terminalis corymbiformi-racemosa longipedunculata, floribus num-

192 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. XVII

erosis, pedicellis gracilibus suberectis ca. 3 cm. longis puberulis;

calyx (perfectus non visus) patens glandulis 4 magnis auctus; corolla

in alabastro globoso-ovoidea apice rotundata, pe tails latis fere 1 cm.

longis dense minute puberulis; stamina numerosa torta violacea

longissima; gynophorum in statu fructifero ca. 6.5 cm. longum

puberulum; bacca immatura subglobosa ca. 13 mm. longa basi et

apice rotundata sparse puberula vel fere glabra. — Ecuador: In sylvis

regionis tropicae prope Guayaquil, September-October, 1936, Luis

Milk 898 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

HAMAMELIDACEAE

Hamamelis mexicana Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex usque 3.5 m.

altus, ramulis vetustioribus teretibus brunnescenti-ochraceis gla-

bratis obscure rimosis lenticellis paucis elevatis conspersis, annotinis

brevibus crassis 1.5-2.5 cm. longis conspicue nodosis dense adpresse

tomento ochraceo indutis, nodis 4-7, novellis similiter tomento

brunnescente indutis; folia ad anthesin persistentia crasse membran-

acea, petiolis solemniter inaequalibus, foliorum inferiorum 8-10 mm.

tantum longis, foliorum apicalium 2-2.5 cm. longis, densissime minute

stellato-tomentellis; lamina ambitu rotundato-obovata 5.5-7.5 cm.

longa 4-6 cm. lata, apice obtusa vel rotundata, basin versus interdum

subcuneatim angustata, basi ipsa valde inaequali, latere interiore

3-4 mm. breviore, margine insigniter sinuato-undulato, lamina supra

in sicco fusca subdense minute stellato-pilosula, pilis non intertextis,

nervis subimpressis, subtus densissime pilis paullo majoribus stellatis

ochraceis mollibus pilosa, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere 5-6 angulo recto vel angustiore adscendentibus rectis

marginem attingentibus, venulis manifestis prominulis laxe reti-

culatis; flores aesti vales; pedunculi e nodis annotinis nascentes crassi

3-4 mm. longi dense stellato-tomentosi plerumque triflori; calyx ca.

4 mm. longus extus densissime stellato-tomentosus, intus glaber,

lobis ovalibus apice rotundatis; petala pallide lutea liguliformia 10-13

mm. longa paullo ultra 1 mm. lata glabra, apice anguste rotundata

vel subtruncata. — Mexico: Abundant along the bank of an arroyo,

"just beyond west puerto, Potrero Redondo to west to Puerto de la

Laguna Sanchez and beyond," Municipio de Villa Santiago, State

of Nuevo Leon, in flower, July 5, 1935, C. H. Mueller 2116 (type in

Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in herb. Arnold Arb.).

The large collection of plants obtained in 1935 in the State of

Nuevo Leon, Mexico, by Mr. C. H. Mueller, forwarded for determina-

tion to the writer through the courtesy of Dr. Alfred Rehder, has

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 193

proved to contain a surprisingly large number of plants of much

more than ordinary interest. Some indicate unexpected extensions

of range, others are second collections of species known previously

only from the type collection, a large number are new, and several,

like this Hamamelis, represent new generic records for Mexico.

Of all these noteworthy plants none has so much interest or was

so unexpected as Hamamelis mexicana. At first glance it was

assumed to be a quite distinct new species, as was to be presumed

from the fact that it is far isolated from the nearest known occurrence

of the genus, in Oklahoma and eastern Texas. Such cases of inter-

rupted distribution are, however, not unknown in the Mexican flora,

as might be proved by the citation of a considerable number of herba-

ceous and woody plants. More careful study led me to believe that

the Mexican plant was probably only a variety of H. vernalis Sarg.,

which it resembles in many respects — in fact, most of the species

of this small genus are much alike in superficial characters, although

apparently well enough distinguished if examined by one who under-

stands the characters by which they are best separated.

Dr. Edgar F. Anderson kindly examined the Mexican collection,

and pointed out its distinctive characters, stating his belief that it

was sufficiently distinct to be rated as a species. He indicated its

close relationship to H. macrophylla Pursh, which it resembles in

leaf shape and especially in the distinctive form of the flowering

branches, i.e., those of the preceding year.

The most easily perceptible character of H. mexicana is the

greatly elongate petiole of the terminal leaf of each branchlet.

Although such an elongation is suggested in a few of the United

Species specimens, usually there is no indication of it at all, and

never does it reach the degree seen in the Mexican shrub.

No notes are given by the collector regarding the habit of H.

mexicana, so it is not known whether the bushes grow in clumps and

produce suckers, as in H. vernalis, or whether they are isolated and

suckerless, as in H. virginiana. The time of flowering, in mid-

summer of the North, midway between H. vernalis on the one hand

and H. virginiana and H. macrophylla on the other, is curious, but

rather natural. Apparently H. mexicana is essentially vernal in

flowering, the blossoms opening after the summer rains, which in

New Mexico and northeastern Mexico produce a climatic condition

comparable with that produced in the North by the spring increase

in temperature.

194 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

ROSAGEAE

Primus novoleontis Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 11-metralis,

trunco 25 cm. diam., ramulis gracilibus ferrugineis pallido-lenti-

cellatis, novellis hirtellis; folia mediocria breviter petiolata papyra-

cea, petiolo 1-1.5 cm. longo dense ferrugineo-piloso; lamina elliptico-

oblonga vel oblongo-ovata 5-10.5 cm. longa 3-4.5 cm. lata obtusa vel

acuta, basi plus minusve inaequilaterali obtusa vel subrotundata,

dense crenato-serrata, serraturis angustis valde incurvis, supra in

sicco fusca lucida glabra, costa subimpressa, venulis prominulis arete

reticulatis, subtus pallidior rufescens, ubique dense pilis brevibus

rufescentibus hirsuta, costa gracili prominente, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere ca. 10 angulo latiusculo adscendentibus arcuatis;

flores racemosi, racemis lateralibus ramos foliates breves termi-

nantibus pedunculatis laxe multifloris ca. 9 cm. longis dense pilosis,

pedicellis fructiferis 5-8 mm. longis paten tibus sparse pilosis vel

glabratis; calyx sub fructum persistens 5-6 mm. latus patens glabra-

tus; drupa globosa in sicco 8 mm. diam. glabra apice rotundata et

apiculata.— Mexico: Common along various arroyos, Potrero Re-

dondo west to Puerto de la Laguna Sanchez and beyond, Municipio

de Villa Santiago, State of Nuevo Leon, July 5, 1935, C. H. Mueller

2118 (type in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in herb. Arnold Arb.).

From both of the related species, P. Capuli Cav. and P. virens

(Woot. & Standl.) Standl., this differs in the dense pubescence of the

lower leaf surface.

Primus Gentry! Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor, ramulis ferrugineis

rugosis, novellis olivaceis minutissime fere microscopice puberulis,

internodiis brevissimis; folia parva petiolata papyracea, petiolo

gracili 7-9 mm. longo glabro; lamina oblongo-lanceolata 3.5-4.5 cm.

longa 12-17 mm. lata apicem acutum vel subobtusum versus sensim

attenuata, basi obtusa vel anguste rotundata, integra, supra in sicco

olivacea sublucida glabra, costa subimpressa, nervis obsoletis, subtus

paullo pallidior glabra, costa gracili prominente, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere ca. 8 arcuatis obscuris, venis obsoletis, margine prope

basin utroque latere glandulis 1 vel 2 onusto; flores racemosi, racemis

axillaribus efoliatis pedunculo brevi incluso 3-3.5 cm. longis laxe

pauci- vel multifloris, axi striato sparse minute pilosulo vel fere gla-

bro, pedicellis crassis 4-5 mm. longis paten tibus; calyx sub fructum

persistens reflexus ca. 7 mm. latus, lobis ovalibus apice rotundatis

viridescentibus glabris integris vel remote dentatis; drupa ovoidea

7-9 mm. longa apice subangustata glabra. — Mexico: Sierra Canelo,

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 195

Rio Mayo, Sonora, in pine-oak country, growing by a stream,

August 30, 1936, Howard Scott Gentry 2514 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

The Warihio name is reported as Wasiki. The fruit is eaten;

the wood is employed for tool handles. The relationship of the

species is with the large-leaved P. rhamnoides Koehne of Mexico.

LEGUMINOSAE

Lonchocarpus Lindsay! Standl., sp. nov. — Ramuli crassi fusco-

ferruginei teretes, novellis glabris pallide elevato-lenticellatis dense

foliatis; folia parva petiolata, petiolo cum rhachi 5.5-7.5 cm. longo

glabro supra canaliculate ; foliola circiter 11, 1-2 mm. longe petiolu-

lata late ovata, ovalia vel oblongo-elliptica 1-2.5 cm. longa 7-13 mm.

lata apice rotundata vel late obtusa et saepius brevissime emarginata,

basi obtusa vel rotundata, crasse membranacea, glabra, supra

cinereo-viridia opaca, costa subimpressa, nervis obsoletis, subtus fere

concoloria, costa gracili elevata, venulis obscuris minute reticulatis;

racemi axillares simplices pedunculati foliis longiores laxe multiflori

usque 12 cm. longis, rhachi sparse minute puberula vel fere glabra,

pedicellis 2-3 mm. longis; calyx glaber latissime campanulatus 2.5

mm. longus 4 mm. latus, margine integro vel subintegro; petala

glabra, vexillo 8 mm. longo et aequilato apice retuso; legumen anguste

oblongum valde compressum 3-5.5 cm. longum 10-12 mm. latum

glabrum apice acutum vel rotundatum et abrupte breviter rostratum,

basi acutum, sessile, marginibus tenuibus nullo modo incrassatis;

semina vulgo 1-3. — Panama: Back of Bejuco, November 7, 1936,

Walter L. Lindsay 446 (type in Herb. Field Mus.). Also No. 399,

collected at the same locality (in flower) July 27, 1936.

Distinct from most other species of the region in its exceptionally

small and very obtuse or rounded leaflets.

Parosela scoparia (Gray) Heller, f. Arsenei Standl., f. nov. — A

forma typica petalis violaceis insigni non nisi corolla alba differt. —

New Mexico: Four miles north of Bernalillo, 1,600 meters, September

4, 1927, Brother G. Arsene 18988 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

This broom-like, usually leafless shrub, a characteristic plant

of the lower desert region of New Mexico, bears normally rather

handsome, violet flowers. An aberrant form with pure white flowers

was scarcely to be expected.

RUTACEAE

Amyris Marshii Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex vel arbor omnino

glabra, ramulis crassis teretibus fuscis rugosis lenticellatis, novellis

196 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

olivaceis dense glanduloso-punctatis, internodiis brevibus; folia

parva breviter petiolata subcoriacea in sicco olivacea utrinque fusco-

glanduloso-punctata, petiolo 5-13 mm. longo; lamina in sicco saepe

complicata ovata vel elliptico-ovata 4-6.5 cm. longa 2-3.3 cm. lata,

apicem obtusum vel acutum versus angustata, basi obtusa vel

rotundata, supra sublucida, venis prominulis, subtus concolor, costa

gracili prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 7 angulo

latiusculo adscendentibus arcuatis prope marginem arcuato-junctis,

venulis prominulis arete reticulatis, margine integro; inflorescentia

terminalis paniculata pedunculata circiter 4 cm. longa atque 3 cm.

lata subdense multiflora erecta, ramis primariis brevibus angulo lato

adscendentibus, bracteis late ovatis acutis minus quam 1 mm.

longis, floribus aggregato-cymosis sessilibus vel brevissime crasse

pedicellatis; calyx 1 mm. longus 1.5 mm. latus brevissime remote

dentatus, dentibus latis acutiusculis, dense glanduloso-punctatus;

petala ovalia vel late oblonga dense punctata 2.5-3 mm. longa apice

rotundata glabra; stamina inaequalia petala aequantia, filamentis

glabris crassiusculis, antheris parvis subglobosis; ovarium glabrum.—

Mexico: Muzquiz, Coahuila, Spring of 1935, Ernest G. Marsh 66

(type in Herb. Field Mus.); July, 1936, Marsh 253 and 307.

Related to A. monophylla Brandeg., of Oaxaca and Puebla, which

differs in having shorter-petiolate leaves, smaller inflorescences, and

rounded calyx lobes.

DICHAPETALACEAE

Dichapetalum chiapasense Standl., sp. nov. — Ramuli cras-

siusculi angulati fuscescentes, novelli minute fulvo-tomentulosi vel

glabrati, internodiis brevibus paullo ultra 1 cm. longis; folia medio-

cria breviter petiolata coriacea, petiolo crasso 5-8 mm. longo tomen-

tuloso vel glabrato; lamina anguste lanceolato-oblonga 8.5-12.5 cm.

longa 2-3.5 cm. lata sensim longiacuminata, basin versus paullo

angustata, basi ipsa anguste rotundata vel obtusa et paullo inaequali,

supra in sicco fusco-olivacea, glabra vel ad costam paullo tomentu-

losa, costa impressa, nervis prominulis, subtus concolor primo ad

nervos venasque sparse pilosa serius fere glabra, costa gracili elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 9 prominentibus pallidis

arcuatis remotis angulo latiusculo adscendentibus remote a margine

arcuato-conjunctis, venulis prominulis pallidis laxe reticulatis;

inflorescentiae parvae pauci- vel multiflorae foliis duplo breviores,

ramis crassis dense fulvo-tomentulosis, floribus breviter crasse

pedicellatis; fructus magnus 1-2-locularis, 1-locularis late ovalis vel

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 197

subglobosus 2 cm. longus et 1.5 cm. latus vel ultra, 2-locularis rotun-

dato-obovatus circiter 2 cm. longus et aequilatus, densissime adpresse

fulvo-tomentulosus.— Mexico: Mount Orando, Chiapas, December

24, 1936, E. Matuda 679 (type in herb. Univ. Michigan; fragment in

Herb. Field Mus.).

This is the first representative of the family Dichapetalaceae to

be recorded from Mexico. It is related to D. Donnell-Smithii Engler,

common and widely distributed in Central America, which differs in

its considerably broader leaves with much more abundant pubescence,

and in its usually smaller fruits.

EUPHORBIAGEAE

Manihot isoloba Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex gracilis 2-5-metralis

omnino glaber, ramis crassiusculis teretibus ferrugineis, novellis

glaucis sat dense foliatis; stipulae filiformes breves caducae; folia

majuscula longipetiolata membranacea, petiolo gracili 5.5-12 cm.

longo plus minusve glauco; lamina 5-11 cm. longa et aequilata, fere

ad basin 5-9-partita, supra laete viridis, subtus glauca vel glaucescens,

lobis inaequalibus, exterioribus brevioribus, oblongo-linearibus,

lateribus fere parallelis, ca. 1 cm. latis, apice obtuso ad acuminate

subito in acumen protracto-filiforme usque 7 mm. longum contractis,

integris; flores masculi racemosi, racemis fere sessilibus ad 2.5 cm.

longis paucifloris, pedicellis gracilibus glaucis ad 13 mm. longis,

bracteis brevibus glauco-viridibus linearibus vel oblongis; calyx

anguste campanulatus 12 mm. longus, lobis ovalibus obtusis tubo

paullo brevioribus intus glabris, alabastris apice rotundatis vel

obtusis; flores feminei in axillis supremis inserti vel racemum brevem

efformantes; capsula globosa exalata 1.7 cm. longa glauca; semina

grisea lucida laevia ca. 1 cm. longa atque 8 mm. lata. — Mexico:

Guasaremos, Rio Mayo, Chihuahua, growing with oaks, August 10,

1936, Howard Scott Gentry 2372 (type in Herb. Field Mus.). Baka-

chaka, Rio Mayo, Sonora, rocky hill slopes, July, 1935, Gentry 1468.

Local name Pata de gallo. "A slender, many-stemmed shrub;

leaves blue-green." A well marked species because of its distinctive

leaf form, the narrow lobes being all almost equal in breadth, with

nearly parallel sides.

Phyllanthus Purpusii Brandeg. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6:

185. 1915.

Based upon material collected by C. A. Purpus on Cerro del

Boqueron, Chiapas, Mexico. A second collection has been examined

198 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

recently: Mount Orando, Chiapas, December, 1936, E. Matuda 523

(herb. Univ. Michigan; fragment in Herb. Field Mus.).

AQUIFOLIACEAE

Ilex Rimbachii Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 15-metralis, trunco 50

cm. diam., ramulis crassis subteretibus fuscis striatis densissime

pilis sordidis patentibus pilosis, internodiis brevibus; folia parva

brevissime petiolata coriacea, petiolo crasso vix 3 mm. longo; lamina

late ovalis vel ovalis, interdum ovato-ovalis, 3.5-4.5 cm. longa

2-3.5 cm. lata apice rotundata et apiculata vel obtusa, basi rotun-

data, subintegra vel remote adpresse spinuloso-serrata, supra in sicco

fusca lucida, primo dense breviter pilosa glabrescens, nervis non

elevatis, subtus concolor ubique dense pilis sordidis patentibus

rigidulis pilosa, costa crassiuscula elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere ca. 6 angulo lato divergentibus fere rectis remote a margine

arcuato-junctis, venulis obscuris laxe reticulatis, margine vulgo

recurvo; flores feminei axillares solitarii vel geminati, pedunculis

gracilibus 5-8 mm. longis dense pilosis; calyx sub fructum persistens

adpressus 5 mm. latus, lobis triangularibus acutis dense breviter

pilosis; fructus globosus ca. 6 mm. diam. apice late rotundatus et

mammillatus dense sordido-pilosus. — Ecuador: Forest region above

Balsapampa, 2,600 meters, August, 1936, Rimbach 789 (Yale No.

32979; type in Herb. Field Mus.).

"A forest tree 15 meters high, the trunk 50 cm. thick; young

stems velvety-hairy; fruit upon a 5-lobed calyx, globular, 8 mm.

thick, black-red, with a few seeds. Wood moderately hard, white;

bark smooth, gray, with medium-sized, round warts." The species is

noteworthy for the small, broad, thick-coriaceous leaves, and for

the abundant, spreading pubescence that covers almost all parts.

MALVACEAE

Callirrhoe sidalceoides Standl., sp. nov. — Caulis visus 20 cm.

tantum longus ut videtur decumbens simplex dense stellato-hirtellus,

internodiis foliis paullo longioribus; folia longipetiolata herbacea,

petiolo ca. 2.5 cm. longo subsparse stellato-hirtello ; lamina ambitu

reniformis ca. 3.5 cm. longa 4.5 cm. lata ad medium subaequaliter

5-loba, basi late cordata, sinu aperto acutiusculo, lobis profunde

trilobis, lobis lateralibus iterum bilobis, terminali trilobo, lobis

ultimis oblongo-ovatis obtusis, lamina supra dense albido-punctata

et hispido-strigosa, subtus subsparse stellato-hispidula, pilis 2-4-

radiatis albidis; flores axillares solitarii, pedunculis 3-7.5 cm. longis

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 199

unifloris dense stellato-hirtellis; bracteae paullo infra basin calycis

insertae lineares hispidulae calyce duplo breviores; calyx 1.5 cm.

longus extus dense pilis simplicibus et stellatis intermixtis hispidulus

fere ad basin lobatus, lobis lanceolatis tubo triple longioribus longe

angustissime attenuatis prominente trinerviis; petala ut videtur

purpurea 2.5 cm. longa extus glabra. — Mexico: Muzquiz, Coahuila,

Spring of 1935, Ernest G. Marsh 100 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

The plant, unfortunately, is known only from a single and scant

specimen, but the characters it exhibits seem to differentiate it from

all species known from the general region in which it grows.

BOMBACACEAE

Millea Standl., gen. nov. — Arbores procerae inermes, radicibus

tuberculos magnos emittentibus; folia alterna longipetiolata digitata,

foliolis membranaceis sessilibus crenatis; flores parvi hermaphroditi

dense pilosi in paniculas laxas multifloras repetite ramosas dispositi ;

calyx cupulatus truncatus; stamina circiter 20, columna brevi

angusta, filamentis in margine disci columnae insertis liberis fili-

formibus erectis glabris 1-antheriferis subaequalibus, antheris parvis

reniformibus; petala libera extus dense retrorso-pilosa angusta;

ovarium 5-loculare; capsula parva crasse coriacea vel sublignosa 5-

valvis, loculis intus densissime lanatis; semina pauca oblique ovoidea

lana endocarpii involuta, hilo laterali, testa Crustacea laevi.

The genus represented by this unusual tree is clearly a most

distinct one. It belongs in the alliance ofBombax, Ceiba, etc., where

it is well distinguished by the very small flowers, disposed in large

panicles, by the closely serrate leaflets, and the curious, small cap-

sules. It is dedicated to Rev. Luis Mille, S. J., who has devoted

many years and much labor to investigation of the still imperfectly

known flora of Ecuador, especially that of the coastal region lying

about Guayaquil.

Millea ecuadorensis Standl., sp. nov. — Ramuli crassi glabri

vel sparse puberuli in sicco f usco-f erruginei ; folia magna longi-

petiolata, petiolo crassiusculo 11-28 cm. longo tereti sparse patenti-

piloso brunnescente; foliola ca. 6 sessilia membranacea obovata vel

elliptico-obovata subinaequalia, circiter 20 cm. longa atque 8.5 cm.

lata vel minora, abrupte brevi ter acuminata, acumine vix ultra 1 cm.

longo, basin versus sensim longe cuneato-attenuata, basi ipsa

acuta vel acuminata, in toto margine arete crenata, supra in sicco

viridia aspera ubique sparse hirtello-scabra, nervis manifestis sed non

elevatis, subtus paullo pallidiora ubique subdense pilis simplicibus

200 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

patentibus molliter pilosa, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere ca. 16 angulo lato divergentibus subarcuatis prope

marginem laxe reticulato-conjunctis, venulis inconspicuis laxe

reticulatis; panicula crasse 9 cm. longe pedunculata ca. 18 cm. lata

et paullo brevior, floribus numerosissimis, ramis ferrugineis minute

griseo-stellato-tomentulosis, floribus cymosis vel breviter racemosis,

pedicellis crassiusculis 3-12 mm. longis minute tomentellis; calyx

late cupulatus 2.5 mm. longus fere 5 mm. latus truncatus extus

minute tomentellus, intus sericeus; petala oblongo-linearia 1.5 cm.

longa vix ultra 2 mm. lata obtusa intus sericea, extus densissime pilis

albis retrorsis adpressis sericeis induta; columna staminea 4 mm.

longa glabra; filamenta ca. 1 cm. longa, antheris ca. 0.3 mm. diam.;

stylus ca. 13 mm. longus glaber; capsula subdepresso-globosa 2 cm.

longa, apice late rotundata vel subtruncata et apiculata brunnea

laevis lucida, valvulis ca. 1 cm. latis intus subrugosis, lana laete rufa;

semina ca. 7 mm. longa opaca nigra, maculis elongatis pallidioribus

notata. — Ecuador: In regione tropice "sabana" prope Guayaquil,

in flower, July-August, 1936, Luis Mille 885 (type in Herb. Field

Mus.). Portovelo, Rose & Rose 23371.

Vernacular name Chirigua. Father Mille has forwarded two of

the smaller tubercles, which are subglobose and about 10 cm. in

diameter, hollow, and densely covered with dark, irregular, imbricate

scales. He states that some of the tubercles attain a much greater

size. Rose reported the local name of "polopolo."

FLACOURTIACEAE

Hasseltia guatemalensis Warb. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat.

Pflanzenfam. III. Abt. 6a: 32. 1893.

Apparently a little known but amply distinct species of this small

genus. The following collection, constituting a new species record

for Mexico, appears to agree well with the type as represented by a

photograph in the Herbarium of Field Museum: Siltepec, Chiapas,

January, 1937, E. Matuda 385 (herb. Univ. Michigan).

CARICACEAE

Jarilla Chocola Standl., sp. nov. — Herba simplex omnino

glabra; folia longissime petiolata membranacea, petiolo gracili 7-20

cm. longo; lamina ambitu late ovato-rotundata, saepe latior quam

longa, 6-16 cm. longa, 6-20 cm. lata, saepius breviter triloba, inter-

dum elobata, margine grosse irregulariter dentato vel dentato-

lobato, lobis apice acutis vel acuminatis, lamina basi truncata vel

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 201

concava 3-5-nervia, supra viridis, subtus glaucescens; inflorescentiae

masculae axillares solitariae 15-23 cm. longe pedunculatae, cymosae,

congestae, pauci- vel multiflorae ca. 3 cm. longae, floribus sessilibus

vel breviter pedicellatis; calyx minutus vix 1 mm. longus; corolla

alba, tubo 6-7 mm. longo superne paullo dilatato, fauce 2 mm. lato,

lobis oblongis obtusis paten tibus 5-6 mm. longis obtusis; antherae

breviter exsertae; flores feminei axillares solitarii 3-4 mm. longe

pedunculati recurvi; fructus juvenilis late globoso-ovoideus fere 2 cm.

longus, apice rotundatus et subito 3 mm. longe rostratus, basi sub-

truncatus et appendicibus 5 fere spiniformibus ca. 3 mm. longis

retrorsis appendiculatus. — Mexico: Guasaremos, Rio Mayo, Chihua-

hua, shaded slopes, often under Guazuma ulmifolia and other lowland

trees with grass and shrubs, August 10, 1936, Howard Scott Gentry

2366 (type in Herb. Field Mus.); at the same locality, August 5, 1935,

Gentry 1553. San Bernardo, Rio Mayo, Sonora, valley forest,

August 24, 1935, Gentry 1624.

Vernacular names Chocola and Kapiah (Warihio names). Al-

though clearly referable to the endemic Mexican genus Jarilla, this

plant is altogether unlike the two other species of the genus, par-

ticularly in leaf form. Regarding this curious and apparently local

plant, the collector supplies the following information:

"Chiefly from memory I will tell you what I can of Jarilla Chocola.

It is a leafy, succulent, and fast-growing annual, less than a meter in

height, single-stemmed, and with white flowers. It apparently

germinates with the first of the summer rains (presumably the plant

is a perennial from a fleshy root, the stems dying to the ground each

year — P. C. S.), for I found it with flowers and immature fruit the

first part of August. It is a shade-adapted plant, living its short

term under the steaming foothill forest trees, which in summer are

casting their fullest shade. It seems fairly hardy, for in close compe-

tition there are a number of species, such as Acalypha sp., Rivina

humilis, Gronovia scandens, Priva aspera, and others, forming an

association of forest summer underlings.

"Its span of life is short. No sooner have the warm rains passed

than the plant wilts and dies under the strong September sun. Its

last moments are spent in maturing its fruit. All through the long

fall until long after the death of the parent plant, the traveler will

chance upon the fruits lying scattered upon the ground, or shoaled

along the margins of the lesser washes where some sudden rain water

has borne them. Nor has the fruit suffered the least decomposition

upon its dank, earthy bed, as with so many of the fleshy, thin-

202 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

skinned fruits, but rather seems to partake of the renewed moisture

and lies fresh, plump, and firm in the hand. It was thus that I first

discovered it, and searched in vain for the plant that bore it, to the

then misunderstood humor of my native companion.

"The fruit is oval, 6-7 cm. in length by 3-4 cm. in diameter,

deciduous from its stalk. It bears several ribs moderately tubercled

or irregularly crenate. Its pulp is a light, white, pudding-like mass

of slightly acidulous flavor remotely suggestive of lemon. Centrally

are imbedded half a hundred or more seeds. Some of the Mexicans

and Indians evince a real liking for the fruit. Its cool tartness is

refreshing, and an attachment can be readily understood, when one

remembers that taste can be bent with a little hunger and courage

to a new flavor.

"I have been told that the root is thick and fleshy and good to

eat when roasted. Among the Warihios it is one of the important

wild food plants, carrying them over the hunger period before the

corn harvest. The name chocola is used by the Mexicans for the

fruit. The root they speak of as capida, a corruption of the Warihio

name for the plant, kapiah."

MYRTACEAE

Eugenia hiraeifolia Standl., sp. nov. — Ramuli crassi griseo-

ferruginei ut videtur in statu juvenili minute pallido-tomentelli,

internodiis 4.5-5.5 cm. longis; folia breviter petiolata firme chartacea,

petiolo ca. 7 mm. longo minutissime albido-tomentello vel glabrato;

lamina late obovata vel oblongo-obovata 12-14 cm. longa 6-8 cm.

lata, apice late rotundata vel fere truncata et breviter apiculato-

acuminata vel interdum apice obtuso subacuta, basin versus sensim

cuneato-angustata, basi ipsa anguste obtusa, supra in sicco viridis

glabra, costa subimpressa, nervis manifestis et fere planis, subtus

paullo pallidior, in statu juvenili ut videtur minute adpresso-tomen-

tella sed in adulto fere omnino glabra, ubique minute obscure punc-

tata, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 11

angulo fere recto adscendentibus fere rectis remote a margine irregu-

lariter arcuato-conjunctis, venulis prominulis laxe reticulatis; flores

ut videtur in cymas axillares paucifloras crasse 2 cm. longe peduncu-

latas dispositi; bacca magna late ovali-obovata 2.5 cm. longa 1.8 cm.

lata, basi paullo angustata, apice late rotundata et calyce persistente

coronata, lobis calycis late rotundatis brevibus. — Panama: Monte

Oscuro, near Panama City, September 23, 1935, James Zetek 3550

(type in Herb. Field Mus.).

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 203

The available material is not as ample as might be desired, and,

unfortunately, with fruit only. The large, broad leaves indicate a

species, perhaps referable to some other genus than Eugenia, that is

unlike anything previously known from the region of the Isthmus.

Eugenia nesiotica Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex, in statu florifero

defoliatus, ramis gracilibus teretibus cinnamomeis rimosis, novellis

griseo-puberulis vel subsericeis, internodiis brevibus; folia parva

breviter petiolata crasse papyracea, petiolo vix ultra 2.5 mm. longo

puberulo; lamina lanceolato-oblonga vel lanceolato-elliptica 4-5 cm.

longa 12-20 mm. lata subabrupte longiacuminata, acumine angusto

apice obtuso, basi obtusa vel acuta, utrinque ad costam puberula vel

subsericea, aliter glabra vel glabrata, supra in sicco griseo-viridis

opaca, subtus concolor, punctis pellucidis sat densis sed vix obviis,

costa tenera prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 13

tenerrimis vix manifestis angulo lato divergentibus fere rectis remote

a margine arcuato-junctis, venulis obscuris arete reticulatis; flores in

axillis fasciculati numerosi, pedicellis plerumque 5-6 mm. longis

gracilibus pilis albidis subpatentibus pilosulis; hypanthium dense

albido-tomentulosum ; sepala paullo ultra 2 mm. longa rotundata

puberula vel glabrata punctata; petala rotundata 3.5 mm. longa

glabra marginibus minute ciliolata dense punctata. — Panama:

Barro Colorado Island, Canal Zone, in 1936, James Zetek 3646 (type

in Herb. Field Mus.; in bud only) ; April 28, 1937, Zetek 3835 (flowers).

ONAGRACEAE

Gaura Gentry! Standl., sp. nov. — Herba erecta ca. 60 cm. alta,

caule gracili superne subumbellato-ramoso, rubro tincto, dense

minute cinereo-puberulo et subdense pilis longis pallidis usque 5 mm.

longis patentibus piloso, laxe foliato; folia breviter petiolata mem-

branacea, petiolo gracili ad 8 mm. longo; lamina lanceolato-linearis

4.5-6 cm. longa 4-10 mm. lata apicem versus longe sensim attenuata,

basi attenuato-acuta, remote breviter repando-dentata, supra dense

minute pilosa tactu sericea, subtus concolor dense minute sericeo-

pilosula et sparse praesertim ad costam longihirsuta ; flores spicati,

spicis longipedunculatis 3-11 cm. longis remotifloris, floribus paucis

vel numerosis arete sessilibus, rhachi dense incurvo-puberula;

ovarium 8 mm. longum fere lineare dense griseo-incurvo-puberulum ;

calyx extus dense puberulus in alabastro subacuminatus, tubo

gracillimo 2-2.5 cm. longo vix 1 mm. crasso, lobis linearibus 2 cm.

longis 3 mm. latis; petala pallide lutea ca. 2 cm. longa glabra; fila-

menta ca. 17 mm. longa glabra, antheris linearibus 5 mm. longis;

204 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

fructus immaturus oblongo-ovoideus 8 mm. longus 4 mm. latus

grosse obtuse costatus griseo-incurvo-puberulus. — Mexico: Guasa-

remos, Rio Mayo, Chihuahua, on rocky outcroppings, September 26,

1935, Howard Scott Gentry 1859 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

"The pale yellow flowers open in the evening, and in the sunshine

hang wilted and closed. Observed later on Cerro Guicorichi." The

relationship of this large-flowered plant is with the Mexican G.

mutabilis Cav. (represented in the Herbarium of Field Museum by

authentic material) and G. grandiflora Rose, described from Chihua-

hua. If pubescence may be relied upon for separating species of

Gaum, which is somewhat doubtful, the present plant is amply

distinct from both those species in the close, incurved pubescence of

the ovaries and fruit. In G. grandiflora the fruit is glabrous; in G.

mutabilis densely pilose with spreading hairs.

Hauya Lundellii Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 23-metralis, trunco 35

cm. diam., ramulis ochraceis plus minusve nodosis, novellis viridibus

sparse minute puberulis cito glabratis, internodiis brevibus; folia

mediocria petiolata subcoriacea, petiole gracili 1-3 cm. longo sparse

obscure puberulo vel glabro; lamina anguste oblanceolato-oblonga

vel anguste elliptico-oblonga 7-12.5 cm. longa 2.5-4.5 cm. lata sensim

vel subabrupte acuminata vel acuta, basin versus saepius longe

angustata, basi ipsa acuta vel acuminata et plus minusve inaequali,

integra vel paullo undulata, supra in sicco griseo-viridis glabra

elevato-puncticulata, nervis manifestis sed non elevatis, subtus

paullo pallidior, glabra vel ad costam sparse hinc inde pilosa, costa

gracili pallida elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere 7-8 angulo

lato adscendentibus valde arcuatis, venulis laxe reticulatis; flores

axillares solitarii crasse usque 6 mm. longe pedunculati, ovario

glabro angusto 13 mm. longo; calyx extus glaber pallide viridis, tubo

circiter 4 cm. longo medio 3 mm. lato, fauce dilatato, lobis 3.5 cm.

longis apice non appendiculatis subobtusis lineari-lanceolatis; capsula

anguste clavata 4-4.5 cm. longa 1 cm. lata obtusa, basin versus

paullo angustata, teres. — British Honduras: Valentin, El Cayo

District, on limestone hill in advanced forest, June-July, 1936,

C.L.Lundell 6318 (type in Herb. Field Mus. ; duplicate in herb. Univ.

Michigan).

"Trunk light tan, fluted." The genus is new for the flora of

British Honduras. The species appears to be a clearly distinct one,

related to H. Barcenae of Oaxaca which has broader, puberulent

leaves, rounded at the base.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 205

ARALIAGEAE

Oreopanax artocarpoides Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 6-8-

metralis, ramulis crassis apicem versus dense foliatis, internodiis

brevibus dense minute stellato-tomentulosis vel glabratis; folia

mediocria longe petiolata crasse coriacea, petiolo crassiusculo basi

valde dilatato usque 10 cm. longo minute stellato-tomentello vel

glabrato; lamina lanceolato-oblonga vel oblongo-ovata 11-20 cm.

longa 3-8 cm. lata longe sensim apicem versus attenuata, apice ipso

acuto vel obtuso, basi rotundata vel truncata, supra in sicco flaves-

cens lucidissima, glabra vel ad costam minute stellato-tomentella,

nervis subimpressis, subtus pallida lutescens densissime minute

stellato-tomentella, basi 5-nervia, costa crassa elevata, nervis later-

alibus utroque latere circiter 10 angulo semirecto vel paullo latiore

adscendentibus valde irregularibus prope marginem irregulariter

arcuato-conjunctis, venis prominulis laxe reticulatis; pedunculi

axillares monocephali crassi 5-6 cm. longi minute stellato-tomentelli

vel glabrati; capitula densissime multiflora globoso-ovoidea 3-4 cm.

longa 3 cm. lata apice late rotundata, bracteis floribus paullo longi-

oribus apice dense brunneo-tomentosis; fructus glaber 1 cm. longus

et ultra apice truncatus. — Bolivia: Sailapata, Department of Cocha-

bamba, 3,600 meters, in wet soil at forest edge, October, 1935,

Martin Cardenas 3350 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

OLEACEAE

Forestiera Shrevei Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex 4.5 m. altus ut

videtur dense rigide ramosus, ramis crassis fusco-ferrugineis teretibus

rimosis lenticellis paucis pallidis elevatis conspersis, novellis dense

patenter pilosis; folia parva opposita vel plerumque in ramulis

brevibus lateralibus dense congestis breviter petiolata herbacea,

petiolo pilosulo vix 2 mm. longo; lamina oblonga vel anguste oblonga,

interdum oblanceolato-oblonga, 12-22 mm. longa 4-7 mm. lata,

apice obtusa vel rotundata, basi acuta vel breviter acuminata,

integra, utrinque dense molliter pilis pallidis patentibus pilosula,

costa gracili subtus prominente, nervis lateralibus obsoletis; flores

plerumque ad nodos defoliatos fasciculati, pedicellis gracilibus 3-5

mm. longis glabris; ovarium glabrum, stylo gracili fere 2 mm. longo

glabro; drupa oblique oblonga 5 mm. longa striata glabra. — Arizona:

Above Alamo Ranch, Ajo Mountains, Pima County, 720 meters,

March 19, 1933, Forrest Shreve 6201 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Sierra Tucson, April 24, 1884, W. F. Parish 218.

206 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

Probably this is F. neomexicana var. arizonica Gray, although

this is by no means certain. At any rate, this clearly distinct Arizona

shrub deserves rank as a species. The narrow, obtuse or rounded,

entire, densely pubescent leaves are quite unlike those of F. neo-

mexicana, which seems to be remarkably uniform in leaf characters.

CONVOLVULACEAE

Ipomoea Chilopsidis Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex 2-5-metralis

omnino glaber pauciramosus, ramis gracilibus pallidis puncticulatis,

internodiis brevibus; folia breviter petiolata crasse herbacea, petiolo

gracili ca. 1 cm. longo; lamina linearis 6.5-19 cm. longa et ultra 6-8

mm. lata, apicem longum filiformem versus longissime sensim atten-

uata, basin acutam versus brevius attenuata, integra, in sicco fusces-

cens, opaca, costa gracili subtus prominente, nervis obscuris; flores

magni axillares solitarii, pedunculo crassiusculo 5-15 mm. longo,

pedicello 1-2 cm. longo superne fistuloso-incrassato; sepala 1.5 cm.

longa coriacea oblongo-ovata vel late ovata, exteriora obtusa vel

subacuta, interiora apice rotundata, erecta; corolla alba, fauce

purpureo, tubo ca. 6 cm. longo e basi ad apicem subsensim dilatato,

fauce fere 2.5 cm. lato, limbo patente ca. 7 cm. lato; antherae lineares

9 mm. longae. — Mexico: Guasaremos, Rio Mayo, Chihuahua, on

oak and pine rims, August 16, 1936, Howard Scott Gentry 2391 (type

in Herb. Field Mus.).

"Shrub 2-5 meters high, with few irregular branches. Flowers

white with purple throat. Singularly of the high and arid rims."

An isolated species, remarkable for its combination of erect, shrubby

habit and extremely long and narrow leaves.

Jacquemontia luxurians (Moric.) Hallier. — This species has

a wide distribution in South America, but, so far as I know, it has

not been recorded from North America. The following collection,

distributed as Aniseia martinicensis (Jacq.) Choisy, to which the

plant has little similarity except in leaf form, represents the species:

Lancetilla Valley, near Tela, Honduras, Standley 55766. The plant

is a large, herbaceous vine with small, white flowers in dense cymes.

VERBENACEAE

Clerodendron Matudae Standl., sp. nov. — Ramuli graciles

teretes striati pallide olivacei paullo nodosi ad nodos dense fulvo-

villosi, alibi sparsissime villosuli vel fere omnino glabri, internodiis

plerumque elongatis; folia mediocria breviter petiolata membranacea

ad apices ramulorum aggregata, petiolo gracili vix ultra 6 mm. longo

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 207

sparse puberulo et pilis paucis longioribus consperso; lamina oblongo-

oblanceolata vel anguste lanceolato-oblonga 11-17 cm. longa 3.5-6

cm. lata longe sensim acuminata, basin versus sensim attenuata, basi

ipsa acuta, supra in sicco laete olivacea ad costam minute sparse

puberula, venulis prominulis, subtus paullo pallidior ad costam

gracilem prominentem sparsissime pilosa vel glabra, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere circiter 7 gracillimis arcuatis angulo fere recto adscen-

dentibus; flores terminales aggregati, pedicellis longissimis gracilibus

ut videtur subrecurvis 4.5-6.5 cm. longis glabris; calyx glaber cam-

panulatus 2 mm. longus subangulatus basi subacutus, remote minute

5-denticulatus, inter dentes subtruncatus; corolla glabra, tubo

gracili 1 cm. longo medio 1.5 mm. crasso ore paullo latiore, lobis 5

anguste oblongis apice rotundatis circiter 11 mm. longis et 2-2.5 mm.

latis venosis paten tibus; filamenta 8 mm. longe exserta, antheris

circiter 1.5 mm. longis. — Mexico: Mount Orando, Chiapas, December

16, 1936, E. Matuda 572 (type in herb. Univ. Michigan; fragment in

Herb. Field Mus.).

The only other species native in Mexico, C. ligustrinum (Jacq.)

R. Br., has little in common with the present plant.

Lippia Gentry! Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex 1-2-metralis ut videtur

dense ramosus, ramis teretibus ochraceis densissime pilis brevibus

patentibus glanduloso-villosulis et plus minusve breviter hirsutis,

internodiis brevibus; folia parva breviter petiolata subcoriacea

solemniter rugosa, petiolo crassiusculo 6-8 mm. longo dense glandu-

loso-villosulo ; lamina lanceolato-ovata 2.5-3.5 cm. longa 1-1.5 cm.

lata, apicem acutum versus sensim angustata, basi rotundata vel

obtusa, in toto margine dense acute serrata, supra densissime glandu-

loso-villosa tactu aspera, nervis venisque impressis, subtus grisea

densissime pilis eglandulosis vel interdum glandulosis paucis inter-

mixtis plus minusve intertextis pilosa, costa gracili prominente,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 10 angulo semirecto adscendenti-

bus subarcuatis; flores spicati, spicis capituliformibus circiter 1.5 cm.

longis atque 2 cm. latis axillaribus geminatis, pedunculis gracilibus

ca. 1.5 cm. longis glanduloso-villosis et breviter hirsutis, bracteis

pallide viridibus fere membranaceis in statu fructifero accrescentibus

late ovatis vel rotundato-ovatis acutis vel acuminatis arete imbri-

catis numerosissimis dense pilis brevibus glandulosis et longioribus

eglandulosis patentibus pilosis; calyx densissime pilis longis albis

pilosus; corolla 6-7 mm. longa, tubo gracillimo extus glabro, lobis

brevissimis extus dense albido-hirtellis. — Mexico: Agrimincor, Rio

208 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. XVII

Mayo, Sonora, on oak slope, April 6, 1937, Howard Scott Gentry 3039

(type in Herb. Field Mus.). Sierra Chiribo, Rio Mayo, Sonora, oak

mesa, Gentry 1785. Algodones, Rio Mayo, Sonora, oak ridge,

Gentry 2037.

A relative of the Lower Californian L. barbata Brandeg.

LABIATAE

Monarda Bartlettii Standl., sp. nov. — Herba erecta ca. 60 cm.

alta, caule monocephalo obtuse quadrangulato puberulo et sparse

pilis longis albis laxis patentibus piloso, internodiis plerumque foliis

longioribus; folia breviter petiolata membranacea, petiolo 2-7 mm.

longo dense longipiloso; lamina oblongo-deltoidea vel deltoideo-

lanceolata 5-8 cm. longa 2-4 cm. lata apicem acutum versus longe

sensim attenuata, basi late rotundata et subcordata, supra dense

impresso-punctata et sparse longipilosa, subtus pallidior, dense

punctata, minute puberula atque dense longipilosa, apicem versus

integra, aliter remote adpresso-serrata ; capitula densissime multi-

flora, corollis exclusis 3 cm. diam., basi bracteis foliaceis viridibus vel

ut videtur roseis floribus fere aequilongis fulcrata, bracteis setaceo-

filiformibus calycem aequantibus vel brevioribus; calycis tubus

angustus ca. 1 cm. longus 10-nervius sparse glanduloso-punctatus

dense pilis mollibus longis et brevibus intermixtis pilosus, fauce dense

albo-barbatus, dentibus 2.5-3 mm. longis subpatentibus e basi

triangulari spinoso-subulatis glandulosis et sparse pilosis; corolla

purpureo-rubra extus ubique pilis longis laxis albidis sparse pilosa,

tubo ca. 2.5 cm. longo sursum sensim dilatato fauce 5 mm. lato, labio

superiore 1.5 cm. longo erecto, inferiore ca. 1 cm. longo; stamina

paullo labio superiore longiora. — Mexico: La Begonia, vicinity of

San Jose", Tamaulipas, 960 meters, July 5, 1930, H. H. Bartlett 10094

(type in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in herb. Univ. Michigan).

Close to M. Pringlei Fernald, to which the writer once referred it,

but in that the long, weak hairs so plentiful upon M. Bartlettii are

altogether lacking, the calyx is merely minutely puberulent and only

sparsely barbate in the throat, its teeth longer and merely beset with

short-stipitate glands.

Monarda Eplingiana Standl., sp. nov. — Herba erecta circiter

60 cm. alta, caule simplici monocephalo gracili obtuse quadrangulato

fere glabro sed ad nodos dense breviter pilosulo, internodiis foliis

duplo longioribus; folia petiolata membranacea, petiolo gracili 5-8

mm. longo puberulo vel glabrato; lamina oblongo-lanceolata vel

oblongo-ovata 2.5-4.5 cm. longa 1-2.5 cm. lata, apicem acutum

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 209

versus longe sensim attenuata, basi rotundata, minute remote ad-

presso-serrata, apicem versus Integra, supra in sicco laete viridis

dense minute punctata sparse puberula vel glabrata, subtus paullo

pallidior dense punctata tantum ad costam cinereo-puberula, aliter

glabra; capitula dense pauciflora, corollis neglectis vix ultra 1 cm.

lata, bracteis paucis foliaceis lanceolatis viridibus plus minusve

rubro tinctis calycibus interdum duplo longioribus fulcrata, floribus

arete sessilibus, bracteis paucis setiformibus calyce brevioribus;

calycis tubus cylindraceus 8 mm. longus prominente nervosus sparse

glanduloso-punctatus, sparse vel densius breviter pilosus, fauce

densissime longibarbato, dentibus subpatentibus e basi triangulari

subulato-acuminatis vix 1.5 mm. longis; corolla ut videtur fere coc-

cinea (an purpureo-rubra?) sparse laxe longivillosa, tubo fere 2.5 cm.

longo sursum sensim dilatato fauce 4 mm. lato, labio superiore erecto

ad 12 mm. longo, inferiore ca. 8 mm. longo; stamina labio superiore

paullo longiora. — Mexico: Del Carmen Mountains, Coahuila, in

1936, Ernest G. Marsh, Jr. 604 (type in Herb. Field Mus.). Also No.

818 from the same locality, collected in September, 1936.

This also is related to M. Pringlei of Nuevo Leon, but differs

in its shorter calyces with much shorter teeth, also in the somewhat

different indument of the leaves. The species is dedicated to Dr.

Carl Epling, monographer of the American Labiatae.

SCROPHULARIACEAE

Pentstemon Gentry! Standl., sp. nov. — Herba elata, ut videtur

60 cm. alta vel ultra superne laxe ramosa, caulibus teretibus pallide

brunnescentibus laevibus glabris, internodiis brevibus; folia sessilia

lanceolato-linearia 5-12 cm. longa 2-7 mm. lata apicem versus longis-

sime anguste attenuata, basin versus quoque paullo attenuata, in 2

tertiis superioribus acute adpresso-serrata, versus basin integra,

herbacea glabra, nervis lateralibus obsoletis; rami floriferi numerosi

elongati, anguste thyrsoideo-paniculiformes ca. 15 cm. longi laxe

multiflori, pedunculis 1-3-floris, bracteis foliis similibus sed multo

brevioribus saepe integris, pedicellis curvis 1 cm. longis vel breviori-

bus sparse villosulis vel glabris; sepala 1 cm. longa lineari-lanceolata

subabrupte longe anguste attenuato-acuminata sparse villosula vel

fere glabra; corolla 3 cm. longa extus glabra, prope basin in tubum

5 mm. longum crassum contracta, supra tubum abrupte expansa,

fauce 1.5 cm. lata, lobis lavandulaceis ca. 6 mm. longis apice rotun-

datis intus glabris, tubo albo; staminodium glabrum; filamenta gla-

bra, antherae loculis divaricatis fere 2 mm. longis toto longitudine

210 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

dehiscentibus glabris; capsula immatura glabra ovoideo-globosa 8

mm. longa apice rotundata et subito in stylum ca. 17 mm. longum

contracta. — Mexico: Canelas, Rio Mayo, Chihuahua, in forest on

mesas and in arroyos, October 2, 1935, Howard Scott Gentry 1910

(type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Among Mexican species of Pentstemon with large, broad corollas

the plant is conspicuous on account of its long and extremely narrow

leaves.

GESNERIACEAE

Columnea venusta Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex epiphyticus,

ramis crassis subteretibus longitrorsum rugosis rubro-ferrugineis,

internodiis brevibus pilis plurilocularibus purpurascentibus sat dense

villosis; folia mediocria brevissime petiolata in sicco coriacea, foliis

paris valde inaequalibus, petiolo crasso vix ad 3 mm. longo purpureo-

villoso; lamina oblonga vel lanceolato-oblonga, laminis majoribus

circiter 7.5 cm. longis atque 2 cm. latis, apice acuminata vel longi-

acuminata, basi valde inaequilateralis, latere interiore semiobtusa

vel semirotundata, altero auriculata et cordata, auricula rotundata,

supra in sicco griseo-viridis dense minute puncticulata glabra, costa

subimpressa, nervis obsoletis, subtus sparse albido-strigosa, ad cos-

tarn nervosque dense purpureo-villosa, costa crassiuscula prominente,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere 4-5 angulo acuto adscendentibus

remotis leviter arcuatis in marginem supra medium desinentibus,

venis obsoletis; flores ad axillas solitarii, pedunculo gracili apice

recurvo 4-5 cm. longo dense pilis longis purpureis patentibus vel

adscendentibus villoso; calyx basi obliquus fere aequaliter parti tus

extus subdense purpureo-villosus intus glaber, lobis fere 2 cm. longis

ovatis basi rotundatis vel subcordatis profunde laciniato-lobatis,

lobis utroque latere circiter 5 angustis, terminali fere integro sensim

acuminate; corolla rubra 7.5 cm. longa extus subsparse pilis longis

laxis villosa, tubo leviter incurvo fauce 12 mm. lato, lobis 2 inferiori-

bus oblongo-ovatis 2 cm. longis, postico usque 3.5 cm. longo trilobo

apice late rotundato et brevissime emarginato; antherae 3 mm.

longae; stylus circiter 7 cm. longus sparse villosulus. — Guatemala:

Along trail, Finca Volcan to Cerro Sillab, Senahu, Alta Verapaz,

July 27, 1936, W. R. Hatch & C. L. Wilson 154 (type in Herb. Field

Mus.).

In a genus noted for its many handsome species, this must be an

unusually showy plant because of the exceptionally large corollas.

Solenophora Wilsonii Standl., sp. nov. — Herba erecta vel

frutex humilis, ramulis subteretibus gracilibus pilis brevissimis

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 211

crassis fere papilliformibus dense indutis, internodiis brevibus vel

paullo elongatis; folia opposita longipetiolata membranacea, petiolo

1.5-4 cm. longo gracili dense vel sparse papillloso-villoso; lamina

forma variabilis, elliptica, late ovato-elliptica, oblongo-elliptica vel

interdum obovato-elliptica 9-15 cm. longa 4.5-8 cm. lata breviter

acuminata vel interdum tantum acuta, basi plus minusve inaequali

acuta vel rare subrotundata et subito contracto-decurrens, in fere

toto margine grosse vel adpresse serrata, supra in sicco viridis spar-

sissime breviter villosa, subtus paullo pallidior ad nervos venasque

pilulis crassis papilliformibus subdense conspersa, costa gracili,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 10 angulo lato adscendenti-

bus arcuatis, venulis prominulis laxe reticulatis; flores axillares

solitarii, pedunculo 7-10 mm. longo, hypanthio obovoideo 3-4 mm.

longo ut petiolo dense papilloso-villosulo; calyx campanulatus viridis

vel atropurpureus 1.5 cm. longus fere 1 cm. latus sparse breviter

villosulus, lobis brevibus inaequalibus subrotundatis grosse dentatis;

corolla ut videtur alba extus sparse pilis longis albidis villosa, tubo

3 cm. longo superne sensim dilatato, ore 1-1.5 cm. lato, lobis sub-

aequalibus late rotundatis intus glabris, marginibus dense fimbriato-

dentatis, dentibus angustis attenuatis glanduloso-puberulis. — Gua-

temala: Chacirociha, Finca Seamay, Senahu, Alta Verapaz, August 1,

1936, W. R. Hatch & C. L. Wilson 201 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Also another specimen from the same locality, with the same number,

collected July 30.

RUBIACEAE

Amaioua contracta Standl., sp. nov. — Arbuscula 5.5 m. alta,

ramulis crassis breviter dense hispidis, internodiis brevissimis;

stipulae tenues basi circumscissae ferrugineae fere 2 cm. longae

acutiusculae extus dense adpresso-hispidae intus glabrae; folia

mediocria brevissime petiolata subcoriacea, petiolo crasso vix ad 5

mm. longo piloso; lamina lanceolato-oblonga vel oblongo-ovata 14-17

cm. longa 5-7 cm. lata abrupte caudato-acuminata versus basin

abrupte contracta et fere ad basin petioli acuminato-decurrens,

supra in sicco sublucida brunnescens ad costam nervosque adpresso-

hispida aliter glabra vel in statu juvenili ut videtur sparse hispida,

costa nervisque vix prominulis, subtus paullo pallidior, undique,

ad costam nervosque densius, adpresso-hispida, costa gracili elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 15 elevatis angulo latiusculo

adscendentibus leviter arcuatis in marginem desinentibus, nervulis

prominulis arctissime reticulatis; flores masculi ad apicem ramuli

capitati numerosissimi arete sessiles; calyx extus densissime pilis

212 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

ochraceis adpresso-hirsutus 3 mm. longus campanulatus, dentibus

remotis linearibus erectis 1.5 mm. longis; corolla in alabastro 8 mm.

longa extus densissime subadpresso-pilosa, lobis oblongis acutiusculis

tubo paullo longioribus. — Brazil: State of Amazonas, basin of Rio

Madeira, Humayta, between Rio Livramento and Rio Ipixuna,

November, 1934, B. A. Krukoff 7230 (Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard., type;

photo, and fragment in Herb. Field Mus.).

Well marked by the form of the leaves, which are practically

sessile, being abruptly contracted toward the base and long-decurrent

almost to the base of the petiole.

Gephaelis madeirana Standl., sp. nov. — Arbuscula 6-metralis

praeter inflorescentiam omnino glabra, ramulis sat gracilibus pallide

olivaceis subteretibus, internodiis elongatis; stipulae persistentes

virides in tubum truncatum 2-3 mm. longum coalitae, tubo lobis 4

linearibus erectis 3-3.5 mm. longis paullo infra marginem insertis

onusto; folia mediocria brevissime petiolata submembranacea,

petiolo 2 mm. tantum longo; lamina elliptico-oblonga vel elliptico-

ovata 9-15 cm. longa 4-6.5 cm. lata, anguste sensimque vel sub-

abrupte breviusque acuminata, basi obtusa vel subrotundata, supra

in sicco opaca cinereo-olivacea, costa nervisque prominulis, subtus

paullo pallidior, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere circiter 9 gracillimis pallidis prominentibus arcuatis angulo

latiusculo adscendentibus, nervulis prominulis laxe reticulatis;

inflorescentia terminalis capituliformis crasse 4 mm. longe pedun-

culata, dense pauciflora, circiter 3 cm. lata, bracteis ut videtur viridi-

bus foliaceis oblongis vel anguste ellipticis 1.5-2.3 mm. longis acutis

subpatentibus basi paullo puberulis, floribus paucis arete sessilibus;

hypanthium 1.5 mm. longum glabrum, calyce 3 mm. longo tubuloso-

campanulato brevissime acute dentato glabro; corolla glabra ca.

13 mm. longa, tubo gracili, lobis ovatis brevibus; antherae exsertae.—

Brazil: State of Amazonas, basin of Rio Madeira, Humayta, near

Tres Casas, on varzea land, September-October, 1934, B. A. Krukoff

6189 (Herb. N. Y. Bot. Card., type; photo, in Herb. Field Mus.).

Coussarea Krukovii Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex 5.5 m. altus,

trunco 3.5 cm. diam., ramis crassis olivaceis striatis glabris; stipulae

(imperfectae tantum visae) 2.5 cm. longae et ultra; folia inter maxima

petiolata crasse chartacea vel subcoriacea in sicco fusco-olivacea

glabra, petiolo crasso 4-4.5 cm. longo; lamina cuneatim oblongo-

obovata circiter 30 cm. longa atque 13 cm. lata, apice obtusa vel

subrotundata et abrupte in acumen anguste triangulare 1.5 cm.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 213

longum contracta, basin versus longe sensim cuneato-attenuata, basi

ipsa acuminata, supra opaca, costa prominula, nervis lateralibus

manifestis sed non elevatis, subtus fere concolor, costa elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 8 angulo latiusculo adscen-

dentibus arcuatis prope marginem arcuato-conjunctis; inflorescentia

terminalis 2.5 cm. longe pedunculata ut videtur capitata vel breviter

spicata dense multiflora, axi 1.5 cm. longa, floribus congestis sessili-

bus; sepala in statu fructifero 4-5 mm. longa late triangularia obtusa

vel acutiuscula striata ad apicem drupae persistentia; fructus ovali-

columnaris densiuscule breviter pubescens fere 2 cm. longus 10-13

mm. latus grosse obtuse longitrorsum costatus. — Brazil: State of

Amazonas, Sao Paulo de Olivenga, near Palmares, varzea land,

September-October, 1936, B. A. Krukoff 8132 (type in herb. N. Y.

Bot. Gard.; photo, in Herb. Field Mus.).

The very large, oblong-obovate leaves and unusually large and

conspicuously costate drupes are outstanding characters.

Genipa vulcanicola Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor 15-metralis,

trunco fere 30 cm. diam., ramulis crassis ochraceis glabris, internodiis

brevissimis; stipulae deciduae virides oblongo-ovatae obtusae extus

prope basin sparse breviter hirsutae; folia petiolata chartacea,

petiolo crassiusculo 1-2 cm. longo secus margines breviter hirtello

vel glabrato; lamina elliptica vel oblongo-elliptica 11-12 cm. longa

4.5-6 cm. lata acuta vel obtusa, basi acuminata, glabra, supra in

sicco griseo-viridis, nervis manifestis sed vix elevatis, subtus fere

concolor, in axillis nervorum solemniter domatiata, costa gracili

elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 7 angulo fere semi-

recto adscendentibus subarcuatis pallidis prominulis teneris prope

marginem irregulariter arcuato-conjunctis, venulis manifestis sed

vix elevatis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis cymoso-corym-

bosa sessilis basi trichotoma circiter 4 cm. longa et aequilata vel

latior, pauciflora, ramis crassis sparse hirtellis, bracteis parvis vel

minutis, floribus in cymas trifloras dispositis, pedicellis florum later-

alium crassis ad 1 cm. longis; calyx late campanulatus 1 cm. longus

et aequilatus extus intusque glaber, truncatus et remote breviter

dentatus, dentibus latissime triangularibus vix ultra 1 mm. longis;

corolla alba subcoriacea extus glabra in alabastro late obtusa, tubo

1 cm. longo superne 4 mm. crasso versus basin sensim angustato,

lobis patentibus rotundato-obovatis apice late rotundatis sparse

ciliatis intus glabris; antherae semiexsertae. — Guatemala: In forest,

Volcan Atitlan, 2,310 meters, October 24, 1934, Alexander F. Skutch

1512 (type in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in herb. Arnold Arb.).

214 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

A very distinct species, somewhat similar to G. americana L.,

which has acuminate stipules, leaves with more numerous nerves,

and the calyx sericeous within, besides differing in various other

characters.

Hippotis mollis Standl., sp. nov. — Ramuli crassi dense breviter

fulvo-hirsuti, internodiis brevibus; stipulae non visae; folia magna

breviter petiolata crasse papyracea, petiolo crasso ca. 2 cm. longo

dense breviter hirsute; lamina late obovato-elliptica 15-19 cm.

longa 8-10 cm. lata apice abrupte breviter acuminata, acumine

ipso anguste triangulari acuto, basi acuta vel subobtusa, supra in

sicco fusca sublucida ubique subdense breviter setoso-hirsuta, tactu

asperula, nervis manifestis sed non elevatis, subtus pallidior, dense

pilis brevibus fulvis patentibus setoso-hirsuta, costa gracili elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 10 angulo acuto adscendentibus

versus apicem arcuatis gracilibus prominentibus prope marginem

arcuato-conjunctis, venulis transversis parallelis crebris prominen-

tibus, areolis arete lineolatis; inflorescentiae axillares ca. 8 mm. longe

pedunculatae triflorae, floribus breviter pedicellatis; hypanthium

anguste turbinatum 5 mm. longum dense f ulvo-hirsutum ; calyx

3 cm. longus medio 7 mm. latus acuminatus uno latere ad medium

fissus densissime fulvo-hirsutus; corolla ca. 4.5 cm. longa decurva,

tubo sursum sensim ampliato fauce 1 cm. lato extus dense strigoso-

sericeo, lobis erectis latissimis vix ultra 5 mm. longis apice siibtrun-

catis et breviter emarginatis. — Colombia: State of Boyaca, A. E.

Lawrance 505 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Related to the other Colombian species, H. albiflora Karst.,

which lacks the dense, velvety tomentum of the lower leaf surface

that is so prominent in the present species.

Hoffmannia riparia Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex ramosus 3-

metralis, ramis crassis obtuse tetragonis glabris, internodiis brevibus;

stipulae breves acutae, perfectae non visae; folia opposita magna

membranacea breviter petiolata, petiolo crasso 1-2 cm. longo glabro;

lamina oblongo-obovata vel obovata circiter 26 cm. longa et 8-8.5

cm. lata acuta vel breviter acuminata vel abrupte breviacuminata,

basin versus e medio longe sensim attenuata et ad petiolum longe

decurrens, glabra, supra in sicco viridis, costa venisque non elevatis,

subtus pallidior, costa crassa prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere ca. 20 gracilibus angulo semirecto adscendentibus fere rectis

prope marginem conjunctis, venulis paucis laxe reticulatis; flores

cymosi, cymis axillaribus et ex nodis defoliatis nascentibus laxe

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 215

multifloris 5 cm. longis fasciculatis sessilibus glabris, floribus pler-

umque secundis, pedicellis gracilibus ad 6 mm. longis; sepala ad

apicem baccae persistentia late triangularia acutiuscula vix 1 mm.

longa; baccae pallide purpureae ovales vel subglobosae usque ad

8 mm. longae glabrae. — Guatemala: Colomba, Dept. Quezaltenango,

beside stream in forest, 720 meters, September 24, 1934, Alexander

F. Skutch 1291 (herb. Arnold Arb., type; photo, in Herb. Field Mus.).

Although possessing no outstanding characters to mark it, this

plant does not agree with any of the Hoffmannia species known to

the writer.

Macrocnemum vestitum Standl., sp. nov. — Ramuli graciles

subcompressi brunnei dense molliter pilis longiusculis pilosi, inter-

nodiis elongatis; stipulae ovales 13 mm. longae apice late rotundatae

prope basin pilosae sursum glabratae; folia mediocria petiolata

membranacea, petiolo gracili piloso 1-2.5 cm. longo; lamina late

obovata vel fere rotundato-obovata 6-11.5 cm. longa 3.5-6.5 cm.

lata -apice rotundata et breviter triangulari-apiculata, basi cuneatim

angustata et acuta vel late obtusa, in statu sicco fusca, supra primo

graciliter pilosa serius glabrata, subtus undique ad nervos densius

pilis longis pallidis mollibus pilosa, costa gracili elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere ca. 9 angulo lato divergentibus tenerrimis

fere rectis, venulis fere obsoletis; inflorescentia axillaris ad 5.5 cm.

longe pedunculata cymoso-paniculata sublaxe multiflora ca. 4.5 cm.

longa e basi trichotoma, ramis densiuscule pilis brevibus subad-

pressis pilosis, bracteis interdum foliaceis oblongis vel lanceolatis

ad 1 cm. longis, floribus mediocriter pedicellatis, pedicellis rigidis

basi lanceolato-bracteolatis; hypanthium anguste clavatum 4-5 mm.

longum basi acutum sparse subadpresse hispidulum; calyx fere ad

basin partitus, segmentis post anthesin accrescentibus ut videtur

coloratis valde inaequalibus anguste lanceolato-oblongis usque ad

8 mm. longis, versus apicem obtusum vel subacutum paullo attenua-

tis; corollae tubus 6-8 mm. longus crassiusculus extus paullo his-

pidulus vel fere glaber, lobis rotundato-ovatis ca. 5 mm. longis

apice rotundatis extus glabris; stylus glaber 4-5 mm. longus; capsula

juvenis anguste oblongo-clavata sparse hispidula 1 cm. longa calyce

persistente coronata.— Ecuador: Pumacocha, 1857-59, R. Spruce

6027 (type in Herb. Mus. Vienna).

Macrocnemum cuencanum Standl., the only other species re-

ported for Ecuador, is an almost glabrous plant. M. vestitum is

noteworthy for its abundant pubescence, and especially for the large

and accrescent calyx lobes.

216 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

Manettia cephalophora Standl., sp. nov. — Volubilis, ramis

herbaceis subteretibus glabris, internodiis elongatis; stipulae glabrae

in vaginam latam 2-2.5 mm. longam coalitae, lobis liberis subulatis

incrassatis usque ad 5 mm. longis; folia mediocria opposita breviter

petiolata crasse chartacea, petiolo crassiusculo glabro 3-4 mm. longo;

lamina elliptica vel oblongo-elliptica ca. 6.5 cm. longa atque 2.5 cm.

lata longe anguste acuminata, basi acuta, glabra, supra in sicco

fusco-olivacea, costa impressa, nervis obscuris, subtus fusco-brun-

nescens, costa prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 4

tenerrimis obscuris angulo acutissimo adscendentibus, nervulis

obsoletis; inflorescentiae terminales et axillares capitatae densissime

multiflorae 1-1.5 cm. latae pedunculatae, floribus sessilibus; hypan-

thium glabrum; calycis laciniae 4 alte connatae in statu fructifero

recurvae late oblongae vel ovales apice rotundatae vel obtusissimae

crassae ca. 3 mm. longae virides; capsula teres cylindrica 1 cm.

longa fere 4 mm. crassa glabra longitrorsum striata, seminibus late

alatis. — Brazil: Bahia, Blanchet 1140 (Herb. Delessert, type).

In his monograph of the genus Manettia Wernham described two

species, M. capitata and M. Miersiana, both Brazilian, with capitate

inflorescence. Both were based upon specimens in flower. I have

seen no material of either species, but have no doubt that the plant

here described is closely related to them, although differing in its

relatively broad calyx lobes. The capsule of M. cephalophora is

so unlike that of other species of Manettia that the reference of the

plant to this genus is decidedly questionable. If the fruit of M . capi-

tata and M. Miersiana should prove to be like that of M. cephalophora,

it is probable that these species will have to be segregated as a distinct

genus.

Palicourea affinis Standl., sp. nov. — Arbuscula 5.5 m. alta,

ramulis crassis teretibus minute sparse puberulis vel fere glabris,

internodiis elongatis; stipulae persistentes erectae basi breviter

connatae, laciniis utroque latere 2 anguste oblongo-lanceolatis

attenuatis 1 cm. longis suberectis glabris; folia mediocria breviter

petiolata opposita subcoriacea, petiolo crasso 4-7 mm. longo;

lamina oblongo-elliptica 13-18 cm. longa 6.5-9 cm. lata, apice

subabrupte acuta vel acutiuscula, basi obtusa vel rotundata, supra

in sicco lucida lutescenti-olivacea, costa elevata, nervis prominulis,

glabra, subtus paullo pallidior, ad costam nervosque hispidula,

aliter glabra vel glabrata, costa crassa elevata, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere ca. 11 prominentibus valde arcuatis, nervulis obscuris

transversis non reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis 8.5 cm. longe

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 217

pedunculata corymbiformis dense multiflora ca. 7 cm. alta et 9 cm.

lata, fastigiato-ramosa, ramis dense hispidulis valde adscendentibus

basi bracteis linearibus vel subulatis ad 8 mm. longis fulcratis

pedicellis erectis 3-5 mm. longis dense hispidulis; calyx late cam-

panulatus 2 mm. longus puberulus vel glabratus persistens; fructus

4-5 mm. longus ovoideus apice constrictus glabratus yalde costatus.

— Brazil: State of Amazonas, basin of Rio Madeira, Humayta, on

plateau between Rio Livramento and Rio Ipixuna, on campinarana,

November, 1934, 5. A. Krukoff 7280 (type in Herb. Field Mus.;

duplicate in herb. N. Y. Bot. Card.).

A relative of Palicourea verrucosa (Muell. Arg.) Standl., comb,

nov. (Psychotria verrucosa Muell. Arg.).

Pentagonia grandiflora Standl., sp. nov. — Folia (perfecta non

visa) maxima crasse papyracea glabra integra, petiolo non viso,

lamina 125 cm. longa et 100 cm. lata, nervis lateralibus subtus valde

elevatis, costa crassissima valde elevata; flores dense aggregati

sessiles rubri, bracteis late ovatis vel oblongo-ovatis ca. 6 cm. longis,

dorso minute sparse sericeis vel glabratis; calyx tubulosus 5.5-6 cm.

longus extus minute sparse sericeus, superne sensim dilatatus, lobis

suberectis oblongo-ovatis 1.5-2 cm. longis obtusis; corolla 6 cm.

longa extus sparse minute sericea vel fere glabra, tubo 5 mm. lato

superne vix dilatato, lobis oblongo-triangularibus 5 mm. longis

acutiusculis intus ad marginem apicemque papilloso-villosulis. —

Ecuador: Rio Cojumies (?), above tidewater, in 1921, W. W. Rowlee

& George Mixter 1271 (U. S. Nat. Herb., type).

The type consists of two sheets, one with well preserved flowers

and inflorescences, the other with a badly dried and badly mounted

leaf, or rather a part of the leaf, with the petiole missing. Although

little is known regarding the leaf characters, which are of importance

in separating the species of Pentagonia, the flowers are almost twice

as large as those of any member of the genus previously described.

Plocaniophyllon flavum Brandeg. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6:

69. 1914.

The genus consists of a single species, based upon a plant collected

in the State of Chiapas, Mexico, by Dr. C. A. Purpus. A second

collection is now available: Mount Orando, Chiapas, December,

1936, E. Matuda 418 (herb. Univ. Michigan). In the North American

Flora (32: 139. 1921) the writer placed the genus in the tribe Mus-

saendeae, chiefly upon the basis of the curious striolate nervation

(Moireestreifung} of the leaves, a character known otherwise only

218 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. XVII

in that tribe, in such genera as Sommera and Pentagonia. At that

time mature fruit was not available for study. The Matuda col-

lection bears ripe capsules, which make it impossible to refer the

plant to the Mussaendeae, in which the fruit is fleshy. Apparently

Plocaniophyllon must be placed in the tribe Condamineeae, where

it does not appear to be closely related to any other group, and is at

once recognizable by the leaf striolation.

Pogonopus speciosus (Jacq.) Schum. — This handsome shrub

or small tree, noteworthy for having some of its calyx lobes greatly

enlarged, foliaceous, and brilliant red in color, has a wide range in

tropical America, but is not common in most parts of Central

America. It has been collected recently as far north as Mexico:

Escuintla, Chiapas, December, 1936, E. Matuda 560 (herb. Univ.

Michigan).

Psychotria Krukovii Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex 2.5 m. altus,

ramulis subteretibus ferrugineis densissime pilis patentibus ferru-

gineis hirsutis, internodiis brevibus vel elongatis; stipulae cito

deciduae ferrugineae ca. 12 mm. longae oblongo-ovatae acuminatae

extus dense ferrugineo-pilosae; folia breviter petiolata mediocria

vel magna papyracea, petiolo crasso 4-10 mm. longo dense hirsuto;

lamina anguste oblonga vel lanceolato-oblonga prope medium latis-

sima 12-21 cm. longa 3.5-6.5 cm. lata et ultra, sensim longiacumi-

nata, basi acuta vel anguste obtusa, supra in sicco cinerascens ad

costam breviter hispidula aliter glabra, costa nervisque subimpressis,

subtus undique ad venas densius breviter pilis ferrugineis hirsuta,

costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 15 gracilibus

elevatis adscendentibus arcuatis, nervulis prominulis laxe reticulatis;

inflorescentiae terminales atque pseudolaterales 1.5-2.5 cm. longe

pedunculatae cymoso-paniculatae densissimae 2-2.5 cm. longae basi

trichotomae, ramis brevibus densissime ferrugineo-pilosis, floribus

sessilibus dense aggregatis, bracteis parvis angustis pilosis; hypan-

thium dense ferrugineo-pilosulum, calycis dentibus brevibus obtusis;

corolla extus glabra vix ultra 2 mm. longa, lobis latis patentibus

tubo subaequilongis intus glabris; stamina exserta, antheris oblongis

0.8 mm. longis. — Brazil: State of Amazonas, basin of Rio Madeira,

Humayta, near Tres Casas, on low terra firma, September-October,

1934, B. A. Krukoff 6172 (type in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in

herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.); also No. 6509 from the same region.

Noteworthy in the subgenus Mapouria for the very narrow, short-

petiolate leaves and the abundant, rusty pubescence.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 219

Psychotria paulina Standl., sp. nov. — Herba(?) vel frutex

omnino glaber, ramis ut videtur crassis; stipulae fere ad basin

bilobae, segmentis 1 cm. longis vel ultra acuminatis semiovatis

striatis; folia inter maxima petiolata firme membranacea, petiolo

crasso fusco fere 4 cm. longo; lamina late obovato-elliptica 27-33

cm. longa 14-15 cm. lata apice late rotundata et brevissime apiculato-

acuminata, basi cuneato-acuta, supra in sicco fusca, nervis pallidis

prominulis, subtus pallidior, viridis, costa gracili prominente, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere circiter 21 angulo recto divergentibus

valde arcuatis teneris marginem attingentibus, inter venulas minute

verruculosa, venulis inconspicuis vix prominulis laxe reticulatis;

inflorescentia terminalis capituliformis graciliter 13 cm. longe ped-

unculata, dense multiflora 3 cm. longa 4 cm. lata, bracteis exterioribus

ut videtur rubris lanceolato-ovatis longiacuminatis fere 2 cm. longis,

interioribus brevioribus latis, floribus sessilibus vel brevissime pedi-

cellatis; calyx ad apicem fructus persistens 1.5 mm. longus irre-

gulariter breviter lobatus, lobis obtusis vel subacutis; fructus didymo-

ovoideus 5 mm. longus et fere aequilatus, pyrenis 2 facie commi-

surali leviter anguste canaliculatis dorso obtuse 5-costatis. — Brazil:

State of Amazonas, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, on terra firma, July,

1936, B. A. Krukoff 7839 (type in herb. N. Y. Bot. Card.).

Randia mollifolia Standl., sp. nov. — Ut videtur inermis, ramulis

teretibus in sicco striatis ochraceis densiuscule griseo-hirtellis, inter-

nodiis superioribus brevibus; stipulae deciduae e basi late triangulari

anguste acuminatae 7 mm. longae extus prope basin sparse hirtella,

interdum ad 2 cm. longae; folia inter maxima petiolata firme mem-

branacea, petiolo gracili 2-3.5 cm. longo dense hirtello; lamina forma

variabilis, late ovata, ovato-elliptica vel latissime elliptica, 13-23 cm.

longa 7.5-14.5 cm. lata, acuta vel subacuminata, basi obtusa vel

rotundata et subito contracto-decurrens, supra in sicco griseo-fusco-

viridis, densissime glanduloso-puberula et dense breviter molliter

pilosa, nervis manifestis, subtus densissime cano-tomentosa, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere ca. 12 angulo latiusculo adscendentibus

arcuatis; fructus crasse 5 cm. longe pedunculatus ovali-globosus

4.5 cm. longus 3.5 cm. latus apice crasse apiculatus glaber. — Mexico:

Saguaribo, Rio Mayo, Sonora, on talus slope at cliff base in high,

dark canyon, 1,650 meters, November 3, 1935, Howard Scott Gentry

2139 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Vernacular name Sapuchi de la sierra. Similar in general

characters to R. Watsoni Robinson, in which the branches are armed

with spines, and the leaves much smaller and short-petiolate.

220 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

Retiniphyllum cearense Standl., sp. nov. — Ramuli subteretes

densissime hispiduli ad nodos plus minusve resinosi, internodiis

1-3 cm. longis; stipulae in vaginam brevem subtruncatam dense

hispidulam connatae; folia parva breviter petiolata coriacea, petiolo

2-3 mm. longo crasso; lamina oblongo-elliptica vel interdum oblongo-

obovata 3-4.5 cm. longa 1.5-2.5 cm. lata obtusa vel acutiuscula,

basi obtusa, supra sublucida ad costam hispidula, secus margines

scaberula, nervis obsoletis, subtus dense scaberulo-hispidula, pilis

subpatentibus albidis, costa crassa elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere ca. 6 obscuris; flores terminales subcapitati pauci sessiles,

involucello parvo disciformi subintegro; hypanthium obovoideum

3 mm. longum scaberulum; calyx campanulatus 5-6 mm. longus

ore 4 mm. latus hispidulus brevissime obtuse dentatus; corolla

extus sericea, tubo cylindraceo 23 mm. longo 2.5 mm. lato, lobis

oblongis 8-10 mm. longis patentibus vel reflexis obtusis intus

sericeis; stamina in apice tubi inserta lobis corollae duplo breviora,

filamentis crassiusculis adpresso-pilosis. — Brazil : Province de Ceara,

in 1838, Gardner 156 (Herb. Delessert, type).

The genus Retiniphyllum is a small and well marked one, isolated

within the family, its previously known species occurring in Ama-

zonia, Venezuela, and British Guiana. The species here described

represents a considerable extension from the previously known range

of the group. It is related to R. erythranthum Standl., of Mount

Duida, Venezuela, in which the leaves have only a sparse pubescence

of closely appressed hairs.

Rudgea Garciana Standl., sp. nov. — Ramuli crassiusculi

ochracei plus minusve striati et rimosi, internodiis elongatis glabris;

stipulae in vaginam brevem latam conjunctae induratae apice late

rotundatae vix ultra 2.5 mm. longae dorso paullo infra apicem setis

numerosis rigidis pallidis 3.5 mm. longis onustae; folia mediocria

glabra breviter petiolata crasse coriacea, petiolo crasso 7-10 mm.

longo; lamina oblonga vel oblanceolato-oblonga ca. 11 cm. longa et

3.5-4 cm. lata subacuta, apice ipso obtuso, basi acuta, supra in sicco

fusca, costa impressa, nervis manifestis sed vix elevatis, subtus

multo pallidior, costa crassa elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere ca. 12 arcuatis angulo semirecto vel latiore adscendentibus

prominentibus gracilibus, venulis manifestis sed parum elevatis laxe

reticulatis; inflorescentia glabra terminalis cymose circiter 4-flora

erecta 2 cm. longe pedunculata, bracteis parvis deciduis, pedicellis

crassiusculis ad 1 cm. longis; hypanthium columnari-turbinatum

3 mm. longum; sepala fere libera 5-6 mm. longa lineari-oblonga

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 221

attenuata; corolla glabra 3.5-4 cm. longa, tubo superne sensim

dilatato fauce 5 mm. lato, lobis tubo aequilongis lineari-oblongis

apice 1.5-2 mm. longe corniculatis, appendicibus filiformibus.—

Peru: "Achapatumam, 1787" (Achapata, Puno?), Ruiz & Pawn

(type in herb. Madrid).

Labeled by the collectors, "An Posoqueriae species?" In most

of its characters the plant is quite unlike any other species of Rudgea

known from the Peruvian region. It is noteworthy especially for

its handsome, coriaceous leaves and very large flowers. The species

is dedicated to Dr. Antonio Garcia Varela, Director of the Jardin

Botanico of Madrid.

Rudgea Krukovii Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex 4.5 m. altus, ramulis

crassis ochraceo-olivaceis obtuse subtetragonis glabris, internodiis

elongatis; stipulae persistentes crassae ovato-rotundatae 6-7 mm.

longae valde costatae multilaciniatae, setis incrassatis pallidis;

folia magna breviter petiolata coriacea, petiolo crasso ca. 12 mm.

longo; lamina elliptica vel oblongo-elliptica ca 20 cm. longa et 10

cm. lata, acuminata vel breviter subabrupte acuta, basi acuta vel

anguste obtusa, supra in sicco lutescenti-viridis lucida glabra, costa

nervisque profunde impressis, subtus pallidior aspera scaberula,

costa elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 8 elevatis arcuatis

angulo latiusculo adscendentibus juxta marginem conjunctis, nervulis

prominentibus laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis 3 cm. longe

pedunculata cymoso-paniculata ca. 4.5 cm. longa et 5.5 cm. lata,

ramis crassis breviter pilosis, basalibus 4 patentibus 1-1.5 cm. longis,

cymulis paucifloris densis, floribus sessilibus, bracteis lanceolatis

calycem aequantibus; calycis laciniae lineari-lanceolatae attenuatae

puberulae erectae ca. 1.5 mm. longae; corolla in alabastro obtusa

7 mm. longa papilloso-puberula, lobis patentibus tubo subaequilongis

intus minute puberulis, tubo in fauce dense albo-barbato; stamina

breviter exserta, filamentis ad faucem insertis glabris, antheris

lineari-oblongis 1.8 mm. longis. — Brazil: State of Amazonas, basin

of Rio Madeira, Humayta, near Tres Casas, on varzea land, Sep-

tember-October, 1934, B. A. Krukoff 6173 (type in Herb. Field

Mus.; duplicate in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.).

A relative of Rudgea paniculata Benth.

Rudgea palmarum Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex 1.5 m. altus

omnino glaber, ramis teretibus glabris gracilibus olivaceis, inter-

nodiis plerumque elongatis; stipulae parvae 2-3 mm. longae fere

ad basin 3-5-fidae, lobis filiformibus pallidis corneis, persistentes;

222 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

folia parva brevissime petiolata crasse membranacea, petiolo usque

2 mm. tantum longo; lamina anguste oblongo-lanceolata 7-11 cm.

longa 1.5-3 cm. lata longe anguste attenuata, apice ipso obtuso,

basin acutam versus sensim attenuata, supra in sicco fusco-olivacea

lucida, costa elevata, nervis obscuris vix prominulis, subtus paullo

pallidior sublucida, costa gracili prominente, nervis lateralibus utro-

que latere 8-9 tenerrimis angulo semirecto adscendentibus sub-

arcuatis prope marginem irregulariter laxe arcuato-conjunctis, venulis

vix prominulis laxe reticulatis; flores cymoso-paniculati, panicula

terminali graciliter 2-3 cm. longe pedunculata circiter 3 cm. lata

et aequilonga laxe pauciflora, bracteis minutis vel obsoletis, pedicellis

gracillimis plerumque 3-5 mm. longis; hypanthium turbinatum

1.5 mm. longum, calyce campanulato 1.2 mm. longo viridi breviter

inaequaliter dentato, dentibus acutiusculis; corolla glabra in ala-

bastro apice rotundata, tubo 7 mm. longo fauce dilatato, lobis

ovato-oblongis acutis patentibus 3 mm. longis intus minute puberulis;

antherae lineares semiexsertae ; fructus subglobosus circiter 13 mm.

diam. — Brazil: State of Amazonas, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, near

Palmares, terra firma, on low land, September-October, 1936, B. A.

Krukoff 8117 (type in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.; fragment in Herb.

Field Mus.), 8561.

Rudgea singularis Standl., sp. nov. — Frutex 1.8 m. altus

praeter inflorescentiam omnino glaber, ramis gracilibus subteretibus

fusco-olivaceis, internodiis elongatis; stipulae magnae virides lanceo-

lato-oblongae 3.5 cm. longae 9 mm. latae parallele venosae apice

profunde trifidae, lobis lateralibus brevibus, terminali longe filiformi-

attenuato; folia magna petiolata papyracea, petiolo crassiusculo

circiter 2 cm. longo; lamina oblongo-elliptica 18-26 cm. longa 6-8

cm. lata longissime anguste attenuato-acuminata, basi acuta et

breviter subdecurrens, supra in sicco olivacea opaca vel lucida,

costa nervisque prominentibus, subtus concolor, costa gracili elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere circiter 12 teneris angulo lato ad-

scendentibus valde arcuatis juxta marginem arcuato-conjunctis,

venulis prominentibus laxe reticulatis; inflorescentiae ut videtur

axillares (an pseudo-axillares?) circiter 12 cm. longe graciliter pedun-

culatae laxe cymoso-paniculatae ut videtur pendentes, circiter 5 cm.

longae et aequilatae, ramis divaricatis gracilibus in sicco fuscis sparse

minute puberulis, bracteis minutis vel obsoletis, pedicellis brevibus

crassiusculis; flores in sicco nigri glabri, hypanthio columnari 1 mm.

longo, calyce vix ultra 0.5 mm. longo inaequaliter breviter dentato;

corolla in alabastro apice brevissime 5-cornuta, tubo gracili 5-6 mm.

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 223

longo fauce vix dilatato, lobis brevissimis circiter 0.5 mm. longis

late ovatis. — Brazil: State of Amazonas, Sao Paulo de Olivenga,

basin of Belem Creek, terra firma, in high forest, October-December,

1936, B. A. Krukoff 8804 (type in herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.; photo, in

Herb. Field Mus.).

The material is rather unsatisfactory for study, especially as

regards the inflorescence, but the large leaves and peculiar stipules

seem to indicate a species unlike any other known from the Amazon

Valley.

Tocoyena megistantha Standl., sp. nov. — Arbor humilis; folia

maxima brevissime petiolata crasse membranacea, petiolo crasso 1.5

cm. longo glabro; lamina oblanceolato-oblonga ca. 36 cm. kmga 13.5

cm. lata, apice non viso, basin versus longe sensim attenuata, basi

ipsa acute cuneata, glabra vel supra sparse pallido-hirsuta, in sicco

fusca, costa crassiuscula, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 20

angulo fere recto divergentibus arcuatis prope marginem arcuato-

junctis; flores ad apicem rami congesti numerosi sessiles; hypan-

thium glabrum oblongum 7 mm. longum teres; calyx tubuloso-

campanulatus 6 mm. longus glaber, lobis usque 8 mm. longis e basi

triangulari longe filiformibus suberectis; corolla alba extus sparse

minute puberula, tubo angustissimo ca. 28 cm. longo medio 2.5 mm.

crasso fauce paullo dilatato, ore 8 mm. lato, lobis 5 lanceolato-

linearibus patentibus 5.5-8 cm. longis longe sensim attenuatis 7-9

mm. latis intus minutissime puberulis; antherae semiexsertae. —

Colombia: Margarita Creek, vicinity of Barranca Bermeja, between

Sogamoso and Colorado rivers, Department of Sur de Santander,

100-500 meters, September 11, 1934, Oscar Haught 1360 (type in

Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in U. S. Nat. Herb.).

The flowers are extraordinary for their exaggerated length, in

this respect having few rivals in any group of Rubiaceae.

CUCURBITACEAE

Corallocarpus hypoleucus Standl., sp. nov. — Scandens, cauli-

bus gracilibus ochraceis subangulatis striatis glabris, internodiis

elongatis; folia longipetiolata crasse membranacea, petiolo 2-3.5 cm.

longo pallido sparse minute hirtello vel glabrato; lamina ambitu

rotundata vel deltoideo-rotundata ad medium triloba, basi profunde

cordata, sinu lato aperto, 7-13 cm. longa 8-15 cm. lata, lobis latis

acuminatis ad anguste rotundatis, terminali integro, lateralibus

basi rotundato-auriculatis, supra in sicco viridis glabra laevis,

224 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. XVII

subtus grisea vel albida densissime pilis minutis subadpressis tomen-

tulosa, basi 3-nervia; fructus globoso-ovoideus 6 cm. longus 5 cm.

latus, basi late rotundatus, apice obtusus vel rotundatus et stylo

persistente umbonatus, glaber, pedunculis axillaribus solitariis sim-

plicibus 1.5 cm. longis crassis. — Mexico: On road near La Sabana,

south of Acapulco, Guerrero, 60 meters, August 25, 1935, L. H.

MacDaniels 266 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

The type of this species was found in a valuable collection of

Mexican plants forwarded to Field Museum for determination by

Dr. L. H. Bailey.

GOMPOSITAE

Vernonia Taylorae Standl., sp. nov. — Herba perennis 30-40 cm.

alta vel ultra, caulibus rigidis erectis simplicibus vel pauciramosis

striatis interdum purpureo tinctis sat dense breviter griseo-villosulis,

internodiis foliis brevioribus; folia subsessilia rigide herbacea, petiolo

vix ultra 2 mm. longo; lamina lanceolata vel in foliis inferioribus

oblanceolato-oblonga 5-7.5 cm. longa 1.5-2.5 cm. lata acuta vel

saepius longiattenuata, basi obtusa, remote dentato-serrata vel

interdum subintegra, supra in sicco fusco-viridis aspera scabra et

sparse subvillosula, nervis non elevatis, subtus paullo pallidior ubique

dense glanduloso-punctata ad nervos venasque pilis parvis stipitatis

stellato-tomentosa, in areolis scabra, costa crassiuscula elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 7; capitula pauca (ca. 8) corym-

bosa, pedunculis rigidis 1.5-3.5 cm. longis suberectis dense puberulis

vel brevissime villosulis; involucrum campanulatum 1 cm. longum

1.5 cm. latum basi rotundatum, phyllariis numerosis gradatim im-

bricatis adpressis in sicco fusco-purpureis lanceolato-oblongis acumi-

natis glabratis villoso-ciliatis; flores numerosi ut videtur purpurei;

achaenia circiter 50 glandulosa et sparse puberula 1.5 mm. longa,

setis pappi rigidis 7 mm. longis antrorse scaberulis. — Mexico: Haci-

enda Pablillo, Galeana, Nuevo Leon, July 30, 1936, Mary Taylor 9

(type in Herb. Field Mus.).

THE LIBRARY OF THE

OCT151937

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBANA